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69 relations: 'Asir Region, Abbasid Caliphate, Abd al-Ilah Pasha, Abd al-Mu'in ibn Musa'id, Abd al-Muttalib ibn Ghalib, Abd Allah Pasha ibn Muhammad, Abdullah I of Jordan, Abu Numayy I, Abu Numayy II, Abu'l-Futuh al-Hasan ibn Ja'far, Ahmad ibn Sa'id, Al-Ashraf Qansuh Al-Ghuri, Ali of Hejaz, Ali Pasha ibn Abd Allah, Arab Revolt, Arabic, Awn ar-Rafiq, Ayyubid dynasty, ‘Alī Ḥaydar Pāshā, Banu Hashim, Battle of Mecca (1916), Battle of Mecca (1924), Cairo, Caliphate, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Emirate of Transjordan, Faisal I of Iraq, Fatimid Caliphate, Ghalib ibn Musa'id, Hajj, Hasan ibn Ali, Hejaz, Hejaz Vilayet, House of Saud, Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, Ibn Saud, Idris ibn Hasan, Iraq, Ja'far ibn Sa'id, Jeddah, Kingdom of Hejaz, List of Caliphs, List of Sultans of Brunei, List of Sunni Muslim dynasties, Mamluk, Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Mecca, Medina, Muhammad, ..., Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mu'in, Musa'id ibn Sa'id, Najd, Ottoman Empire, Portuguese Gold Coast, Qatada ibn Idris, Red Sea, Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy, Selim I, Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Sharif, Sharif Ali, Sharifate of Mecca, Sharifian Caliphate, Siege of Medina, Surur ibn Musa'id, T. E. Lawrence, Yahya ibn Surur. Expand index (19 more) »
'Asir Region
The Asir Region (or Aseer, عسير) is a region of Saudi Arabia located in the southwest of the country that is named after the ʿAsīr tribe.
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Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate (or ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Abd al-Ilah Pasha
Sharif Abd al-Ilah Pasha ibn Muhammad (الشريف عبد الإله باشا بن محمد al-Sharīf ‘Abd al-Ilāh Bāshā ibn Muḥammad; شريف عبد الإله پاشا بن محمد Şerif Abdülilah Paşa bin Muhammed; 184527 October 1908) was a sharif of the Awn clan who was briefly proclaimed Sharif and Emir of Mecca in 1882.
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Abd al-Mu'in ibn Musa'id
‘Abd al-Mu‘īn ibn Musā‘id ibn Sa‘īd (عبد المعين بن مساعد بن سعيد) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who briefly served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca on two occasions – first in January 1788, and second during April–July 1803.
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Abd al-Muttalib ibn Ghalib
‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Ghālib ibn Musā‘ad (عبد المطلب بن غالب بن مساعد‎; 179029 January 1886) served three times as Emir and Grand Sharif of Mecca: First in 1827, then 1851 to 1856, and finally 1880 to 1881.
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Abd Allah Pasha ibn Muhammad
Sharif Abd Allah Pasha ibn Muhammad (الشريف عبد الله باشا بن محمد al-Sharīf ‘Abd Allāh Bāshā ibn Muḥammad; شريف عبد الله پاشا بن محمد Şerif Abdullah Paşa bin Muhammed; d. 1877) was a sharif of the Awn clan who served as Emir and Sharif of Mecca from 1858 to 1877.
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Abdullah I of Jordan
Abdullah I bin al-Hussein, King of Jordan (عبد الله الأول بن الحسين, Abd Allāh ibn al-Husayn, February 1882 – 20 July 1951), born in Mecca, Hejaz, Ottoman Empire, was the second of three sons of Hussein bin Ali, Sharif and Emir of Mecca and his first wife Abdiyya bint Abdullah (d. 1886).
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Abu Numayy I
Muḥammad Abū Numayy ibn Abī Sa‘d al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn Qatādah al-Ḥasanī (محمد أبو نمي بن أبي سعد الحسن بن علي بن قتادة الحسني; 8 October 1301), sometimes referred to as Abu Numayy I (أبو نمي الأول), was Emir of Mecca from 1250 to 1301, with interruptions.
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Abu Numayy II
Muḥammad Abū Numayy II ibn Barakāt ibn Muḥammad (محمد أبو نمي الثاني بن بركات بن محمد) was Sharif of Mecca from 1512 to 1566.
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Abu'l-Futuh al-Hasan ibn Ja'far
Abu'l-Futuh al-Hasan ibn Ja'far was the Sharif of Mecca for the Fatimid Caliphate from 994 until 1039.
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Ahmad ibn Sa'id
Aḥmad ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d (أحمد بن سعيد بن سعد; d.) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1770 to 1773.
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Al-Ashraf Qansuh Al-Ghuri
Al-Ashraf Qansuh Al-Ghuri (الأشرف قانصوه الغوري) was the second-to-last of the Mamluk Sultans.
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Ali of Hejaz
Ali bin Hussein, GBE (علي بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 18791935) was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until he was deposed by Ibn Saud in December 1925.
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Ali Pasha ibn Abd Allah
‘Alī Pāshā ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad (علی پاشا بن عبد الله بن محمد; علي باشا,; 1859–1941) was a sharif of the Awn clan who served as Emir and Grand Sharif of Mecca from 1905 until he was deposed in the Young Turk Revolution of 1908.
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Arab Revolt
The Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية, al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya; Arap İsyanı) or Great Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية الكبرى, al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya al-Kubrā) was officially initiated by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, at Mecca on June 10, 1916 (9 Sha'ban of the Islamic calendar for that year) although his sons ‘Ali and Faisal had already initiated operations at Medina starting on 5 June with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and creating a single unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.
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Arabic
Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.
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Awn ar-Rafiq
‘Awn al-Rafīq Pāshā ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn ibn Awn (عون الرفيق پاشا بن محمد بن عبد المعين بن عون; عون الرفيق باشا,; February 184117 July 1905), also known as Awn al-Rafiq ibn Muhammad ibn Awn, was a member of the Awn clan of sharifs who served as Emir and Sharif of Mecca from 1882 to 1905.
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Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty (الأيوبيون; خانەدانی ئەیووبیان) was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin founded by Saladin and centred in Egypt.
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‘Alī Ḥaydar Pāshā
‘Alī Ḥaydar Pāshā ibn Jābir (علی حیدر پاشا بن جابر; علي حيدر باشا, ‘Alī Ḥaydar Bāshā; April 1866 – 12 May 1935) was an Ottoman politician who served as Emir and Grand Sharif of Mecca from 1916 to 1917 during the Arab Revolt and the First World War.
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Banu Hashim
Banū Hāshim (بنو هاشم) is a clan in the Quraysh tribe with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar.
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Battle of Mecca (1916)
The Battle of Mecca occurred in the Muslim holy city of Mecca in June and July 1916.
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Battle of Mecca (1924)
Battle of Mecca took place in Mecca, in what is now known today as Saudi Arabia, following the fall of Ta'if to King Abdulaziz Ibn Saud in his campaign to conquer the Kingdom of Hejaz.
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Cairo
Cairo (القاهرة) is the capital of Egypt.
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Caliphate
A caliphate (خِلافة) is a state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (خَليفة), a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire ummah (community).
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Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (abbreviation CTHM) (خَـادِم الْـحَـرَمَـيْـن الـشَّـرِيْـفَـيْـن,; İki Kutsal Cami'nin Hizmetkârı), sometimes translated as Servant of the Two Noble Sanctuaries or Protector of the Two Holy Cities, is a royal style that has been used by many Islamic rulers, including the Ayyubids, the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt, the Ottoman Sultans, and in the modern age, Saudi Arabian kings.
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Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
The period of the defeat and end of the Ottoman Empire (1908–1922) began with the Second Constitutional Era with the Young Turk Revolution.
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Emirate of Transjordan
The Emirate of Transjordan (إمارة شرق الأردن lit. "Emirate of east Jordan"), also hyphenated as Trans-Jordan and previously known as Transjordania or Trans-Jordania, was a British protectorate established in April 1921.
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Faisal I of Iraq
Faisal I bin Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi (فيصل بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, Fayṣal al-Awwal ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of the Arab Kingdom of Syria or Greater Syria in 1920, and was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 to 1933.
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Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate was an Islamic caliphate that spanned a large area of North Africa, from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west.
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Ghalib ibn Musa'id
Ghālib ibn Musā‘id ibn Sa‘īd (غالب بن مساعد بن سعيد) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1788 to 1813.
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Hajj
The Hajj (حَجّ "pilgrimage") is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims, and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey, and can support their family during their absence.
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Hasan ibn Ali
Al-Ḥasan ibn Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (الحسن ابن علي ابن أبي طالب, 624–670 CE), commonly known as Hasan or Hassan, is the eldest son of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and of Ali, and the older brother to Husayn.
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Hejaz
The Hejaz (اَلْـحِـجَـاز,, literally "the Barrier"), is a region in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia.
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Hejaz Vilayet
The Vilayet of the Hejaz (Wilayat al-Ḥijāz; ولايت حجاز Vilâyet-i Hijaz) refers to the Hejaz region of Arabia when it was administered as a first-level province (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire.
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House of Saud
The House of Saud (Āl Suʻūd) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia.
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Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca
Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi (الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 1853/18544 June 1931) was a Hashemite Arab leader who was the Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and, after proclaiming the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, King of the Hejaz from 1916 to 1924.
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Ibn Saud
Abdulaziz ibn Abdul Rahman ibn Faisal ibn Turki ibn Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al Saud (عبد العزيز بن عبد الرحمن آل سعود,; 15 January 1875 – 9 November 1953), usually known within the Arab world as Abdulaziz and in the West as Ibn Saud, was the first monarch and founder of Saudi Arabia, the "third Saudi state".
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Idris ibn Hasan
Abū ‘Awn Idrīs ibn Ḥasan ibn Abī Numayy (أبو عون إدريس بن حسن بن أبي نمي) was Emir of Mecca and ruler of the Hejaz from 1603 to 1624.
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Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
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Ja'far ibn Sa'id
Ja‘far ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d (جعفر بن سعيد بن سعد; d. 1764/1765) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca in August–September 1759.
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Jeddah
Jeddah (sometimes spelled Jiddah or Jedda;; جدة, Hejazi pronunciation) is a city in the Hijaz Tihamah region on the coast of the Red Sea and is the major urban center of western Saudi Arabia. It is the largest city in Makkah Province, the largest seaport on the Red Sea, and with a population of about four million people, the second-largest city in Saudi Arabia after the capital city, Riyadh. Jeddah is Saudi Arabia's commercial capital. Jeddah is the principal gateway to Mecca and Medina, two of the holiest cities in Islam and popular tourist attractions. Economically, Jeddah is focusing on further developing capital investment in scientific and engineering leadership within Saudi Arabia, and the Middle East. Jeddah was independently ranked fourth in the Africa – Mid-East region in terms of innovation in 2009 in the Innovation Cities Index. Jeddah is one of Saudi Arabia's primary resort cities and was named a Beta world city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC). Given the city's close proximity to the Red Sea, fishing and seafood dominates the food culture unlike other parts of the country. In Arabic, the city's motto is "Jeddah Ghair," which translates to "Jeddah is different." The motto has been widely used among both locals as well as foreign visitors. The city had been previously perceived as the "most open" city in Saudi Arabia.
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Kingdom of Hejaz
The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāzyah Al-Hāshimīyah) was a state in the Hejaz region in the Middle East ruled by the Hashemite dynasty.
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List of Caliphs
This is a list of people who have held the title of Caliph, the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, as the political successors to Muhammad.
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List of Sultans of Brunei
The Sultan of Brunei is the head of state and absolute monarch of Brunei.
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List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
The following is a list of Sunni Muslim dynasties.
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Mamluk
Mamluk (Arabic: مملوك mamlūk (singular), مماليك mamālīk (plural), meaning "property", also transliterated as mamlouk, mamluq, mamluke, mameluk, mameluke, mamaluke or marmeluke) is an Arabic designation for slaves.
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Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
The Mamluk Sultanate (سلطنة المماليك Salṭanat al-Mamālīk) was a medieval realm spanning Egypt, the Levant, and Hejaz.
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Mecca
Mecca or Makkah (مكة is a city in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula, and the plain of Tihamah in Saudi Arabia, and is also the capital and administrative headquarters of the Makkah Region. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level, and south of Medina. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during the Ḥajj (حَـجّ, "Pilgrimage") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhūl-Ḥijjah (ذُو الْـحِـجَّـة). As the birthplace of Muhammad, and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (specifically, a cave from Mecca), Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory for all able Muslims. Mecca is home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site, as well as being the direction of Muslim prayer. Mecca was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the sharifs, acting either as independent rulers or as vassals to larger polities. It was conquered by Ibn Saud in 1925. In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in size and infrastructure, home to structures such as the Abraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, the world's fourth tallest building and the building with the third largest amount of floor area. During this expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the Muslim world,Fattah, Hassan M., The New York Times (20 January 2005). even though non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.
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Medina
Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.
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Muhammad
MuhammadFull name: Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim (ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم, lit: Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim) (مُحمّد;;Classical Arabic pronunciation Latinized as Mahometus c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE)Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition.
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Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha (محمد علی پاشا المسعود بن آغا; محمد علي باشا / ALA-LC: Muḥammad ‘Alī Bāshā; Albanian: Mehmet Ali Pasha; Turkish: Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian commander in the Ottoman army, who rose to the rank of Pasha, and became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan with the Ottomans' temporary approval.
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Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mu'in
Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Mu‘īn ibn ‘Awn (محمد بن عبد المعين بن عون‎; 1767), also known as Muhammad ibn Awn (محمد ابن عون), was Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1827 to 1836, 1840 to 1851, and 1856 to 1858.
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Musa'id ibn Sa'id
Musā‘id ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d (مساعد بن سعيد بن سعد; d. 23 May 1770) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1752 to 1770.
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Najd
Najd or Nejd (نجد, Najd) is a geographical central region of Saudi Arabia, alone accounting for almost a third of the population of the country.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
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Portuguese Gold Coast
The Portuguese Gold Coast was a Portuguese colony on the West African Gold Coast (present day Ghana) on the Gulf of Guinea.
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Qatada ibn Idris
Qatada ibn Idris al-Hasani al-Alawi (قتادة بن إدريس العلوي الحسني, 1130–1220) was the Sharif of Mecca, reigning from 1201 to 1220.
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Red Sea
The Red Sea (also the Erythraean Sea) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
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Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy
Asad al-Dīn Rumaythah ibn Muḥammad Abī Numayy al-Ḥasanī (أسد الدين رميثة بن محمد أبي نمي الحسني) was Emir of Mecca seven times between 1301 and 1345.
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Selim I
Selim I (Ottoman Turkish: سليم اول, Modern Turkish: Birinci Selim; 1470/1 – September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.
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Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Seven Pillars of Wisdom is the autobiographical account of the experiences of British soldier T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia"), while serving as a liaison officer with rebel forces during the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Turks of 1916 to 1918.
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Sharif
Sharif (also transliterated Sharīf or Sherif) / Shareef, Alsharif, Alshareef (شريف), or Chérif (Darija: Chorfa) is a traditional Arab title.
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Sharif Ali
Sharīf ‘Alī ibn ‘Ajlān ibn Rumaithah ibn Muḥammad (الـشـريـف عـلي ابـن عـجـلان ابـن رمـيـثـة ابـن مـحـمـد) (also known as Barkat Ali or Blessed Ali) was the third Sultan of Brunei, and son-in-law of the second Sultan Ahmad. He was also a scholar of Arab descent, originating from Ta'if in the Hejaz.
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Sharifate of Mecca
The Sharifate of Mecca Sharāfa Makka) or Emirate of Mecca was a state, non-sovereign for much of its existence, ruled by the Sharifs of Mecca. A sharif is a descendant of Hasan ibn Ali, Prophet Muhammad's grandson. In Western sources, the prince of Mecca was known as Grand Sherif, but Arabs have always used the appellation "Emir". The Sharifate existed from about 968 to 1925. From 1201, the descendants of the Sharifian patriarch Qutada ruled over Mecca, Medina and the Hejaz in unbroken succession until 1925.
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Sharifian Caliphate
The Sharifian Caliphate (خلافة شريفية) was an Arab caliphate proclaimed by the Sharifian rulers of Hejaz in 1924, in lieu of the Ottoman Caliphate.
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Siege of Medina
Medina, an Islamic holy city in Arabia, underwent a long siege during World War I. Medina was at the time part of the Ottoman Empire.
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Surur ibn Musa'id
Surūr ibn Musā‘id ibn Sa‘īd (سرور بن مساعد بن سعيد) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1773 to 1788.
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T. E. Lawrence
Colonel Thomas Edward Lawrence, (16 August 1888 – 19 May 1935) was a British archaeologist, military officer, diplomat, and writer.
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Yahya ibn Surur
Yaḥyá ibn Surūr ibn Musā‘id (يحيى بن سرور بن مساعد; d.) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1813 to 1827.
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Redirects here:
Ashraf Makah, Emir and Grand Sharif of Mecca, Emir and Sharif of Mecca, Emir of Mecca, Emirs of Mecca, Grand Sharif, Grand Sharif of Mecca, Grand Sherif, Sharif and Emir of Mecca, Sharif of Hejaz, Sharif of Hijaz, Sharifs of Mecca, Sharīf of Mecca, Sherif of Makkah, Sherif of Mecca.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharif_of_Mecca
