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102 relations: Act of Congress, Albert Goldman (politician), Alien and Sedition Acts, Allies of World War II, American Civil Liberties Union, American Jewish Committee, Anarchism, Armistice of 22 June 1940, Bolsheviks, Carl Skoglund, Charles B. Sears, Citizenship of the United States, Claudia Jones, Communism, Communist Party USA, Constitutionality, Contempt of court, Crime, Daily Worker, Democratic Party (United States), Dennis v. United States, Earl G. Harrison, Edward C. Eicher, Elizabeth Dilling, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Espionage Act of 1917, Farrell Dobbs, Fascism, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal government of the United States, Fifth column, Fiorello H. La Guardia, First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Foreign Agents Registration Act, Francis Biddle, Franklin D. Roosevelt, George Sylvester Viereck, Gerald Burton Winrod, Gil Green (politician), Gitlow v. New York, Grace Carlson, Grand jury, Gus Hall, Harry Bridges, Harry DeBoer, Harry S. Truman, Hatch Act of 1939, Henry Winston, Herbert H. Lehman, Howard W. Smith, ..., Immigration Act of 1918, Immigration and Naturalization Service, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, J. Edgar Hoover, James P. Cannon, James True, Joe McWilliams, John Gates, Junius Scales, Lawrence Dennis, Leon Trotsky, Manhattan, Maurice Braverman, McCarran Internal Security Act, McCarthyism, Minneapolis general strike of 1934, Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, O. John Rogge, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., Permanent residence (United States), Prescott Freese Dennett, President of the United States, Proletarian Military Policy, Robert Edward Edmondson, Robert G. Thompson, Robert H. Jackson, Roger Nash Baldwin, Scales v. United States, Sedition Act of 1918, Solicitor General of the United States, Spanish Civil War, Supreme Court of the United States, Taylor v. Mississippi, Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, Title 8 of the United States Code, Tom C. Clark, Ulrich Fleischhauer, United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, United States Department of Justice, United States Department of Labor, United States House Committee on the Judiciary, United States House of Representatives, United States Senate, United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Virginia, Washington, D.C., Watkins v. United States, William Dudley Pelley, Works Progress Administration, World War II, Yates v. United States, 76th United States Congress. Expand index (52 more) »
Act of Congress
An Act of Congress is a statute enacted by the United States Congress.
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Albert Goldman (politician)
Albert Goldman (1897–1960) was a Belorussian-born American political and civil rights lawyer, closely associated with the American communist movement.
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Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed by the Federalist-dominated 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798.
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Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).
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American Civil Liberties Union
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonprofit organization whose stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States." Officially nonpartisan, the organization has been supported and criticized by liberal and conservative organizations alike.
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American Jewish Committee
American Jewish Committee (AJC) is a Jewish advocacy group established on November 11, 1906.
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Anarchism
Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies based on voluntary institutions.
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Armistice of 22 June 1940
The Armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed at 18:36.
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Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (p; derived from bol'shinstvo (большинство), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority"), were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
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Carl Skoglund
Carl Skoglund (1884—December 11, 1960) was a Swedish-American socialist, affectionately called Skogie by all his American friends and comrades.
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Charles B. Sears
Charles Brown Sears (October 16, 1870 Brooklyn, Kings County, New York – December 17, 1950 Buffalo, Erie County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
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Citizenship of the United States
Citizenship of the United States is a status that entails specific rights, duties and benefits.
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Claudia Jones
Claudia Jones, née Claudia Vera Cumberbatch (21 February 1915 – 24 December 1964), was a Trinidad-born journalist and activist.
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Communism
In political and social sciences, communism (from Latin communis, "common, universal") is the philosophical, social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose ultimate goal is the establishment of the communist society, which is a socioeconomic order structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money and the state.
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Communist Party USA
The Communist Party USA (CPUSA) is a communist political party in the United States established in 1919 after a split in the Socialist Party of America.
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Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable constitution.
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Contempt of court
Contempt of court, often referred to simply as "contempt", is the offense of being disobedient to or discourteous toward a court of law and its officers in the form of behavior that opposes or defies the authority, justice and dignity of the court.
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Crime
In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.
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Daily Worker
The Daily Worker was a newspaper published in New York City by the Communist Party USA, a formerly Comintern-affiliated organization.
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Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).
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Dennis v. United States
Dennis v. United States,, was a United States Supreme Court case relating to Eugene Dennis, General Secretary of the Communist Party USA.
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Earl G. Harrison
Earl Grant Harrison (April 27, 1899 – July 28, 1955) was an American attorney, academician, and public servant.
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Edward C. Eicher
Edward Clayton Eicher (December 16, 1878 – November 29, 1944) was a three-term congressman, federal securities regulator, and U.S. District Court judge during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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Elizabeth Dilling
Elizabeth Eloise Kirkpatrick Dilling (April 19, 1894 – May 26, 1966) was an American writer and political activist.
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Elizabeth Gurley Flynn
Elizabeth Gurley Flynn (August 7, 1890 – September 5, 1964) was a labor leader, activist, and feminist who played a leading role in the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
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Espionage Act of 1917
The Espionage Act of 1917 is a United States federal law passed on June 15, 1917, shortly after the U.S. entry into World War I. It has been amended numerous times over the years.
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Farrell Dobbs
Farrell Dobbs (July 25, 1907 – October 31, 1983) was an American Trotskyist, trade unionist, politician, and historian.
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Fascism
Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultranationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.
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Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.
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Federal government of the United States
The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.
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Fifth column
A fifth column is any group of people who undermine a larger group from within, usually in favour of an enemy group or nation.
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Fiorello H. La Guardia
Fiorello Henry La Guardia (born Fiorello Enrico La Guardia) (December 11, 1882September 20, 1947) was an American politician.
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First Amendment to the United States Constitution
The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances.
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Foreign Agents Registration Act
The Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA) is a United States law passed in 1938 requiring that agents representing the interests of foreign powers in a "political or quasi-political capacity" disclose their relationship with the foreign government and information about related activities and finances.
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Francis Biddle
Francis Beverley Biddle (May 19, 1886October 4, 1968) was an American lawyer and judge who was Attorney General of the United States during World War II and who served as the primary American judge during the postwar Nuremberg trials.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr. (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.
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George Sylvester Viereck
George Sylvester Viereck (December 31, 1884 – March 18, 1962) was a German-American poet, writer, and pro-Nazi propagandist.
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Gerald Burton Winrod
Gerald Burton Winrod (March 7, 1900 – November 11, 1957) was a pro-Nazi and antisemitic evangelist, author, and political activist.
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Gil Green (politician)
Gil Green (1906–1997) was a leading figure in the Communist Party of the United States of America until 1991.
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Gitlow v. New York
Gitlow v. New York,, was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution had extended the reach of certain limitations on federal government authority set forth in the First Amendment—specifically the provisions protecting freedom of speech and freedom of the press—to the governments of the individual states.
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Grace Carlson
Grace Holmes Carlson (November 13, 1906 – July 7, 1992) was an American Marxist politician.
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Grand jury
A grand jury is a legal body empowered to conduct official proceedings and investigate potential criminal conduct, and determine whether criminal charges should be brought.
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Gus Hall
Gus Hall (born Arvo Kustaa Halberg; October 8, 1910 – October 13, 2000) was a leader and chairman of the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) and its four-time U.S. presidential candidate.
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Harry Bridges
Harry Bridges (July 28, 1901 – March 30, 1990) was an Australian-born American union leader, first with the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA). In 1937, he led several chapters in forming a new union, the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU), expanding members to workers in warehouses, and led it for the next 40 years. He was prosecuted for his labor organizing and believed subversive status by the U.S. government during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, with the goal of deportation. This was never achieved. Bridges became a naturalized citizen in 1945. His conviction by a federal jury for having lied about his Communist Party membership when seeking naturalization was overturned by the Supreme Court in 1953 as having been prosecuted untimely, outside the statute of limitations. His official power was reduced when the ILWU was expelled by the CIO in 1950, but he continued to be re-elected by the California membership and was highly influential until his retirement in 1977.
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Harry DeBoer
Harry DeBoer (1903–1992) was an American labor militant and Trotskyist.
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Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was an American statesman who served as the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), taking office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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Hatch Act of 1939
The Hatch Act of 1939, officially An Act to Prevent Pernicious Political Activities, is a United States federal law whose main provision prohibits employees in the executive branch of the federal government, except the president, vice-president, and certain designated high-level officials, from engaging in some forms of political activity.
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Henry Winston
Henry M. Winston (2 April 191113 December 1986) was an African-American political leader and Marxist civil rights activist.
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Herbert H. Lehman
Herbert Henry Lehman (March 28, 1878 – December 5, 1963) was a Democratic Party politician from New York.
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Howard W. Smith
Howard Worth Smith (February 2, 1883 – October 3, 1976) was an American politician.
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Immigration Act of 1918
The United States Immigration Act of 1918 (ch. 186) was enacted on October 16, 1918.
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Immigration and Naturalization Service
The United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was an agency of the U.S. Department of Labor from 1933 to 1940 and the U.S. Department of Justice from 1940 to 2003. Referred to by some as former INS and by others as legacy INS, the agency ceased to exist under that name on March 1, 2003, when most of its functions were transferred to three new entities – U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) – within the newly created Department of Homeland Security, as part of a major government reorganization following the September 11 attacks of 2001. Prior to 1933, there were separate offices administering immigration and naturalization matters, known as the Bureau of Immigration and the Bureau of Naturalization, respectively. The INS was established on June 10, 1933, merging these previously separate areas of administration. In 1890, the federal government, rather than the individual states, regulated immigration into the United States, and the Immigration Act of 1891 established a Commissioner of Immigration in the Treasury Department. Reflecting changing governmental concerns, immigration was transferred to the purview of the United States Department of Commerce and Labor after 1903 and the Department of Labor after 1913. In 1940, with increasing concern about national security, immigration and naturalization was organized under the authority of the Department of Justice. In 2003 the administration of immigration services, including permanent residence, naturalization, asylum, and other functions, became the responsibility of the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (BCIS), which existed under that name only for a short time before changing to its current name, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). The investigative and enforcement functions of the INS (including investigations, deportation, and intelligence) were combined with the U.S. Customs investigators to create U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). The border functions of the INS, which included the Border Patrol and INS Inspectors, were combined with U.S. Customs Inspectors to create U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
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International Brotherhood of Teamsters
The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) is a labor union in the United States and Canada.
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J. Edgar Hoover
John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an American law enforcement administrator and the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the United States.
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James P. Cannon
James Patrick "Jim" Cannon (February 11, 1890 – August 21, 1974) was an American Trotskyist and a leader of the Socialist Workers Party.
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James True
James B. True Jr. (July 1, 1880 – September 1946) was a critic of the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR).
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Joe McWilliams
Joseph Elsberry "Joe" McWilliams (1904 – 1996) was an American right-wing political figure of the 1940s, and the principal defendant in the federal Smith Act sedition trial of 1944.
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John Gates
John "Johnny" Gates, born Solomon Regenstreif (1913–1992) was an American Communist journalist, best remembered as one of the individuals spearheading a failed attempt at liberalization of the Communist Party USA in 1957.
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Junius Scales
Junius Scales (March 26, 1920 – August 5, 2002) was an American leader of the Communist Party of the United States of America notable for his arrest and conviction under the Smith Act in the 1950s.
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Lawrence Dennis
Lawrence Dennis (December 25, 1893 – August 20, 1977) was an American diplomat, consultant and author.
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Leon Trotsky
Leon Trotsky (born Lev Davidovich Bronstein; – 21 August 1940) was a Russian revolutionary, theorist, and Soviet politician.
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Manhattan
Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.
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Maurice Braverman
Maurice Braverman (1916–2002) was a 20th-century American civil rights lawyer and some-time Communist Party member (and Party lawyer) who was convicted in 1952 under the Smith Act, served 28 of 36 months, then immediately faced disbarment, against which he fought in the 1970s and won reinstatement in Maryland (1974) and federal courts (1975).
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McCarran Internal Security Act
The Internal Security Act of 1950, (Public Law 81-831), also known as the Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950 or the McCarran Act, after its principal sponsor Sen.
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McCarthyism
McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence.
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Minneapolis general strike of 1934
The Minneapolis general strike of 1934 grew out of a strike by Teamsters against most of the trucking companies operating in Minneapolis, the major distribution center for the Upper Midwest.
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Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi–Soviet Pact,Charles Peters (2005), Five Days in Philadelphia: The Amazing "We Want Willkie!" Convention of 1940 and How It Freed FDR to Save the Western World, New York: PublicAffairs, Ch.
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O. John Rogge
Oetje John Rogge (October 12, 1903 – March 22, 1981) was an American attorney who prosecuted cases for the United States government, investigated Nazi activities in the United States, and in private practice was associated with civil rights and left-wing political causes.
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Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (March 8, 1841 – March 6, 1935) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932, and as Acting Chief Justice of the United States from January–February 1930.
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Permanent residence (United States)
United States lawful permanent residency, informally known as having a green card, is the immigration status of a person authorized to live and work in the United States of America permanently.
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Prescott Freese Dennett
Prescott Freese Dennett (1907–1992) was one of 30 people indicted for sedition for sympathizing with the Axis powers, in his case Nazi Germany, and tried in Washington in 1944.
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President of the United States
The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.
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Proletarian Military Policy
The Proletarian Military Policy was a policy adopted by the Fourth International in response to World War II.
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Robert Edward Edmondson
Robert Edward Edmondson (1872 in Dayton, Ohio – 1959) was an anti-Jewish pamphleteer and a defendant in the Great Sedition Trial of 1944.
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Robert G. Thompson
Robert George Thompson (21 June 1915 in Grants Pass, Oregon – 16 October 1965 in New York City), was a distinguished US soldier who was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (United States) during World War II but was later jailed for several years for his communist sympathies.
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Robert H. Jackson
Robert Houghwout Jackson (February 13, 1892 – October 9, 1954) was an American attorney and judge who served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
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Roger Nash Baldwin
Roger Nash Baldwin (January 21, 1884 – August 26, 1981) was one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).
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Scales v. United States
Scales v. United States,, was a 1960 decision of the United States Supreme Court that upheld the conviction of Junius Scales for violating of the Smith Act on the basis on his membership in the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA).
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Sedition Act of 1918
The Sedition Act of 1918 was an Act of the United States Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses, notably speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds.
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Solicitor General of the United States
The United States Solicitor General is the fourth-highest-ranking official in the U.S. Department of Justice.
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Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española),Also known as The Crusade (La Cruzada) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War (Cuarta Guerra Carlista) among Carlists, and The Rebellion (La Rebelión) or Uprising (Sublevación) among Republicans.
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Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.
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Taylor v. Mississippi
Taylor v. Mississippi, 319 U.S. 583 (1943), was a case involving three Jehovah's Witnesses in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that criminal sanction cannot be imposed for communication that has not been shown to have been done with an evil or sinister purpose, to have advocated or incited subversive action against the nation or state, or to have threatened any clear and present danger to our institutions or our government.
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Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse
The Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse is a Classical Revival courthouse located at 40 Centre Street on Foley Square in the Civic Center neighborhood of lower Manhattan in New York City.
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Title 8 of the United States Code
Title 8 of the United States Code outlines the role of aliens and nationality in the United States Code.
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Tom C. Clark
Thomas Campbell Clark (September 23, 1899June 13, 1977), who preferred Tom C. Clark, was a Texas lawyer who served as the 59th United States Attorney General from 1945 to 1949.
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Ulrich Fleischhauer
Ulrich Fleischhauer (14 July 1876 – 20 October 1960) (Pseudonyms Ulrich Bodung, and Israel Fryman) was a leading publisher of antisemitic books and news articles reporting on a perceived Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory and "nefarious plots" by clandestine Jewish interests to dominate the world.
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (in case citations, 8th Cir.) is a United States federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the following United States district courts.
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United States Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government, responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice in the United States, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries. The department was formed in 1870 during the Ulysses S. Grant administration. The Department of Justice administers several federal law enforcement agencies including the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The department is responsible for investigating instances of financial fraud, representing the United States government in legal matters (such as in cases before the Supreme Court), and running the federal prison system. The department is also responsible for reviewing the conduct of local law enforcement as directed by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The department is headed by the United States Attorney General, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Attorney General is Jeff Sessions.
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United States Department of Labor
The United States Department of Labor (DOL) is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government responsible for occupational safety, wage and hour standards, unemployment insurance benefits, reemployment services, and some economic statistics; many U.S. states also have such departments.
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United States House Committee on the Judiciary
The U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
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United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.
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United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.
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United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, informally the Senate Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of 21 U.S. Senators whose role is to oversee the Department of Justice (DOJ), consider executive nominations, and review pending legislation.
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Virginia
Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.
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Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.
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Watkins v. United States
Watkins v. United States, 354 U.S. 178 (1957), is a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that held that the power of the United States Congress is not unlimited in conducting investigations and that nothing in the US Constitution gives it the authority to expose individuals' private affairs.
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William Dudley Pelley
William Dudley Pelley (March 12, 1890 – June 30, 1965) was an American writer, spiritualist and fascist political activist.
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Works Progress Administration
The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was the largest and most ambitious American New Deal agency, employing millions of people (mostly unskilled men) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Yates v. United States
Yates v. United States,, was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States that held that the First Amendment protected radical and reactionary speech, unless it posed a "clear and present danger.".
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76th United States Congress
The Seventy-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.
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Redirects here:
Alien Registration (Smith) Act, Alien Registration Act, Alien Registration Act of 1940, Communist Registration Act, Communist Registration Bill, Communist registration, Communist registration act, First Smith Act trial, Great Sedition Trial, Great Sedition Trial of 1944, Smith Act (Minneapolis), Smith Act legal proceedings, Smith Act of 1940.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Act
