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85 relations: Alloparenting, American bison, Animal, Ant, Austroplatypus incompertus, Bee, Beetle, Bert Hölldobler, Blattodea, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Caste, Charles Duncan Michener, Collectivism, Courtship, Crustacean, Damaraland mole-rat, Division of labour, E. O. Wilson, Elsevier, Entomology, Eusociality, Evolutionary pressure, Family, Family (biology), Group cohesiveness, Group selection, Harvard University Press, Hemiptera, Home range, Human, Hymenoptera, Inbreeding, Inbreeding avoidance, Individualism, Insect, Interdependence, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, International Union for the Study of Social Insects, Invertebrate, Ithaca, New York, Jaguar, Larva, Lemur, Loris, Madagascar, Mating, Mouse lemur, Naked mole-rat, Natural selection, Nest, ..., Nesting instinct, Nocturnality, Offspring, Orangutan, Overlapping generations, Pack (canine), Parasitism, Parental investment, Pemphigus spyrothecae, Ploidy, Population, Predation, Primate, Prosocial behavior, Reciprocal altruism, Reef, Reproduction, Resource, Sawfly, Social behavior, Social capital, Social group, Sociality, Society, Solitary animal, Sponge, Stigmergy, Strepsirrhini, Synalpheus regalis, Tarsier, Taxon, Termite, Thrips, Vespidae, Wasp. Expand index (35 more) »
Alloparenting
Alloparenting (also referred to as alloparental care) is a term used to classify any form of parental care provided by an individual towards a non-descendent young.
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American bison
The American bison or simply bison (Bison bison), also commonly known as the American buffalo or simply buffalo, is a North American species of bison that once roamed the grasslands of North America in massive herds.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Ant
Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera.
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Austroplatypus incompertus
Austroplatypus incompertus is a species of ambrosia beetle belonging to the weevil family, native to Australia, with a verified distribution in New South Wales and Victoria.
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Bee
Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.
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Beetle
Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota.
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Bert Hölldobler
Bert Hölldobler (born 25 June 1936) is a German sociobiologist and evolutionary biologist who studies evolution and social organization in ants.
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Blattodea
Blattodea is an order of insects that contains cockroaches and termites.
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Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, and part of the Boston metropolitan area.
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Caste
Caste is a form of social stratification characterized by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle which often includes an occupation, status in a hierarchy, customary social interaction, and exclusion.
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Charles Duncan Michener
Charles Duncan Michener (September 22, 1918 – November 1, 2015) was an American entomologist born in Pasadena, California.
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Collectivism
Collectivism is a cultural value that is characterized by emphasis on cohesiveness among individuals and prioritization of the group over self.
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Courtship
Courtship is the period of development towards an intimate relationship wherein people (usually a couple) get to know each other and decide if there will be an engagement or other romantic arrangement.
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Crustacean
Crustaceans (Crustacea) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, woodlice, and barnacles.
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Damaraland mole-rat
The Damaraland mole-rat, Damara mole rat, or Damaraland blesmol (Fukomys damarensis) is a burrowing rodent found in southern Africa.
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Division of labour
The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialize.
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E. O. Wilson
Edward Osborne Wilson (born June 10, 1929), usually cited as E. O. Wilson, is an American biologist, researcher, theorist, naturalist and author.
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Elsevier
Elsevier is an information and analytics company and one of the world's major providers of scientific, technical, and medical information.
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Entomology
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.
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Eusociality
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ eu "good" and social), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups.
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Evolutionary pressure
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a portion of a population potentially exerts evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure.
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Family
Every person has his/her own family.mother reproduces with husband for children.In the context of human society, a family (from familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth), affinity (by marriage or other relationship), or co-residence (as implied by the etymology of the English word "family" from Latin familia 'family servants, domestics collectively, the servants in a household,' thus also 'members of a household, the estate, property; the household, including relatives and servants,' abstract noun formed from famulus 'servant, slave ') or some combination of these.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Group cohesiveness
Group cohesiveness (also called group cohesion and social cohesion) arises when bonds link members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole.
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Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection acts at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.
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Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.
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Hemiptera
The Hemiptera or true bugs are an order of insects comprising some 50,000 to 80,000 species of groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, and shield bugs.
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Home range
A home range is the area in which an animal lives and moves on a periodic basis.
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Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
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Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants.
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Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.
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Inbreeding avoidance
Inbreeding avoidance, or the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis, is a concept in evolutionary biology that refers to the prevention of the deleterious effects of inbreeding.
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Individualism
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual.
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Insect
Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum.
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Interdependence
Interdependence is the mutual reliance between two or more groups.
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International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences
The International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, originally edited by Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, is a 26-volume work published by Elsevier.
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International Union for the Study of Social Insects
The International Union for the Study of Social Insects has at its purpose to promote and encourage the study of social insects and other social organisms in the broadest sense.
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Invertebrate
Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord.
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Ithaca, New York
Ithaca is a city in the Finger Lakes region of New York.
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Jaguar
The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a wild cat species and the only extant member of the genus Panthera native to the Americas.
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Larva
A larva (plural: larvae) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults.
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Lemur
Lemurs are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar.
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Loris
Loris is the common name for the strepsirrhine primates of the subfamily Lorinae (sometimes spelled Lorisinae) in the family Lorisidae.
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Madagascar
Madagascar (Madagasikara), officially the Republic of Madagascar (Repoblikan'i Madagasikara; République de Madagascar), and previously known as the Malagasy Republic, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa.
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Mating
In biology, mating (or mateing in British English) is the pairing of either opposite-sex or hermaphroditic organisms, usually for the purposes of sexual reproduction.
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Mouse lemur
The mouse lemurs are nocturnal lemurs of the genus Microcebus.
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Naked mole-rat
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), also known as the sand puppy, is a burrowing rodent native to parts of East Africa.
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Natural selection
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.
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Nest
A nest is a structure built by certain animals to hold eggs, offspring, and, occasionally, the animal itself.
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Nesting instinct
Nesting behaviour refers to an instinct or urge in pregnant animals caused by the increase of estradiol (E2) to prepare a home for the upcoming newborn(s).
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Nocturnality
Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day.
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Offspring
In biology, offspring are the young born of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms.
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Orangutan
The orangutans (also spelled orang-utan, orangutang, or orang-utang) are three extant species of great apes native to Indonesia and Malaysia.
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Overlapping generations
In population genetics overlapping generations refers to mating systems where more than one breeding generation is present at any one time.
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Pack (canine)
Pack is a social group of conspecific canids.
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Parasitism
In evolutionary biology, parasitism is a relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or in another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
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Parental investment
Parental investment (PI), in evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology, is any parental expenditure (time, energy, etc.) that benefits one offspring at a cost to parents' ability to invest in other components of fitness,Clutton-Brock, T.H. 1991.
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Pemphigus spyrothecae
Pemphigus spyrothecae, or the poplar spiral gall aphid, is a social insect which exhibits apparent altruistic behaviors.
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Ploidy
Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes.
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Population
In biology, a population is all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding.
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Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).
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Primate
A primate is a mammal of the order Primates (Latin: "prime, first rank").
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Prosocial behavior
Prosocial behavior, or "voluntary behavior intended to benefit another", is a social behavior that "benefit other people or society as a whole", "such as helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering".
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Reciprocal altruism
In evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism is a behaviour whereby an organism acts in a manner that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing another organism's fitness, with the expectation that the other organism will act in a similar manner at a later time.
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Reef
A reef is a bar of rock, sand, coral or similar material, lying beneath the surface of water.
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Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parents".
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Resource
A resource is a source or supply from which a benefit is produced.
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Sawfly
Sawflies are the insects of the suborder Symphyta within the order Hymenoptera alongside ants, bees and wasps.
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Social behavior
Social behavior is behavior among two or more organisms, typically from the same species.
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Social capital
Social capital is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central; transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust, and cooperation; and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good.
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Social group
In the social sciences, a social group has been defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity.
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Sociality
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (Gregariousness) and form cooperative societies.
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Society
A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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Solitary animal
Solitary animals are those that spend a majority of their lives without others of their species, with possible exceptions for mating and raising their young.
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Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (meaning "pore bearer"), are a basal Metazoa clade as sister of the Diploblasts.
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Stigmergy
Stigmergy is a consensus social network mechanism of indirect coordination, through the environment, between agents or actions.
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Strepsirrhini
Strepsirrhini or Strepsirhini is a suborder of primates that includes the lemuriform primates, which consist of the lemurs of Madagascar, galagos, ("bushbabies") and pottos from Africa, and the lorises from India and southeast Asia.
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Synalpheus regalis
Synalpheus regalis is a species of snapping shrimp that commonly live in sponges in the coral reefs along the tropical West Atlantic.
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Tarsier
Tarsiers are any haplorrhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes.
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Taxon
In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
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Termite
Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea.
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Thrips
Thrips (order Thysanoptera) are minute (most are 1 mm long or less), slender insects with fringed wings and unique asymmetrical mouthparts.
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Vespidae
The Vespidae are a large (nearly 5000 species), diverse, cosmopolitan family of wasps, including nearly all the known eusocial wasps (such as Polistes fuscatus, Vespa orientalis, and Vespula germanica) and many solitary wasps.
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Wasp
A wasp is any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant.
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Animal sociality, Communal animal, Gregarious, Gregarious behavior, Gregarious behaviour, Gregariousness, Parasociality, Presocial, Presociality, Quasisocial, Quasisociality, Semisocial, Semisociality, Social animal, Social animals, Social behaviour in animals, Social living, Social mammals, Solitary but social, Subsocial, Subsociality.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociality
