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149 relations: Active transport, Adrenergic receptor, Allyl group, Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, Anorectic, Anorexia nervosa, Anorgasmia, Antidepressant, Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, Antimycobacterial, Anxiety, Anxiety disorder, Aromaticity, Atomoxetine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autoreceptor, Bioavailability, Biological half-life, Biology of depression, Blood–brain barrier, Bulimia nervosa, Cardiac muscle, Cardiotoxicity, Catecholamine, Central nervous system, Cerebral cortex, Coma, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Cyclobenzaprine, Cytochrome P450, Depression (mood), Desensitization (medicine), Desvenlafaxine, Dextromethorphan, Dextropropoxyphene, Dextrorotation and levorotation, Diabetic neuropathy, Dopamine, Dorsal raphe nucleus, Drug, Drug withdrawal, Duloxetine, Enzyme, Epileptic seizure, Escitalopram, Extracellular, Fenfluramine/phentermine, Fibromyalgia, Fluoxetine, ..., Food and Drug Administration, Frontal lobe, Generalized anxiety disorder, Germany, Half-life, Hepatitis, Histamine H1 receptor, Hypericum perforatum, Hypertension, Hyperthermia, Hypotension, Imipramine, Iproniazid, Levomilnacipran, Lipophilicity, List of withdrawn drugs, Locus coeruleus, Low back pain, Major depressive disorder, Mechanism of action, Membrane transport protein, Menopause, Metabolism, Microglia, Milnacipran, Molecular mass, Monoamine oxidase, Monoamine oxidase inhibitor, Monoamine releasing agent, Monoamine reuptake inhibitor, Morpholine, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, Myalgia, Nefazodone, Negative feedback, Neuropathic pain, Neurotransmission, Neurotransmitter, Norepinephrine, Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Norepinephrine transporter, Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor, Obesity, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Opioid, Osteoarthritis, Pain, Panic disorder, Paroxetine, Pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, Pethidine, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacophore, Phenethylamine, Phenyl group, Phosphorylation, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Primary metabolite, Psychoactive drug, Psychopharmacology, Racemic mixture, Reuptake, Reuptake inhibitor, Second-generation antidepressant, Secondary metabolite, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin, Serotonin syndrome, Serotonin transporter, Serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent, Sibutramine, Side effect, Smooth muscle tissue, Social anxiety disorder, Sodium channel, Somnolence, Spinal cord, Statistical significance, Stereochemistry, Stress incontinence, Substituent, Sulfur, Synapse, Syncope (medicine), Tachycardia, Tegmentum, Toxicity, Tramadol, Tricyclic antidepressant, Tryptophan, Tuberculosis, Tyrosine hydroxylase, United States, Venlafaxine, Vomiting, Weight loss, WY-46824, Wyeth. Expand index (99 more) »
Active transport
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration—in the direction against the concentration gradient.
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Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines, especially norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline).
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Allyl group
An allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula H2C.
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Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
The alpha-1 (α1) adrenergic receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gq heterotrimeric G-protein.
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Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
The alpha-2 (α2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein.
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Anorectic
An anorectic or anorexic is a drug which reduces appetite, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to weight loss.
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Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa, often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder characterized by low weight, fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin, resulting in food restriction.
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Anorgasmia
Anorgasmia, or Coughlan's syndrome, is a type of sexual dysfunction in which a person cannot achieve orgasm despite adequate stimulation.
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Antidepressant
Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions, including dysthymia, anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, eating disorders, chronic pain, neuropathic pain and, in some cases, dysmenorrhoea, snoring, migraine, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), addiction, dependence, and sleep disorders.
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Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome is a condition that can occur following the interruption, dose reduction, or discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
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Antimycobacterial
An antimycobacterial is a type of medication used to treat Mycobacteria infections.
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Anxiety
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behaviour such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination.
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Anxiety disorder
Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.
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Aromaticity
In organic chemistry, the term aromaticity is used to describe a cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) molecule with a ring of resonance bonds that exhibits more stability than other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.
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Atomoxetine
Atomoxetine, sold under the brand name Strattera among others, is a norepinephrine (noradrenaline) reuptake inhibitor which is approved for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder of the neurodevelopmental type.
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Autoreceptor
An autoreceptor is a type of receptor located in the membranes of presynaptic nerve cells.
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Bioavailability
In pharmacology, bioavailability (BA or F) is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs.
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Biological half-life
The biological half-life of a biological substance is the time it takes for half to be removed by biological processes when the rate of removal is roughly exponential.
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Biology of depression
Scientific studies have found that numerous brain areas show altered activity in patients suffering from depression, and this has encouraged advocates of various theories that seek to identify a biochemical origin of the disease, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes.
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Blood–brain barrier
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable membrane barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid in the central nervous system (CNS).
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Bulimia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa, also known as simply bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging.
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Cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is one of the three major types of muscle, the others being skeletal and smooth muscle.
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Cardiotoxicity
Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart electrophysiology dysfunction or muscle damage.
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Catecholamine
A catecholamine (CA) is a monoamine, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups at carbons 1 and 2) and a side-chain amine.
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Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
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Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex is the largest region of the cerebrum in the mammalian brain and plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.
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Coma
Coma is a state of unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awaken; fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound; lacks a normal wake-sleep cycle; and does not initiate voluntary actions.
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Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger important in many biological processes.
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Cyclobenzaprine
Cyclobenzaprine, sold under the brand name Flexeril among others, is a muscle relaxer medication used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms and associated pain in acute musculoskeletal conditions.
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Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are proteins of the superfamily containing heme as a cofactor and, therefore, are hemoproteins.
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Depression (mood)
Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, tendencies, feelings, and sense of well-being.
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Desensitization (medicine)
In medicine, desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus.
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Desvenlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine (brand name: Pristiq, Desfax, Ellefore), also known as O-desmethylvenlafaxine, is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class developed and marketed by Wyeth (now part of Pfizer).
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Dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan (DXM or DM) is a drug of the morphinan class with sedative, dissociative, and stimulant properties (at higher doses).
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Dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company.
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Dextrorotation and levorotation
Dextrorotation and levorotation (also spelled as laevorotation)The first word component dextro- comes from Latin word for dexter "right (as opposed to left)".
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Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathies are nerve damaging disorders associated with diabetes mellitus.
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Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body.
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Dorsal raphe nucleus
The dorsal raphe nucleus is located on the midline of the brainstem and is part of the raphe nucleus, consisting of the rostral and caudal subdivisions.
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Drug
A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.
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Drug withdrawal
Drug withdrawal is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
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Duloxetine
Duloxetine, sold under the brand name Cymbalta among others, is a medication mostly used for major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Epileptic seizure
An epileptic seizure is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
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Escitalopram
Escitalopram, sold under the brand names Cipralex and Lexapro among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.
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Extracellular
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word extracellular (or sometimes extracellular space) means "outside the cell".
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Fenfluramine/phentermine
The drug combination fenfluramine/phentermine, usually called fen-phen, was an anti-obesity treatment that utilized two anorectics.
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Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a medical condition characterised by chronic widespread pain and a heightened pain response to pressure.
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Fluoxetine
Fluoxetine, also known by trade names Prozac and Sarafem, among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.
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Food and Drug Administration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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Frontal lobe
The frontal lobe, located at the front of the brain, is the largest of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the mammalian brain.
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Generalized anxiety disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry, that is, apprehensive expectation about events or activities.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Half-life
Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.
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Hepatitis
Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.
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Histamine H1 receptor
The H1 receptor is a histamine receptor belonging to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors.
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Hypericum perforatum
Hypericum perforatum, known as perforate St John's-wort, common Saint John's wort and St John's wort, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae.
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Hypertension
Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
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Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia is elevated body temperature due to failed thermoregulation that occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates.
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Hypotension
Hypotension is low blood pressure, especially in the arteries of the systemic circulation.
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Imipramine
Imipramine, sold under the brand name Tofranil among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) which is used mainly in the treatment of depression.
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Iproniazid
Iproniazid (Marsilid, Rivivol, Euphozid, Iprazid, Ipronid, Ipronin) is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class.
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Levomilnacipran
Levomilnacipran (brand name Fetzima) is an antidepressant which was approved in the United States in 2013 for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults.
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Lipophilicity
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly"), refers to the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.
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List of withdrawn drugs
Drugs or medicines may be withdrawn from commercial markets because of risks to patients, but also because of commercial reasons (e.g. lack of demand and relatively high production costs).
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Locus coeruleus
The locus coeruleus (\-si-ˈrü-lē-əs\, also spelled locus caeruleus or locus ceruleus) is a nucleus in the pons of the brainstem involved with physiological responses to stress and panic.
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Low back pain
Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.
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Major depressive disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations.
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Mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect.
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Membrane transport protein
A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, or macromolecules, such as another protein, across a biological membrane.
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Menopause
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time in most women's lives when menstrual periods stop permanently, and they are no longer able to bear children.
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Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms.
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Microglia
Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord.
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Milnacipran
Milnacipran (trade names Ixel, Savella, Dalcipran, Toledomin) is a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used in the clinical treatment of fibromyalgia. It is not approved for the clinical treatment of major depressive disorder in the USA, but it is in other countries.
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Molecular mass
Relative Molecular mass or molecular weight is the mass of a molecule.
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Monoamine oxidase
L-Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines.
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Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of one or both monoamine oxidase enzymes: monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B).
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Monoamine releasing agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of a monoamine neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter.
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Monoamine reuptake inhibitor
A monoamine reuptake inhibitor (MRI) is a drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor of one or more of the three major monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine by blocking the action of one or more of the respective monoamine transporters (MATs), which include the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and dopamine transporter (DAT).
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Morpholine
Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
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Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, or mAChRs, are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells.
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Myalgia
Myalgia, or muscle pain, is a symptom of many diseases and disorders.
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Nefazodone
Nefazodone, sold formerly under the brand names Serzone, Dutonin, and Nefadar among others, is an atypical antidepressant which was first marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb in 1994 but has since largely been discontinued.
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Negative feedback
Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
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Neuropathic pain
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system.
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Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission (Latin: transmissio "passage, crossing" from transmittere "send, let through"), also called synaptic transmission, is the process by which signaling molecules called neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal of a neuron (the presynaptic neuron), and bind to and activate the receptors on the dendrites of another neuron (the postsynaptic neuron).
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Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
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Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter.
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Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
A norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI, NERI) or adrenergic reuptake inhibitor (ARI), is a type of drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET).
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Norepinephrine transporter
The norepinephrine transporter (NET), also known as solute carrier family 6 member 2 (SLC6A2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A2 gene.
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Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
A norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) is a drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the dopamine transporter (DAT), respectively.
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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Obsessive–compulsive disorder
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder where people feel the need to check things repeatedly, perform certain routines repeatedly (called "rituals"), or have certain thoughts repeatedly (called "obsessions").
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Opioid
Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.
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Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone.
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Pain
Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.
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Panic disorder
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by reoccurring unexpected panic attacks.
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Paroxetine
Paroxetine, also known by trade names including Paxil and Seroxat among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It has also been used in the treatment of hot flashes and night sweats associated with menopause. It has a similar tolerability profile to other SSRIs. The common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, loss of appetite, sweating, trouble sleeping and delayed ejaculation. It may also be associated with a slightly increased risk of birth defects. The rate of withdrawal symptoms in young people may be higher with paroxetine and venlafaxine than other SSRIs and SNRIs. Several studies have associated paroxetine with suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents. Marketing of the drug began in 1992 by the pharmaceutical company SmithKline Beecham, known since 2000 as GlaxoSmithKline. Generic formulations have been available since 2003 when the patent expired. The United States Department of Justice fined GlaxoSmithKline $3 billion in 2012, including a sum for withholding data on paroxetine, unlawfully promoting it for under-18s and preparing an article, following one of its clinical trials, study 329, that misleadingly reported the drug was effective in treating adolescent depression.
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Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of a disease is the biological mechanism (or mechanisms) that leads to the diseased state.
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Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology or physiopathology is a convergence of pathology with physiology.
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Pethidine
Pethidine, also known as meperidine and sold under the brand name Demerol among others, is a synthetic opioid pain medication of the phenylpiperidine class.
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Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered to a living organism.
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Pharmacophore
An example of a pharmacophore model. A pharmacophore is an abstract description of molecular features that are necessary for molecular recognition of a ligand by a biological macromolecule.
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Phenethylamine
Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans.
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Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group or phenyl ring is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5.
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Phosphorylation
In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)Acceptable variants of this term exist; see the Terminology section in this article.
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Primary metabolite
A primary metabolite is a kind of metabolite that is directly involved in normal growth, development, and reproduction.
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Psychoactive drug
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior.
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Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology (from Greek label; label; and label) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior.
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Racemic mixture
In chemistry, a racemic mixture, or racemate, is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule.
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Reuptake
Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter located along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal (i.e., the pre-synaptic neuron at a synapse) or glial cell after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse.
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Reuptake inhibitor
A reuptake inhibitor (RI) is a type of drug known as a reuptake modulator that inhibits the plasmalemmal transporter-mediated reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse into the pre-synaptic neuron.
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Second-generation antidepressant
The second-generation antidepressants are a class of antidepressants characterized primarily by the era of their introduction, approximately coinciding with the 1970s and 1980s, rather than by their chemical structure or by their pharmacological effect.
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Secondary metabolite
Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of an organism.
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.
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Serotonin
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter.
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Serotonin syndrome
Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a group of symptoms that may occur following use of certain serotonergic medications or drugs.
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Serotonin transporter
The serotonin transporter (SERT or 5-HTT) also known as the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and solute carrier family 6 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene.
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Serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent
A serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent (SNRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of serotonin and norepinephrine (and epinephrine) in the body and/or brain.
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Sibutramine
Sibutramine, formerly sold under the brand name Meridia among others, is an appetite suppressant which has been discontinued in many countries.
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Side effect
In medicine, a side effect is an effect, whether therapeutic or adverse, that is secondary to the one intended; although the term is predominantly employed to describe adverse effects, it can also apply to beneficial, but unintended, consequences of the use of a drug.
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Smooth muscle tissue
Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle.
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Social anxiety disorder
Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.
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Sodium channel
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's plasma membrane.
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Somnolence
Somnolence (alternatively "sleepiness" or "drowsiness") is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia).
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Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column.
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Statistical significance
In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis.
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Stereochemistry
Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation.
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Stress incontinence
Stress incontinence, also known as stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or effort incontinence is a form of urinary incontinence.
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Substituent
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms which replaces one or more hydrogen atoms on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon, becoming a moiety of the resultant new molecule.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Synapse
In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target efferent cell.
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Syncope (medicine)
Syncope, also known as fainting, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery.
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Tachycardia
Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate.
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Tegmentum
The tegmentum (from Latin for "covering") is a general area within the brainstem.
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Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.
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Tramadol
Tramadol, sold under the brand name Ultram among others, is an opioid pain medication used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain.
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Tricyclic antidepressant
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are a class of medications that are used primarily as antidepressants.
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Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
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Tyrosine hydroxylase
Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA).
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Venlafaxine
Venlafaxine, sold under the brand name Effexor among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class.
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Vomiting
Vomiting, also known as emesis, puking, barfing, throwing up, among other terms, is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.
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Weight loss
Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue.
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WY-46824
WY-46824 is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor that was disclosed by Paige Mahaney, et al. of Wyeth in 2008.
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Wyeth
Wyeth was a pharmaceutical company purchased by Pfizer in 2009.
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Redirects here:
Discovery and development of dual serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, LY 2216684, Noradrenergic and selective serotonergic antidepressant, Norepinephrine/serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SNRI, SNRIs, SSNRI, Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, Serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Serotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Ssnri.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin–norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitor
