103 relations: Accretion (astrophysics), Active galactic nucleus, Angular momentum, Astronomy, Astrophysical jet, Bart Bok, Big Bang, Binary star, Bok globule, Brown dwarf, Carbon, Carbon monoxide, Cepheus (constellation), Champagne flow model, Chandra X-ray Observatory, Chronology of the universe, Circumstellar disc, Compact star, Deuterium fusion, Eagle Nebula, Einstein Observatory, Elliptical galaxy, Emission nebula, Exoplanet, Extinction (astronomy), Formation and evolution of the Solar System, Galactic Center, Galactic tide, Galaxy formation and evolution, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, GCIRS 8*, Globular cluster, Gravitational collapse, Gravity, Hayashi track, Helium, Henyey track, Herbig–Haro object, Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, Hydrogen, Hydrostatic equilibrium, Infrared, Infrared astronomy, Initial mass function, Interacting galaxy, Interstellar medium, Jeans instability, Kelvin, Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism, Kinetic energy, ..., L1014, List of star-forming regions in the Local Group, Magnetic field, Magnetic reconnection, Main sequence, Metallicity, Milky Way, Molecular cloud, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, MWC 349, NASA, Nature (journal), Nebula, Nebular hypothesis, O-type star, Open cluster, Orion Nebula, PAH world hypothesis, Pillars of Creation, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Potential energy, Pre-main-sequence star, Pressure, Protostar, Radiation pressure, Radio astronomy, Reionization, Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex, Rogue planet, Rotation, Rotational transition, Shock wave, Silhouette, Solar mass, Spiral galaxy, SSPSF model, Star, Star cluster, Starburst region, Stellar evolution, Sun, Supermassive black hole, Supernova, Taurus Molecular Cloud, Turbulence, Universe, Virial theorem, Visible-light astronomy, Wavelength, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, X-ray astronomy, XMM-Newton, Young stellar object. Expand index (53 more) »
Accretion (astrophysics)
In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, in an accretion disk.
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Active galactic nucleus
An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the center of a galaxy that has a much higher than normal luminosity over at least some portion—and possibly all—of the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that the excess luminosity is not produced by stars.
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Angular momentum
In physics, angular momentum (rarely, moment of momentum or rotational momentum) is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Astrophysical jet
An astrophysical jet is an astronomical phenomenon where outflows of ionised matter are emitted as an extended beam along the axis of rotation.
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Bart Bok
Bartholomeus Jan "Bart" Bok (April 28, 1906 – August 5, 1983) was a Dutch-born American astronomer, teacher, and lecturer.
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Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution.
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Binary star
A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common barycenter.
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Bok globule
In astronomy, Bok globules are isolated and relatively small dark nebulae, containing dense cosmic dust and gas from which star formation may take place.
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Brown dwarf
Brown dwarfs are substellar objects that occupy the mass range between the heaviest gas giant planets and the lightest stars, having masses between approximately 13 to 75–80 times that of Jupiter, or approximately to about.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.
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Cepheus (constellation)
Cepheus is a constellation in the northern sky, which is named after Cepheus (a King in the Greek mythology).
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Champagne flow model
A champagne flow is an astrophysical event whereby an HII region created inside a molecular cloud from ionization due to a recently formed star (usually an O-star) expands outward until it reaches the interstellar medium, at which point the ionized hydrogen gas bursts outward like an uncorked champagne bottle.
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Chandra X-ray Observatory
The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), previously known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), is a Flagship-class space observatory launched on STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999.
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Chronology of the universe
The chronology of the universe describes the history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology.
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Circumstellar disc
A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus, pancake or ring-shaped accumulation of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids or collision fragments in orbit around a star.
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Compact star
In astronomy, the term "compact star" (or "compact object") refers collectively to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes.
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Deuterium fusion
Deuterium fusion, also called deuterium burning, is a nuclear fusion reaction that occurs in stars and some substellar objects, in which a deuterium nucleus and a proton combine to form a helium-3 nucleus.
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Eagle Nebula
The Eagle Nebula (catalogued as Messier 16 or M16, and as NGC 6611, and also known as the Star Queen Nebula and The Spire) is a young open cluster of stars in the constellation Serpens, discovered by Jean-Philippe de Chéseaux in 1745–46.
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Einstein Observatory
Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) was the first fully imaging X-ray telescope put into space and the second of NASA's three High Energy Astrophysical Observatories.
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Elliptical galaxy
An elliptical galaxy is a type of galaxy having an approximately ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, nearly featureless image.
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Emission nebula
An emission nebula is a nebula formed of ionized gases that emit light of various wavelengths.
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Exoplanet
An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system.
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Extinction (astronomy)
In astronomy, extinction is the absorption and scattering of electromagnetic radiation by dust and gas between an emitting astronomical object and the observer.
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Formation and evolution of the Solar System
The formation and evolution of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud.
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Galactic Center
The Galactic Center is the rotational center of the Milky Way.
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Galactic tide
A galactic tide is a tidal force experienced by objects subject to the gravitational field of a galaxy such as the Milky Way.
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Galaxy formation and evolution
The study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies.
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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample.
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GCIRS 8*
GCIRS 8* (Galactic Centre IRS 8*) is a young massive star in the Galactic Center region, discovered in May 2006.
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Globular cluster
A globular cluster is a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galactic core as a satellite.
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Gravitational collapse
Gravitational collapse is the contraction of an astronomical object due to the influence of its own gravity, which tends to draw matter inward toward the center of gravity.
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Gravity
Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.
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Hayashi track
The Hayashi track is a luminosity–temperature relationship obeyed by infant stars of less than in the pre-main-sequence phase (PMS phase) of stellar evolution.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Henyey track
The Henyey track is a path taken by pre-main-sequence stars with masses >0.5 Solar mass in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram after the end of Hayashi track.
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Herbig–Haro object
Herbig–Haro (HH) objects are turbulent looking patches of nebulosity associated with newborn stars.
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Hertzsprung–Russell diagram
The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, abbreviated H–R diagram, HR diagram or HRD, is a scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities versus their stellar classifications or effective temperatures.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydrostatic equilibrium
In fluid mechanics, a fluid is said to be in hydrostatic equilibrium or hydrostatic balance when it is at rest, or when the flow velocity at each point is constant over time.
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Infrared
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.
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Infrared astronomy
Infrared astronomy is the branch of astronomy and astrophysics that studies astronomical objects visible in infrared (IR) radiation.
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Initial mass function
In astronomy, the initial mass function (IMF) is an empirical function that describes the initial distribution of masses for a population of stars.
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Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) are galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another.
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Interstellar medium
In astronomy, the interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.
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Jeans instability
In stellar physics, the Jeans instability causes the collapse of interstellar gas clouds and subsequent star formation.
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Kelvin
The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.
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Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism
The Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism is an astronomical process that occurs when the surface of a star or a planet cools.
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Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.
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L1014
L1014 is a dark nebula in Cygnus constellation.
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List of star-forming regions in the Local Group
This is a list of star-forming regions located in the Milky Way Galaxy and in the Local Group.
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Magnetic field
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence of electrical currents and magnetized materials.
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Magnetic reconnection
Magnetic reconnection is a physical process in highly conducting plasmas in which the magnetic topology is rearranged and magnetic energy is converted to kinetic energy, thermal energy, and particle acceleration.
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Main sequence
In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness.
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Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is used to describe the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen or helium.
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Milky Way
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.
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Molecular cloud
A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit the formation of molecules, most commonly molecular hydrogen (H2).
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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.
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MWC 349
MWC 349 is a double (likely, triple) star system in the constellation Cygnus.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.
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Nebula
A nebula (Latin for "cloud" or "fog"; pl. nebulae, nebulæ, or nebulas) is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases.
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Nebular hypothesis
The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems).
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O-type star
An O-type star is a hot, blue-white star of spectral type O in the Yerkes classification system employed by astronomers.
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Open cluster
An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age.
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Orion Nebula
The Orion Nebula (also known as Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976) is a diffuse nebula situated in the Milky Way, being south of Orion's Belt in the constellation of Orion.
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PAH world hypothesis
The PAH world hypothesis is a speculative hypothesis that proposes that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), known to be abundant in the universe, including in comets, and, as well, assumed to be abundant in the primordial soup of the early Earth, played a major role in the origin of life by mediating the synthesis of RNA molecules, leading into the RNA world.
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Pillars of Creation
Pillars of Creation is a photograph taken by the Hubble Space Telescope of elephant trunks of interstellar gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula, specifically the Serpens constellation, some 6,500–7,000 light years from Earth.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).
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Potential energy
In physics, potential energy is the energy possessed by an object because of its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors.
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Pre-main-sequence star
A pre-main-sequence star (also known as a PMS star and PMS object) is a star in the stage when it has not yet reached the main sequence.
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Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
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Protostar
A protostar is a very young star that is still gathering mass from its parent molecular cloud.
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Radiation pressure
Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface due to the exchange of momentum between the object and the electromagnetic field.
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Radio astronomy
Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.
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Reionization
In the field of Big Bang theory, and cosmology, reionization is the process that caused the matter in the universe to reionize after the lapse of the "dark ages".
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Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex
The Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex is a dark nebula of gas and dust that is located 1° south of the star ρ Ophiuchi of the constellation Ophiuchus.
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Rogue planet
A rogue planet (also termed an interstellar planet, nomad planet, free-floating planet, orphan planet, wandering planet, starless planet, or sunless planet) is a planetary-mass object that orbits a galactic center directly.
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Rotation
A rotation is a circular movement of an object around a center (or point) of rotation.
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Rotational transition
A rotational transition is an abrupt change in angular momentum in quantum physics.
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Shock wave
In physics, a shock wave (also spelled shockwave), or shock, is a type of propagating disturbance.
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Silhouette
A silhouette is the image of a person, animal, object or scene represented as a solid shape of a single color, usually black, with its edges matching the outline of the subject.
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Solar mass
The solar mass is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equal to approximately.
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Spiral galaxy
Spiral galaxies form a class of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in his 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae(pp. 124–151) and, as such, form part of the Hubble sequence.
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SSPSF model
The SSPSF (stochastic self-propagating star formation) model of star formation was proposed by Mueller & Arnett in 1976, generalized afterward by Gerola & Seiden in 1978 and Gerola, Seiden, & Schulman in 1980.
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Star
A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.
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Star cluster
Star clusters are groups of stars.
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Starburst region
A starburst is an astrophysical process that involves star formation occurring at a rate that is large compared to the rate that is typically observed.
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Stellar evolution
Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.
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Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
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Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or SBH) is the largest type of black hole, on the order of hundreds of thousands to billions of solar masses, and is found in the centre of almost all currently known massive galaxies.
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Supernova
A supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas, abbreviations: SN and SNe) is a transient astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a star's life, either a massive star or a white dwarf, whose destruction is marked by one final, titanic explosion.
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Taurus Molecular Cloud
The Taurus Molecular Cloud is a molecular cloud in the constellations Taurus and Auriga.
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Turbulence
In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is any pattern of fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.
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Universe
The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.
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Virial theorem
In mechanics, the virial theorem provides a general equation that relates the average over time of the total kinetic energy, \left\langle T \right\rangle, of a stable system consisting of N particles, bound by potential forces, with that of the total potential energy, \left\langle V_\text \right\rangle, where angle brackets represent the average over time of the enclosed quantity.
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Visible-light astronomy
Visible-light astronomy encompasses a wide variety of observations via telescopes that are sensitive in the range of visible light (optical telescopes).
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Wavelength
In physics, the wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
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Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) is a NASA infrared-wavelength astronomical space telescope launched in December 2009, and placed in hibernation in February 2011.
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X-ray astronomy
X-ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy which deals with the study of X-ray observation and detection from astronomical objects.
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XMM-Newton
XMM-Newton, also known as the High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission, is an X-ray space observatory launched by the European Space Agency in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket.
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Young stellar object
Young stellar object (YSO) denotes a star in its early stage of evolution.
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Redirects here:
Cloud collapse, Formation of a star, Formation of stars, Low-mass star, Low-mass stars, Star Formation, Star forming region, Star ignition, Star-forming region, Stellar birth, Stellar formation, Stellar ignition, Stellar nursery.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_formation