Table of Contents
54 relations: Amber, Ambush hypothesis, Amino acid, Bacteriophage, Blastocrithidia nuclear code, Charles M. Steinberg, Condylostoma nuclear code, Craig Venter, Cytotoxicity, DNA and RNA codon tables, Endocrine system, Escherichia coli, Escherichia virus T4, GC-content, Genetic code, Initiation factor, Karyorelict nuclear code, Lambda phage, Louisiana State University, Malate dehydrogenase, Messenger RNA, Missense mutation, Mitochondrial DNA, Molecular biology, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Nonsense mutation, Nucleotide, Null-terminated string, Ochre, Opal, Peptide, Point mutation, Protein, Pyrrolysine, Release factor, Ribosomal frameshift, Ribosomal RNA, Ribosome, Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code, Selenocysteine, Start codon, Sydney Brenner, Synthetic biology, Terminator (genetics), Tetradesmus obliquus, Thraustochytrids, Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code, Transfer RNA, Translation (biology), Umber, ... Expand index (4 more) »
Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin.
Ambush hypothesis
The ambush hypothesis is a hypothesis in the field of molecular genetics that suggests that the prevalence of “hidden” or off-frame stop codons in DNA selectively deters off-frame translation of mRNA to save energy, molecular resources, and to reduce strain on biosynthetic machinery by truncating the production of non-functional, potentially cytotoxic protein products. Stop codon and ambush hypothesis are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Ambush hypothesis
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.
Bacteriophage
A bacteriophage, also known informally as a phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.
See Stop codon and Bacteriophage
Blastocrithidia nuclear code
The Blastocrithidia nuclear code (translation table 31) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the trypanosomatid genus Blastocrithidia. Stop codon and Blastocrithidia nuclear code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Blastocrithidia nuclear code
Charles M. Steinberg
Charles 'Charley' M. Steinberg (1932 September 17, 1999) was an immunobiologist and permanent member of the Basel Institute for Immunology.
See Stop codon and Charles M. Steinberg
Condylostoma nuclear code
The Condylostoma nuclear code (translation table 28) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the heterotrich ciliate Condylostoma magnum. Stop codon and Condylostoma nuclear code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Condylostoma nuclear code
Craig Venter
John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American biotechnologist and businessman.
See Stop codon and Craig Venter
Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells.
See Stop codon and Cytotoxicity
DNA and RNA codon tables
A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids. Stop codon and DNA and RNA codon tables are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and DNA and RNA codon tables
Endocrine system
The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs.
See Stop codon and Endocrine system
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coliWells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary.
See Stop codon and Escherichia coli
Escherichia virus T4
Escherichia virus T4 is a species of bacteriophages that infect Escherichia coli bacteria.
See Stop codon and Escherichia virus T4
GC-content
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content (or guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases in a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine (G) or cytosine (C).
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets, or codons) into proteins. Stop codon and genetic code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Genetic code
Initiation factor
In molecular biology, initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein biosynthesis. Stop codon and initiation factor are gene expression.
See Stop codon and Initiation factor
Karyorelict nuclear code
The karyorelictid nuclear code (translation table 27) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the Karyorelictea ciliate Parduczia sp. Stop codon and karyorelict nuclear code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Karyorelict nuclear code
Lambda phage
Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. coli).
See Stop codon and Lambda phage
Louisiana State University
Louisiana State University (officially Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, commonly referred to as LSU) is an American public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
See Stop codon and Louisiana State University
Malate dehydrogenase
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate using the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
See Stop codon and Malate dehydrogenase
Messenger RNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. Stop codon and messenger RNA are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Messenger RNA
Missense mutation
In genetics, a missense mutation is a point mutation in which a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid.
See Stop codon and Missense mutation
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
See Stop codon and Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular biology
Molecular biology is a branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions.
See Stop codon and Molecular biology
Neurodevelopmental disorder
Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions that begin to emerge during childhood (or the development of the nervous system).
See Stop codon and Neurodevelopmental disorder
Nonsense mutation
In genetics, a nonsense mutation is a point mutation in a sequence of DNA that results in a nonsense codon, or a premature stop codon in the transcribed mRNA, and leads to a truncated, incomplete, and possibly nonfunctional protein product.
See Stop codon and Nonsense mutation
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate.
Null-terminated string
In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character (a character with an internal value of zero, called "NUL" in this article, not same as the glyph zero).
See Stop codon and Null-terminated string
Ochre
Ochre, iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand.
Opal
Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO2·nH2O); its water content may range from 3% to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6% and 10%.
Peptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Point mutation
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a DNA or RNA sequence of an organism's genome.
See Stop codon and Point mutation
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Pyrrolysine
Pyrrolysine (symbol Pyl or O; encoded by the 'amber' stop codon UAG) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins in some methanogenic archaea and bacteria; it is not present in humans.
See Stop codon and Pyrrolysine
Release factor
A release factor is a protein that allows for the termination of translation by recognizing the termination codon or stop codon in an mRNA sequence.
See Stop codon and Release factor
Ribosomal frameshift
Ribosomal frameshifting, also known as translational frameshifting or translational recoding, is a biological phenomenon that occurs during translation that results in the production of multiple, unique proteins from a single mRNA. Stop codon and Ribosomal frameshift are gene expression.
See Stop codon and Ribosomal frameshift
Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells.
See Stop codon and Ribosomal RNA
Ribosome
Ribosomes are macromolecular machines, found within all cells, that perform biological protein synthesis (messenger RNA translation).
Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code
The Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code (translation table 22) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Scenedesmus obliquus, a species of green algae. Stop codon and Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code
Selenocysteine
Selenocysteine (symbol Sec or U, in older publications also as Se-Cys) is the 21st proteinogenic amino acid.
See Stop codon and Selenocysteine
Start codon
The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. Stop codon and start codon are molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Start codon
Sydney Brenner
Sydney Brenner (13 January 1927 – 5 April 2019) was a South African biologist.
See Stop codon and Sydney Brenner
Synthetic biology
Synthetic biology (SynBio) is a multidisciplinary field of science that focuses on living systems and organisms, and it applies engineering principles to develop new biological parts, devices, and systems or to redesign existing systems found in nature. Stop codon and Synthetic biology are molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Synthetic biology
Terminator (genetics)
In genetics, a transcription terminator is a section of nucleic acid sequence that marks the end of a gene or operon in genomic DNA during transcription. Stop codon and terminator (genetics) are gene expression.
See Stop codon and Terminator (genetics)
Tetradesmus obliquus
Tetradesmus obliquus is a green algae species of the family Scenedesmaceae. It is commonly known by its synonym, Scenedesmus obliquus. It is a common species found in a variety of freshwater habitats. Tetradesmus obliquus forms colonies of two or four (occasionally eight) cells in a single row; in culture, solitary cells are often present.
See Stop codon and Tetradesmus obliquus
Thraustochytrids
Thraustochytrids are single-celled saprotrophic eukaryotes (decomposers) that are widely distributed in marine ecosystems, and which secrete enzymes including, but not limited to amylases, proteases, phosphatases.
See Stop codon and Thraustochytrids
Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code
The Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code (translation table 23) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of the labyrinthulid protist Thraustochytrium aureum. Stop codon and Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code
Transfer RNA
Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes), that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins.
See Stop codon and Transfer RNA
Translation (biology)
In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates. Stop codon and translation (biology) are gene expression.
See Stop codon and Translation (biology)
Umber
Umber is a natural earth pigment consisting of iron oxide and manganese oxide; it has a brownish color that can vary among shades of yellow, red, and green.
University of Memphis
The University of Memphis (Memphis) is a public research university in Memphis, Tennessee.
See Stop codon and University of Memphis
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Vertebrate mitochondrial code
The vertebrate mitochondrial code (translation table 2) is the genetic code found in the mitochondria of all vertebrata. Stop codon and vertebrate mitochondrial code are gene expression and molecular genetics.
See Stop codon and Vertebrate mitochondrial code
Virus
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
References
Also known as Amber codon, Amber mutation, Amber suppressor, Hidden stop, Nonstop mutation, Ochre codon, Ochre mutation, Opal codon, Premature termination codon, Stop codons, Stop-codon, Termination Codon.