Sub-Saharan African music traditions

Sub-Saharan African music traditions exhibit so many common features that they may in some respects be thought of as constituting a single musical system. ^[1]

506 relations: Abissa, Aburukuwa, Accordion, Acholi people, Adungu, Africa, African dance, African Great Lakes, African harp, Afrikaans, Afroasiatic languages, Aja people, Aka people, Akan language, Akan people, Akonting, Alan P. 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Abissa

Abissa is a cultural concept embracing the music, dance and spiritual life of the Nzema people in the town of Grand-Bassam, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.

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Aburukuwa

The Aburukuwa (also known as the Abrukwa) is an open drum of the Akan people and the Asante people of Ghana.

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Accordions (from 19th-century German Akkordeon, from Akkord—"musical chord, concord of sounds") are a family of box-shaped musical instruments of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone type, colloquially referred to as a squeezebox.

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Acholi people

Acholi (also Acoli) is a Luo Nilotic ethnic group from the eastern Part of South Sudan Magwi County and Northern Uganda (an area commonly referred to as Acholiland), including the districts of Agago, Amuru, Gulu, Kitgum, Nwoya, Lamwo, and Pader.

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Adungu

The adungu, also called the ekidongo or ennenga, is a stringed musical instrument of the Alur people of northwestern Uganda.

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Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).

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African dance

African dance refers mainly to the dance of Sub-Saharan Africa, and more appropriately African dances because of the many cultural differences in musical and movement styles.

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African Great Lakes

The African Great Lakes (Maziwa Makuu) are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift.

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African harp

African Harps, particularly arched or "bow" harps, are found in several Sub-Saharan African music traditions, particularly in the north-east.

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Afrikaans

Afrikaans is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia and, to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe.

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Afroasiatic languages

Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic) or Semito-Hamitic, is a large language family of about 300 languages and dialects.

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Aja people

The Aja are a group of people native to south-western Benin and south-eastern Togo.

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Aka people

The Aka or Bayaka (also BiAka, Babenzele) are a nomadic Mbenga pygmy people.

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Akan language

Akan is a Central Tano language that is the principal native language of the Akan people of Ghana, spoken over much of the southern half of that country, by about 58% of the population, and among 30% of the population of Ivory Coast.

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Akan people

The Akan are a meta-ethnicity predominantly speaking Central Tano languages and residing in the southern regions of the former Gold Coast region in what is today the nation of Ghana.

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Akonting

The akonting (or ekonting in French transliteration) is the folk lute of the Jola people, found in Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau in West Africa.

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Alan P. Merriam

Alan Parkhurst Merriam (1 November 1923 – 14 March 1980) was an American cultural anthropologist and ethnomusicologist.

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Ali Farka Touré

Ali Ibrahim "Ali Farka" Touré (31 October 1939 – 6 March 2006) was a Malian singer and multi-instrumentalist, and one of the African continent's most internationally renowned musicians.

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Amarok (Mike Oldfield album)

Amarok is Mike Oldfield's 13th album, and was released in 1990.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola; Kikongo, Kimbundu and Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in Southern Africa.

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Anlo Ewe

The Anlo Ewe are a sub-group of the Ewe people of approximately 6 million people, inhabiting southern Togo, southern Benin, southwest Nigeria, and south-eastern parts of the Volta Region of Ghana; meanwhile, a majority of Ewe are located in the entire southern half of Togo and southwest Benin.

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Antiphon

An antiphon (Greek ἀντίφωνον, ἀντί "opposite" and φωνή "voice") is a short chant in Christian ritual, sung as a refrain.

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Arabic music

Arabic music or Arab music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية – ALA-LC) is the music of the Arab people.

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Art music

Art music (alternately called classical music, cultivated music, serious music, and canonic music) is music that implies advanced structural and theoretical considerationsJacques Siron, "Musique Savante (Serious music)", Dictionnaire des mots de la musique (Paris: Outre Mesure): 242.

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Ashanti people

Ashanti also known as Asante are an ethnic group native to the Ashanti Region of modern-day Ghana.

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Ashiko

The ashiko is a drum, shaped like a tapered cylinder (or truncated cone) with the head on the wide end, and the narrow end open.

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Assiko

The Assiko is a popular dance from the South of Cameroon.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Austronesia

Austronesia, in historical terms, refers to the homeland of the peoples who speak Austronesian languages, including Malay (Malaysian-Indonesian), Filipino, the Visayan languages, Ilocano, Javanese, Malagasy, the Polynesian languages, Fijian, Taiwan's Formosan languages, Tetum and around ten-thousand other languages.

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Bagirmi language

Bagirmi (also Baguirmi; autonym: ɓarma) is the language of the Baguirmi people of Chad, belonging to the Nilo-Saharan family.

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Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)

The Bahr el Ghazal is a historical region of northwestern South Sudan.

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Bajuni people

The Bajuni people are a minority clan mainly residing on the Bajuni Islands and surrounding coastal areas between the port city of Kismayo and Mombasa area of Kenya and Somalia.

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Balafon

The balafon is a kind of wooden xylophone or percussion idiophone which plays melodic tunes, and usually has between 16 and 27 keys.

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Balanta people

The Balanta (Guinea-Bissau Creole and Portuguese: balanta;; lit. “those who resist” in Balanta) are an ethnic group found in Guinea-Bissau, Senegal and The Gambia.

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Bambara language

The Bambara (Bamana) language, Bamanankan, is a lingua franca and national language of Mali spoken by perhaps 15 million people, natively by 5 million Bambara people and about 10 million second-language users.

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Bamileke people

The Bamileke is the native group which is now dominant in Cameroon's West and Northwest Regions.

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Banjo

The banjo is a four-, five- or six-stringed instrument with a thin membrane stretched over a frame or cavity as a resonator, called the head.

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Bantu expansion

The Bantu expansion is a major series of migrations of the original proto-Bantu language speaking group, who spread from an original nucleus around West Africa-Central Africa across much of sub-Sahara Africa.

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Bantu languages

The Bantu languages (English:, Proto-Bantu: */baⁿtʊ̀/) technically the Narrow Bantu languages, as opposed to "Wide Bantu", a loosely defined categorization which includes other "Bantoid" languages are a large family of languages spoken by the Bantu peoples throughout Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Bantu peoples

The Bantu peoples are the speakers of Bantu languages, comprising several hundred ethnic groups in sub-Saharan Africa, spread over a vast area from Central Africa across the African Great Lakes to Southern Africa.

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Baoulé people

The Baule or Baoulé (Baule: Baule; baoulé) are an Akan people and one of the largest groups in Côte d'Ivoire.

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Bard

In medieval Gaelic and British culture, a bard was a professional story teller, verse-maker and music composer, employed by a patron (such as a monarch or noble), to commemorate one or more of the patron's ancestors and to praise the patron's own activities.

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Bashi

Bashi (باشي, also Romanized as Bāshī) is a village in Delvar Rural District, Delvar District, Tangestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran.

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Bassa people (Cameroon)

The Bassa (also spelled Basa or Basaa and sometimes known as Bassa-Bakongo) are a Bantu ethnic group in Cameroon.

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Bassline

A bassline (also known as a bass line or bass part) is the term used in many styles of music, such as jazz, blues, funk, dub and electronic, traditional music, or classical music for the low-pitched instrumental part or line played (in jazz and some forms of popular music) by a rhythm section instrument such as the electric bass, double bass, cello, tuba or keyboard (piano, Hammond organ, electric organ, or synthesizer).

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Battle of Kirina

The Battle of Kirina, also known as the Battle of Krina or Siege of Karina (c. 1235), was a confrontation between the Sosso king Sumanguru Kanté and the Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita.

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Batuque (music and dance)

The Batuque is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde.

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Bemba language

The Bemba language, ChiBemba (also Cibemba, Ichibemba, Icibemba and Chiwemba), is a major Bantu language spoken primarily in north-eastern Zambia by the Bemba people and as a lingua franca by about 18 related ethnic groups, including the Bisa people of Mpika and Lake Bangweulu, and to a lesser extent in Katanga in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Botswana.

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Bemba people

The Bemba (or 'BaBemba' using the Ba- prefix to mean 'people of', and also called 'Awemba' or 'BaWemba' in the past) belong to a large group of Bantu peoples mainly in the Northern province, Luapula and Copperbelt Provinces of Zambia who trace their origins to the Luba and Lunda states of the upper Congo basin, in what became Katanga Province in southern Congo-Kinshasa (DRC).

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Benga music

Benga is a genre of Kenyan popular music.

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Benin

Benin (Bénin), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin) and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

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Benue–Congo languages

Benue–Congo (sometimes called East Benue–Congo) is a major subdivision of the Niger–Congo language family which covers most of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Berber music

Berber music refers to the musical traditions of the Berbers, an ethnic group native to the Maghreb, as well as parts of the Sahara, Nile Valley, West Africa.

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Beti-Pahuin peoples

The Beti-Pahuin are a Bantu ethnic group located in rain forest regions of Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and São Tomé and Príncipe.

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Biblical Hebrew

Biblical Hebrew (rtl Ivrit Miqra'it or rtl Leshon ha-Miqra), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of Hebrew, a Canaanite Semitic language spoken by the Israelites in the area known as Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.

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Bikutsi

Bikutsi is a musical genre from Cameroon.

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Biogeographic realm

A biogeographic realm or ecozone is the broadest biogeographic division of the Earth's land surface, based on distributional patterns of terrestrial organisms.

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Bira ceremony

Bira is an all-night ritual, celebrated by Shona people from Zimbabwe in which members of an extended family call on ancestral spirits for guidance and intercession.

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Bissa people

Bissa (or Busanga (singular), Bisa, Busansi (plural)), is a Mande ethnic group of south-central Burkina Faso, northeastern Ghana, the northernmost tip of Togo and northern Benin.

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Bloomington, Indiana

Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana.

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Borana Oromo people

The Borana Oromo people, also called the Boran, are a subethnic section of the Oromo people who live in southern Ethiopia (Oromia) and northern Kenya.

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Borborbor

Borborbor is a Ghanaian and Togolese traditional dance performed by the Ewe people from the mid-Volta region of Ghana.

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Botswana

Botswana, officially the Republic of Botswana (Lefatshe la Botswana), is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa.

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Bozo language

Bozo, or Boso, meaning house of straw, is a Mande language spoken by the Bozo people, the principal fishing people of the Inner Niger Delta in Mali.

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Buganda

Buganda is a subnational kingdom within Uganda.

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Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa.

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Burundi

Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi (Republika y'Uburundi,; République du Burundi, or), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.

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Busoga

Busoga is a traditional Bantu kingdom and one of five constitutional monarchies in present-day Uganda.

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Calabash

A calabash, bottle gourd, or white-flowered gourd, Lagenaria siceraria, also known by many other names, including long melon, New Guinea bean and Tasmania bean, is a vine grown for its fruit, which can be either harvested young to be consumed as a vegetable, or harvested mature to be dried and used as a utensil.

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Call and response (music)

In music, a call and response is a succession of two distinct phrases usually written in different parts of the music, where the second phrase is heard as a direct commentary on or in response to the first.

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Cameroon

No description.

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Cavaquinho

The cavaquinho (pronounced in Portuguese) is a small Portuguese string instrument in the European guitar family, with four wire or gut strings.

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Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR; Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka; République centrafricaine, or Centrafrique) is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

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Central Sudanic languages

Central Sudanic is a family of about sixty languages that have been included in the proposed Nilo-Saharan language family.

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Ceremony

A ceremony is an event of ritual significance, performed on a special occasion.

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Chadic languages

The Chadic languages form a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Chakacha

Chakacha is a traditional music and dance style (a ngoma) of the Swahili people of coastal Kenya and Tanzania, originally associated with weddings and performed and watched by women.

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Chewa language

Chewa, also known as Nyanja, is a language of the Bantu language family.

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Chewa people

The Chewa are a Bantu people of central and southern Africa and the largest ethnic group in Malawi.

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Chopi language

Chopi, also spelled Copi, Tschopi, and Txopi, is a Bantu language spoken along the southern coast of Mozambique.

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Chopi people

The Chopi are an ethnic group of Mozambique.

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Choreography

Choreography is the art or practice of designing sequences of movements of physical bodies (or their depictions) in which motion, form, or both are specified.

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Christianity

ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.

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Cimboa

The cimboa (also in São Vicente Creole, Capeverdean Creole of ALUPEK: simboa or simbua), also known as the cimbó, is a musical instrument from Cape Verde.

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Coladeira

The coladeira (Cape Verdean Creole: koladera) is a music genre from Cape Verde.

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Composer

A composer (Latin ''compōnō''; literally "one who puts together") is a musician who is an author of music in any form, including vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music, electronic music, and music which combines multiple forms.

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Concertina

A concertina is a free-reed musical instrument, like the various accordions and the harmonica.

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Conducting

Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance, such as an orchestral or choral concert.

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Congo Basin

The Congo Basin is the sedimentary basin of the Congo River.

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Copperbelt

The Copperbelt is a natural region in Central Africa which sits on the border region between northern Zambia and the southern Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Coronation

A coronation is the act of placement or bestowal of a crown upon a monarch's head.

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Counterpoint

In music, counterpoint is the relationship between voices that are harmonically interdependent (polyphony) yet independent in rhythm and contour.

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Country dance

A country dance is any of a large number of social dances of the British Isles in which couples dance together in a figure or "set", each dancer dancing to his or her partner and each couple dancing to the other couples in the set.

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Cowbell (instrument)

The cowbell is an idiophone hand percussion instrument used in various styles of music including salsa and infrequently in popular music.

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Cross-beat

In music, a cross-beat or cross-rhythm is a specific form of polyrhythm.

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Cuíca

The cuíca is a Brazilian friction drum with a large pitch range, produced by changing tension on the head of the drum.

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Dagaaba people

The Dagaaba people (singular Dagao, and, in northern dialects, Dagara for both plural and singular, update as of 25 May 2003, retrieved 2009-02-12. in Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/. Retrieved 200902-12.) are an ethnic group located north of the convergence of Ghana, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire.

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Dagbani language

Dagbani (or Dagbane), also known as Dagbanli and Dagbanle, is a Gur language spoken in Ghana.

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Dagomba people

The Dagombas are an ethnic group of northern Ghana, numbering about 931,000 (2012).

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Damara people

The Damara, plural Damaran (Khoekhoegowab: ǂNūkhoen, Black people, Bergdamara, referring to their extended stay in hilly and mountainous sites, also called at various times the Daman or the Damaqua) are an ethnic group who make up 8.5% of Namibia's population.

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Damba

The damba (Paretroplus damii) is a species of cichlid.

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Dance

Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.

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David P. McAllester

David Park McAllester (6 August 1916 – 30 April 2006) was an American ethnomusicologist and Professor of Anthropology and Music at Wesleyan University, where he taught from 1947–1986.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Dimba

Editácio Vieira de Andrade, usually known simply as Dimba (born December 30, 1973), is a Brazilian futsal player and footballer who plays as a forward.

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Dinka people

The Dinka people (Jiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ) are a community, composed of many ethnic groups, inhabiting the East and West Banks of River Nile, from Mangalla to Renk, regions of Bahr el Ghazal, Upper Nile (former two of three Southern Provinces in Sudan) and Abyei Area of the Angok Dinka in South Khordofan of Sudan.

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Dunun

Dunun (plural dunun) (also spelled dun dun or doundoun) is the generic name for a family of West African drums that have developed alongside the djembe in the Mande drum ensemble.

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Dyula language

Jula (or Dyula, Dioula) is a Mande language spoken in Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Mali.

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Egyptian language

The Egyptian language was spoken in ancient Egypt and was a branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages.

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Embu people

The Embu are a Bantu people inhabiting Embu county in Kenya.

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Entrainment (biomusicology)

Entrainment in the biomusicological sense refers to the synchronization of organisms (only humans as a whole, with some particular instances of a particular animal) to an external perceived rhythm, such as human music and dance such as foot tapping.

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Epitoky

Epitoky is a process that occurs in many species of polychaete marine worms wherein a sexually immature worm (the atoke) is modified or transformed into a sexually mature worm (the epitoke).

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Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea (Guinea Ecuatorial, Guinée équatoriale, Guiné Equatorial), officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (República de Guinea Ecuatorial, République de Guinée équatoriale, República da Guiné Equatorial), is a country located in Central Africa, with an area of.

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Ethiopia

Ethiopia (ኢትዮጵያ), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ, yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk), is a country located in the Horn of Africa.

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Ethnic group

An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

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Ewe drumming

Ewe drumming refers to the drumming ensembles of the Ewe people of Ghana, Togo, and Benin.

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Ewe language

Ewe (Èʋe or Èʋegbe) is a Niger–Congo language spoken in southeastern Ghana by approximately 6–7 million people as either the first or second language.

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Ewe music

Ewe music is the music of the Ewe people of Togo, Ghana, and Benin, West Africa.

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Ewe people

The Ewe people (Eʋeawó, lit. "Ewe people"; or Mono Kple Volta Tɔ́sisiwo Dome, lit. "Ewe nation","Eʋenyigba" Eweland) are an African ethnic group.

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Famadihana

Famadihana is a funerary tradition of the Malagasy people in Madagascar.

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Fanfare

A fanfare (or fanfarade or flourish) is a short musical flourish that is typically played by trumpets or other brass instruments, often accompanied by percussion.

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Fang people

The Fang people, also known as Fãn or Pahouin, are a Central African ethnic group found in Equatorial Guinea, northern Gabon, and southern Cameroon.

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Fante people

Originally, Fante refers to tiny states within 50 miles radius of Mankessim.

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Ferrinho

The ferrinho (in Cape Verdean Creole ferrinhu) is a musical instrument, more precisely a scraped idiophone.

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Fezzan

Fezzan (ⴼⴻⵣⵣⴰⵏ, Fezzan; فزان, Fizzān; Fizan; Phasania) or Phazania is the southwestern region of modern Libya.

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Fiddle

A fiddle is a bowed string musical instrument, most often a violin.

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Flute

The flute is a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group.

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Folk music

Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival.

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Fon people

The Fon people, also called Fon nu, Agadja or Dahomey, are a major African ethnic and linguistic group.

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Frafra people

Frafra is a colonialist term given to a subset of Gur peoples living in northern Ghana.

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French horn

The French horn (since the 1930s known simply as the "horn" in some professional music circles) is a brass instrument made of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell.

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Fula language

Fula Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh, also known as Fulani or Fulah (Fula: Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Peul), is a language spoken as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 20 countries in West and Central Africa.

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Fula people

The Fula people or Fulani or Fulany or Fulɓe (Fulɓe; Peul; Fulani or Hilani; Fula; Pël; Fulaw), numbering between 40 and 50 million people in total, are one of the largest ethnic groups in the Sahel and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region.

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Fulani War

The Fulani War of 1804–1808, also known as the Fulani Jihad or Jihad of Usman dan Fodio, was a military contest in present-day Nigeria and Cameroon.

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Funaná

The funaná is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde.

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Funeral

A funeral is a ceremony connected with the burial, cremation, or interment of a corpse, or the burial (or equivalent) with the attendant observances.

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Gabon

Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic (République gabonaise), is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa.

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Gao Empire

The Gao Empire precedes that of the Songhai Empire in the region of the Middle Niger.

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Gẹlẹdẹ

The Gẹlẹdẹ spectacle of the Yoruba is a public display by colorful masks which combines art and ritual dance to amuse, educate and inspire worship.

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Gbe languages

The Gbe languages (pronounced) form a cluster of about twenty related languages stretching across the area between eastern Ghana and western Nigeria.

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Ghana

Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a unitary presidential constitutional democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa.

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Ghana Empire

The Ghana Empire (700 until 1240), properly known as Awkar (Ghana or Ga'na being the title of its ruler), was located in the area of present-day southeastern Mauritania and western Mali.

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Gio people

The Gio or Dan people is an ethnic group in north-eastern Liberia and in Côte d'Ivoire.

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Goblet drum

The goblet drum (also chalice drum, tarabuka, tarabaki, darbuka, derbake, debuka, doumbek, dumbec, dumbeg, dumbelek, tablah, toumperleki or zerbaghali, دربوكة / ALA-LC: darbūkah) is a single head membranophone with a goblet shaped body used mostly in the Middle East, North Africa, South Asia, and Eastern Europe.

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Gogo people

The Gogo (singular: mgogo, plural: Wagogo) are a Bantu ethnic and linguistic group based in the Dodoma Region of central Tanzania.

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Goje

The goje (the Hausa name for the instrument) is one of the many names for a variety of one or two-stringed fiddles from West Africa, almost exclusively played by ethnic groups inhabiting the Sahel and Sudan sparsely vegetated grassland belts leading to the Sahara.

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Gong

A gong (from Malay: gong;; ra; គង - Kong; ฆ้อง Khong; cồng chiêng) is an East and Southeast Asian musical percussion instrument that takes the form of a flat, circular metal disc which is hit with a mallet.

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Griot

A griot, jali or jeli (djeli or djéli in French spelling) is a West African historian, storyteller, praise singer, poet and/or musician.

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Ground bow

The ground-bow or a earth-bow is a single-string bow-shaped folk musical instrument, classified as a chordophone.

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Guérewol

The Guérewol (var. Guerewol, Gerewol) is an annual courtship ritual competition among the Wodaabe Fula people of Niger.

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Guinea

Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea (République de Guinée), is a country on the western coast of Africa.

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Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a sovereign state in West Africa.

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Guitar

The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.

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Gur languages

The Gur languages, also known as Central Gur, belong to the Niger–Congo languages.

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Gurunsi peoples

The Gurunsi, or Grunshi, are a set of ethnic groups inhabiting Kingdom of Dagbon of northern Ghana.

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György Ligeti

György Sándor Ligeti (Ligeti György Sándor,; 28 May 1923 – 12 June 2006) was a Hungarian-Austrian composer of contemporary classical music.

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Hausa Kingdoms

The Hausa Kingdom, also known as Hausaland, was a collection of states started by the Hausa people, situated between the Niger River and Lake Chad (modern day northern Nigeria).

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Hausa music

The Hausa are one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, Niger, Ghana, Sudan, Cameroon and in many West and Central African countries.

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Hausa people

The Hausa (autonyms for singular: Bahaushe (m), Bahaushiya (f); plural: Hausawa and general: Hausa; exonyms: Ausa) are one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa.

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Herero people

The Herero are an ethnic group inhabiting parts of Southern Africa.

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Highlife

Highlife is a music genre that originated in Ghana early in the 20th century.

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Himba people

The Himba (singular: OmuHimba, plural: OvaHimba) are indigenous peoples with an estimated population of about 50,000 people living in northern Namibia, in the Kunene Region (formerly Kaokoland) and on the other side of the Kunene River in Angola.

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Hiragasy

The hiragasy (hira: song; gasy: Malagasy) is a musical tradition in Madagascar and particularly among the Merina ethnic group of the Highland regions around the capital of Antananarivo.

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Hocket

In music, hocket is the rhythmic linear technique using the alternation of notes, pitches, or chords.

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Horn (acoustic)

An acoustic horn or waveguide is a tapered sound guide designed to provide an acoustic impedance match between a sound source and free air.

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Horn of Africa

The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East Africa that juts into the Guardafui Channel, lying along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden and the southwest Red Sea.

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Hosho (instrument)

The hosho are Zimbabwean musical instruments consisting of a pair of maranka (mapudzi) gourds with seeds.

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Hu hu

The hu hu is a string instrument originating in 19th century China.

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Hunter-gatherer

A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals), in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.

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Hutu

The Hutu, also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to African Great Lakes region of Africa, primarily area now under Burundi and Rwanda.

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Idiom

An idiom (idiom, "special property", from translite, "special feature, special phrasing, a peculiarity", f. translit, "one's own") is a phrase or an expression that has a figurative, or sometimes literal, meaning.

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Igbo language

Igbo (Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh), is the principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria.

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Igbo music

Igbo music (Igbo: Egwu nkwa ndi Igbo) is the music of the Igbo people, who are indigenous to the southeastern part of Nigeria.

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Ikembe

Ikembe, is a type of musical instrument of the lamellaphone group, common amongst the Bahutu of Rwanda, Burundi and the Congo.

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Ikinimba

Ikinimba is probably the most revered musical tradition in Rwanda.

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Improvisation

Improvisation is creating or performing something spontaneously or making something from whatever is available.

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Inanga (instrument)

Inānga is a traditional musical instrument of Burundi that is also played in Rwanda and Uganda.

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Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface).

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Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

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Inhambane Province

Inhambane is a province of Mozambique located on the coast in the southern part of the country.

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Isicathamiya

Isicathamiya (with the "c" pronounced as a dental click) is a singing style that originated from the South African Zulus.

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Ituri Rainforest

The Ituri Rainforest is a rainforest located in the Ituri Province of northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo formerly called Zaire.

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Ivory Coast

Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a sovereign state located in West Africa.

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John Lwanda

John Lloyd Chipembere Lwanda (born 1949) is a Malawian medical doctor, writer, poet, researcher, publisher and music producer.

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Jonglei State

Jonglei is a state of South Sudan.

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Jongo

Jongo, also known as caxambu or tabu, is a dance and musical genre of black communities from southeast Brazil.

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Kabosy

The kabosy is a box-shaped wooden guitar commonly played in music of Madagascar.

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Kagoro

Gworok (called Kagoro by the Hausa) is a large town in southern Kaduna State, Middle Belt Nigeria.

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Kakaki

The kakaki is a three to four metre long metal trumpet used in Hausa traditional ceremonial music.

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Kalahari Desert

The Kalahari Desert is a large semi-arid sandy savanna in Southern Africa extending for, covering much of Botswana, parts of Namibia and regions of South Africa.

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Kalanga language

Kalanga, or TjiKalanga (in Zimbabwe), is a Bantu language spoken by the Kalanga people in Botswana and Zimbabwe.

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Kamba people

The Kamba or Akamba people are a Bantu ethnic group - or tribe - who live in the semi-arid formerly Eastern Province of Kenya stretching east from Nairobi to Tsavo and north up to Embu, Kenya.

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Kanem–Bornu Empire

The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire that existed in modern Chad and Nigeria.

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Kanembu people

The Kanembu are an ethnic group of Chad, generally considered the modern descendants of the Kanem-Borno Empire.

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Kanuri language

Kanuri is a dialect continuum spoken by some four million people, as of 1987, in Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon, as well as small minorities in southern Libya and by a diaspora in Sudan.

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Kaonde language

Kaonde (kiiKaonde) is a Bantu language spoken primarily in Zambia but also in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Karyenda

The karyenda is a traditional African drum.

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Kassena

The Kassena people are an ethnic group located along the northern Ghana and Burkina Faso border.

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Katanga Province

Katanga was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba and Haut-Katanga provinces.

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Katiola

Katiola is a town in central Ivory Coast.

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Kayamb

The kayamba is a flat musical instrument, a shaken idiophone, used in the Mascarene Islands to play sega and maloya music.

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Kelela

Kelela Mizanekristos (born June 6, 1983) is an Ethiopian American singer and songwriter.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.

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Kgalagadi language

Kgalagadi is one of the Bantu languages spoken in Botswana, along the South African border and in Namibia.

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Khoikhoi

The Khoikhoi (updated orthography Khoekhoe, from Khoekhoegowab Khoekhoen; formerly also Hottentots"Hottentot, n. and adj." OED Online, Oxford University Press, March 2018, www.oed.com/view/Entry/88829. Accessed 13 May 2018. Citing G. S. Nienaber, 'The origin of the name “Hottentot” ', African Studies, 22:2 (1963), 65-90,. See also.) are the traditionally nomadic pastoralist non-Bantu indigenous population of southwestern Africa.

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Khoisan

Khoisan, or according to the contemporary Khoekhoegowab orthography Khoesān (pronounced), is an artificial catch-all name for the so-called "non-Bantu" indigenous peoples of Southern Africa, combining the Khoekhoen (formerly "Khoikhoi") and the Sān or Sākhoen (also, in Afrikaans: Boesmans, or in English: Bushmen, after Dutch Boschjesmens; and Saake in the Nǁng language).

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Kidi

Kidi (كيدي, also Romanized as Kīdī) is a village in Ahram Rural District, in the Central District of Tangestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran.

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Kikuyu people

The Kikuyu (also Akikûyu/Agikuyu/Gikuyu) is the largest ethnic group in Kenya.

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Kilifi

Kilifi is a town on the coast of Kenya, northeast by road of Mombasa.

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Kinanda

Kinanda is the second studio album by Norwegian-Kenyan singer Stella Mwangi, released on June 10, 2011 in Norway.

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Kisii people

The Kisii (also known as Abagusii) is a community of Bantu people who inhabit two counties: Kisii (formerly Kisii District) and Nyamira in Nyanza Province, Western Kenya.

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Konkomba language

The Konkomba language (Likpakpaln) is a type of Gurma language spoken in Ghana and Togo.

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Kora (instrument)

The kora is a 21-string lute-bridge-harp used extensively in West Africa.

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Kordofan

Kordofan (كردفان) is a former province of central Sudan.

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Koumbi Saleh

Koumbi Saleh, sometimes Kumbi Saleh is the site of a ruined medieval town in south east Mauritania that may have been the capital of the Ghana Empire.

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Kpanlogo

Kpanlogo is a recreational dance and music form originating from the 1960s among urban youth in Accra, Ghana.

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Kudu

The kudus are two species of antelope of the genus Tragelaphus.

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Kushaura

In Shona music, the kushaura is the leading part.

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Kwa languages

The Kwa languages, often specified as New Kwa, are a proposed but as-yet-undemonstrated family of languages spoken in the south-eastern part of Ivory Coast, across southern Ghana, and in central Togo.

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KwaZulu-Natal

KwaZulu-Natal (also referred to as KZN and known as "the garden province") is a province of South Africa that was created in 1994 when the Zulu bantustan of KwaZulu ("Place of the Zulu" in Zulu) and Natal Province were merged.

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Lake Chad

Lake Chad (French: Lac Tchad) is a historically large, shallow, endorheic lake in Africa, which has varied in size over the centuries.

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Lamu

Lamu or Lamu Town is a small town on Lamu Island, which in turn is a part of the Lamu Archipelago in Kenya.

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Lango people

The Lango people are Nilotic ethnic group of northern Uganda.

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Lemba people

The Lemba, wa-Remba, or MwenyeParfitt, Tudor.

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Libya

Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

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Ligbi language

The Ligbi (or Ligby) tribe speaks the Mande language spoken in Ghana in the north-west corner of the Brong-Ahafo Region.

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List of ethnic groups of Africa

The ethnic groups of Africa number in the thousands, with each population generally having its own language (or dialect of a language) and culture.

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List of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number: 322.11

This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 322.11 under that system.

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Lobi people

The Lobi belong to an ethnic group that originated in what is today Ghana.

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Lokanga bara

The lokanga bara (sometimes referred to by the generic term lokanga) is a three-stringed fiddle popular among the Southern Antandroy and Bara ethnic groups of Madagascar.

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Lomwe language

The Lomwe (Lowe) language, Elomwe, also known as Western Makua, is the fourth-largest language in Mozambique.

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Lovale people

The Luvale people, also called (in Angola) the Luena or Lwena,are an ethnic group in Zambia and Angola.

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Lozi language

Lozi, also known as siLozi and Rozi, is a Bantu language of the Niger–Congo language family within the Sotho–Tswana branch of Zone S (S.30), that is spoken by the Lozi people, primarily in southwestern Zambia and in surrounding countries.

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Luapula Province

Luapula Province is one of Zambia's ten provinces located in the northern part of the country.

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Luhya people

The Luhya (also known as Abaluyia or Luyia) are a Bantu ethnic group in Kenya.

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Luo people (Kenya)

The Luo (also called Joluo or Jonagi/Onagi, singular Jaluo, Jaonagi or Joramogi/Nyikwaramogi, meaning "Ramogi's heirs") are an ethnic group in western Kenya, northern Uganda, and in Mara Region in northern Tanzania.

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Luo peoples

The Luo (also spelled Lwo) are several ethnically and linguistically related Nilotic ethnic groups in Africa that inhabit an area ranging from South Sudan and Ethiopia, through Northern Uganda and eastern Congo (DRC), into western Kenya, and the Mara Region of Tanzania.

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Lute

A lute is any plucked string instrument with a neck (either fretted or unfretted) and a deep round back enclosing a hollow cavity, usually with a sound hole or opening in the body.

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Maasai people

Maasai are a Nilotic ethnic group inhabiting central and southern Kenya and northern Tanzania.

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Malawi

Malawi (or; or maláwi), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland.

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Mali

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa, a region geologically identified with the West African Craton.

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Mali Empire

The Mali Empire (Manding: Nyeni or Niani; also historically referred to as the Manden Kurufaba, sometimes shortened to Manden) was an empire in West Africa from 1230 to 1670.

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Maloya

Maloya is one of the two major music genres of Réunion, usually sung in Réunion Creole, and traditionally accompanied by percussion and a musical bow.

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Mande languages

The Mande languages are spoken in several countries in Africa by the Mandé people and include Maninka, Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Dioula, Bozo, Mende, Susu, and Vai.

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Mandinka language

The Mandinka language (Mandi'nka kango), or Mandingo, is a Mandé language spoken by the Mandinka people of the Casamance region of Senegal, the Gambia, and northern Guinea-Bissau.

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Manyika dialect

Manyika is a dialect of the Shona language largely spoken by the Manyika people in the eastern part of Zimbabwe and across the border in Mozambique.

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Maraca

Maraca, sometimes called rumba shaker, shac-shac, and various other names, is a rattle which appears in many genres of Caribbean and Latin music.

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Marovany

The marovany (formerly spelled marouvane) is a suitcase shaped, wooden, type of box zither from Madagascar, used in Malagasy music.

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Mascarene Islands

The Mascarene Islands or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of Mauritius, Réunion and Rodrigues.

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Maskanda

Maskanda (or Maskandi) is a kind of Zulu folk music that is evolving with South African society.

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Matepe

The matepe is a type of lamellophone played in North-Eastern Zimbabwe.

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Mauritania

Mauritania (موريتانيا; Gànnaar; Soninke: Murutaane; Pulaar: Moritani; Mauritanie), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwestern Africa.

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Mazurka

The mazurka (in Polish mazurek, plural mazurki) is a Polish folk dance in triple meter, usually at a lively tempo, and with "strong accents unsystematically placed on the second or third beat".

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Mbaqanga

Mbaqanga is a style of South African music with rural Zulu roots that continues to influence musicians worldwide today.

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Mbira

The mbira is an African musical instrument consisting of a wooden board (often fitted with a resonator) with attached staggered metal tines, played by holding the instrument in the hands and plucking the tines with the thumbs.

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Mbube (genre)

Mbube is a form of South African vocal music, made famous by the South African group Ladysmith Black Mambazo.

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Melody

A melody (from Greek μελῳδία, melōidía, "singing, chanting"), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity.

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Mende language

Mende (Mɛnde yia) is a major language of Sierra Leone, with some speakers in neighboring Liberia.

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Meru people

The Meru, Amîîrú, "Ameru" or Ngaa people are a Bantu ethnic group that inhabit the Meru region of Kenya on the fertile lands of north and eastern slopes of Mount Kenya, in the former Eastern Province of Kenya.

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Metre (music)

In music, metre (Am. meter) refers to the regularly recurring patterns and accents such as bars and beats.

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Middle East Institute

The Middle East Institute (MEI) is a non-profit, non-partisan think tank and cultural center in Washington, D.C., founded in 1946.

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Middle Eastern and North African music traditions

This is a list of folk music traditions, with styles, dances, instruments, and other related topics.

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Mijikenda peoples

Mijikenda ("the Nine Tribes") are a group of nine related Bantu ethnic groups inhabiting the coast of Kenya, between the Sabaki and the Umba rivers, in an area stretching from the border with Tanzania in the south to the border near Somalia in the north.

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Mike Oldfield

Michael Gordon Oldfield (born 15 May 1953) is an English musician and composer.

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Miriam Makeba

Zenzile Miriam Makeba (4 March 1932 – 9 November 2008), nicknamed Mama Africa, was a South African singer, actress, United Nations goodwill ambassador, and civil-rights activist.

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Missionary

A missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to proselytize and/or perform ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.

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Mombasa

Mombasa is a city on the coast of Kenya.

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Morna (music)

The morna (pronunciation in both Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole) is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde.

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Mortar and pestle

A mortar and pestle is a kitchen implement used since ancient times to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder.

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Mossi Kingdoms

The Mossi Kingdoms, sometimes referred to as the Mossi Empire, were a number of different powerful kingdoms in modern-day Burkina Faso which dominated the region of the upper Volta river for hundreds of years.

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Mossi language

The Mossi language (known in the language as Mooré; also Mòoré, Mõõré, Moré, Moshi, Moore, More) is a Gur language of the Oti–Volta branch and one of two official regional languages of Burkina Faso, closely related to the Frafra language spoken just across the border in the northern half of Ghana and less-closely to Dagbani and Mampruli further south.

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Mossi people

The Mossi (or Mole, Mosse, sing. Moaaga) are a people in central Burkina Faso, living mostly in the villages of the Nazinon and Nakanbe (formerly Volta) River Basin. The Mossi are the largest ethnic group in Burkina Faso, constituting more than 40% of the population, or about 6.2 million people. The other 60% of Burkina Faso's population is composed of more than 60 ethnic groups, mainly the Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo and Fulani. The Mossi speak the Mòoré language.

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Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya is the highest mountain in Kenya and the second-highest in Africa, after Kilimanjaro.

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Mozambique

Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest.

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Msondo

The msondo (or msondro) is a type of drum played in the Swahili-speaking world, including Zanzibar and Comoros.

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Music genre

A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions.

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Music of Angola

The music of Angola has been shaped both by wider musical trends and by the political history of the country.

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Music of Benin

Benin has played an important role in the African music scene, producing one of the biggest stars to come out of the continent in Angélique Kidjo.

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Music of Botswana

Botswana is an African country made up of different ethnic groups, although the Batswana are the majority of the population.

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Music of Burkina Faso

The music of Burkina Faso includes the folk music of 60 different ethnic groups.

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Music of Burundi

Burundi is a Central African nation that is closely linked with Rwanda, geographically, historically and culturally.

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Music of Cameroon

The best-known Music of the Cameroon is makossa, a popular style that has gained fans across Africa, and its related dance craze bikutsi.

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Music of Cape Verde

Cape Verde is known internationally for morna, a form of folk music usually sung in the Cape Verdean Creole, accompanied by clarinet, violin, guitar and cavaquinho.

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Music of Chad

Chad is an ethnically diverse Central African country in Africa.

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Music of Ethiopia

The music of Ethiopia is extremely diverse, with each of Ethiopia's ethnic groups being associated with unique sounds.

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Music of Gabon

Gabon's music includes several folk styles and pop.

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Music of Ghana

There are many styles of traditional and modern music of Ghana, due to Ghana's cosmopolitan geographic position on the African continent.

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Music of Guinea

Guinea is a West African nation, composed of several ethnic groups.

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Music of Guinea-Bissau

The music of Guinea-Bissau is most widely associated with the polyrhythmic gumbe genre, the country's primary musical export.

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Music of Iran

The music of Iran encompasses music that is produced by Iranian artists.

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Music of Ivory Coast

The music of Ivory Coast includes music genres of many ethnic communities, often characterised by vocal polyphony especially among the Baoulé, talking drums especially among the Nzema people and by the characteristic polyrhythms found in rhythm in Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Music of Kenya

The music of Kenya is very diverse, with multiple types of folk music based on the variety over 40 regional languages.

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Music of Lesotho

Lesotho is a Southern African nation surrounded entirely by South Africa.

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Music of Liberia

The music of Liberia uses many tribal beats and often one of the native dialects, or vernacular.

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Music of Madagascar

The highly diverse and distinctive music of Madagascar has been shaped by the musical traditions of Southeast Asia, Africa, Arabia, England, France and the United States as successive waves of settlers have made the island their home.

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Music of Malawi

Music of Malawi has historically been influenced through its triple cultural heritage (British, African, American).

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Music of Mali

The Music of Mali is, like that of most African nations, ethnically diverse, but one influence predominates; that of the ancient Mali Empire of the Mandinka (from c. 1230 to c. 1600).

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Music of Mauritius

The traditional music of Mauritius is known as sega music, though reggae, zouk, soukous and other genres are also popular.

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Music of Mozambique

The native folk music of Mozambique has been highly influenced by Portuguese forms.

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Music of Namibia

The music of Namibia has a number of folk styles, as well as pop, rock, reggae, jazz, house and hip hop.

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Music of Niger

The music of Niger has developed from the musical traditions of a mix of ethnic groups; Hausa, the Zarma Songhai people, Tuareg, Fula Kanuri, Toubou, Diffa Arabs and Gurma.

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Music of Nigeria

The music of Nigeria includes many kinds of folk and popular music, some of which are known worldwide.

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Music of Réunion

Réunion is located east of Madagascar and is a province (département) of France.

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Music of Rwanda

The music of Rwanda encompasses Rwandan traditions of folk music as well as contemporary East African Afrobeat and Congolese ndombolo, and performers of a wide variety of Western genres including hip-hop, R&B, gospel music and pop ballads.

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Music of São Tomé and Príncipe

São Tomé and Príncipe is an island country off the coast of Africa.

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Music of Senegal

Senegal's music is best known abroad due to the popularity of mbalax, a development of Serer sabar drumming popularized by Youssou N'Dour.

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Music of Seychelles

The Seychelles, which is an independent island chain in the Indian Ocean, has a distinct kind of music.

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Music of Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone's music is a mixture of native, French, British, West Indian and Creole musical genres.

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Music of Somalia

The Music of Somalia refers to the musical styles, techniques and sounds of Somalia.

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Music of South Africa

The South African music scene includes both popular (jive) and folk forms.

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Music of Sudan

Sudan has a rich and unique musical culture that has been through chronic instability and repression during the modern history of Sudan.

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Music of Swaziland

The music of Swaziland is composed of both ethnic Swazi music and varieties of folk music as well as modern genres such as rock, pop and hip hop, which has been popular in Swaziland since the 1990s, headed by bands such as Vamoose.

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Music of Tanzania

The music of Tanzania stretches from traditional African music to the string-based taarab to a distinctive hip hop known as bongo flava.

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Music of the Central African Republic

Music of the Central African Republic includes many different forms.

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Music of the Comoros

The Comoros is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean, mostly an independent nation but also including the French territory of Mayotte.

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Music of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Music of the Democratic Republic of the Congo varies in its different forms.

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Music of the Gambia

The music of the Gambia is closely linked musically with that of its neighbor, Senegal, which surrounds its inland frontiers completely.

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Music of the Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo is an African nation with close musical ties to its neighbor, the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Music of Togo

The music of Togo has produced a number of internationally known popular entertainers including Bella Bellow, Akofah Akussah, Afia Mala, Itadi Bonney, Wellborn, King Mensah and Jimi Hope.

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Music of Uganda

Uganda, is now ranked number three (3) in Africa as far as music and entertainment is concerned.

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Music of West Africa

The influence of The Music of West Africa can be found in music elsewhere.

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Music of Zambia

The music of Zambia has a rich heritage which falls roughly into three categories: traditional, popular and Christian.

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Music of Zimbabwe

Zimbabwean music includes folk and pop styles.

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Musical bow

The musical bow (bowstring or string bow) is a simple string musical instrument part of a number of South African cultures, also found in other places in the world through the result of slave trade.

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Musical ensemble

A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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Mustapha Tettey Addy

Mustapha Tettey Addy (born 1942 in Avenor, Accra, Ghana) is a Ghanaian master drummer and ethnomusicologist.

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Mwami

Mwami is the chiefly title in Kirundi and Kinyarwanda, the Congolese Nande and Bashi languages, Luhya in Kenya and various other Bantu languages, such as the Tonga language (spoken in Zambia and Zimbabwe).

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Nafana people

The Nafana are a Senufo people living in the north-west of Ghana and the north-east of Côte d'Ivoire, in the area east of Bondoukou.

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Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia (German:; Republiek van Namibië), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean.

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Ndau dialect

Ndau (also called chiNdau, Chindau, Ndzawu, Njao, Sofala, Southeast Shona, Chidanda) is a Bantu language spoken by 1,400,000 people in central Mozambique and southeastern Zimbabwe.

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Ndzendze

The ndzendze (dzendze, dzenzé) is a Comorian musical instrument, of the box-zither type, possibly derived from the Malagasy valiha.

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Ngazargamu

Gazargamo was the capital of the Bornu Empire from ca.

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Ngoma drums

Ngoma (also called engoma or ng'oma or ingoma) are musical instruments used by certain Bantu populations of Africa.

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Ngoni people

The Ngoni people are an ethnic group living in the present-day Southern African countries of Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia.

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Nguni languages

The Nguni languages are a group of Bantu languages spoken in southern Africa by the Nguni people.

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Niger

Niger, also called the Niger officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa named after the Niger River.

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Niger River

The Niger River is the principal river of West Africa, extending about.

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Niger–Congo languages

The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers and number of distinct languages.

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Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.

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Nile

The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.

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Nilotic peoples

The Nilotic peoples are peoples indigenous to the Nile Valley who speak Nilotic languages, which constitute a large sub-group of the Nilo-Saharan languages spoken in South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and northern Tanzania.

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Northern Ndebele language

Northern Ndebele, also called Sindebele, Zimbabwean Ndebele or North Ndebele, and formerly known as Matabele, is an African language belonging to the Nguni group of Bantu languages, spoken by the Northern Ndebele people, or Matabele, of Zimbabwe.

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Northern Province, Zambia

Northern Province is one of Zambia's ten provinces.

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Northern Sotho language

Northern Sotho (Sesotho sa Leboa), also (incorrectly) known by the name of its standardised dialect version Sepedi (or Pedi) is a Bantu language spoken primarily in South Africa, where it is one of the 11 official languages.

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Nuba peoples

Nuba is a collective term used for the various indigenous peoples who inhabit the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan state in Sudan.

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Nuer people

The Nuer people are a Nilotic ethnic group primarily inhabiting the Nile Valley.

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Nyatiti

The nyatiti is a five to eight-stringed plucked lyre from Kenya.

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Nyau

Nyau (also: Nyao meaning mask or initiation) is a secret society of the Chewa, an ethnic group of the Bantu peoples from Central and Southern Africa.

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Nzema people

The Nzema are an Akan people numbering about 328,700, of whom 262,000 live in southwestern Ghana and 66,700 live in the southeast of Côte d'Ivoire.

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Obo

Obo is the capital of Haut-Mbomou, one of the 14 prefectures of the Central African Republic.

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Obo Addy

Obo Addy (January 15, 1936 – September 13, 2012) was a Ghanaian drummer and dancer who was one of the first native African musicians to bring the fusion of traditional folk music and Western pop music known as worldbeat to Europe and then to the Pacific Northwest of the United States in the late 1970s.

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Obokano

The obokano (also spelled obukano) is a large bass bowl lyre from Kenya.

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Ogene

Ogene is a style of Igbo music consisting of, and taking its name from, the ogene instrument, which is a large metal bell.

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Oral history

Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about individuals, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews.

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Ostinato

In music, an ostinato (derived from Italian: stubborn, compare English, from Latin: 'obstinate') is a motif or phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, frequently at the same pitch.

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Ottó Károlyi

Ottó Károlyi (born in Paris), having studied in Budapest, Vienna, and London, was a musicologist and the Senior Lecturer of Music at the University of Stirling, Scotland, where he founded the Music department and remained employed even after the department's closure.

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Oud

The oud (عود) is a short-neck lute-type, pear-shaped stringed instrument (a chordophone in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of instruments) with 11 or 13 strings grouped in 5 or 6 courses, commonly used in Egyptian, Syrian, Palestinian, Lebanese, Iraqi, Arabian, Jewish, Persian, Greek, Armenian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, North African (Chaabi, Classical, and Spanish Andalusian), Somali, and various other forms of Middle Eastern and North African music.

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Ovambo people

The Ovambo people, also called Aawambo, Ambo, Aawambo (Ndonga) or Ovawambo (Kwanyama), are a Southern African tribal ethnic group.

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Ovamboland

Ovamboland (also: Owamboland) is a region of Namibia.

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Pan flute

The pan flutes (also known as panpipes or syrinx) are a group of musical instruments based on the principle of the closed tube, consisting of multiple pipes of gradually increasing length (and occasionally girth).

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Pastoralism

Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock.

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Pedi people

Pedi (also known as BaPedi, Bamaroteng, Marota, Basotho, Northern Sotho) – in its broadest sense – is a cultural/linguistic term.

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Pentatonic scale

A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to the more familiar heptatonic scale that has seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale).

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Percussion instrument

A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater (including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles); struck, scraped or rubbed by hand; or struck against another similar instrument.

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Performing arts

Performing arts are a form of art in which artists use their voices or bodies, often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic expression.

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Phuthi language

Phuthi (Síphùthì) is a Nguni Bantu language spoken in southern Lesotho and areas in South Africa adjacent to the same border.

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Pierre-Laurent Aimard

Pierre-Laurent Aimard (born 9 September 1957) is a French pianist.

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Poet

A poet is a person who creates poetry.

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Polka

The polka is originally a Czech dance and genre of dance music familiar throughout Europe and the Americas.

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Polyphony

In music, polyphony is one type of musical texture, where a texture is, generally speaking, the way that melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic aspects of a musical composition are combined to shape the overall sound and quality of the work.

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Polyrhythm

Polyrhythm is the simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms, that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter.

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Popular music

Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry.

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Poro

The Poro, or Purrah or Purroh, is a men's secret society in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and the Ivory Coast, introduced by the Mande people.

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Pygmy music

Pygmy music refers to the sub-Saharan African music traditions of the Central African foragers (or "Pygmies"), predominantly in the Congo, the Central African Republic and Cameroon.

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Pygmy peoples

In anthropology, pygmy peoples are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short.

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Qanbūs

A qanbūs or gambus (قنبوس.) is a short-necked lute that originated in Yemen and spread throughout the Arabian peninsula.

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Qanun (instrument)

The kanun, ganoun or kanoon (qānūn;kanonaki; קָנוֹן, qanon; fa, qānūn; kanun; k’anon; qanun) is a string instrument played either solo, or more often as part of an ensemble, in much of the Middle East, Maghreb, West Africa, Central Asia, and southeastern regions of Europe.

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Rattle (percussion instrument)

A rattle is a type of percussion instrument which produces a sound when shaken.

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Ravanne

The ravanne is a large tambourine-like instrument used in sega music of Mauritius.

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Rebab

The rebab (ربابة, rabāb, variously spelled rebap, rabab, rebeb, rababa and rabeba, also known as جوزه jawza or joza in Iraq) is a type of a bowed string instrument so named no later than the 8th century and spread via Islamic trading routes over much of North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the Far East.

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Rebec

The rebec (sometimes rebecha, rebeckha, and other spellings, pronounced or) is a bowed stringed instrument of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance era.

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Red Sea

The Red Sea (also the Erythraean Sea) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.

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Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo), also known as the Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.

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Rodrigues

Rodrigues (Île Rodrigues) is a autonomous outer island of the Republic of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, about east of Mauritius.

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Ronga language

Ronga (XiRonga; sometimes ShiRonga or GiRonga) is a south-eastern Bantu language in the Tswa–Ronga family spoken just south of Maputo in Mozambique.

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Royal Drummers of Burundi

The Royal Drummers of Burundi, commonly known in recordings as The Drummers of Burundi, is a percussion ensemble originally from Burundi.

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Rwanda

Rwanda (U Rwanda), officially the Republic of Rwanda (Repubulika y'u Rwanda; République du Rwanda), is a sovereign state in Central and East Africa and one of the smallest countries on the African mainland.

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Sacred

Sacred means revered due to sanctity and is generally the state of being perceived by religious individuals as associated with divinity and considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspiring awe or reverence among believers.

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Sahel

The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the Sudanian Savanna to the south.

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Salegy

Salegy is a popular music genre from Madagascar.

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Samburu people

Samburu are a Nilotic people of north-central Kenya.

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San people

No description.

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Sao civilisation

The Sao civilisation flourished in Middle Africa from ca.

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Sara people

The Sara people are an ethnic group predominantly residing in southern Chad, the northwestern areas of the Central African Republic, and the southern border of North Sudan.

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Sayfawa dynasty

Sayfawa dynasty or more properly Sefuwa dynasty is the name of the kings (or mai, as they called themselves) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire, centered first in Kanem in western Chad, and then, after 1380, in Borno (today north-eastern Nigeria).

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Sega

Sega Games Co., Ltd., originally short for Service Games and officially styled as SEGA, is a Japanese multinational video game developer and publisher headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with offices around the world.

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Senegal

Senegal (Sénégal), officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country in West Africa.

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Senegambian languages

The Senegambian or Northern (West) Atlantic languages are a branch of Niger–Congo languages centered on Senegal (and Senegambia), with most languages spoken there and in neighboring southern Mauritania, Guinea-Bissau, and Guinea.

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Senufo languages

The Senufo or Senufic languages (Senoufo in French) has around 15 languages spoken by the Senufo in the north of Ivory Coast, the south of Mali and the southwest of Burkina Faso.

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Senufo people

The Senufo people, also known as Siena, Senefo, Sene, Senoufo, Syénambélé and Bamana, are a West African ethnolinguistic group.

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Serer people

The Serer people are a West African ethnoreligious group.

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Shekere

The shekere (from Yoruba Ṣẹ́kẹrẹ) is a West African percussion instrument consisting of a dried gourd with beads or cowries woven into a net covering the gourd.

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Shield

A shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand or mounted on the wrist or forearm.

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Shilluk people

The Shilluk (Shilluk: Chollo) are a major Luo Nilotic ethnic group of Southern Sudan, living on both banks of the river Nile, in the vicinity of the city of Malakal.

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Shirazi era

The "Shirazi era" refers to a mythic origin in the history of Southeast Africa (and especially Tanzania), between the 13th century and 15th century.

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Shona language

Shona (chiShona) is the most widely spoken Bantu language as a first language and is native to the Shona people of Zimbabwe.

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Shona music

Shona music is the music of the Shona people of Zimbabwe.

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Snare drum

A snare drum or side drum is a percussion instrument that produces a sharp staccato sound when the head is struck with a drum stick, due to the use of a series of stiff wires held under tension against the lower skin.

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Sodina

A Sodina is a woodwind instrument commonly played in Malagasy music and a member of the aerophone family of instruments.

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Sokoto Caliphate

The Sokoto Caliphate was an independent Islamic Sunni Caliphate, in West Africa.

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Songhai Empire

The Songhai Empire (also transliterated as Songhay) was a state that dominated the western Sahel in the 15th and 16th century.

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Songhai people

The Songhai people (also Songhay or Sonrai) are an ethnic group in West Africa who speak the various Songhai languages.

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Soninke language

The Soninke language (Soninke: Sooninkanxanne) is a Mande language spoken by the Soninke people of Africa.

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Soshangane

Soshangane kaZikode, born Soshangane Nxumalo, was the founder and self-crowned king of the Gaza Empire, which at the height of its power stretched over modern-day southern Mozambique and all the way to the Limpopo River.

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Sotho language

Sotho (Sesotho; also known as Southern Sotho, or Southern Sesotho, Historically also Suto, or Suthu, Souto, Sisutho, Sutu, or Sesutu, according to the pronunciation of the name.) is a Southern Bantu language of the Sotho-Tswana (S.30) group, spoken primarily in South Africa, where it is one of the 11 official languages, and in Lesotho, where it is the national language.

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Sotho–Tswana languages

The Sotho–Tswana languages are a group of closely related Southern Bantu languages spoken in Southern Africa.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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South Sudan

South Sudan, officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa.

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Southern Africa

Southern Africa is the southernmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics, and including several countries.

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Southern Bantu languages

The Southern Bantu languages are a large group of Bantu languages, largely validated in Janson (1991/92).

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Southern Ndebele language

Southern Ndebele, also known as Transvaal Ndebele, isiNdebele, Ndebele or South Ndebele, is an African language belonging to the Nguni group of Bantu languages, spoken by the Ndebele people of South Africa.

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Spear

A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head.

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Steve Reich

Stephen Michael Reich (born October 3, 1936) is an American composer who, along with La Monte Young, Terry Riley, and Philip Glass, pioneered minimal music in the mid to late 1960s.

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String instrument

String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.

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Sudan

The Sudan or Sudan (السودان as-Sūdān) also known as North Sudan since South Sudan's independence and officially the Republic of the Sudan (جمهورية السودان Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa.

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Sudanian Savanna

The Sudanian Savanna is a broad belt of tropical savanna that runs east and west across the African continent, from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the western lowlands in the east.

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Sukuti

Sukuti (सुकुटी) is a traditional dried meat dish of Nepal, and a staple dish of the Limbu people.

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Sultanate of Bagirmi

The Sultanate or Kingdom of Bagirmi or Baghermi (Royaume du Baguirmi) was a kingdom and Islamic sultanate southeast of Lake Chad in central Africa between 1522 and 1897.

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Sundiata Keita

Sundiata Keita (Mandinka, Malinke, Bambara) (1217 – c. 1255) (also known as Manding Diara, Lion of Mali, Sogolon Djata, son of Sogolon, Nare Maghan and Sogo Sogo Simbon Salaba) was a puissant prince and founder of the Mali Empire.

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Susu language

The Susu language (endonym Sosoxui; Soussou) is the language of the Susu or ''Soso'' people of Guinea and Sierra Leone, West Africa.

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Susu people

The Susu people, also called Soso or Soussou, are a West African ethnic group, one of the Mandé peoples living primarily in Guinea and Northwestern Sierra Leone, particularly in Kambia District.

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Swahili culture

Swahili culture is the culture of the Swahili people inhabiting the Swahili Coast.

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Swazi language

The Swazi or Swati language (Swazi: siSwati) is a Bantu language of the Nguni group spoken in Swaziland and South Africa by the Swazi people.

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Taarab

Taarab is a music genre popular in Tanzania and Kenya.

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Tabla

The tabla is a membranophone percussion instrument originating from the Indian subcontinent, consisting of a pair of drums, used in traditional, classical, popular and folk music.

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Taishōgoto

The, or Nagoya harp, is a Japanese stringed musical instrument.

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Takai

Takai is a Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria.

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Talking drum

The talking drum is an hourglass-shaped drum from West Africa, whose pitch can be regulated to mimic the tone and prosody of human speech.

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Tambour

In classical architecture, a tambour (Fr.: "drum") is the inverted bell of the Corinthian capital around which are carved acanthus leaves for decoration.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a sovereign state in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Tempo

In musical terminology, tempo ("time" in Italian; plural: tempi) is the speed or pace of a given piece.

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The Gambia

No description.

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Tibesti Mountains

The Tibesti Mountains are a mountain range in the central Sahara, primarily located in the extreme north of Chad, with a small extension into southern Libya.

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Togo

Togo, officially the Togolese Republic (République Togolaise), is a sovereign state in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north.

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Tonality

Tonality is the arrangement of pitches and/or chords of a musical work in a hierarchy of perceived relations, stabilities, attractions and directionality.

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Tone (linguistics)

Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning – that is, to distinguish or to inflect words.

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Tonga

Tonga (Tongan: Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited.

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Tonga (Nyasa) language

Tonga is a Bantu language spoken by 170,000 people mainly in the Nkhata Bay District of Malawi, on the shores of Lake Malawi facing the islands of Likoma and Chizumulu.

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Toubou people

The Toubou, or Tubu (from Old Tebu, meaning "rock people"), are an ethnic group inhabiting northern Chad, southern Libya, northeastern Niger and northwestern Sudan.

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Toucouleur people

The Toucouleur people, also called Tukulor or Haalpulaar are a West African ethnic group native to Futa Tooro region of Senegal.

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Trumpet

A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.

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Tsonga language

Tsonga (Xitsonga) is a southern African Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people.

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Tswa language

Tswa (Xitswa) is a South-Eastern Bantu language in Southern Mozambique.

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Tswa–Ronga languages

The Tswa–Ronga languages are a group of closely related Southern Bantu languages spoken in Southern Africa chiefly in southern Mozambique, northeastern South Africa and southeastern Zimbabwe.

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Tswana language

No description.

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Tuareg people

The Tuareg people (also spelt Twareg or Touareg; endonym: Kel Tamasheq, Kel Tagelmust) are a large Berber ethnic confederation.

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Tumbuka people

The Tumbuka, also called Tumboka, Kamanga, Batumbuka, Matumbuka, is an ethnic group found in Northern Malawi, Eastern Zambia and Southern Tanzania.

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Turkana people

The Turkana are a Nilotic people native to the Turkana District in northwest Kenya, a semi-arid climate region bordering Lake Turkana in the east, Pokot, Rendille and Samburu people to the south, Uganda to the west, and South Sudan and Ethiopia to the north.

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Tutsi

The Tutsi, or Abatutsi, are a social class or ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region.

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Twelve-string guitar

The 12-string guitar is a steel-string guitar with 12 strings in six courses, which produces a richer, more ringing tone than a standard six-string guitar.

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Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda), is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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Umuduri

The umuduri is a Burundian and Rwandan stringed instrument.

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Upper Nile (state)

Upper Nile was one of the states of South Sudan.

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Vai language

The Vai language, also called Vy or Gallinas, is a Mande language spoken by the Vai people, roughly 104,000 in Liberia, and by smaller populations, some 15,500, in Sierra Leone.

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Valiha

The valiha is a tube zither from Madagascar made from a species of local bamboo; it is considered the "national instrument" of Madagascar.

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Vassal

A vassal is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.

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Venda

Venda was a Bantustan in northern South Africa, close to the South African border with Zimbabwe to the north, while to the south and east, it shared a long border with another black homeland, Gazankulu.

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Venda language

Venda, also known as Tshivenḓa or Luvenḓa, is a Bantu language and an official language of South Africa.

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Vocal harmony

Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture.

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Vocal music

Vocal music is a type of music performed by one or more singers, either with instrumental accompaniment, or without instrumental accompaniment (a cappella), in which singing provides the main focus of the piece.

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Waalo

Walo (Waalo was a kingdom on the lower Senegal River in West Africa, in what are now Senegal and Mauritania. It included parts of the valley proper and areas north and south, extending to the Atlantic Ocean. To the north were Moorish emirates; to the south was the kingdom of Cayor; to the east was Jolof. Waalo had a complicated political and social system, which has a continuing influence on Wolof culture in Senegal today, especially its highly formalized and rigid caste system. The kingdom was indirectly hereditary, ruled by three matrilinial families: the Logar, the Tedyek and the Joos, all from different ethnic backgrounds. The Joos were of Serer origin. This Serer matriclan was established in Waalo by Lingeer Ndoye Demba of Sine. Her grandmother Lingeer Fatim Beye is the matriarch and early ancestor of this dynasty. These matrilinial families engaged in constant dynastic struggles to become "Brak" or king of Waalo, as well as warring with Waalo's neighbors. The royal title "Lingeer" means queen or royal princess, used by the Serer and Wolof. Waalo was founded in 1287. The semi-legendary figure NDiadiane Ndiaye, was from this kingdom. The mysterious figure went on to rule the kingdom of Jolof. Under NDdiadian, Jolof made Waalo a vassal. The royal capital of Waalo was first Ndiourbel (Guribel) on the north bank of the Senegal River (in modern Mauritania), then Ndiangué on the south bank of the river, then the capital was moved to Nder on the west shore of the Lac de Guiers. Waalo was subject to constant raids for slaves not only from the Moors but also in the internecine wars. The Brak ruled with a kind of legislature, the Seb Ak Baor, over a complicated hierarchy of officials and dignitaries. Women had high positions and figure promininently in the political and military history. Waalo had lucrative treaties with the French, who had established their base at the island of Saint-Louis (now Saint-Louis, Senegal) near the mouth of the river. Waalo was paid fees for every boatload of gum arabic or slaves that was shipped on the river, in return for its "protection" of the trade. Eventually this protection became ineffective. Vassals of Waalo, like Beetyo (Bethio) split off. In all, Waalo had 52 kings since its founding. Waalo had its own traditional African religion. The ruling class was slow to accept Islam, which had spread in the valley; the Brak converted only in the 19th century.

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Wadai Empire

The Wadai Empire or Sultanate (سلطنة وداي, royaume du Ouaddaï; 1635–1912) was a kingdom located to the east of Lake Chad in present-day Chad and in the Central African Republic.

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Waka music

Waka music is a popular Islamic-oriented Yoruba musical genre.

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War dance

A war dance is a dance involving mock combat, usually in reference to tribal warrior societies where such dances were performed as a ritual connected with endemic warfare.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Water drum

Water drums are a category of membranophone characterized by the filling of the drum chamber with some amount of water to create a unique resonant sound.

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West African Vodun

Vodun (meaning spirit in the Fon and Ewe languages, with a nasal high-tone u; also spelled Vodon, Vodoun, Vodou, Voudou, Voodoo, etc.) is practiced by the Fon people of Benin, and southern and central Togo; as well in Ghana, and Nigeria.

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Whistle

A whistle is an instrument which produces sound from a stream of gas, most commonly air.

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Winneba

Winneba, is a town and the capital of Effutu Municipal District in Central Region of South Ghana.

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Wolof music

The Wolof, the largest ethnic group in Senegal, have a distinctive musical tradition that, along with the influence of neighboring Fulani, Tukulor, Serer, Jola, and Malinke cultures, has contributed greatly to popular Senegalese music, and to West African music in general.

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Wolof people

The Wolof people are a West African ethnic group found in northwestern Senegal, The Gambia and southwestern coastal Mauritania.

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Work song

A work song is a piece of music closely connected to a form of work, either sung while conducting a task (usually to coordinate timing) or a song linked to a task which might be a connected narrative, description, or protest song.

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Xalam

Xalam (in Serer, or khalam in Wolof) is a traditional stringed musical instrument from West Africa.

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Xhosa language

Xhosa (Xhosa: isiXhosa) is a Nguni Bantu language with click consonants ("Xhosa" begins with a click) and one of the official languages of South Africa.

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Xhosa music

Xhosa music has long been a major part of the music of South Africa, especially in the field of jazz.

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Xylophone

The xylophone (from the Greek words ξύλον—xylon, "wood" + φωνή—phōnē, "sound, voice", meaning "wooden sound") is a musical instrument in the percussion family that consists of wooden bars struck by mallets.

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Yacub Addy

Yacub Addy (born 1931) was a Ghanaian traditional drummer, composer and choreographer who collaborated with Wynton Marsalis.

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Yao people (East Africa)

The Yao people, waYao, are a major Bantu ethnic and linguistic group based at the southern end of Lake Malawi, who played an important part in the history of Southeast Africa during the 19th century.

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Yelli

Yelli is the song sung by Baka women early in the morning.

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Yombe people

At least two groups of people in Africa are described as the Yombe people.

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Yoruba language

Yoruba (Yor. èdè Yorùbá) is a language spoken in West Africa.

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Yoruba music

The music of the Yoruba people of Nigeria, Togo, and Benin are perhaps best known for an extremely advanced drumming tradition, especially using the dundun hourglass tension drums.

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Zaghawa people

The Zaghawa people, also called Beri or Zakhawa, are a Central African Muslim ethnic group of eastern Chad and western Sudan, including Darfur.

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Zambia

Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in south-central Africa, (although some sources prefer to consider it part of the region of east Africa) neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west.

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Zande people

The Azande (plural of "Zande" in the Zande language) are an ethnic group of North Central Africa.

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Zanzibar

Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous region of Tanzania.

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Zaramo people

The Zaramo people, also referred to as Dzalamo or Saramo, are an East African ethnic group found along the coast of Tanzania, particularly in its Pwani Region.

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Zarma language

Zarma (also spelled Djerma, Dyabarma, Dyarma, Dyerma, Adzerma, Zabarma, Zarbarma, Zarma, Zarmaci or Zerma) is one of the Songhay languages.

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Zarma people

The Zarma people are an ethnic group predominantly found in westernmost Niger also found in significant numbers in the adjacent areas of Nigeria and Benin, along with smaller numbers in Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Ghana.

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Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa, Botswana, Zambia and Mozambique. The capital and largest city is Harare. A country of roughly million people, Zimbabwe has 16 official languages, with English, Shona, and Ndebele the most commonly used. Since the 11th century, present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade. The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923. In 1965, the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia. The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty as Zimbabwe in April 1980. Zimbabwe then joined the Commonwealth of Nations, from which it was suspended in 2002 for breaches of international law by its then government and from which it withdrew from in December 2003. It is a member of the United Nations, the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). It was once known as the "Jewel of Africa" for its prosperity. Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980, when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule; he was the President of Zimbabwe from 1987 until his resignation in 2017. Under Mugabe's authoritarian regime, the state security apparatus dominated the country and was responsible for widespread human rights violations. Mugabe maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric of the Cold War era, blaming Zimbabwe's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries. Contemporary African political leaders were reluctant to criticise Mugabe, who was burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials, though Archbishop Desmond Tutu called him "a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator". The country has been in economic decline since the 1990s, experiencing several crashes and hyperinflation along the way. On 15 November 2017, in the wake of over a year of protests against his government as well as Zimbabwe's rapidly declining economy, Mugabe was placed under house arrest by the country's national army in a coup d'état. On 19 November 2017, ZANU-PF sacked Robert Mugabe as party leader and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place. On 21 November 2017, Mugabe tendered his resignation prior to impeachment proceedings being completed.

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Zither

Zither is a class of stringed instruments.

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Zulu language

Zulu (Zulu: isiZulu) is the language of the Zulu people, with about 10 million speakers, the vast majority (over 95%) of whom live in South Africa.

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Zulu music

The Zulu are a South African ethnic group.

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Zulu people

The Zulu (amaZulu) are a Bantu ethnic group of Southern Africa and the largest ethnic group in South Africa, with an estimated 10–12 million people living mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal.

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Redirects here:

East African music, List of Sub-Saharan African folk music traditions, List of Sub-Saharan African music traditions, Mangwilo, Music of Sub-Saharan Africa, Sub-Saharan African music, Sub-Saharan music.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African_music_traditions

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