Federal subjects of Russia

The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation (субъекты Российской Федерации subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii) or simply as the subjects of the federation (субъекты федерации subyekty federatsii), are the constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political divisions according to the Constitution of Russia. ^[1]

Abakan

Abakan (p; Khakas: Ағбан or Абахан) is the capital city of the Republic of Khakassia, Russia, located in the central part of Minusinsk Depression, at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers.

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Administrative division

An administrative division, unit, entity, area or region, also referred to as a subnational entity, statoid, constituent unit, or country subdivision, is a portion of a country or other region delineated for the purpose of administration.

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Adygea

The Republic of Adygea (r; Адыгэ Республик, Adygæ Respublik), also known as the Adyghe Republic, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), with its territory enclaved within Krasnodar Krai.

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Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug

Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug was an autonomous okrug of Russia.

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Altai Krai

Altai Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai).

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Altai Republic

The Altai Republic (Респу́блика Алта́й, Respublika Altay,; Altai: Алтай Республика, Altay Respublika) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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American Translators Association

The American Translators Association (ATA) was founded in 1959 and is now the largest professional association of translators and interpreters in the United States with more than 10,000 members in 90 countries.

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Amur Oblast

Amur Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya Rivers in the Russian Far East.

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Anadyr (town)

Anadyr (p; Chukchi: Кагыргын, Kagyrgyn) is a port town and the administrative center of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located at the mouth of the Anadyr River, on the tip of the southern promontory that protrudes into Anadyrsky Liman.

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Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk (p), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia.

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Arkhangelsk Oblast

Arkhangelsk Oblast (Арха́нгельская о́бласть, Arkhangelskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Astrakhan

Astrakhan (p) is a city in southern Russia and the administrative center of Astrakhan Oblast.

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Astrakhan Oblast

Astrakhan Oblast (Астраха́нская о́бласть, Astrakhanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia.

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Asymmetric federalism

Asymmetric federalism or asymmetrical federalism is found in a federation or confederation in which different constituent states possess different powers: one or more of the states has considerably more autonomy than the other substates, although they have the same constitutional status.

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Autonomous administrative division

An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has a degree of self-governance, or autonomy, from an external authority.

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Autonomous oblasts of Russia

The Russian Federation is divided into 83 federal subjects.

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Autonomous okrugs of Russia

Autonomous okrug (t), occasionally also referred to as "autonomous district", "autonomous area", and "autonomous region", is a type of federal subject of Russia and simultaneously an administrative division type of some federal subjects.

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Balashikha

Balashikha (p) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pekhorka River east of Moscow Ring Road.

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Barnaul

Barnaul (p) is a city and the administrative center of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob Rivers in the West Siberian Plain.

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Bashkortostan

The Republic of Bashkortostan (Башҡортостан Республикаһы, p), also historically known as Bashkiria (p), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic (state)).

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Belgorod

Belgorod (p) is a city and the administrative center of Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Seversky Donets River north of the border with Ukraine.

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Belgorod Oblast

Belgorod Oblast (Белгоро́дская о́бласть, Belgorodskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Berwin Leighton Paisner

Berwin Leighton Paisner (BLP) was an international law firm with 14 offices across 10 countries globally.

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Birobidzhan

Birobidzhan (p; ביראָבידזשאַן, Birobidzshan) is a town and the administrative center of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia, located on the Trans-Siberian Railway, close to the border with China.

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Blagoveshchensk

Blagoveshchensk (p, lit. the city of the Annunciation) is a city and the administrative center of Amur Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Amur and Zeya Rivers, opposite to the Chinese city of Heihe.

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Bryansk

Bryansk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Moscow.

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Bryansk Oblast

Bryansk Oblast (Бря́нская о́бласть, Bryanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Buryatia

The Republic of Buryatia (p; Buryaad Ulas) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in Asia in Siberia.

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Central Black Earth economic region

Central Black Earth Economic Region (Центра́льно-Чернозёмный экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Tsentralno-Chernozyomny ekonomichesky rayon), sometimes called Central Chernozem or Central Chernozemic economic region, is one of 12 economic regions of Russia.

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Central economic region

Central Economic Region (Центра́льный экономи́ческий райо́н, Tsentralny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Central Federal District

The Central Federal District (p) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Cheboksary

Cheboksary (p; Шупашкар, Šupaškar) is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia and a port on the Volga River.

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Chechnya

The Chechen Republic (tɕɪˈtɕɛnskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə; Нохчийн Республика, Noxçiyn Respublika), commonly referred to as Chechnya (p; Нохчийчоь, Noxçiyçö), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.

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Chelyabinsk

Chelyabinsk (a) is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia.

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Chelyabinsk Oblast

Chelyabinsk Oblast (Челя́бинская о́бласть, Chelyabinskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia in the Ural Mountains region, on the border of Europe and Asia.

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Cherepovets

Cherepovets (p) is a city in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the west of the oblast on the banks of the Sheksna River (a tributary of the Volga River) and on the shores of the Rybinsk Reservoir.

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Cherkessk

Cherkessk (Черке́сск) is the capital city of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia, as well as its political, economic, and cultural center.

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Chita Oblast

Chita Oblast (p) was a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in southeast Siberia, Russia.

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Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai

Chita (p) is a city and the administrative center of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Chita and Ingoda Rivers and on the Trans-Siberian Railway, east of Irkutsk.

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Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (p; Chukchi: Чукоткакэн автономныкэн округ, Chukotkaken avtonomnyken okrug) or Chukotka (Чуко́тка) is a federal subject (an autonomous okrug) of Russia.

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Chuvashia

The Chuvash Republic (Чува́шская Респу́блика — Чува́шия, Chuvashskaya Respublika — Chuvashiya; Чӑваш Республики, Čăvaš Respubliki), or Chuvashia (Чува́шия Chuvashiya; Чӑваш Ен, Čăvaš Jen), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Constitution of Russia

The current Constitution of the Russian Federation (Конституция Российской Федерации, Konstitutsiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii) was adopted by national referendum on.

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Dagestan

The Republic of Dagestan (Респу́блика Дагеста́н), or simply Dagestan (or; Дагеста́н), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia, located in the North Caucasus region.

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Decree of the President of Russia

A Decree of the President of the Russian Federation (Указ Президента Российской Федерации; Ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii) or Executive Order (Decree) of the President of Russia is a legal act (ukase) with the status of a by-law made by the Russian president.

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Dissolution of the Soviet Union

The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union.

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Dominant-party system

A dominant-party system, or one-party dominant system, is a system where there is "a category of parties/political organisations that have successively won election victories and whose future defeat cannot be envisaged or is unlikely for the foreseeable future."Suttner, R. (2006), "Party dominance 'theory': Of what value?", Politikon 33 (3), pp.

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East Siberian economic region

East Siberian economic region (Восто́чно-Сиби́рский экономи́ческий райо́н, Vostochno-Sibirsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Economic regions of Russia

Russia is divided into twelve economic regions (экономи́ческие райо́ны, ekonomicheskiye rayony, sing. ekonomichesky rayon)—groups of federal subjects sharing the following characteristics.

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Elista

Elista (p or;"Большой энциклопедический словарь", под ред. А. М. Прохорова. Москва и Санкт-Петербург, 1997, стр. 1402, Elst)The approximate pronunciation of the Cyrillic Kalmyk name in IPA is.

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Evenk Autonomous Okrug

Evenk Autonomous Okrug (Эвенки́йский автоно́мный о́круг, Evenkiysky avtonomny okrug; Evenki: Эведы Автомоды Округ, Ēvēde Avtōmōde Okrug), or Evenkia, was a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Krasnoyarsk Krai).

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Far Eastern economic region

Far Eastern economic region (Дальневосто́чный экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Dalnevostochny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia, and effectively encompasses the same area as the Far Eastern Federal District.

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Far Eastern Federal District

The Far Eastern Federal District (Дальневосто́чный федера́льный о́круг, Dalnevostochny federalny okrug) is the largest of the eight federal districts of Russia but the least populated, with a population of 6,293,129 (74.8% urban) according to the 2010 Census.

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Federal Assembly (Russia)

The Federal Assembly (p) is the national legislature of the Russian Federation, according to the Constitution of Russian Federation (1993).

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Federal cities of Russia

A city of federal importance (r) or federal city in Russia is a city that has a status of both an inhabited locality and a constituent federal subject.

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Federal districts of Russia

The federal districts (федера́льные округа́, federalnyye okruga) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia.

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Federal republic

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government.

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Federal subjects of Russia

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Federation Council (Russia)

The Federation Council (Сове́т Федера́ции; Sovet Federatsii, common abbreviation: Совфед (Sovfed) or Senate) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (the parliament of the Russian Federation), according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation.

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Flags of the federal subjects of Russia

This gallery of flags of federal subjects of Russia shows the flags of the 85 federal subjects of Russia.

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Flags of the Soviet Republics

The Flags of the Soviet Socialist Republics were all defaced versions of the flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a golden hammer and sickle, (the only exception being the Georgian SSR, which used a red hammer and sickle), and a gold-bordered red star on a red field.

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Forest cover by federal subject in Russia

The forest cover in Russia by federal subject as published by the Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System.

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Gatchina

Gatchina (Га́тчина) is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Gorno-Altaysk

Gorno-Altaysk (Го́рно-Алта́йск,; Туулу Алтай, Tuulu Altay) is the capital town of the Altai Republic, Russia.

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Governor (Russia)

The highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation or the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation (высшее должностное лицо субъекта Российской Федерации) or the head of the highest executive body of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation (руководитель высшего исполнительного органа государственной власти субъекта Российской Федерации), colloquially and collectively referred to as the title governor (губернатор - gubernator) or head of region (глава региона - glava regiona), is the head and the chief executive of each the federal subjects of Russia, not directly subordinate to the federal authorities, but the political and ceremonial head of the federal subject, all of which are equal constituent entities of Russia.

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Grozny

Grozny (p; Соьлжа-ГӀала) is the capital city of the Chechen Republic, Russia.

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History of the administrative division of Russia

The modern administrative-territorial structure of Russia is a system of territorial organization which is a product of a centuries-long evolution and reforms.

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Ingushetia

The Republic of Ingushetia (rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə ɪnɡʊˈʂetʲɪjə; Гӏалгӏай Мохк), also referred to as simply Ingushetia, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the North Caucasus region.

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Irkutsk

Irkutsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, and one of the largest cities in Siberia.

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Irkutsk Oblast

Irkutsk Oblast (Ирку́тская о́бласть, Irkutskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southeastern Siberia in the basins of the Angara, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers.

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ISO 3166-2:RU

ISO 3166-2:RU is the entry for Russia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for some of the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

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Ivanovo

Ivanovo (p) is a city and the administrative center of Ivanovo Oblast, Russia, located from Moscow and approximately from Yaroslavl, Vladimir, and Kostroma.

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Ivanovo Oblast

Ivanovo Oblast (Ива́новская о́бласть, Ivanovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Izhevsk

Izhevsk (p; Иж, Iž, or Ижкар, Ižkar) is the capital city of the Udmurt Republic, Russia, located along the Izh River in the Western Ural Mountains.

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Jewish Autonomous Oblast

The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть, Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast; ייִדישע אװטאָנאָמע געגנט, yidishe avtonome GegntIn standard Yiddish: ייִדישע אױטאָנאָמע געגנט, Yidishe Oytonome Gegnt) is a federal subject of Russia in the Russian Far East, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China.

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Kabardino-Balkaria

The Kabardino-Balkar Republic (Кабарди́но-Балка́рская Респу́блика, Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika; Kabardian: Къэбэрдей-Балъкъэр Республикэ, Ķêbêrdej-Baĺķêr Respublikê; Karachay-Balkar: Къабарты-Малкъар Республика, Qabartı-Malqar Respublika), or Kabardino-Balkaria (Кабарди́но-Балка́рия, Kabardino-Balkariya), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in the North Caucasus.

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Kaliningrad

Kaliningrad (p; former German name: Königsberg; Yiddish: קעניגסבערג, Kenigsberg; r; Old Prussian: Twangste, Kunnegsgarbs, Knigsberg; Polish: Królewiec) is a city in the administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea.

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Kaliningrad economic region

Kaliningrad economic region is an economic region of Russia consisting of Kaliningrad Oblast.

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Kaliningrad Oblast

Kaliningrad Oblast (Калинингра́дская о́бласть, Kaliningradskaya oblast), often referred to as the Kaliningrad Region in English, or simply Kaliningrad, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea.

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Kalmykia

The Republic of Kalmykia (p; Хальмг Таңһч, Xaľmg Tañhç) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Kaluga

Kaluga (p) is a city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River southwest of Moscow.

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Kaluga Oblast

Kaluga Oblast (Калу́жская о́бласть, Kaluzhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Kamchatka Krai

Kamchatka Krai (p) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.

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Kamchatka Oblast

Kamchatka Oblast (Камча́тская о́бласть, Kamchatskaya oblast) was, until being incorporated into Kamchatka Krai on July 1, 2007, a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Karachay-Cherkessia

The Karachay-Cherkess Republic (Карача́ево-Черке́сская Респу́блика, Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika; Karachay-Balkar: Къарачай-Черкес Республика, Qaraçay-Çerkes Respublika; Kabardian: Къэрэшей-Шэрджэс Республикэ, Ķêrêšei-Šêrdžês Respublikê, Nogai: Карашай-Шеркеш Республикасы, Qaraşay-Şerkeş Respublikası) or Karachay-Cherkessia (Карача́ево-Черке́сия) is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.

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Kazan

Kazan (p; Казан) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.

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Kemerovo

Kemerovo (p) is an industrial city and the administrative center of Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Iskitim and Tom Rivers, in the major coal mining region of the Kuznetsk Basin.

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Kemerovo Oblast

Kemerovo Oblast (Ке́меровская о́бласть, Kemerovskaya oblast), also known as Kuzbass (Кузба́сс) after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia, where the West Siberian Plain meets the South Siberian mountains.

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Khabarovsk

Khabarovsk (p;; ᠪᠣᡥᠣᡵᡳ|v.

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Khabarovsk Krai

Khabarovsk Krai (p) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.

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Khakassia

The Republic of Khakassia (r,; Khakas: Хака́с Респу́бликазы, tr. Khakás Respúblikazy), or simply Khakassia (Хака́сия; Khakas: Хака́сия) is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia.

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Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug

Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra or Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (Ха́нты-Манси́йский автоно́мный о́круг — Югра́, Khanty-Mansiysky avtonomny okrug – Yugra), is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast).

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Khanty-Mansiysk

Khanty-Mansiysk (Ха́нты-Манси́йск, lit. Khanty-Mansi Town; Khanty: Ёмвош, Yomvosh; Mansi: Абга, Abga) is a town and the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia.

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Kirov Oblast

Kirov Oblast (Ки́ровская о́бласть, Kirovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Kirov, Kirov Oblast

Kirov (p), formerly known as Vyatka (Вя́тка) and Khlynov (Хлы́нов), is a city and the administrative center of Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyatka River.

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Kolpino, Saint Petersburg

Kolpino (Ко́лпино; Kolpina, Kolppina, or Kolppana) is a municipal city in Kolpinsky District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Izhora River (Neva's tributary) southeast of St. Petersburg proper.

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Komi Republic

The Komi Republic (r; Komi Respublika) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Komi-Permyak Okrug

Komi-Permyak Okrug (Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий о́круг, Komi-Permyatsky okrug; Перым Коми кытш), or Permyakia is a territory with special status within Perm Krai, Russia.

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Koryak Okrug

Koryak Okrug (Korjakskij okrug; Koryak: Чав’чываокруг, Čav’čyvaokrug), or Koryakia Korjakija), is an administrative division of Kamchatka Krai, Russia.

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Kostroma

Kostroma (p) is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia.

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Kostroma Oblast

Kostroma Oblast (Костромска́я о́бласть, Kostromskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Krai

A krai or kray (край, края́, kraya) was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and in the Russian SFSR, and it is one of the types of the federal subjects of modern Russia.

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Krais of Russia

A krai (p) is a type of federal subject of Russia.

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Krasnodar

Krasnodar (p) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Kuban River, approximately northeast of the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk.

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Krasnodar Krai

Krasnodar Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and administratively a part of the Southern Federal District.

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Krasnoyarsk

Krasnoyarsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River.

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Krasnoyarsk Krai

Krasnoyarsk Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), with its administrative center in the city of Krasnoyarsk—the third-largest city in Siberia (after Novosibirsk and Omsk).

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Kronstadt

Kronstadt (Кроншта́дт), also spelled Kronshtadt, Cronstadt or Kronštádt (Krone for "crown" and Stadt for "city"; Kroonlinn), is a municipal town in Kronshtadtsky District of the federal city of Saint Petersburg, Russia, located on Kotlin Island, west of Saint Petersburg proper near the head of the Gulf of Finland.

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Kurgan Oblast

Kurgan Oblast (Курга́нская о́бласть, Kurganskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast

Kurgan (p) is the city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast, Russia.

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Kursk

Kursk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym Rivers.

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Kursk Oblast

Kursk Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Kyzyl

Kyzyl (p; Кызыл, Kьzьl/Kızıl) is the capital city of the Tuva Republic, Russia.

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Leningrad Oblast

Leningrad Oblast (lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Lipetsk

Lipetsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don basin, southeast of Moscow.

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Lipetsk Oblast

Lipetsk Oblast (Ли́пецкая о́бласть, Lipetskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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List of federal subjects of Russia by GDP per capita

This is a list of Russian federal subjects by GDP per capita The equivalent countries which are comparable to the Russian regions in GDP per capita are chosen by Worldbank data for the same year.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by GRP

The article is a list of Russia Federal subjects by Gross Regional Product (GRP) in main years.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by Human Development Index

This is a list of Russian federal subjects by Human Development Index as of 2010.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by incidence of substance abuse

The following is a list of federal subjects of Russia by incidence of substance abuse (cases per 100,000 inhabitants).

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List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy

List of the federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy provided by the Russian statistical agency Rosstat.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by murder rate

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List of federal subjects of Russia by population

The following is a list of the 85 federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2002 and 2010 Censuses.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by total fertility rate

This is a list of values of total fertility rates by federal subjects of Russia.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by unemployment rate

This is a list of federal subjects of Russia with the corresponding Unemployment Rate.

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List of heads of federal subjects of Russia

The following is a list of heads of the federal subjects of the Russian Federation.

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Magadan

Magadan (p) is a port town and the administrative center of Magadan Oblast, Russia, located on the Sea of Okhotsk in Nagayev Bay (within Taui Bay) and serving as a gateway to the Kolyma region.

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Magadan Oblast

Magadan Oblast (p) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia.

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Magas

Magas (Мага́с) is the capital town of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia.

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Makhachkala

Makhachkala (p; Анжи-кала; Lak: Гьанжи; Avar: МахӀачхъала; Lezgian: Магьачкъала; Rutul: МахаӀчкала) is the capital city of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia.

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Mari El

The Mari El Republic (Респу́блика Мари́й Эл, Respublika Mariy El; Meadow Mari: Марий Эл Республик; Hill Mari: Мары Эл Республик) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Maykop

Maykop (p; Мыекъуапэ, Məyeqwape, lit. "The valley of apple trees") is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea in Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kuban River).

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Military districts of Russia

The Military districts of Russia are a system of military districts in Russia that serve as administrative divisions for the Russian Armed Forces.

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Ministry of Defence (Russia)

The Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (Министерство обороны Российской Федерации, Минобороны России, informally abbreviated as МО, МО РФ or Minoboron) exercises administrative and operational leadership of the Russian Armed Forces.

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Ministry of Economic Development (Russia)

The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation (Министерство экономического развития Российской Федерации) is a federal ministry in the Russian Government.

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Mordovia

|legislature.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Murmansk

Murmansk (p; Мурман ланнҍ; Murmánska; Muurman) is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far northwest part of Russia.

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Murmansk Oblast

Murmansk Oblast (r) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the northwestern part of the country.

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Nalchik

Nalchik (p; Kabardian: Налщӏэч //; Нальчик //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia, situated at an altitude of in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains; about northwest of Beslan in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania.

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Naryan-Mar

Naryan-Mar (Нарья́н-Мар; Nenets: Няръянa марˮ, Nyar'yana marq, literally "red town") is a sea and river port town and the administrative center of Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.

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Nationalisms in Russia

Nationalism in Russia is nationalistic manifestations of the peoples of Russia in the territory of Russia.

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Nazran

Nazran (Назра́нь; Наьсара, Näsara) is a town in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia.

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Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг; Nenets: Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук, Nenjocije awtonomnoj ŋokruk) is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Arkhangelsk Oblast).

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Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod (p), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, is a city in Russia and the administrative center (capital) of Volga Federal District and Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.

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Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Нижегоро́дская о́бласть, Nizhegorodskaya oblast), also known as Nizhegorod Oblast, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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North Caucasian Federal District

North Caucasian Federal District (Се́веро-Кавка́зский федера́льный о́круг, Severo-Kavkazsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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North Caucasus economic region

North Caucasus Economic Region (Се́веро-Кавка́зский экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Severo-Kavkazsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of 12 economic regions of Russia.

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North Ossetia-Alania

The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (p; Республикӕ Цӕгат Ирыстон-Алани, Respublikæ Cægat Iryston-Alani) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Northern economic region (Russia)

Northern Economic Region (Се́верный экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Severny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Northwestern economic region

Northwestern economic region (Се́веро-За́падный экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Severo-Zapadny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Northwestern Federal District

Northwestern Federal District (Се́веро-За́падный федера́льный о́круг, Severo-Zapadny federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Novgorod Oblast

Novgorod Oblast (Новгоро́дская о́бласть, Novgorodskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Novokuznetsk

Novokuznetsk (p; literally: "new smith's") is a city in Kemerovo Oblast in south-western Siberia, Russia.

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Novosibirsk

Novosibirsk (p) is the third-most populous city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg.

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Novosibirsk Oblast

Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть, Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia.

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Noyabrsk

Noyabrsk (p) is the largest city in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located in the middle of the West Siberian oil fields, on the Tyumen–Novy Urengoy railway about north of Surgut.

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Oblasts of Russia

An Oblast (область) is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation.

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Omsk

Omsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia, located in southwestern Siberia from Moscow.

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Omsk Oblast

Omsk Oblast (О́мская о́бласть, Omskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia.

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Order of the Government of Russia

Orders and Resolutions of the Government of Russia (Постановления и Pаспоряжения) is secondary legislation, a normative administrative directive content published by the Government of the Russian Federation within the limits of its competence, on the basis and in pursuance of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws and Decrees of the President of Russia.

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Orenburg

Orenburg (p) is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia.

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Orenburg Oblast

Orenburg Oblast (Оренбу́ргская о́бласть, Orenburgskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Orlando, Florida

Orlando is a city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Orange County.

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Oryol

Oryol or Orel (p, lit. eagle) is a city and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River, approximately south-southwest of Moscow.

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Oryol Oblast

Oryol Oblast (Орло́вская о́бласть, Orlovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Penza

Penza (p) is a city and the administrative center of Penza Oblast, Russia, located on the Sura River, southeast of Moscow.

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Penza Oblast

Penza Oblast (Пе́нзенская о́бласть, Penzenskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Perm

Perm (p;Gramota.ru.) is a city and the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains.

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Perm Krai

Perm Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai) that came into existence on December 1, 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug.

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Perm Oblast

Until December 1, 2005, Perm Oblast (Пе́рмская о́бласть) was a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Privolzhsky (Volga) Federal District.

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Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский) is a city and the administrative, industrial, scientific, and cultural center of Kamchatka Krai, Russia.

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Petrozavodsk

Petrozavodsk (p; Karelian, Vepsian & Petroskoi; Finland Swedish: Petroskoj) is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, which stretches along the western shore of Lake Onega for some.

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Political status of Crimea

The political status of Crimea is the subject of a territorial dispute between Ukraine and Russia.

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Presidential Administration of Russia

The Presidential Administration of Russia (also known as Staff of Russia’s president, Presidential Executive Office, in Russian: Администрация Президента Российской Федерации) is the executive office of Russia's president created by a decree of Boris Yeltsin on 19 July 1991 as an institution supporting the activity of the president (then Yeltsin) and vice-president (then Aleksandr Rutskoy, in 1993 the position was abolished) of Russian SFSR (now Russian Federation), as well as deliberative bodies attached to the president, including the Security Council.

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Primorsky Krai

Primorsky Krai (p; 프리모르스키 지방) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia, located in the Far East region of the country and is a part of the Far Eastern Federal District.

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Pskov

Pskov (p; see also names in other languages) is a city and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located about east from the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River.

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Pskov Oblast

Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country.

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Regional parliaments of Russia

Regional parliaments of Russia are the legislative/parliamentary bodies of power in the regions of Russia (republics, krais, oblasts, autonomous okrugs and federal cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg), which have different names, often collectively referred to in the media as regional parliaments.

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Republic of Crimea

The Republic of Crimea (or; Республика Крым, Respublika Krym, Республіка Крим, Respublika Krym, Къырым Джумхуриети, Qirim Cumhuriyeti) is a federal subject of Russia that is located on the Crimean Peninsula.

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Republic of Karelia

The Republic of Karelia (rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə kɐˈrʲelʲɪ(j)ə; Karjalan tazavalda; Karjalan tasavalta; Karjalan Tazovaldkund) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the northwest of Russia.

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Republics of Russia

According to the Constitution, the Russian Federation is divided into 85 federal subjects (constituent units), 22 of which are "republics".

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Republics of the Soviet Union

The Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics (r) of the Soviet Union were ethnically based proto-states that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union.

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Rostov Oblast

Rostov Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District.

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Rostov-on-Don

Rostov-on-Don (p) is a port city and the administrative center of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russian Constitution of 1978

The Constitution of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic of 12 April 1978 was formally its supreme law.

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Russian Federal State Statistics Service

Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Федеральная служба государственной статистики, Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki) (also known as Rosstat) is the governmental statistics agency in Russia.

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Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), also unofficially known as the Russian Federation, Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I or Russia (rɐˈsʲijə; from the Ρωσία Rōsía — Rus'), was an independent state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest, most populous, and most economically developed union republic of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991 and then a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991.

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Ryazan

Ryazan (a) is a city and the administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River southeast of Moscow.

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Ryazan Oblast

Ryazan Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Sakha Republic

The Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (p; Sakha Öröspüübülükete), simply Sakha (Yakutia) (Саха (Якутия); Sakha Sire), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Sakhalin Oblast

Sakhalin Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian Far East.

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Salekhard

Salekhard (Салеха́рд; Khanty: Пуӆңават, Pułñawat; Саляʼ харад, Salja’ harad - lit. house on a peninsula) is a town and the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.

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Samara

Samara (p), known from 1935 to 1991 as Kuybyshev (Ќуйбышев), is the sixth largest city in Russia and the administrative center of Samara Oblast.

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Samara Oblast

Samara Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Saransk

Saransk (p; Саранош; Саран ош) is the capital city of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia, as well as its financial and economic centre.

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Saratov

Saratov (p) is a city and the administrative center of Saratov Oblast, Russia, and a major port on the Volga River located upstream (north) of Volgograd.

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Saratov Oblast

Saratov Oblast (Сара́товская о́бласть, Saratovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Volga Federal District.

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Sevastopol

Sevastopol (Севастополь; Севасто́поль; Акъяр, Aqyar), traditionally Sebastopol, is the largest city on the Crimean Peninsula and a major Black Sea port.

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Siberian Federal District

Siberian Federal District (Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг, Sibirsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Simferopol

Simferopol (p; Сімферополь,; Aqmescit, Акъмесджит) is a city on the Crimean peninsula which, de facto, is the capital city of the Republic of Crimea within the Russian Federation but, de jure, is the capital city of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea within Ukraine.

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Smolensk

Smolensk (a) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow.

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Smolensk Oblast

Smolensk Oblast (Смоле́нская о́бласть, Smolenskaya oblast; informal name — Smolenschina (Смоле́нщина) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 985,537.

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Southern Federal District

The Southern Federal District (ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Soviet republic (system of government)

A soviet republic (from Советская республика - Sovetskaya respublika, Räterepublik, République des conseils, Radenrepubliek, Радянська республіка, Савецкая рэспубліка, etc) is a term used to describe a republic in which the government is formed of soviets (workers' councils) and politics are based on soviet democracy and democratic centralism.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Stavropol

Stavropol (p) is a city and the administrative center of Stavropol Krai, Russia.

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Stavropol Krai

Stavropol Krai (p) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.

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Subdivisions of Russia

Russia is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions.

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Surgut

Surgut (p) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River near its junction with the Irtysh River.

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Sverdlovsk Oblast

Sverdlovsk Oblast (Свердло́вская о́бласть, Sverdlovskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District.

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Syktyvkar

Syktyvkar (p; Сыктывкар) is the capital city of the Komi Republic, Russia.

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Tambov

Tambov (p) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 (2010 Census); 293,658 (2002 Census);.

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Tambov Oblast

Tambov Oblast (Тамбо́вская о́бласть, Tambovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Tatarstan

The Republic of Tatarstan (p; Татарстан Республикасы), or simply Tatarstan, is a federal subject (a republic) of the Russian Federation, located in the Volga Federal District.

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Taymyr Autonomous Okrug

Taymyr Dolgano-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Таймы́рский Долга́но-Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг, Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky avtonomny okrug), or Taymyria (Таймырия, Taymyriya), was a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Krasnoyarsk Krai), the northernmost in mainland Russia (and thus Asia).

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Time in Russia

There are eleven time zones in Russia, which currently observe times ranging from UTC+02:00 to UTC+12:00.

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Tomsk

Tomsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Tomsk Oblast in Russia, located on the Tom River.

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Tomsk Oblast

Tomsk Oblast (То́мская о́бласть, Tomskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Treaty of Federation

The Treaty of Federation (Федеративный договор) was a treaty signed on 31 March 1992 in Moscow between the Russian government and 18 of the 20 autonomous republics of Russia.

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Troitsk, Moscow

Troitsk (Тро́ицк) is a town in Troitsky Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia, located on the Desna River southwest from the center of Moscow on the Kaluzhskoye Highway.

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Tula Oblast

Tula Oblast (Ту́льская о́бласть, Tulskaya oblast) is a top-level political division of European Russia (namely an oblast).

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Tula, Russia

Tula (p) is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow, on the Upa River.

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Tuva

Tuva (Тува́) or Tyva (Тыва), officially the Tyva Republic (p; Тыва Республика, Tyva Respublika), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic, also defined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation as a state).

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Tver

Tver (p; IPA: tvʲerʲi) is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia.

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Tver Oblast

Tver Oblast (Тверска́я о́бласть, Tverskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Tyumen

Tyumen (a) is the largest city and the administrative center of Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located on the Tura River east of Moscow.

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Tyumen Oblast

Tyumen Oblast (Тюме́нская о́бласть, Tyumenskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia.

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Udmurtia

Udmurtia (p; Удмуртия), or the Udmurt Republic, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) within the Volga Federal District.

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Ufa

Ufa (p; Өфө) is the capital city of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, and the industrial, economic, scientific and cultural center of the republic.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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Ulan-Ude

Ulan-Ude (p; Улаан Үдэ, Ulaan Üde) is the capital city of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia; it is located about southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga.

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Ulyanovsk

Ulyanovsk is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River east of Moscow.

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Ulyanovsk Oblast

Ulyanovsk Oblast (Улья́новская о́бласть, Ulyanovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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United Russia

United Russia ((j)ɪˈdʲinəjə rɐˈsʲijə) is the ruling political party of the Russian Federation.

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Upper house

An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral legislature), the other chamber being the lower house.

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Ural economic region

Ural Economic Region (Ура́льский экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Uralsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Ural Federal District

Ural Federal District (Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг, Uralsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug

Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Усть-Орды́нский Буря́тский автоно́мный о́круг (УОБАО); Buryat: Усть-Ордын (Усть-Ордагай) Буряадай автономито тойрог) was an autonomous okrug of Russia within Irkutsk Oblast.

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Veliky Novgorod

Veliky Novgorod (p), also known as Novgorod the Great, or Novgorod Veliky, or just Novgorod, is one of the most important historic cities in Russia, which serves as the administrative center of Novgorod Oblast.

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Vladikavkaz

Vladikavkaz (p, lit. ruler of the Caucasus; translit, lit. Dzaug's settlement), formerly known as Ordzhonikidze (Орджоники́дзе) and Dzaudzhikau (Дзауджика́у), is the capital city of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (22 April 1870According to the new style calendar (modern Gregorian), Lenin was born on 22 April 1870. According to the old style (Old Julian) calendar used in the Russian Empire at the time, it was 10 April 1870. Russia converted from the old to the new style calendar in 1918, under Lenin's administration. – 21 January 1924), was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Vladimir Oblast

Vladimir Oblast (Влади́мирская о́бласть, Vladimirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (a; born 7 October 1952) is a Russian statesman and former intelligence officer serving as President of Russia since 2012, previously holding the position from 2000 until 2008.

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Vladimir, Russia

Vladimir (a) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow.

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Vladivostok

Vladivostok (p, literally ruler of the east) is a city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located around the Golden Horn Bay, not far from Russia's borders with China and North Korea.

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Volga economic region

Volga (Povolzhsky) economic region (Пово́лжский экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Povolzhsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of 12 economic regions of Russia.

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Volga Federal District

Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District (Приво́лжский федера́льный о́круг, Privolzhsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Volga-Vyatka economic region

Volga-Vyatka economic region (Во́лго-Вя́тский экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Volgo-Vyatsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Volgograd

Volgograd (p), formerly Tsaritsyn, 1589–1925, and Stalingrad, 1925–1961, is an important industrial city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia, on the western bank of the Volga River.

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Volgograd Oblast

Volgograd Oblast (Волгогра́дская о́бласть, Volgogradskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the Volga region of Southern Russia.

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Vologda

Vologda (p) is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River within the watershed of the Northern Dvina.

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Vologda Oblast

Vologda Oblast (r) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Voronezh

Voronezh (p) is a city and the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast, Russia, straddling the Voronezh River and located from where it flows into the Don.

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Voronezh Oblast

Voronezh Oblast (Воро́нежская о́бласть, Voronezhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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War of Laws

The War of Laws (Война законов, Voyna zakonov) was the series of conflicts between the central government of the Soviet Union, and the governments of the Russian Federation and other constituent republics during the last years of the USSR (1988-1991), which eventually contributed to the dissolution of the union.

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West Siberian economic region

West Siberian economic region (За́падно-Сиби́рский экономи́ческий райо́н; tr.: Zapadno-Sibirsky ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Yakutsk

Yakutsk (p; Дьокуускай, D'okuuskay) is the capital city of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located about south of the Arctic Circle.

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Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Яма́ло-Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг, Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug; Ямалы-Ненёцие автономной ӈокрук, Jamaly-Nenjocije awtonomnoj ŋokruk) (Abbreviated: YaNAO (ЯНАО)) is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast).

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Yaroslavl

Yaroslavl (p) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow.

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Yaroslavl Oblast

Yaroslavl Oblast (Яросла́вская о́бласть, Yaroslavskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, and Vologda Oblasts.

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Yekaterinburg

Yekaterinburg (p), alternatively romanized Ekaterinburg, is the fourth-largest city in Russia and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast, located on the Iset River east of the Ural Mountains, in the middle of the Eurasian continent, at the boundary between Asia and Europe.

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Yoshkar-Ola

Yoshkar-Ola (Йошка́р-Ола́; Йошкар-Ола) is the capital city of the Mari El Republic, Russia.

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Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Ю́жно-Сахали́нск, literally "Southern Sakhalin") is a city in Sakhalin island, and the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia.

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Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai (p, lit. Transbaikal krai) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai) that was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007.

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Zelenograd

Zelenograd (p, lit. green city) is a city which, along with the territories and settlements under its jurisdiction, forms one of the administrative okrugs of Moscow - Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug (ZelAO).

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Redirects here:

Autonomous Oblasts of Russia, Autonomous areas of Russia, Autonomous oblasts of russia, Autonomous provinces of Russia, Constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Constituent entity of the Russian Federation, Federal Subject, Federal Subjects of Russia, Federal subject, Federal subject of Russia, Federal subjects, Federal subjects of russia, Federal subjects of the Russian Federation, List of Russian federal subjects, List of Russian provinces, List of Russian states, List of federal subjects of Russia, List of federal subjects of Russia by area, List of subdivisions of Russia by area, List of the federal subjects of Russia, Provinces of Russia, Regions of Russia, Russian federal subject, Russian federal subjects, Russian federalism, Russian regions, States of Russia, Subject of the Federation, Subject of the Russian Federation, Subjects of russia, Subjects of the Russian Federation, Subjects of the federation, Territories of Russia.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia

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