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Substituent

Index Substituent

In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms which replaces one or more hydrogen atoms on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon, becoming a moiety of the resultant new molecule. [1]

61 relations: Affix, Alcohol, Alkane, Alpha and beta carbon, Amino acid, Aryl, Atom, Biochemistry, Carbon, Carboxylic acid, Charles Frédéric Gerhardt, Cheminformatics, Chlorine, Double bond, Ethyl group, Functional group, Greek language, Halide, Halogen, Hydride, Hydrocarbon, Hydrogen, Hydroxy group, Inductive effect, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Isomer, Markovnikov's rule, Mesomeric effect, Methane, Methine group, Methoxy group, Methyl group, Methylene bridge, Methylene group, Methylidyne group, Moiety (chemistry), Molecule, Nitrogen, Organic chemistry, Organic compound, Oxygen, Parent structure, Pendant group, Phenyl group, Phosphorus, Polar effect, Polymer, Protein, PubChem, Radical (chemistry), ..., Rest (physics), Selenium, Side chain, Single bond, Steric effects, Structural formula, Sulfur, Triple bond, Vinyl group, Vinyl polymer, Zaitsev's rule. Expand index (11 more) »

Affix

In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form.

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Alcohol

In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.

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Alkane

In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical name that also has other meanings), is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon.

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Alpha and beta carbon

The alpha carbon (Cα) in organic molecules refers to the first carbon atom that attaches to a functional group, such as a carbonyl.

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Amino acid

Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.

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Aryl

In the context of organic molecules, aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl.

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Atom

An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.

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Biochemistry

Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.

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Carbon

Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.

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Carboxylic acid

A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (C(.

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Charles Frédéric Gerhardt

Charles Frédéric Gerhardt (21 August 1816 – 19 August 1856) was a French chemist.

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Cheminformatics

Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics, chemioinformatics and chemical informatics) is the use of computer and informational techniques applied to a range of problems in the field of chemistry.

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Chlorine

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.

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Double bond

A double bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two chemical elements involving four bonding electrons instead of the usual two.

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Ethyl group

In chemistry, an ethyl group is an alkyl substituent derived from ethane (C2H6).

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Functional group

In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific substituents or moieties within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.

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Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

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Halide

A halide is a binary phase, of which one part is a halogen atom and the other part is an element or radical that is less electronegative (or more electropositive) than the halogen, to make a fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, astatide, or theoretically tennesside compound.

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Halogen

The halogens are a group in the periodic table consisting of five chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).

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Hydride

In chemistry, a hydride is the anion of hydrogen, H−, or, more commonly, it is a compound in which one or more hydrogen centres have nucleophilic, reducing, or basic properties.

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Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Hydroxy group

A hydroxy or hydroxyl group is the entity with the formula OH.

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Inductive effect

In chemistry and physics, the inductive effect is an experimentally observed effect of the transmission of charge through a chain of atoms in a molecule, resulting in a permanent dipole in a bond.

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.

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Isomer

An isomer (from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos.

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Markovnikov's rule

In organic chemistry, Markovnikov's rule or Markownikoff's rule describes the outcome of some addition reactions.

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Mesomeric effect

The mesomeric effect in chemistry is a property of substituents or functional groups in a chemical compound.

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Methane

Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen).

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Methine group

In chemistry, methine is a trivalent functional group.

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Methoxy group

A methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen.

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Methyl group

A methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms — CH3.

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Methylene bridge

In organic chemistry, a methylene bridge, methylene spacer, or methanediyl group is any part of a molecule with formula --; namely, a carbon atom bound to two hydrogen atoms and connected by single bonds to two other distinct atoms in the rest of the molecule.

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Methylene group

In organic chemistry, a methylene group is any part of a molecule that consists of two hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, which is connected to the remainder of the molecule by a double bond.

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Methylidyne group

In chemistry, a methylidyne group or just methylidyne is a neutral part of a molecule (a substituent or functional group) with formula ≡CH, consisting of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom by one single bond and to the rest of the molecule by one triple bond.

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Moiety (chemistry)

In organic chemistry, a moiety is a part of a molecule.

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Molecule

A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.

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Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a chemistry subdiscipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.

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Organic compound

In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.

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Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.

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Parent structure

In IUPAC nomenclature, a parent structure, parent compound, parent name or simply parent is the denotation for a compound consisting of an unbranched chain of skeletal atoms (not necessarily carbon), or consisting of an unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic ring system.

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Pendant group

A pendant group (sometimes spelled pendent) or side group is a group of molecules attached to a backbone chain of a long molecule.

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Phenyl group

In organic chemistry, the phenyl group or phenyl ring is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5.

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Phosphorus

Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15.

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Polar effect

The polar effect or electronic effect in chemistry is the effect exerted by a substituent on modifying electrostatic forces operating on a nearby reaction center.

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Polymer

A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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PubChem

PubChem is a database of chemical molecules and their activities against biological assays.

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Radical (chemistry)

In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron.

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Rest (physics)

Rest is a state in physics that refers to an object being stationary relative to a particular frame of reference or another object; when the position of a body with respect to its surroundings does not change with time it is said to be "at rest".

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Selenium

Selenium is a chemical element with symbol Se and atomic number 34.

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Side chain

In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called "main chain" or backbone.

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Single bond

In chemistry, a single bond is a chemical bond between two atoms involving two valence electrons.

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Steric effects

Steric effects are nonbonding interactions that influence the shape (conformation) and reactivity of ions and molecules.

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Structural formula

The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure, showing how the atoms are arranged.

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Sulfur

Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.

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Triple bond

A triple bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two atoms involving six bonding electrons instead of the usual two in a covalent single bond.

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Vinyl group

In chemistry, vinyl or ethenyl is the functional group with the formula −CH.

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Vinyl polymer

Vinyl polymers are a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers.

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Zaitsev's rule

Saytzeff's rule (or Zaitsev's rule, Saytzev's rule) is an empirical rule for predicting the favored alkene product(s) in elimination reactions.

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Redirects here:

-diyl, -diylidene, -tetrayl, -triyl, -yl, -ylidene, -ylidine, -ylidyne, -ylylidene, -ylylidyne, Chemical substituent, Diyl, Diylylidene, Most substituted, Substituent group, Substituents, Tetrayl, Triyl, Yl, Ylidene, Ylidine, Ylidyne, Ylylidene, Ylylidyne.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substituent

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