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Thai language

Index Thai language

Thai, Central Thai, or Siamese, is the national and official language of Thailand and the first language of the Central Thai people and vast majority Thai of Chinese origin. [1]

228 relations: Abugida, Adjective, Adverb, Affirmation and negation, Affricate consonant, Alveolar consonant, Analytic language, Ang Thong Province, Approximant consonant, Aranyaprathet District, Article (grammar), Aspirated consonant, Back vowel, Bang Lamung District, Bang Saphan District, Bang Saphan Noi District, Bangkok, Be language, Bhikkhu, Buddhism, Central Tai languages, Central Thailand, Central vowel, Chachoengsao Province, Chai Nat Province, Chakri dynasty, Chanthaburi Province, Checked tone, Chiang Mai, Chonburi Province, Christianity, Chu (state), Classifier (linguistics), Close vowel, Close-mid vowel, Comparison (grammar), Compound (linguistics), Consonant, Consonant cluster, Conversation, Dai people, Dental consonant, Diphthong, Eastern Thailand, English language, First language, Fricative consonant, Front vowel, Fusional language, Future tense, ..., Glottal consonant, Glottal stop, Google Translate, Grammatical gender, Grammatical number, Grammatical particle, Grammatical tense, Hat Yai District, Heron, Honorific, Inherent vowel, Intensive pronoun, International Organization for Standardization, International Phonetic Alphabet, Intonation (linguistics), Isan, Isan language, ISO 11940, ISO 11940-2, Kam language, Kamphaeng Phet Province, Kanchanaburi Province, Kathoey, Khmer alphabet, Khmer language, Kinship terminology, Koh Kong Province, Kra–Dai languages, Kris, Labial consonant, Lan Na, Language, Language family, Lao alphabet, Lao language, Laos, Li Fang-Kuei, Linguistic typology, List of districts of Bangkok, Loanword, Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area, Mak language, Maonan language, Marker (linguistics), Measure word, Middle Chinese, Mon language, Mueang Surat Thani District, Mulam language, Mutual intelligibility, Nakhon Nayok Province, Nakhon Pathom Province, Nakhon Phanom Province, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Nakhon Sawan Province, Nang Rong District, Nasal consonant, National language, Nickname, Nonthaburi Province, Northern Khmer dialect, Northern Thai language, Northern Thai people, Noun, Official language, Old Chinese, Open vowel, Open-mid vowel, Orthography, Palatal consonant, Pali, Participle, Passive voice, Past tense, Pathum Thani Province, Phetchabun Province, Phetchaburi Province, Phichit Province, Phitsanulok Province, Phoneme, Phonetics, Phonotactics, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Phu Thai language, Phuan language, Plural, Possessive, Prachinburi Province, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Present tense, Pro-drop language, Pronoun, Proto-Austronesian language, Proto-Hlai language, Proto-Tai language, Quran, Rajm, Ratchaburi Province, Rayong Province, Reduplication, Register (sociolinguistics), Rice noodles, Romanization of Thai, Roundedness, Royal Society of Thailand, Royal Thai General System of Transcription, Sa Kaeo Province, Sakon Nakhon Province, Samut Prakan Province, Samut Sakhon Province, Samut Songkhram Province, Sanskrit, Sattahip District, Second language, Serial verb construction, Shan language, Sing Buri Province, Singulative number, Sino-Xenic pronunciations, Six-hour clock, Social status, Song of the Yue Boatman, Sonorant, Southern Thai language, Southern Thailand, Southwestern Tai languages, Standard language, Stop consonant, Subject–verb–object, Sui language, Sukhothai Province, Suphan Buri Province, Syllable, Tai languages, Tai Lue language, Tai Nuea language, Tai Ya language, Tai Yo language, Tak Province, Tenuis consonant, Teochew dialect, Tha Bo District, Thai alphabet, Thai and Lao Braille, Thai Chinese, Thai honorifics, Thai literature, Thai numerals, Thai people, Thai royal and noble titles, Thai Song language, Thailand, Thap Sakae District, Tone (linguistics), Transliteration, Trat Province, Trill consonant, Triphthong, Udon Thani Province, Uninflected word, Unreleased stop, Uthai Thani Province, Uttaradit Province, Velar consonant, Verb, Voice (phonetics), Voice onset time, Vowel, Vowel length, Western Thailand, Wikivoyage, Word order, Wu (state), Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yue (state), Zhuang languages, Zhuang people, 24-hour clock. Expand index (178 more) »

Abugida

An abugida (from Ge'ez: አቡጊዳ ’abugida), or alphasyllabary, is a segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit: each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary.

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Adjective

In linguistics, an adjective (abbreviated) is a describing word, the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified.

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Adverb

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, determiner, noun phrase, clause, or sentence.

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Affirmation and negation

In linguistics and grammar, affirmation and negation (abbreviated respectively and) are the ways that grammar encode negative and positive polarity in verb phrases, clauses, or other utterances.

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Affricate consonant

An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).

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Alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth.

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Analytic language

In linguistic typology, an analytic language is a language that primarily conveys relationships between words in sentences by way of helper words (particles, prepositions, etc.) and word order, as opposed to utilizing inflections (changing the form of a word to convey its role in the sentence).

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Ang Thong Province

Ang Thong (อ่างทอง) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Approximant consonant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

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Aranyaprathet District

Aranyaprathet District (อรัญประเทศ) is a district (amphoe) in Sa Kaeo Province in Thailand.

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Article (grammar)

An article (with the linguistic glossing abbreviation) is a word that is used with a noun (as a standalone word or a prefix or suffix) to specify grammatical definiteness of the noun, and in some languages extending to volume or numerical scope.

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Aspirated consonant

In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.

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Back vowel

A back vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in spoken languages.

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Bang Lamung District

Bang Lamung (บางละมุง) is a district (amphoe) in the southern part of Chonburi Province, Thailand.

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Bang Saphan District

Bang Saphan (บางสะพาน) is a district (amphoe) in the southern part of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, central Thailand.

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Bang Saphan Noi District

Bang Saphan Noi (บางสะพานน้อย) is the southernmost district (Amphoe) of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, central Thailand.

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Bangkok

Bangkok is the capital and most populous city of the Kingdom of Thailand.

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Be language

Be, also known as Ong Be, Bê, or Vo Limgao, is a language spoken by 600,000 people, 100,000 of them monolingual, on the north-central coast of Hainan Island, including the suburbs of the provincial capital Haikou.

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Bhikkhu

A bhikkhu (from Pali, Sanskrit: bhikṣu) is an ordained male monastic ("monk") in Buddhism.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Central Tai languages

The Central Tai languages include southern dialects of Zhuang, and various Nung and Tày dialects of northern Vietnam.

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Central Thailand

Central Thailand (central plain) is a region of Thailand, covering the broad alluvial plain of the Chao Phraya River.

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Central vowel

A central vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

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Chachoengsao Province

Chachoengsao (ฉะเชิงเทรา) is a province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Chai Nat Province

Chai Nat (ชัยนาท) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Chakri dynasty

The Chakri dynasty (จักรี) is the current ruling royal house of the Kingdom of Thailand, while the Head of the house is the monarch.

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Chanthaburi Province

Chanthaburi (จันทบุรี,; Chong: จันกะบูย, chankabui,องค์ บรรจุน. สยามหลากเผ่าหลายพันธุ์. กรุงเทพฯ: มติชน, 2553, หน้า 128 lit: "Lady Chan, Who wear a pan on her head") is a province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Checked tone

A checked tone, commonly known by its Chinese calque entering tone, is one of four syllable types in the phonology in Middle Chinese.

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Chiang Mai

Chiang Mai (from เชียงใหม่, ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦ ᩲᩉ᩠ᨾ᩵) sometimes written as "Chiengmai" or "Chiangmai", is the largest city in northern Thailand.

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Chonburi Province

Chonburi is an eastern province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Christianity

ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.

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Chu (state)

Chu (Old Chinese: *s-r̥aʔ) was a hegemonic, Zhou dynasty era state.

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Classifier (linguistics)

A classifier (abbreviated or), sometimes called a measure word or counter word, is a word or affix that is used to accompany nouns and can be considered to "classify" a noun depending on the type of its referent.

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Close vowel

A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in American terminology), is any in a class of vowel sound used in many spoken languages.

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Close-mid vowel

A close-mid vowel (also mid-close vowel, high-mid vowel, mid-high vowel or half-close vowel) is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

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Comparison (grammar)

Comparison is a feature in the morphology or syntax of some languages, whereby adjectives and adverbs are inflected or modified to indicate the relative degree of the property defined by the adjective or adverb.

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Compound (linguistics)

In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word) that consists of more than one stem.

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Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

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Consonant cluster

In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel.

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Conversation

Conversation is interactive communication between two or more people.

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Dai people

The Dai people (Kam Mueang:; Thai: ไท; Shan: တႆး; Tai Nüa: ᥖᥭᥰ) are one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (both in southern Yunnan, China), but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar when Dai is used to mean specifically Tai Yai, Lue, Chinese Shan, Tai Dam, Tai Khao or even Tai in general.

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Dental consonant

A dental consonant is a consonant articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as,,, and in some languages.

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Diphthong

A diphthong (or; from Greek: δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally "two sounds" or "two tones"), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

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Eastern Thailand

Eastern Thailand is a region of Thailand bordering Cambodia on the east and central Thailand on the west.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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First language

A first language, native language or mother/father/parent tongue (also known as arterial language or L1) is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

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Fricative consonant

Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

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Front vowel

A front vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages, its defining characteristic being that the highest point of the tongue is positioned relatively in front in the mouth without creating a constriction that would make it a consonant.

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Fusional language

Fusional languages or inflected languages are a type of synthetic languages, distinguished from agglutinative languages by their tendency to use a single inflectional morpheme to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features.

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Future tense

In grammar, a future tense (abbreviated) is a verb form that generally marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future.

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Glottal consonant

Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.

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Glottal stop

The glottal stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis.

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Google Translate

Google Translate is a free multilingual machine translation service developed by Google, to translate text.

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Grammatical gender

In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.

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Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").

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Grammatical particle

In grammar the term particle (abbreviated) has a traditional meaning, as a part of speech that cannot be inflected, and a modern meaning, as a function word associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning.

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Grammatical tense

In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference with reference to the moment of speaking.

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Hat Yai District

Hat Yai (หาดใหญ่) is a district (amphoe) of Songkhla Province, southern Thailand.

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Heron

The herons are the long-legged freshwater and coastal birds in the family Ardeidae, with 64 recognised species, some of which are referred to as egrets or bitterns rather than herons.

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Honorific

An honorific is a title that conveys esteem or respect for position or rank when used in addressing or referring to a person.

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Inherent vowel

An inherent vowel is part of an abugida (or alphasyllabary) script.

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Intensive pronoun

An intensive pronoun adds emphasis to a statement; for example, "I did it myself." While English intensive pronouns (e.g., myself, yourself, himself,herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves) use the same form as reflexive pronouns, an intensive pronoun is different from a reflexive because the pronoun can be removed without altering the meaning of the sentence.

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International Organization for Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.

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International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.

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Intonation (linguistics)

In linguistics, intonation is variation in spoken pitch when used, not for distinguishing words (a concept known as tone), but, rather, for a range of other functions such as indicating the attitudes and emotions of the speaker, signalling the difference between statements and questions, and between different types of questions, focusing attention on important elements of the spoken message and also helping to regulate conversational interaction.

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Isan

Isan (Isan/อีสาน,; also written as Isaan, Isarn, Issarn, Issan, Esan, or Esarn; from Pali ऐशान aiśāna or Sanskrit ऐशान aiśāna "northeast") consists of 20 provinces in the northeastern region of Thailand.

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Isan language

Isan or Northeastern Thai (ภาษาอีสาน, ภาษาไทยถิ่นตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ, ภาษาไทยถิ่นอีสาน, ภาษาไทยอีสาน, ภาษาลาวอีสาน) is a group of Lao varieties spoken in the northern two-thirds of Isan in northeastern Thailand, as well as in adjacent portions of northern and eastern Thailand.

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ISO 11940

ISO 11940 is an ISO standard for the transliteration of Thai characters, published in 1998 and updated in September 2003 and confirmed in 2008.

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ISO 11940-2

ISO 11940-2 is an ISO standard for a simplified transcription of the Thai language into Latin characters.

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Kam language

The Kam language, also known as Gam (autonym: lix Gaeml), or in Chinese, Dong or Tung-Chia, is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Dong people.

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Kamphaeng Phet Province

Kamphaeng Phet (กำแพงเพชร) is a province (changwat) of Thailand in the upper center of the country.

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Kanchanaburi Province

Kanchanaburi (กาญจนบุรี) is the largest of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Kathoey

Kathoey or katoey (กะเทย) is a transgender woman or an effeminate gay male in Thailand.

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Khmer alphabet

The Khmer alphabet or Khmer script (អក្សរខ្មែរ) Huffman, Franklin.

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Khmer language

Khmer or Cambodian (natively ភាសាខ្មែរ phiəsaa khmae, or more formally ខេមរភាសា kheemaʾraʾ phiəsaa) is the language of the Khmer people and the official language of Cambodia.

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Kinship terminology

Kinship terminology is the system used in languages to refer to the persons to whom an individual is related through kinship.

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Koh Kong Province

Koh Kong (ខេត្តកោះកុង;, "Kong Island") is a province (khaet) of Cambodia.

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Kra–Dai languages

The Kra–Dai languages (also known as Tai–Kadai, Daic and Kadai) are a language family of tonal languages found in southern China, Northeast India and Southeast Asia.

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Kris

The kris (ngoko Javanese:; krama inggil Javanese:; ngoko: keris; krama; dhuwung; krama inggil: wangkingan, lit. "to slice"; Jawi: کريس, Thai: กริช krit, Minangkabau: karih, Tagalog: kalis; Bugis and Makassarese: sele) is an asymmetrical dagger with distinctive blade-patterning achieved through alternating laminations of iron and nickelous iron (pamor).

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Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

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Lan Na

The Lan Na or Lanna Kingdom (95px,, "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; อาณาจักรล้านนา,,; ອານາຈັກລ້ານນາ, ဇင္းမယ္ျပည္, or), also known as Lannathai, was an Indianized state centered in present-day Northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries.

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Language

Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.

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Language family

A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language or parental language, called the proto-language of that family.

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Lao alphabet

Lao script or Akson Lao (Lao: ອັກສອນລາວ) is the primary script used to write the Lao language and other minority languages in Laos.

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Lao language

Lao, sometimes referred to as Laotian (ລາວ 'Lao' or ພາສາລາວ 'Lao language') is a tonal language of the Kra–Dai language family.

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Laos

Laos (ລາວ,, Lāo; Laos), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao; République démocratique populaire lao), commonly referred to by its colloquial name of Muang Lao (Lao: ເມືອງລາວ, Muang Lao), is a landlocked country in the heart of the Indochinese peninsula of Mainland Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar (Burma) and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southwest and Thailand to the west and southwest.

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Li Fang-Kuei

Li Fang-Kuei (20 August 190221 August 1987) was a Chinese linguist, known for his studies of the varieties of Chinese, and for his reconstructions of Old Chinese and Proto-Tai.

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Linguistic typology

Linguistic typology is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural and functional features.

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List of districts of Bangkok

Bangkok is subdivided into 50 districts (khet, เขต,, also sometimes wrongly called amphoe as in the other provinces, derived from Pali khetta, cognate to Sanskrit kṣetra), which are further subdivided into 180 subdistricts (khwaeng, แขวง), roughly equivalent to tambon in the other provinces.

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Loanword

A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word adopted from one language (the donor language) and incorporated into another language without translation.

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Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area

The Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) linguistic area is a linguistic area that stretches from Thailand to China and is home to speakers of languages of the Sino-Tibetan, Hmong–Mien (or Miao–Yao), Kra–Dai, Austronesian (represented by Chamic) and Austroasiatic families.

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Mak language

The Mak language (autonym: ’ai3 ma:k8) is a Kam–Sui language spoken in Libo County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou, China.

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Maonan language

The Maonan language is a Kam–Sui language spoken mainly in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Hechi, northern Guangxi by the Maonan people.

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Marker (linguistics)

In linguistics, a marker is a free or bound morpheme that indicates the grammatical function of the marked word, phrase, or sentence.

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Measure word

In linguistics, measure words are words (or morphemes) that are used in combination with a numeral to indicate an amount of something represented by some noun.

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Middle Chinese

Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.

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Mon language

The Mon language (ဘာသာ မန်; မွန်ဘာသာ) is an Austroasiatic language spoken by the Mon people, who live in Myanmar and Thailand.

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Mueang Surat Thani District

Mueang Surat Thani (เมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี), formerly named the Ban Don District (บ้านดอน), is the capital district (amphoe mueang) of Surat Thani Province in southern Thailand.

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Mulam language

No description.

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Mutual intelligibility

In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.

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Nakhon Nayok Province

Nakhon Nayok (นครนายก) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force as of 9 March 1946.

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Nakhon Pathom Province

Nakhon Pathom (นครปฐม) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Nakhon Phanom Province

Nakhon Phanom (นครพนม) is one of the northeastern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Nakhon Ratchasima (นครราชสีมา), often called Khorat (โคราช)) is one of the Isan provinces (changwat) of Thailand's northeast corner. It is the country's largest province by area, with a population of about 2.7 million who produce about 250 billion baht in GDP, the highest in Isan. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from north) Chaiyaphum, Khon Kaen, Buriram, Sa Kaeo, Prachinburi, Nakhon Nayok, Saraburi, and Lopburi. The capital of the province is the city of Nakhon Ratchasima in Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima District, also called Khorat.

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Nakhon Sawan Province

Nakhon Sawan (นครสวรรค์) is one of the provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Nang Rong District

Nang Rong (นางรอง) is a district (amphoe) of Buriram Province, northeastern Thailand.

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Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

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National language

A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with people and the territory they occupy.

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Nickname

A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person, place, or thing, for affection or ridicule.

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Nonthaburi Province

Nonthaburi (นนทบุรี) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 March 1946.

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Northern Khmer dialect

Northern Khmer, also called Khmer Surin (ខ្មែរសុរិន្ទ - Khmer Soren), is the dialect of the Khmer language spoken by approximately 1.4 million Khmer native to the Thai provinces of Surin, Sisaket, Buriram and Roi Et as well as those that have migrated from this region into Cambodia.

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Northern Thai language

Northern Thai (ภาษาถิ่นพายัพ, ภาษาไทยถิ่นเหนือ), Lanna (ล้านนา), or Kam Mueang (Northern Thai:,, Thai: คำเมือง) is the language of the Northern Thai people of Lanna, Thailand.

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Northern Thai people

The Northern Thai people or Tai Yuan (ไทยวน), self-designation khon mu(e)ang (ฅนเมือง,, meaning "people of the (cultivated) land" or "people of our community") are the majority population of eight provinces in northern Thailand, principally in the area of the former kingdom of Lan Na.

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Noun

A noun (from Latin nōmen, literally meaning "name") is a word that functions as the name of some specific thing or set of things, such as living creatures, objects, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.

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Official language

An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction.

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Old Chinese

Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese.

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Open vowel

An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.

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Open-mid vowel

An open-mid vowel (also mid-open vowel, low-mid vowel, mid-low vowel or half-open vowel) is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

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Orthography

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language.

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Palatal consonant

Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).

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Pali

Pali, or Magadhan, is a Middle Indo-Aryan language native to the Indian subcontinent.

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Participle

A participle is a form of a verb that is used in a sentence to modify a noun, noun phrase, verb, or verb phrase, and plays a role similar to an adjective or adverb.

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Passive voice

Passive voice is a grammatical voice common in many languages.

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Past tense

The past tense (abbreviated) is a grammatical tense whose principal function is to place an action or situation in past time.

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Pathum Thani Province

Pathum Thani (ปทุมธานี) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Phetchabun Province

Phetchabun (เพชรบูรณ์) is one of the central or northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Phetchaburi Province

Phetchaburi (เพชรบุรี) or Phet Buri is one of the western or central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Phichit Province

Phichit (พิจิตร) is a province (changwat) of Thailand. It lies 330 km due north of Bangkok. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, Nakhon Sawan, and Kamphaeng Phet.

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Phitsanulok Province

Phitsanulok (พิษณุโลก), one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces, lies in upper central Thailand, borders Sukhothai and Uttaradit on the north, Loei and Phetchabun in the east, and Phichit and Kamphaeng Phet to the south.

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Phoneme

A phoneme is one of the units of sound (or gesture in the case of sign languages, see chereme) that distinguish one word from another in a particular language.

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Phonetics

Phonetics (pronounced) is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.

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Phonotactics

Phonotactics (from Ancient Greek phōnḗ "voice, sound" and tacticós "having to do with arranging") is a branch of phonology that deals with restrictions in a language on the permissible combinations of phonemes.

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Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province

Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (or Ayutthaya, พระนครศรีอยุธยา) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Phu Thai language

Phu Thai (Phuu Thai; Thai, Phu Thai: Phasa Phuthai, ภาษาผู้ไท or ภูไท) is a Southwestern Tai spoken in Laos and Thailand.

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Phuan language

Phuan is a Tai language spoken in Laos, Thailand and Cambodia.

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Plural

The plural (sometimes abbreviated), in many languages, is one of the values of the grammatical category of number.

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Possessive

A possessive form (abbreviated) is a word or grammatical construction used to indicate a relationship of possession in a broad sense.

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Prachinburi Province

Prachinburi Province (ปราจีนบุรี) is a province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Prachuap Khiri Khan Province

Prachuap Khiri Khan (ประจวบคีรีขันธ์) is one of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Present tense

The present tense (abbreviated or) is a grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in present time.

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Pro-drop language

A pro-drop language (from "pronoun-dropping") is a language in which certain classes of pronouns may be omitted when they are pragmatically or grammatically inferable (the precise conditions vary from language to language, and can be quite intricate).

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Pronoun

In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun (abbreviated) is a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase.

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Proto-Austronesian language

The Proto-Austronesian language (PAN) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Austronesian languages, one of the world's major language families.

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Proto-Hlai language

The Proto-Hlai language is the reconstructed ancestor of the Hlai languages.

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Proto-Tai language

Proto-Tai is the reconstructed common ancestor (proto-language) of all the Tai languages, including modern Lao, Shan, Tai Lü, Tai Dam, Ahom, Northern Thai, Thai, Bouyei, and Zhuang.

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Quran

The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).

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Rajm

Rajm is an Arabic word that means "stoning".

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Ratchaburi Province

Ratchaburi (ราชบุรี) or Rat Buri is one of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Rayong Province

Rayong Province (ระยอง,; Chong: ราย็ององค์ บรรจุน. สยามหลากเผ่าหลายพันธุ์. กรุงเทพฯ:มติชน, 2553, หน้า 128) is a province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Reduplication

Reduplication in linguistics is a morphological process in which the root or stem of a word (or part of it) or even the whole word is repeated exactly or with a slight change.

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Register (sociolinguistics)

In linguistics, a register is a variety of a language used for a particular purpose or in a particular social setting.

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Rice noodles

Rice noodles, or simply rice noodle, are noodles that are made from rice.

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Romanization of Thai

There are many systems for the romanization of the Thai language, i.e. representing the language in Latin script.

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Roundedness

In phonetics, vowel roundedness refers to the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel.

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Royal Society of Thailand

The Royal Society of Thailand (ราชบัณฑิตยสภา), formerly known as the Royal Society of Siam, is the national academy of Thailand in charge of academic works of the government.

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Royal Thai General System of Transcription

The Royal Thai General System of Transcription (RTGS) is the official system for rendering Thai words in the Latin alphabet.

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Sa Kaeo Province

Sa Kaeo (สระแก้ว) is a province (changwat) of Thailand.

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Sakon Nakhon Province

Sakon Nakhon (สกลนคร) is one of the northeastern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Samut Prakan Province

Samut Prakan (สมุทรปราการ) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force 9 March 1946.

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Samut Sakhon Province

Samut Sakhon (สมุทรสาคร) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on March 9, 1946.

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Samut Songkhram Province

Samut Songkhram (สมุทรสงคราม) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

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Sattahip District

Sattahip (สัตหีบ) is a district (amphoe) in Chonburi Province, Thailand.

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Second language

A person's second language or L2, is a language that is not the native language of the speaker, but that is used in the locale of that person.

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Serial verb construction

The serial verb construction, also known as (verb) serialization or verb stacking, is a syntactic phenomenon in which two or more verbs or verb phrases are strung together in a single clause.

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Shan language

The Shan language (Shan written: လိၵ်ႈတႆး), Shan spoken: ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး), or ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး,; ရှမ်းဘာသာ,; ภาษาไทใหญ่) is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Burma. It is also spoken in pockets of Kachin State in Burma, in northern Thailand, and decreasingly in Assam. Shan is a member of the Tai–Kadai language family, and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a "sixth tone" used for emphasis. It is called Tai Yai, or Tai Long in the Tai languages. The number of Shan speakers is not known in part because the Shan population is unknown. Estimates of Shan people range from four million to 30 million, though the true number is somewhere around six million, with about half speaking the Shan language. In 2001 Patrick Johnstone and Jason Mandryk estimated 3.2 million Shan speakers in Myanmar; the Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006.http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code.

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Sing Buri Province

Sing Buri (สิงห์บุรี) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Singulative number

In linguistics, singulative number and collective number (abbreviated and) are terms used when the grammatical number for multiple items is the unmarked form of a noun, and the noun is specially marked to indicate a single item.

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Sino-Xenic pronunciations

Sino-Xenic or Sinoxenic pronunciations are regular systems for reading Chinese characters in Japan, Korea and Vietnam, originating in medieval times and the source of large-scale borrowings of Chinese words into the Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese languages, none of which are genetically related to Chinese.

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Six-hour clock

The six-hour clock is a traditional timekeeping system used in the Thai and formerly the Lao language and the Khmer language, alongside the official 24-hour clock.

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Social status

Social status is the relative respect, competence, and deference accorded to people, groups, and organizations in a society.

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Song of the Yue Boatman

The Song of the Yue Boatman is a short song in an unknown language of southern China said to have been recorded around 528 BC.

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Sonorant

In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant or resonant is a speech sound that is produced with continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; these are the manners of articulation that are most often voiced in the world's languages.

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Southern Thai language

Southern Thai (Southern Thai/Thai: ภาษาไทยถิ่นใต้), also known as Pak Thai (Southern Thai: ภาษาปักษ์ใต้) or Dambro (ภาษาตามโพร), is a Southwestern Tai language spoken in the fourteen provinces of southern Thailand as well as by small communities in the northernmost Malaysian states.

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Southern Thailand

Southern Thailand is a distinct region of Thailand, connected with the central region by the narrow Kra Isthmus.

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Southwestern Tai languages

The Southwestern Tai, Southwestern Thai or Thais languages are an established branch of the Tai languages of Southeast Asia.

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Standard language

A standard language or standard variety may be defined either as a language variety used by a population for public purposes or as a variety that has undergone standardization.

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Stop consonant

In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

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Subject–verb–object

In linguistic typology, subject–verb–object (SVO) is a sentence structure where the subject comes first, the verb second, and the object third.

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Sui language

The Sui language is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Sui people of Guizhou province in China.

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Sukhothai Province

Sukhothai (สุโขทัย, Soo-Ker Ty) is one of the upper central or lower northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Suphan Buri Province

Suphan Buri (สุพรรณบุรี) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Syllable

A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds.

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Tai languages

The Tai or Zhuang–Tai languages (ภาษาไท or ภาษาไต, transliteration: or) are a branch of the Kra–Dai language family.

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Tai Lue language

Tai Lue (Tai Lü:, kam tai lue) or Tai Lɯ, Tai Lü, Thai Lue, Tai Le, Xishuangbanna Dai (ภาษาไทลื้อ, phasa thai lue,; Lự or Lữ) is a Tai language of the Lu people, spoken by about 700,000 people in Southeast Asia.

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Tai Nuea language

Tai Nuea (Tai Nüa) (also called Tai Nɯa, Tai Nüa, Dehong Dai, or Chinese Shan; own name: Tai2 Lə6, which means "upper Tai" or "northern Tai", or; Chinese: Dǎinàyǔ 傣那语 or Déhóng Dǎiyǔ 德宏傣语; ภาษาไทเหนือ, or ภาษาไทใต้คง) is one of the languages spoken by the Dai people in China, especially in the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Yunnan province.

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Tai Ya language

Tai Ya, also known as Tai-Cung, Tai-Chung and Daiya, is a Southwestern Tai language of southern China.

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Tai Yo language

Tai Yo, also known as Tai Mene and Nyaw, is a Tai language of Southeast Asia.

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Tak Province

Tak (ตาก) is one of the western provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Tenuis consonant

In linguistics, a tenuis consonant is an obstruent that is unvoiced, unaspirated, unpalatalized, and unglottalized.

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Teochew dialect

Teochew (Chaozhou dialect: Diê⁵ziu¹ uê⁷; Shantou dialect: Dio⁵ziu¹ uê⁷) is a variant of Southern Min spoken mainly by the Teochew people in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by their diaspora around the world.

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Tha Bo District

Tha Bo (ท่าบ่อ) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Nong Khai Province, northeastern Thailand.

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Thai alphabet

Thai alphabet (อักษรไทย) is used to write the Thai, Southern Thai and other languages in Thailand.

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Thai and Lao Braille

Thai Braille (อักษรเบรลล์) and Lao Braille (ອັກສອນເບຣລລ໌) are the braille alphabets of the Thai language and Lao language.

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Thai Chinese

Thai of Chinese origin, often called Thai Chinese, consist of Thai people of full or partial Chinese ancestry – particularly Han Chinese.

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Thai honorifics

Honorifics are a class of words or grammatical morphemes that encode a wide variety of social relationships between interlocutors or between interlocutors and referents.

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Thai literature

''Samut Thai'', a traditional medium for recordation and transmission of Thai and other literature in mainland Southeast Asia Thai literature is the literature of the Thai people, almost exclusively written in the Thai language (although different scripts other than Thai may be used).

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Thai numerals

Thai numerals (เลขไทย, IPA) are a set of numerals traditionally used in Thailand, although the Arabic numerals are more common due to pervasive westernization of Thailand in the modern Rattanakosin Era.

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Thai people

Thai people or the Thais (ชาวไทย), also known as Siamese (ไทยสยาม), are a nation and Tai ethnic group native to Southeast Asia, primarily living mainly Central Thailand (Siamese proper).

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Thai royal and noble titles

Thai royal and noble titles are the royal and noble styles indicating relationship to the king which were introduced by King Trailokanat (reigned 1448–1488).

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Thai Song language

Thai Song, or Lao Song, is a Tai language of Thailand.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.

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Thap Sakae District

Thap Sakae (ทับสะแก) is a district (amphoe) in the southern part of Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, central Thailand.

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Tone (linguistics)

Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning – that is, to distinguish or to inflect words.

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Transliteration

Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans- + liter-) in predictable ways (such as α → a, д → d, χ → ch, ն → n or æ → e).

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Trat Province

Trat (ตราด) is the easternmost province (changwat) along the Thai coast.

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Trill consonant

In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the active articulator and passive articulator.

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Triphthong

In phonetics, a triphthong (from Greek τρίφθογγος, "triphthongos", literally "with three sounds," or "with three tones") is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement of the articulator from one vowel quality to another that passes over a third.

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Udon Thani Province

Udon Thani (อุดรธานี) is a province (changwat) in northeast Thailand.

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Uninflected word

In linguistic morphology, an uninflected word is a word that has no morphological markers (inflection) such as affixes, ablaut, consonant gradation, etc., indicating declension or conjugation.

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Unreleased stop

A stop with no audible release, also known as an unreleased stop or an applosive, is a stop consonant with no release burst: no audible indication of the end of its occlusion (hold).

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Uthai Thani Province

Uthai Thani (อุทัยธานี) is one of the provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Uttaradit Province

Uttaradit (อุตรดิตถ์) is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Velar consonant

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (known also as the velum).

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Verb

A verb, from the Latin verbum meaning word, is a word (part of speech) that in syntax conveys an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand).

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Voice (phonetics)

Voice is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).

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Voice onset time

In phonetics, voice onset time (VOT) is a feature of the production of stop consonants.

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Vowel

A vowel is one of the two principal classes of speech sound, the other being a consonant.

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Vowel length

In linguistics, vowel length is the perceived duration of a vowel sound.

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Western Thailand

Western Thailand is a region of Thailand bordering Myanmar on the west and central Thailand on the east.

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Wikivoyage

Wikivoyage is a free web-based travel guide for travel destinations and travel topics written by volunteer authors.

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Word order

In linguistics, word order typology is the study of the order of the syntactic constituents of a language, and how different languages can employ different orders.

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Wu (state)

Wu (Old Chinese: &#42) was one of the states during the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period.

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Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture

Xishuangbanna, Sibsongbanna, or Sipsong Panna, shortened to Banna (full name: Tham: ᩈᩥ᩠ᨷᩈ᩠ᩋᨦᨻᩢ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ; New Tai Lü script:;; สิบสองปันนา; ສິບສອງພັນນາ; သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး; စစ်ဆောင်ပန္နား) is a Tai Lü autonomous prefecture in the extreme south of Yunnan, China.

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Yue (state)

Yue (Old Chinese: &#42), also known as Yuyue, was a state in ancient China which existed during the first millennium BC the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods of China's Zhou dynasty in the modern provinces of Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Jiangsu.

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Zhuang languages

The Zhuang languages (autonym:, pre-1982:, Sawndip: 話僮, from vah 'language' and Cuengh 'Zhuang') are any of more than a dozen Tai languages spoken by the Zhuang people of southern China in the province of Guangxi and adjacent parts of Yunnan and Guangdong.

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Zhuang people

The Zhuang people are an ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China.

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24-hour clock

The 24-hour clock is the convention of time keeping in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours, indicated by the hours passed since midnight, from 0 to 23.

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Redirects here:

Central Thai, Central Thai langauge, Dead word (Thai language), History of the Thai language, ISO 639:th, ISO 639:tha, Mai ek, Mai tho, Mai tri, Phasa thai, Pka:sa:tkaj, Pʰaːsaːtʰɑj, Rachasap, Siamese language, Standard Thai, Thai (language), Thai Language, Thai langauge, Thai phonetics, Thai phonology, Thai pronouns, ภาษาไทย.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language

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