218 relations: Absolution, Act of Uniformity 1549, Act of Uniformity 1552, Acts of Supremacy, Adoration, Albrecht Dürer, All Saints' Day, Andreas Osiander, Anglican Communion, Anglicanism, Anne Boleyn, Anne of Cleves, Annulment, Antichrist, Archbishop of Canterbury, Arthur, Prince of Wales, Ashgate Publishing, Aslockton, Attainder of Duke of Northumberland and others Act 1553, Baptism, Basel, Battle of Mühlberg, BBC, Benefit of clergy, Bernardino Ochino, Bishop of Durham, Bishop of Gloucester, Black Rubric, Bocardo Prison, Book of Common Prayer, Boydell & Brewer, Buckingham College, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Canon law, Canonical visitation, Catherine Howard, Catherine of Aragon, Catholic Church, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Chertsey Abbey, Christ Church, Oxford, Christian monasticism, Church of England, Clerical celibacy, Collectanea satis copiosa, Convocation of 1563, Convocations of Canterbury and York, Cornwall, Council of Trent, Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, ..., Curate, Cuthbert Tunstall, Defence of the True and Catholic Doctrine of the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, Devon, Diocese of London, Diocese of Rochester, Doctor of Divinity, Dutch Church, Austin Friars, Ecclesiastical province, Edmund Bonner, Edmund Grindal, Edward Foxe, Edward Lee (bishop), Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, Edward VI of England, Edward Whitchurch, Elizabeth I of England, Elizabethan Religious Settlement, English Reformation, Erasmus, Eucharist, Excommunication, Executor, Exhortation and Litany, Fellow, Felony, Ford Palace, Fordham University, Foxe's Book of Martyrs, Friedrich Myconius, Gerlach Flicke, German Gardiner, Great Bible, Hans Asper, Hans Holbein the Younger, Heinrich Bullinger, Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, Henry VII of England, Henry VIII of England, Heresy, Hermann of Wied, Holy orders, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy See, House of Commons of England, House of Lords, Hugh Latimer, Huldrych Zwingli, Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire), Invocation, Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples, Jan Łaski, Jane Seymour, Jesus College, Cambridge, Johannes Oecolampadius, John Calvin, John Cheke, John Chrysostom, John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, John Foxe, John Frith, John Hooper (bishop), John Knox, John Lassells, John Longland, John Ponet, John Stokesley, Juan de Villagarcía, Justus Jonas, Kent, Lady Jane Grey, Lambeth Palace, Last rites, List of Archbishops of Canterbury, List of Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation, Litany, Lord Chancellor, Lord Protector, Lutheranism, Magdalene College, Cambridge, Mantua, Marginalia, Marian exiles, Martin Bucer, Martin Luther, Martyr, Martyrs' Memorial, Oxford, Mary I of England, Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin), Newcastle upon Tyne, Nicholas Ridley (martyr), Nicholas Shaxton, Nicodemite, Nottinghamshire, Nuremberg, Oxford Martyrs, Oxford University Press, Papal bull, Papal diplomacy, Patristics, Paul Fagius, Penance, Peter Martyr Vermigli, Philip Melanchthon, Pilgrimage of Grace, Plague (disease), Pope Clement VII, Prayer Book Rebellion, Prebendaries' Plot, Predestination, Priest, Privy council, Purgatory, Ralph Morice, Reader (academic rank), Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist, Recantation, Reformation, Reformation in Switzerland, Regensburg, Reginald Pole, Regius Professor of Divinity, Religious image, Renaissance humanism, Richard Sampson, Richard Turner (reformer), Ritual, Rubric, Sacrament, Sacraments of the Catholic Church, Schmalkaldic League, Scholasticism, Simon Grynaeus, Sine populo, Sola fide, St Paul's Cathedral, St Stephen's Chapel, Star Chamber, Stephen Gardiner, Strasbourg, Surrey, The Books of Homilies, Third Succession Act, Thirty-nine Articles, Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Thomas Cromwell, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, Thomas More, Thomas Norton, Thomas Smith (diplomat), Thomas Wolsey, Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, Tower of London, Transubstantiation, Tuberculosis, University Church of St Mary the Virgin, Use of Sarum, Veneration, Vernacular, Vestments controversy, Vicegerent, Waltham Abbey (parish), William Paget, 1st Baron Paget, William Warham, Windsor Castle, Yale University Press, Zürich. Expand index (168 more) »
Absolution
Absolution is a traditional theological term for the forgiveness experienced in the Sacrament of Penance.
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Act of Uniformity 1549
The Act of Uniformity 1548 (2 & 3 Edw 6 c 1), also referred to as the Act of Uniformity 1549, was an Act of the Parliament of England, passed on 21 January 1549.
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Act of Uniformity 1552
The Act of Uniformity 1551 (5 & 6 Edw 6 c 1), sometimes referred to as the Act of Uniformity 1552, was an Act of the Parliament of England.
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Acts of Supremacy
The Acts of Supremacy are two acts of the Parliament of England passed in 1534 and 1559 which established King Henry VIII of England and subsequent monarchs as the supreme head of the Church of England.
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Adoration
Adoration (Latin) is respect, reverence, strong admiration or devotion in a certain person, place, or thing.
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Albrecht Dürer
Albrecht Dürer (21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528)Müller, Peter O. (1993) Substantiv-Derivation in Den Schriften Albrecht Dürers, Walter de Gruyter.
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All Saints' Day
All Saints' Day, also known as All Hallows' Day, Hallowmas, Feast of All Saints, or Solemnity of All Saints, is a Christian festival celebrated in honour of all the saints, known and unknown.
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Andreas Osiander
Andreas Osiander (19 December 1498 – 17 October 1552) was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer.
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Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is the third largest Christian communion with 85 million members, founded in 1867 in London, England.
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Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that evolved out of the practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England following the Protestant Reformation.
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Anne Boleyn
Anne Boleyn (1501 – 19 May 1536) was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII.
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Anne of Cleves
Anne of Cleves (Anna von Kleve; 22 September 1515 – 16 July 1557) was Queen of England from 6 January to 9 July 1540 as the fourth wife of King Henry VIII.
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Annulment
Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void.
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Antichrist
In Christianity, antichrist is a term found solely in the First Epistle of John and Second Epistle of John, and often lowercased in Bible translations, in accordance with its introductory appearance: "Children, it is the last hour! As you heard that antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have come".
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Archbishop of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury.
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Arthur, Prince of Wales
Arthur Tudor (19 September 1486 – 2 April 1502) was Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall.
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Ashgate Publishing
Ashgate Publishing was an academic book and journal publisher based in Farnham (Surrey, United Kingdom).
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Aslockton
Aslockton is a village and civil parish twelve miles (19.3 km) east of Nottingham, England and two miles (3.2 km) east of Bingham on the north bank of the River Smite opposite Whatton in the Vale, and also adjacent to Bingham, Scarrington, Thoroton and Orston.
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Attainder of Duke of Northumberland and others Act 1553
Attainder of Duke of Northumberland and others Act 1553 (1 Mar. Session 2 c.16) is an Act of the Parliament of England which confirmed the attainders for High Treason against John Duke of Northumberland, Thomas Cranmer the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Marquess of Northampton, John Earl of Warwick, Sir Ambrose Dudley, Sir Andrew Dudley, Sir John Gates, and Sir Thomas Palmer.
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Baptism
Baptism (from the Greek noun βάπτισμα baptisma; see below) is a Christian sacrament of admission and adoption, almost invariably with the use of water, into Christianity.
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Basel
Basel (also Basle; Basel; Bâle; Basilea) is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine.
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Battle of Mühlberg
The Battle of Mühlberg was a large battle at Mühlberg in the Electorate of Saxony in 1547, as part of the Schmalkaldic War.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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Benefit of clergy
In English law, the benefit of clergy (Law Latin: privilegium clericale) was originally a provision by which clergymen could claim that they were outside the jurisdiction of the secular courts and be tried instead in an ecclesiastical court under canon law.
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Bernardino Ochino
Bernardino Ochino (1487–1564) was an Italian, who was raised a Roman Catholic and later turned to Protestantism and became a Protestant reformer.
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Bishop of Durham
The Bishop of Durham is the Anglican bishop responsible for the Diocese of Durham in the Province of York.
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Bishop of Gloucester
The Bishop of Gloucester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Gloucester in the Province of Canterbury.
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Black Rubric
The term Black Rubric is the popular name for the declaration found at the end of the "Order for the Administration of the Lord's Supper" in the Prayer Book of the Church of England (BCP) which explains why the communicants should kneel and excludes possible misunderstandings of this action.
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Bocardo Prison
The Bocardo Prison in Oxford, England existed until 1771.
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Book of Common Prayer
The Book of Common Prayer (BCP) is the short title of a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion, as well as by the Continuing Anglican, Anglican realignment and other Anglican Christian churches.
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Boydell & Brewer
Boydell & Brewer is an academic press based in Woodbridge, Suffolk, England that specializes in publishing historical and critical works.
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Buckingham College, Cambridge
Buckingham College is the name of a former college of the University of Cambridge, that existed between 1428 and 1542, when it was reformed as Magdalene College.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Canon law
Canon law (from Greek kanon, a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (Church leadership), for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members.
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Canonical visitation
A canonical visitation is the act of an ecclesiastical superior who in the discharge of his office visits persons or places with a view to maintaining faith and discipline, and of correcting abuses.
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Catherine Howard
Catherine Howard (– 13 February 1542) was Queen of England from 1540 until 1541, as the fifth wife of Henry VIII.
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Catherine of Aragon
Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536), was Queen of England from June 1509 until May 1533 as the first wife of King Henry VIII; she was previously Princess of Wales as the wife of Henry's elder brother Arthur.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V (Carlos; Karl; Carlo; Karel; Carolus; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and the Spanish Empire (as Charles I of Spain) from 1516, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506.
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Chertsey Abbey
Chertsey Abbey, dedicated to St Peter, was a Benedictine monastery located at Chertsey in the English county of Surrey.
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Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church (Ædes Christi, the temple or house, ædēs, of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England.
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Christian monasticism
Christian monasticism is the devotional practice of individuals who live ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to Christian worship.
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Church of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.
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Clerical celibacy
Clerical celibacy is the requirement in certain religions that some or all members of the clergy be unmarried.
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Collectanea satis copiosa
The Collectanea satis copiosa (Latin: ‘The Sufficiently Abundant Collections’) was a collection of scriptural, historical, and patristic texts that was compiled to provide royal propagandists with arguments justifying Henry VIII's personal and England's provincial independence from Rome.
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Convocation of 1563
The Convocation of 1563 was a significant gathering of English and Welsh clerics that consolidated the Elizabethan religious settlement, and brought the Thirty-Nine Articles to close to their final form (which dates from 1571).
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Convocations of Canterbury and York
The Convocations of Canterbury and York are the synodical assemblies of the bishops and clergy of each of the two provinces which comprise the Church of England.
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Cornwall
Cornwall (Kernow) is a county in South West England in the United Kingdom.
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Council of Trent
The Council of Trent (Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento, in northern Italy), was an ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.
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Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom
The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, originally the Crown Jewels of England, are 140 royal ceremonial objects kept in the Tower of London, which include the regalia and vestments worn by British kings and queens at their coronations.
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Curate
A curate is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'') ''of souls'' of a parish.
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Cuthbert Tunstall
Cuthbert Tunstall (otherwise spelt Tunstal or Tonstall; 1474 – 18 November 1559) was an English Scholastic, church leader, diplomat, administrator and royal adviser.
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Defence of the True and Catholic Doctrine of the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ
The Defence of the True and Catholic Doctrine of the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ is a book by Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury.
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Devon
Devon, also known as Devonshire, which was formerly its common and official name, is a county of England, reaching from the Bristol Channel in the north to the English Channel in the south.
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Diocese of London
The Diocese of London forms part of the Church of England's Province of Canterbury in England.
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Diocese of Rochester
The Diocese of Rochester is a Church of England diocese in the English county of Kent and the Province of Canterbury.
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Doctor of Divinity
Doctor of Divinity (DD or DDiv; Doctor Divinitatis) is an advanced or honorary academic degree in divinity.
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Dutch Church, Austin Friars
The Dutch Church, Austin Friars (Nederlandse Kerk Londen), is a reformed church in the Broad Street Ward, in the City of London.
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Ecclesiastical province
An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian Churches with traditional hierarchical structure, including Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity.
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Edmund Bonner
Edmund Bonner (also Boner; c. 1500 – 5 September 1569) was Bishop of London from 1539–49 and again from 1553-59.
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Edmund Grindal
Edmund Grindal (c. 1519 – 6 July 1583) was an English Protestant leader who successively held the posts of Bishop of London, Archbishop of York and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of Elizabeth I of England.
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Edward Foxe
Edward Foxe (c. 1496 – 8 May 1538) was an English churchman, Bishop of Hereford.
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Edward Lee (bishop)
Edward Lee (c. 1482 – 13 September 1544) was Archbishop of York from 1531 until his death.
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Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (c. 1500 – 22 January 1552) was Lord Protector of England during part of the Tudor period from 1547 until 1549 during the minority of his nephew, King Edward VI (1547–1553).
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Edward VI of England
Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death.
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Edward Whitchurch
Edward Whitchurch (died 1561) was a London printer and publisher of Protestant works.
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Elizabeth I of England
Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death on 24 March 1603.
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Elizabethan Religious Settlement
The Elizabethan Religious Settlement, which was made during the reign of Elizabeth I, was a response to the religious divisions in England during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. This response, described as "The Revolution of 1559", was set out in two Acts.
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English Reformation
The English Reformation was a series of events in 16th century England by which the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
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Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (28 October 1466Gleason, John B. "The Birth Dates of John Colet and Erasmus of Rotterdam: Fresh Documentary Evidence," Renaissance Quarterly, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Renaissance Society of America, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Spring, 1979), pp. 73–76; – 12 July 1536), known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam,Erasmus was his baptismal name, given after St. Erasmus of Formiae.
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Eucharist
The Eucharist (also called Holy Communion or the Lord's Supper, among other names) is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches and an ordinance in others.
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Excommunication
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular receiving of the sacraments.
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Executor
An executor is someone who is responsible for executing, or following through on, an assigned task or duty.
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Exhortation and Litany
The Exhortation and Litany published in 1544 is the earliest officially authorized vernacular service in English.
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Fellow
A fellow is a member of a group (or fellowship) that work together in pursuing mutual knowledge or practice.
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Felony
The term felony, in some common law countries, is defined as a serious crime.
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Ford Palace
Ford Palace was a residence of the Archbishops of Canterbury at Ford, about north-east of Canterbury and south-east of Herne Bay, in the parish of Hoath in the county of Kent in south-eastern England.
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Fordham University
Fordham University is a private research university in New York City.
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Foxe's Book of Martyrs
The Actes and Monuments, popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs, is a work of Protestant history and martyrology by John Foxe, first published in English in 1563 by John Day.
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Friedrich Myconius
Friedrich Myconius (originally named Friedrich Mekum and also Friedrich Mykonius) (26 December 1490 – 7 April 1546) was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer.
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Gerlach Flicke
Gerlach Flicke (fl. 1545 - 1558), Latin name Gerbarus Fleccius, anglicised in the 16th century as "Garlicke", was a German portrait painter who is known for his work in London as an artist of the Tudor court.
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German Gardiner
German Gardiner (Germain, Jermyn) (date of birth unknown; executed at Tyburn, 7 March 1544) was a Roman Catholic layman, nephew to Stephen Gardiner, who became involved in the Prebendaries' Plot against Thomas Cranmer.
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Great Bible
The Great Bible of 1539 was the first authorized edition of the Bible in English, authorized by King Henry VIII of England to be read aloud in the church services of the Church of England.
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Hans Asper
Hans Asper (1499March 21, 1571) was a Swiss painter.
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Hans Holbein the Younger
Hans Holbein the Younger (Hans Holbein der Jüngere) (– between 7 October and 29 November 1543) was a German artist and printmaker who worked in a Northern Renaissance style, known as one of the greatest portraitists of the 16th century.
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Heinrich Bullinger
Heinrich Bullinger (18 July 1504 – 17 September 1575) was a Swiss reformer, the successor of Huldrych Zwingli as head of the Zürich church and pastor at Grossmünster.
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Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk
Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, 3rd Marquess of Dorset (17 January 1517 – 23 February 1554), was an English courtier and nobleman of the Tudor period.
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Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1516/1517 – 19 January 1547), KG, (courtesy title), an English nobleman, was one of the founders of English Renaissance poetry.
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Henry VII of England
Henry VII (Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death on 21 April 1509.
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Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death.
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Heresy
Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization.
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Hermann of Wied
Hermann of Wied (German: Hermann von Wied) (14 January 1477 – 15 August 1552) was the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne from 1515 to 1546.
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Holy orders
In the Christian churches, Holy Orders are ordained ministries such as bishop, priest or deacon.
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Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor (historically Romanorum Imperator, "Emperor of the Romans") was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire (800-1806 AD, from Charlemagne to Francis II).
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Holy See
The Holy See (Santa Sede; Sancta Sedes), also called the See of Rome, is the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, the episcopal see of the Pope, and an independent sovereign entity.
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House of Commons of England
The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England (which incorporated Wales) from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was replaced by the House of Commons of Great Britain.
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House of Lords
The House of Lords of the United Kingdom, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
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Hugh Latimer
Hugh Latimer (– 16 October 1555) was a Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge, and Bishop of Worcester before the Reformation, and later Church of England chaplain to King Edward VI.
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Huldrych Zwingli
Huldrych Zwingli or Ulrich Zwingli (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland.
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Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)
The Imperial Diet (Dieta Imperii/Comitium Imperiale; Reichstag) was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Invocation
An invocation (from the Latin verb invocare "to call on, invoke, to give") may take the form of.
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Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples
Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples or Jacobus Faber Stapulensis (c. 1455 – 1536) was a French theologian and humanist.
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Jan Łaski
Jan Łaski or Johannes Alasco (1499 – 8 January 1560) was a Polish Reformed reformer.
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Jane Seymour
Jane Seymour (c. 150824 October 1537) was Queen of England from 1536 to 1537 as the third wife of King Henry VIII.
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Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England.
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Johannes Oecolampadius
Johannes Oecolampadius (also Œcolampadius, in German also Oekolampadius, Oekolampad; 1482 in Weinsberg, Electoral Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire – 24 November 1531 in Basel, Canton of Basel in the Old Swiss Confederacy) was a German Protestant reformer in the Reformed tradition from the Electoral Palatinate.
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John Calvin
John Calvin (Jean Calvin; born Jehan Cauvin; 10 July 150927 May 1564) was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation.
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John Cheke
Sir John Cheke (Cheek) (16 June 1514 – 13 September 1557) was an English classical scholar and statesman.
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John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom (Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; c. 349 – 14 September 407), Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father.
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John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland
John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (1504Loades 2008 – 22 August 1553) was an English general, admiral, and politician, who led the government of the young King Edward VI from 1550 until 1553, and unsuccessfully tried to install Lady Jane Grey on the English throne after the King's death.
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John Foxe
John Foxe (1516/17 – 18 April 1587) was an English historian and martyrologist, the author of Actes and Monuments (popularly known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs), an account of Christian martyrs throughout Western history, but emphasizing the sufferings of English Protestants and proto-Protestants from the 14th century through the reign of Mary I. Widely owned and read by English Puritans, the book helped to mould British popular opinion about the Catholic Church for several centuries.
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John Frith
John Frith (1503 – 4 July 1533) was an English Protestant priest, writer, and martyr.
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John Hooper (bishop)
John Hooper, Johan Hoper, (1 March 1495 – 9 February 1555) was an English churchman, Anglican Bishop of Gloucester, and Worcester, a Protestant reformer and a Protestant martyr.
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John Knox
John Knox (– 24 November 1572) was a Scottish minister, theologian, and writer who was a leader of the country's Reformation.
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John Lassells
John Lassells (also Lascelles; died 1546) was an English sixteenth-century courtier and Protestant martyr.
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John Longland
John Longland (died 1547) was the English Dean of Salisbury from 1514 to 1521 and Bishop of Lincoln from 1521 to his death in 1547.
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John Ponet
John Ponet (c. 1514 – August 1556), sometimes spelled John Poynet, was an English Protestant churchman and controversial writer, the Bishop of Winchester and Marian exile.
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John Stokesley
John Stokesley (c. 1475 – 8 September 1539) was an English church leader who was Catholic Bishop of London during the reign of Henry VIII.
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Juan de Villagarcía
Juan de Villagarcía (John de Villa Garcia, known as Joannes Fraterculus or Friar John) (died 1564) was a Spanish Dominican from Valladolid, known as the witness to one of the statements of confession and recantation by Thomas Cranmer.
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Justus Jonas
Justus Jonas, the Elder (5 June 1493 – 9 October 1555), or simply Justus Jonas, was a German Lutheran theologian and reformer.
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Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.
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Lady Jane Grey
Lady Jane Grey (Her exact date of birth is uncertain; many historians agree on the long-held estimate of 1537 while others set it in the later half of 1536 based on newer research. – 12 February 1554), known also as Lady Jane Dudley (after her marriage) and as "the Nine Days' Queen", was an English noblewoman and de facto Queen of England and Ireland from 10 July until 19 July 1553.
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Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England, in north Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames, 400 yards south-east of the Palace of Westminster, which houses the Houses of Parliament, on the opposite bank.
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Last rites
The last rites, in Catholicism, are the last prayers and ministrations given to many Catholics when possible shortly before death.
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List of Archbishops of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the "Primate of All England" (the "first bishop" of England),, the Archbishop of Canterbury's official website effectively serving as the head of the established Church of England and, symbolically, of the worldwide Anglican Communion.
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List of Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation
Protestants were executed under heresy laws during persecutions against Protestant religious reformers for their religious denomination during the reigns of Henry VIII (1509–1547) and Mary I of England (1553–1558).
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Litany
Litany, in Christian worship and some forms of Judaic worship, is a form of prayer used in services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions.
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Lord Chancellor
The Lord Chancellor, formally the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest ranking among those Great Officers of State which are appointed regularly in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking even the Prime Minister.
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Lord Protector
Lord Protector (pl. Lords Protectors) is a title that has been used in British constitutional law for the head of state.
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Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity which identifies with the theology of Martin Luther (1483–1546), a German friar, ecclesiastical reformer and theologian.
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Magdalene College, Cambridge
Magdalene College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge.
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Mantua
Mantua (Mantova; Emilian and Latin: Mantua) is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy, and capital of the province of the same name.
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Marginalia
Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margins of a book or other document.
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Marian exiles
The Marian Exiles were English Protestants who fled to the continent during the reign of the Roman Catholic Queen Mary I and King Philip.
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Martin Bucer
Martin Bucer (early German: Martin Butzer; 11 November 1491 – 28 February 1551) was a German Protestant reformer based in Strasbourg who influenced Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anglican doctrines and practices.
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Martin Luther
Martin Luther, (10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk, and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation.
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Martyr
A martyr (Greek: μάρτυς, mártys, "witness"; stem μάρτυρ-, mártyr-) is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, refusing to renounce, or refusing to advocate a belief or cause as demanded by an external party.
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Martyrs' Memorial, Oxford
The Martyrs' Memorial is a stone monument positioned at the intersection of St Giles', Magdalen Street and Beaumont Street, just outside Balliol College, Oxford, England.
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Mary I of England
Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558) was the Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.
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Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin)
In the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, Bachelors of Arts with Honours of these universities are promoted to the title of Master of Arts or Master in Arts (MA) on application after six or seven years' seniority as members of the university (including years as an undergraduate).
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Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne, commonly known as Newcastle, is a city in Tyne and Wear, North East England, 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London on the northern bank of the River Tyne, from the North Sea.
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Nicholas Ridley (martyr)
Nicholas Ridley (–16 October 1555) was an English Bishop of London (the only bishop called "Bishop of London and Westminster").
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Nicholas Shaxton
Nicholas Shaxton (c. 1485 – 1556) was an English Reformer and Bishop of Salisbury.
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Nicodemite
A nicodemite, usually a term of disparagement, is a person who is suspected of public misrepresentation of their actual religious beliefs by exhibiting false appearance and concealing true beliefs.
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Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire (pronounced or; abbreviated Notts) is a county in the East Midlands region of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west.
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Nuremberg
Nuremberg (Nürnberg) is a city on the river Pegnitz and on the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about north of Munich.
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Oxford Martyrs
The Oxford Martyrs were Protestants tried for heresy in 1555 and burnt at the stake in Oxford, England, for their religious beliefs and teachings, during the Marian persecution in England.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Papal bull
A papal bull is a type of public decree, letters patent, or charter issued by a pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Papal diplomacy
Nuncio (officially known as an Apostolic nuncio and also known as a papal nuncio) is the title for an ecclesiastical diplomat, being an envoy or permanent diplomatic representative of the Holy See to a state or international organization.
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Patristics
Patristics or patrology is the study of the early Christian writers who are designated Church Fathers.
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Paul Fagius
Paul Fagius (1504 – 13 November 1549) was a Renaissance scholar of Biblical Hebrew and Protestant reformer.
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Penance
Penance is repentance of sins as well as an alternate name for the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox sacrament of Reconciliation or Confession.
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Peter Martyr Vermigli
Peter Martyr Vermigli (8 September 149912 November 1562) was an Italian-born Reformed theologian.
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Philip Melanchthon
Philip Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and an influential designer of educational systems.
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Pilgrimage of Grace
The Pilgrimage of Grace was a popular uprising that began in Yorkshire in October 1536, before spreading to other parts of Northern England including Cumberland, Northumberland and north Lancashire, under the leadership of lawyer Robert Aske.
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Plague (disease)
Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
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Pope Clement VII
Pope Clement VII (26 May 1478 – 25 September 1534), born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 November 1523 to his death on 25 September 1534.
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Prayer Book Rebellion
The Prayer Book Rebellion, Prayer Book Revolt, Prayer Book Rising, Western Rising or Western Rebellion (Rebellyans an Lyver Pejadow Kebmyn) was a popular revolt in Devon and Cornwall in 1549.
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Prebendaries' Plot
The Prebendaries' Plot was an attempt made by religious conservatives and cults in England to oust Thomas Cranmer from office as archbishop of Canterbury.
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Predestination
Predestination, in theology, is the doctrine that all events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.
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Priest
A priest or priestess (feminine) is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities.
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Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government.
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Purgatory
In Roman Catholic theology, purgatory (via Anglo-Norman and Old French) is an intermediate state after physical death in which some of those ultimately destined for heaven must first "undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven," holding that "certain offenses can be forgiven in this age, but certain others in the age to come." And that entrance into Heaven requires the "remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven," for which indulgences may be given which remove "either part or all of the temporal punishment due to sin," such as an "unhealthy attachment" to sin.
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Ralph Morice
Ralph Morice was the secretary and biographer of Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury.
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Reader (academic rank)
The title of reader in the United Kingdom and some universities in the Commonwealth of Nations, for example India, Australia and New Zealand, denotes an appointment for a senior academic with a distinguished international reputation in research or scholarship.
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Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist
The real presence of Christ in the Eucharist is a term used in Christian theology to express the doctrine that Jesus is really or substantially present in the Eucharist, not merely symbolically or metaphorically.
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Recantation
Recantation means a personal public act of denial of a previously published opinion or belief.
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Reformation
The Reformation (or, more fully, the Protestant Reformation; also, the European Reformation) was a schism in Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther and continued by Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin and other Protestant Reformers in 16th century Europe.
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Reformation in Switzerland
The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate (Mark Reust) and population of Zürich in the 1520s.
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Regensburg
Regensburg (Castra-Regina;; Řezno; Ratisbonne; older English: Ratisbon; Bavarian: Rengschburg or Rengschburch) is a city in south-east Germany, at the confluence of the Danube, Naab and Regen rivers.
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Reginald Pole
Reginald Pole (12 March 1500 – 17 November 1558) was an English cardinal of the Catholic Church and the last Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1556 to 1558, during the Counter Reformation.
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Regius Professor of Divinity
The Regius Professorships of Divinity are amongst the oldest professorships at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge.
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Religious image
A religious image, sometimes called a votive image, is a work of visual art that is representational and has a religious purpose, subject or connection.
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Renaissance humanism
Renaissance humanism is the study of classical antiquity, at first in Italy and then spreading across Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.
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Richard Sampson
Richard Sampson (died 25 September 1554) was an English clergyman and composer of sacred music, who was Anglican bishop of Chichester and subsequently of Coventry and Lichfield.
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Richard Turner (reformer)
Richard Turner (died 1565?) was an English Protestant reformer and Marian exile.
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Ritual
A ritual "is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, and objects, performed in a sequestered place, and performed according to set sequence".
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Rubric
A rubric is a word or section of text that is traditionally written or printed in red ink for emphasis.
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Sacrament
A sacrament is a Christian rite recognized as of particular importance and significance.
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Sacraments of the Catholic Church
There are seven sacraments of the Catholic Church, which according to Catholic theology were instituted by Jesus and entrusted to the Church.
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Schmalkaldic League
The Schmalkaldic League; was a military alliance of Lutheran princes within the Holy Roman Empire during the mid-16th century.
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Scholasticism
Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics ("scholastics", or "schoolmen") of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100 to 1700, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending dogma in an increasingly pluralistic context.
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Simon Grynaeus
Simon Grynaeus (born Simon Griner; 1493 – 1 August 1541) was a German scholar and theologian of the Protestant Reformation.
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Sine populo
Sine populo (Latin for "without the people") is an expression that was used in the Roman Rite liturgy to describe a Mass celebrated by a priest without a congregation.
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Sola fide
Sola fide (Latin: by faith alone), also known as justification by faith alone, is a Christian theological doctrine commonly held to distinguish many Protestant churches from the Catholic Church, as well as the Eastern Orthodox Churches and Oriental Orthodox Churches.
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St Paul's Cathedral
St Paul's Cathedral, London, is an Anglican cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of London and the mother church of the Diocese of London.
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St Stephen's Chapel
St Stephen's Chapel, sometimes called the Royal Chapel of St Stephen, was a chapel in the old Palace of Westminster which served as the chamber of the House of Commons of England and that of Great Britain from 1547 to 1834.
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Star Chamber
The Star Chamber (Latin: Camera stellata) was an English court of law which sat at the royal Palace of Westminster, from the late to the mid-17th century (c. 1641), and was composed of Privy Councillors and common-law judges, to supplement the judicial activities of the common-law and equity courts in civil and criminal matters.
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Stephen Gardiner
Stephen Gardiner (27 July 1483 – 12 November 1555) was an English bishop and politician during the English Reformation period who served as Lord Chancellor during the reign of Queen Mary I and King Philip.
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Strasbourg
Strasbourg (Alsatian: Strossburi; Straßburg) is the capital and largest city of the Grand Est region of France and is the official seat of the European Parliament.
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Surrey
Surrey is a county in South East England, and one of the home counties.
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The Books of Homilies
The Books of Homilies (1547, 1562, and 1571) are two books of thirty-three sermons developing the reformed doctrines of the Church of England in greater depth and detail than in the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion.
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Third Succession Act
The Third Succession Act of Henry VIII's reign was passed by the Parliament of England in July 1543, and returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the succession behind their half-brother Edward.
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Thirty-nine Articles
The Thirty-nine Articles of Religion (commonly abbreviated as the Thirty-nine Articles or the XXXIX Articles) are the historically defining statements of doctrines and practices of the Church of England with respect to the controversies of the English Reformation.
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Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden
Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden KG, PC, KS (30 April 1544), was an English barrister and judge who served as Lord Chancellor of England from 1533 to 1544.
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Thomas Cromwell
Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex (1485 – 28 July 1540) was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII of England from 1532 to 1540.
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Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (1473 – 25 August 1554) (Earl of Surrey from 1514), was a prominent Tudor politician.
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Thomas More
Sir Thomas More (7 February 14786 July 1535), venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist.
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Thomas Norton
Thomas Norton (1532 – 10 March 1584) was an English lawyer, politician, writer of verse.
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Thomas Smith (diplomat)
Sir Thomas Smith (23 December 1513 – 12 August 1577) was an English scholar, parliamentarian and diplomat.
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Thomas Wolsey
Thomas Wolsey (c. March 1473 – 29 November 1530; sometimes spelled Woolsey or Wulcy) was an English churchman, statesman and a cardinal of the Catholic Church.
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Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton
Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton (21 December 1505 – 30 July 1550), KG was an English peer, secretary of state, Lord Chancellor and Lord High Admiral.
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Tower of London
The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London.
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Transubstantiation
Transubstantiation (Latin: transsubstantiatio; Greek: μετουσίωσις metousiosis) is, according to the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church, the change of substance or essence by which the bread and wine offered in the sacrifice of the sacrament of the Eucharist during the Mass, become, in reality, the body and blood of Jesus Christ.
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
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University Church of St Mary the Virgin
The University Church of St Mary the Virgin (St Mary's or SMV for short) is an Oxford church situated on the north side of the High Street.
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Use of Sarum
The Use of Sarum, also known as the Sarum Rite or Use of Salisbury, was a variant ("use") of the Roman Rite widely used for the ordering of Christian public worship, including the Mass and the Divine Office.
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Veneration
Veneration (Latin veneratio or dulia, Greek δουλεία, douleia), or veneration of saints, is the act of honoring a saint, a person who has been identified as having a high degree of sanctity or holiness.
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Vernacular
A vernacular, or vernacular language, is the language or variety of a language used in everyday life by the common people of a specific population.
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Vestments controversy
The vestments controversy or vestarian controversy arose in the English Reformation, ostensibly concerning vestments or clerical dress.
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Vicegerent
Vicegerent is the official administrative deputy of a ruler or head of state: vice (in place of) + gerere (to carry on, conduct).
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Waltham Abbey (parish)
Waltham Abbey is a civil parish in Epping Forest District in Essex, England.
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William Paget, 1st Baron Paget
William Paget, 1st Baron Paget of Beaudesert (1506 – 9 June 1563), was an English statesman and accountant who held prominent positions in the service of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I.
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William Warham
William Warham (c. 1450 – 22 August 1532) was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1503 to his death.
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Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire.
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Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a university press associated with Yale University.
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Zürich
Zürich or Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer