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214 relations: Achilles Fang, Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms, Baiyue, Baoding, Battle of Fancheng, Battle of Guandu, Battle of Hulao Pass, Battle of Jieting, Battle of Red Cliffs, Battle of White Wolf Mountain, Battle of Wuzhang Plains, Battle of Xiaoting, Battle of Ye, Beijing, Book of Han, Buddhism, Burton Watson, California, Campaign against Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao, Cao Huan, Cao Mao, Cao Pi, Cao Rui, Cao Shuang, Cao Song, Cao Wei, Cao Zhen, Cao Zhi, Celadon, Chain pump, Chang'an, Changchun, Chen Gong, Chen Shou, Cheng Pu, Chengdu, Chinese calendar, Conquest of Shu by Wei, Conquest of Wu by Jin, Coup d'état, Crown prince, Deng Ai, Dian Lake, Differential (mechanical device), Ding Yuan, Dong Cheng (Han dynasty), Dong Yun, Dong Zhuo, Dynasties in Chinese history, ..., Eastern Wu, Emperor He of Han, Emperor Huan of Han, Emperor Ling of Han, Emperor Wu of Jin, Emperor Xian of Han, End of the Han dynasty, Eunuch, Fan Chou, Fei Yi, Fengjie County, Firmament, Fujian, Funan, Gallery road, Game of the Three Kingdoms, Ge Jianxiong, Goguryeo–Wei War, Gongsun Du, Gongsun Kang, Gongsun Yuan, Grand Canal (China), Grand chancellor (China), Guan Yu, Guanqiu Jian, Guanzhong, Guo Si, Hackett Publishing Company, Han dynasty, Hangzhou Bay, Hanzhong, He Jin, Hefei, Hong Kong, Huai River, Huang Hao, Huangfu Song, Incident at the Gaoping Tombs, Indianapolis, Ji Kang, Jian Shuo, Jian'an poetry, Jiang Wan, Jiang Wei, Jiangxi, Jin dynasty (265–420), Jingzhou (ancient China), Kaifeng, Kuaiji Commandery, Lü Bu, Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province, Li (unit), Li Jue (Han dynasty), Liang Province rebellion, Liaodong Peninsula, List of tributaries of China, Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei, Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province, Liu Bian, Liu Biao, Liu Cong (Han dynasty), Liu Shan, Liu Yan (Han dynasty warlord), Liu Yao (warlord), Liu Yu (warlord), Longzhong Plan, Lu Kang (Three Kingdoms), Lu Su, Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms), Lu Zhi (Han dynasty), Luo Guanzhong, Luoyang, Ma Jun, Ma Su, Manchuria, Mandate of Heaven, Mao Zonggang, Meng Huo, Mentorship, Military history of the Three Kingdoms, Ming dynasty, Nanjing, Nanman, North China Plain, Pei Songzhi, Poetry of Cao Cao, Poyang Lake, Qu Yuan, Rafe de Crespigny, Records of the Three Kingdoms, Repeating crossbow, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, Shanghai, Shu Han, Si River, Sichuan, Sichuan Basin, Sima Shi, Sima Yi, Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign, Sima Zhao, Sinology, Six Dynasties, Six Dynasties poetry, Song dynasty, South-pointing chariot, Springer Science+Business Media, Sui dynasty, Sun Ce, Sun Hao, Sun Liang, Sun Quan, Sun Xiu, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiyuan, Tao Qian (Han dynasty), Tao Yuanming, Taoism, Ten Attendants, Three Gorges, Timeline of the Three Kingdoms period, Tuntian, University of California Press, Victor H. Mair, Vietnam, Wang Jun (Jin dynasty), Wang Lang, Wang Yun (Han dynasty), Way of the Five Pecks of Rice, Wei River, Wooden ox, Wuhuan, Xiang River, Xu Gan, Xuchang, Xun Yu, Xuzhou (ancient China), Yan Baihu, Yang Hu, Yang Province, Yangtze, Yangtze River Delta, Ye (Hebei), Yellow Turban Rebellion, Yi Province, Yuan Shao, Zhang Fei, Zhang Heng, Zhang Ji (Han dynasty), Zhang Jue, Zhang Miao, Zhang Yang (warlord), Zhao Yun, Zhejiang, Zhongyuan, Zhou (country subdivision), Zhou Yu, Zhu Jun (Han dynasty), Zhuge Ke, Zhuge Liang, Zizhi Tongjian. Expand index (164 more) »
Achilles Fang
Achilles Chih-t'ung Fang (August 20, 1910November 22, 1995) was a Chinese scholar, translator, and educator, best known for his contributions to Chinese literature and comparative literature.
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Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms
Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms by Pei Songzhi (372-451) is an annotation completed in the 5th century of the 3rd century historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms, compiled by Chen Shou.
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Baiyue
The Baiyue, Hundred Yue or Yue were various indigenous peoples of mostly non-Chinese ethnicity who inhabited the region stretching along the coastal area from Shandong to the Yangtze basin, and as far to west as the present-day Sichuan province between the first millennium BC and the first millennium AD.
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Baoding
Baoding is a prefecture-level city in central Hebei province, approximately southwest of Beijing.
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Battle of Fancheng
The Battle of Fancheng was fought between the warlords Liu Bei and Cao Cao in 219 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Battle of Guandu
The Battle of Guandu was fought between the warlords Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in 200 AD in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Battle of Hulao Pass
The Battle of Hulao Pass is a fictional battle described in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong.
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Battle of Jieting
The Battle of Jieting was fought between the states of Cao Wei and Shu Han in 228 during the Three Kingdoms period in China.
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Battle of Red Cliffs
The Battle of Red Cliffs, otherwise known as the Battle of Chibi, was a decisive battle fought at the end of the Han dynasty, about twelve years prior to the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history.
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Battle of White Wolf Mountain
The Battle of White Wolf Mountain was a battle fought in 207 in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Battle of Wuzhang Plains
The Battle of Wuzhang Plains was fought between the contending states of Cao Wei and Shu Han in 234 during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Battle of Xiaoting
The Battle of Xiaoting, also known as the Battle of Yiling and the Battle of Yiling and Xiaoting, was fought between the state of Shu and the vassal kingdom of Wu between the years 221 and 222 in the early Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Battle of Ye
The Battle of Ye or Battle of Yecheng took place in 204 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
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Book of Han
The Book of Han or History of the Former Han is a history of China finished in 111, covering the Western, or Former Han dynasty from the first emperor in 206 BCE to the fall of Wang Mang in 23 CE.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Burton Watson
Burton Dewitt Watson (June 13, 1925April 1, 2017) was an American scholar best known for his numerous translations of Chinese and Japanese literature into English.
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California
California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.
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Campaign against Dong Zhuo
The Campaign against Dong Zhuo was a punitive expedition initiated by a coalition of regional officials and warlords against the warlord Dong Zhuo in 190 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Cao Cao
Cao Cao (– 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde, was a Chinese warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty who rose to great power in the final years of the dynasty.
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Cao Huan
Cao Huan (246–302), courtesy name Jingming, was the fifth and last emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
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Cao Mao
Cao Mao (241 – 2 June 260), courtesy name Yanshi, was the fourth emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Cao Pi
Cao Pi (– 29 June 226), courtesy name Zihuan, was the first emperor of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Cao Rui
Cao Rui (204 or 206 – 22 January 239), courtesy name Yuanzhong, was the second emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
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Cao Shuang
Cao Shuang (died 9 February 249), courtesy name Zhaobo, was a military general and regent of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Cao Song
Cao Song (died 193), courtesy name Jugao, was an official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Cao Wei
Wei (220–266), also known as Cao Wei, was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280).
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Cao Zhen
Cao Zhen (died April or May 231), courtesy name Zidan, was a military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Cao Zhi
Cao Zhi (192 – 27 December 232), courtesy name Zijian, was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China, and an accomplished poet in his time.
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Celadon
Celadon is a term for pottery denoting both wares glazed in the jade green celadon color, also known as greenware (the term specialists now tend to use) and a type of transparent glaze, often with small cracks, that was first used on greenware, but later used on other porcelains.
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Chain pump
The chain pump is type of a water pump in which several circular discs are positioned on an endless chain.
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Chang'an
Chang'an was an ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history, today known as Xi'an.
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Changchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin Province, and is also the core city of Northeast Asia.
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Chen Gong
Chen Gong (died 7 February 199), courtesy name Gongtai, was an adviser to the warlord Lü Bu in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Chen Shou
Chen Shou (233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo, was an official and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China.
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Cheng Pu
Cheng Pu (died after 210), courtesy name Demou, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Chengdu
Chengdu, formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.
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Chinese calendar
The traditional Chinese calendar (official Chinese name: Rural Calendar, alternately Former Calendar, Traditional Calendar, or Lunar Calendar) is a lunisolar calendar which reckons years, months and days according to astronomical phenomena.
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Conquest of Shu by Wei
The Conquest of Shu by Wei was a military campaign launched by the state of Cao Wei ("Wei") against its rival Shu Han ("Shu") in late 263 during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Conquest of Wu by Jin
The conquest of Wu by Jin was a military campaign launched by the Jin dynasty (265–420) against the state of Eastern Wu in 280 at the end of the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China.
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Coup d'état
A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.
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Crown prince
A crown prince is the male heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy.
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Deng Ai
Deng Ai (197 – March 264), courtesy name Shizai, was a military general of the state of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Dian Lake
Dianchi Lake (Chinese: 滇池, Diānchí), also known as Lake Dian and Kunming Lake (昆明湖, Kūnmínghú), is a large lake located on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau close to Kunming, Yunnan, in southern China.
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Differential (mechanical device)
A differential is a gear train with three shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others, or a fixed multiple of that average.
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Ding Yuan
Ding Yuan (died 189), courtesy name Jianyang, was an official and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Dong Cheng (Han dynasty)
Dong Cheng (died 200) was a military general who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Dong Yun
Dong Yun (died 246), courtesy name Xiuzhao, was an official of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Dong Zhuo
Dong Zhuo (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a military general and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Dynasties in Chinese history
The following is a chronology of the dynasties in Chinese History.
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Eastern Wu
Wu (222–280), commonly known as Dong Wu (Eastern Wu) or Sun Wu, was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280).
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Emperor He of Han
Emperor He of Han (79 – 13 February 106) was an emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty who ruled from 88 to 105.
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Emperor Huan of Han
Emperor Huan of Han (132 – 25 January 168) was the 27th emperor of the Han Dynasty after he was enthroned by the Empress Dowager and her brother Liang Ji on 1 August 146.
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Emperor Ling of Han
Emperor Ling of Han (156 – 13 May 189), personal name Liu Hong, was the 12th emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty.
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Emperor Wu of Jin
Emperor Wu of Jin, (236 – 16 May 290), personal name Sima Yan, courtesy name Anshi (安世), was the grandson of Sima Yi and son of Sima Zhao.
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Emperor Xian of Han
Emperor Xian of Han (2 April 181 – 21 April 234), personal name Liu Xie, courtesy name Bohe, was the 14th and last emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
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End of the Han dynasty
The end of the Han dynasty refers to the period of Chinese history from 189 to 220 AD, which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty's last ruler, Emperor Xian.
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Eunuch
The term eunuch (εὐνοῦχος) generally refers to a man who has been castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences.
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Fan Chou
Fan Chou (died 195) was a general serving under the warlord Dong Zhuo during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Fei Yi
Fei Yi (died 16 February 253), courtesy name Wenwei, was a regent and military general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Fengjie County
Fengjie County is a county of Chongqing Municipality, China.
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Firmament
In Biblical cosmology, the firmament is the structure above the atmosphere of Earth, conceived as a vast solid dome.
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Fujian
Fujian (pronounced), formerly romanised as Foken, Fouken, Fukien, and Hokkien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China.
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Funan
Funan, (ហ្វូណន - Fonon), (Phù Nam) or Nokor Phnom (នគរភ្នំ) was the name given by Chinese cartographers, geographers and writers to an ancient Indianised state—or, rather a loose network of states (Mandala)—located in mainland Southeast Asia centered on the Mekong Delta that existed from the first to sixth century CE.
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Gallery road
The archaeological gallery roads (棧道) were roads through remote mountain areas of China.
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Game of the Three Kingdoms
Game of the Three Kingdoms (Chinese: 三國棋, p Sān-guó-qí ; also called Sanguo Qi, Three Kingdoms Chess, or Three-Handed Xiangqi) is a three-player variant of the game xiangqi ("Chinese chess").
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Ge Jianxiong
Ge Jianxiong (born 15 December 1945) is a Chinese historical geographer.
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Goguryeo–Wei War
The Goguryeo–Wei War was a series of invasions of the Korean kingdom of Goguryeo from 244 to 245 by the Chinese state of Cao Wei.
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Gongsun Du
Gongsun Du (died 204), courtesy name Shengji, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Gongsun Kang
Gongsun Kang (200s) was an official and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Gongsun Yuan
Gongsun Yuan (died 238), courtesy name Wenyi, was a warlord and vassal of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Grand Canal (China)
The Grand Canal, known to the Chinese as the Beijing–Hangzhou Grand Canal (Jīng-Háng Dà Yùnhé), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the longest as well as one of the oldest canal or artificial river in the world and a famous tourist destination.
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Grand chancellor (China)
The grand chancellor, also translated as counselor-in-chief, chancellor, chief councillor, chief minister, imperial chancellor, lieutenant chancellor and prime minister, was the highest-ranking executive official in the imperial Chinese government.
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Guan Yu
Guan Yu (died January or February 220), courtesy name Yunchang, was a general serving under the warlord Liu Bei in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Guanqiu Jian
Guanqiu Jian (died 16 March 255), courtesy name Zhonggong, was a military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Guanzhong
Guanzhong (formerly romanised as Kwanchung), or Guanzhong Plain, is a historical region of China corresponding to the lower valley of the Wei River.
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Guo Si
Guo Si (died 197), also known as Guo Duo, was a military general serving under the warlord Dong Zhuo during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Hackett Publishing Company
Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. is an academic publishing house based in Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Hangzhou Bay
Hangzhou Bay, or the Bay of Hangzhou, is an inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai.
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Hanzhong
Hanzhong (lit. "middle of the Han River") is a prefecture-level city in southwest Shaanxi province.
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He Jin
He Jin (died 22 September 189), courtesy name Suigao, was a military general and regent of the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Hefei
Hefei is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province in China.
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory of China on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary in East Asia.
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Huai River
The Huai River, formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in China.
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Huang Hao
Huang Hao (240s–263) was a eunuch serving under Liu Shan, the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China.
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Huangfu Song
Huangfu Song (died 195), courtesy name Yizhen, was a military general who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Incident at the Gaoping Tombs
The Incident at the Gaoping Tombs was a coup d'état that took place on 5 February 249 in the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China.
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Indianapolis
Indianapolis is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County.
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Ji Kang
Ji Kang (223–262), sometimes referred to as Xi Kang, courtesy name Shuye, was a Chinese writer, poet, Taoist philosopher, musician and alchemist of the Three Kingdoms period.
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Jian Shuo
Jian Shuo (died 189) was the leader of the eunuch faction in the imperial court during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Jian'an poetry
Jian'an poetry, or Chien'an poetry (建安風骨), refers to those styles of poetry particularly associated with the end of the Han dynasty and the beginning of the Six Dynasties era of China.
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Jiang Wan
Jiang Wan (died November or December 246), courtesy name Gongyan, was a regent and military general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Jiang Wei
Jiang Wei (202 – 3 March 264), courtesy name Boyue, was a military general of the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Jiangxi
Jiangxi, formerly spelled as Kiangsi Gan: Kongsi) is a province in the People's Republic of China, located in the southeast of the country. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest. The name "Jiangxi" derives from the circuit administrated under the Tang dynasty in 733, Jiangnanxidao (道, Circuit of Western Jiangnan; Gan: Kongnomsitau). The short name for Jiangxi is 赣 (pinyin: Gàn; Gan: Gōm), for the Gan River which runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called Ganpo Dadi (贛鄱大地) which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and Po".
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Jin dynasty (265–420)
The Jin dynasty or the Jin Empire (sometimes distinguished as the or) was a Chinese dynasty traditionally dated from 266 to 420.
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Jingzhou (ancient China)
Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in Chinese historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Kaifeng
Kaifeng, known previously by several names, is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China.
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Kuaiji Commandery
Kuaiji Commandery (Chinese: t 郡, s 郡, p Kuàijī Jùn), formerly romanized as K‘uai-chi Commandery, was a former commandery of China in the area of Hangzhou Bay.
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Lü Bu
Lü Bu (died 7 February 199), courtesy name Fengxian, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of Imperial China.
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Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province was fought between the warlords Sun Quan and Liu Bei in the winter of 219–220 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Li (unit)
The li (lǐ, or 市里, shìlǐ), also known as the Chinese mile, is a traditional Chinese unit of distance.
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Li Jue (Han dynasty)
Li Jue (died 198), courtesy name Zhiran, was a military general serving under the autocratic warlord Dong Zhuo during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liang Province rebellion
The Liang Province rebellion of 184 to 189 started as an insurrection of the Qiang peoples against the Han dynasty in the western province of Liang (roughly present-day Wuwei, Gansu) in second century AD China, but the Lesser Yuezhi and sympathetic Han rebels soon joined the cause to wrestle control of the province away from central authority.
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Liaodong Peninsula
The Liaodong Peninsula is a peninsula in Liaoning Province of Northeast China, historically known in the West as Southeastern Manchuria.
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List of tributaries of China
This list of tributary states of China encompasses suzerain kingdoms from China in Europe, Africa, East Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and Southeast Asia.
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Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
The following are lists of people significant to the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history.
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Liu Bei
Liu Bei (161 – 10 June 223), courtesy name Xuande, was a warlord in the late Eastern Han dynasty who founded the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period and became its first ruler.
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Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province
Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province was a military campaign by the warlord Liu Bei in taking control of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) from the provincial governor, Liu Zhang.
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Liu Bian
Liu Bian (176 – 6 March 190), also known as Emperor Shao of Han and the Prince of Hongnong, was the 13th emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
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Liu Biao
Liu Biao (142–208), courtesy name Jingsheng, was a government official and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liu Cong (Han dynasty)
Liu Cong (207–208) was an official who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liu Shan
Liu Shan (207–271), courtesy name Gongsi, was the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
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Liu Yan (Han dynasty warlord)
Liu Yan (died 194), courtesy name Junlang, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liu Yao (warlord)
Liu Yao (157–198), courtesy name Zhengli, was a provincial governor and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liu Yu (warlord)
Liu Yu (died 193), courtesy name Bo'an, was a noble, official and minor warlord who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Longzhong Plan
The Longzhong Plan is the name given to a strategic plan by Zhuge Liang, a statesman and regent of the Shu Han state in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China.
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Lu Kang (Three Kingdoms)
Lu Kang (226 – August or September 274), courtesy name Youjie, was a military general of the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Lu Su
Lu Su (172–217), courtesy name Zijing, was a military general and official serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)
Lu Xun (183 – March or April 245), courtesy name Boyan, also sometimes referred to as Lu Yi, was a military general and statesman of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Lu Zhi (Han dynasty)
Lu Zhi (159–192),.
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Luo Guanzhong
Luo Ben (c. 1330–1400, or c.1280–1360), better known by his courtesy name Guanzhong (Mandarin pronunciation), was a Chinese writer who lived during the Yuan and Ming periods.
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Luoyang
Luoyang, formerly romanized as Loyang, is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province.
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Ma Jun
Ma Jun (220–265), courtesy name Deheng, was a Chinese mechanical engineer and politician who lived in the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Ma Su
Ma Su (190–228), courtesy name Youchang, was a military general and strategist of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Manchuria
Manchuria is a name first used in the 17th century by Chinese people to refer to a large geographic region in Northeast Asia.
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Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven or Tian Ming is a Chinese political and religious doctrine used since ancient times to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China.
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Mao Zonggang
Mao Zonggang (1632–1709; courtesy name Xushi 序始; art name Zian 子庵), and his father, Mao Lun courtesy name Shengshan 聲山) were Qing dynasty editors and commentators who influenced the conception of the Chinese novel.
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Meng Huo
Meng Huo was popularly regarded as a local leader representing the gentries of the Nanzhong region during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Mentorship
Mentorship is a relationship in which a more experienced or more knowledgeable person helps to guide a less experienced or less knowledgeable person.
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Military history of the Three Kingdoms
The military history of the Three Kingdoms period, part of the greater military history of China incorporated almost a century of prolonged warfare and disorder.
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Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China – then known as the – for 276 years (1368–1644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
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Nanjing
Nanjing, formerly romanized as Nanking and Nankin, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China and the second largest city in the East China region, with an administrative area of and a total population of 8,270,500.
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Nanman
The Man, commonly called the Nanman or Southern Man, were the ancient indigenous peoples who lived in inland South and Southwest China, mainly the Yangtze River valley.
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North China Plain
The North China Plain is based on the deposits of the Yellow River and is the largest alluvial plain of China.
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Pei Songzhi
Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a historian and government official who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and Liu Song dynasty.
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Poetry of Cao Cao
Cao Cao (155–220) was a warlord who rose to power towards the final years of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220 CE) and became the de facto head of government in China.
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Poyang Lake
Poyang Lake (Gan: Po-yong U), located in Jiangxi Province, is the largest freshwater lake in China.
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Qu Yuan
Qu Yuan (–278 BC) was a Chinese poet and minister who lived during the Warring States period of ancient China.
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Rafe de Crespigny
Richard Rafe Champion de Crespigny (born 1936), better known as Rafe de Crespigny, is an Australian sinologist and historian, currently an adjunct professor in the College of Asia and the Pacific at the Australian National University.
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Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese historical text which covers the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty (c. 184–220 AD) and the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD).
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Repeating crossbow
The repeating crossbow, also known as the magazine crossbow, or the Zhuge crossbow (previously romanized Chu-ko-nu) due to its association with the Three Kingdoms-era strategist Zhuge Liang (181–234 AD), is a Chinese crossbow that appeared in ancient times.
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Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a 14th-century historical novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong.
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Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove (also known as the Seven Worthies of the Bamboo Grove) were a group of Chinese scholars, writers, and musicians of the 3rd century CE.
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Shanghai
Shanghai (Wu Chinese) is one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of China and the most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million.
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Shu Han
Shu or Shu Han (221–263) was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280).
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Si River
The Si River is a river in Shandong Province, China.
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Sichuan
Sichuan, formerly romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan, is a province in southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north, and the Yungui Plateau to the south.
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Sichuan Basin
The Sichuan Basin, formerly transliterated as the Szechwan Basin, sometimes called the Red Basin, is a lowland region in southwestern China.
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Sima Shi
Sima Shi (208 – March 255), courtesy name Ziyuan, was a military general and regent of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sima Yi
Sima Yi (179 – 7 September 251), courtesy name Zhongda, was a military general, government official and regent of the state of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign
Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign occurred in 238 during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.
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Sima Zhao
Sima Zhao (211 – 6 September 265), courtesy name Zishang, was a military general, politician and regent of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sinology
Sinology or Chinese studies is the academic study of China primarily through Chinese language, literature, Chinese culture and history, and often refers to Western scholarship.
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Six Dynasties
Six Dynasties (Chinese: 六朝; Pinyin: Liù Cháo; 220 or 222–589) is a collective term for six Chinese dynasties in China during the periods of the Three Kingdoms (220–280 AD), Jin dynasty (265–420), and Southern and Northern Dynasties (420–589).
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Six Dynasties poetry
Six Dynasties poetry refers to those types or styles of poetry particularly associated with the Six Dynasties era of China (220 CE – 589 CE).
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.
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South-pointing chariot
The south-pointing chariot (or carriage) was an ancient Chinese two-wheeled vehicle that carried a movable pointer to indicate the south, no matter how the chariot turned.
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Springer Science+Business Media
Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
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Sui dynasty
The Sui Dynasty was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China of pivotal significance.
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Sun Ce
Sun Ce (175–200), courtesy name Bofu, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Sun Hao
Sun Hao (243 – January or February 284), courtesy name Yuanzong, originally named Sun Pengzu with the courtesy name Haozong, was the fourth and last emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sun Liang
Sun Liang (243–260), courtesy name Ziming, was the second emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sun Quan
Sun Quan (182 – 21 May 252), courtesy name Zhongmou, formally known as Emperor Da of Wu (literally "Great Emperor of Wu"), was the founder of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.
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Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu (235 – 3 September 264), courtesy name Zilie, formally known as Emperor Jing of Wu, was the third emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Taipei
Taipei, officially known as Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of Taiwan (officially known as the Republic of China, "ROC").
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Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.
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Taiyuan
Taiyuan (also known as Bīng (并), Jìnyáng (晋阳)) is the capital and largest city of Shanxi province in North China.
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Tao Qian (Han dynasty)
Tao Qian (132-194), courtesy name Gongzu, was a government official and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Tao Yuanming
Tao Yuanming (365?–427), also known as Tao Qian (Hanyu Pinyin) or T'ao Ch'ien (Wade-Giles), was a Chinese poet who lived during the Eastern Jin (317-420) and Liu Song (420-479) dynasties.
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Taoism
Taoism, also known as Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as ''Dao'').
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Ten Attendants
The Ten Attendants, also known as the Ten Eunuchs, were a group of influential eunuch-officials in the imperial court of Emperor Ling (168–189 BC) in the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Three Gorges
The Three Gorges are three adjacent gorges along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, in the hinterland of the People's Republic of China.
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Timeline of the Three Kingdoms period
This is a timeline of the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history.
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Tuntian
The tuntian system was a state-promoted system of agriculture which originated in the Western Han dynasty (206 BCE – 9 CE).
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University of California Press
University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.
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Victor H. Mair
Victor Henry Mair (born March 25, 1943) is an American Sinologist and professor of Chinese at the University of Pennsylvania.
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Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.
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Wang Jun (Jin dynasty)
Wang Jun (206–286), courtesy name Shizhi, was a military general who lived during the late Three Kingdoms period and early Western Jin dynasty of China.
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Wang Lang
Wang Lang (died December 228), courtesy name Jingxing, was an official and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Wang Yun (Han dynasty)
Wang Yun (137–192), courtesy name Zishi, was an official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
The Way of the Five Pecks of Rice or the Way of the Celestial Master, commonly abbreviated to simply The Celestial Masters, was a Chinese Taoist movement founded by the first Celestial Master Zhang Daoling in 142 CE.
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Wei River
The Wei River is a major river in west-central China's Gansu and Shaanxi provinces.
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Wooden ox
The wooden ox (木牛流馬; lit. wooden ox and flowing horse) was a single-wheeled cart with two handles (i.e., a wheelbarrow) whose invention within China is sometimes credited to Zhuge Liang while he served Shu Han around the year 230 CE.
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Wuhuan
The Wuhuan (Old Chinese: ʔˤa ɢʷˁar, Mongol romanization:Uhuan) were a Proto-Mongolic nomadic people who inhabited northern China, in what is now the provinces of Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi, the municipality of Beijing and the autonomous region of Inner Mongolia.
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Xiang River
The Xiang River is the chief river of the Lake Dongting drainage system of the middle Yangtze, the largest river in Hunan Province, China.
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Xu Gan
Xu Gan (171–218), courtesy name Weichang, was a philosopher and poet of the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Xuchang
Xuchang (postal: Hsuchang) is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province in Central China.
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Xun Yu
Xun Yu (163–212), courtesy name Wenruo, was a strategist and statesman who served as an adviser to the warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Xuzhou (ancient China)
Xuzhou as a historical toponym refers to varied area in different eras.
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Yan Baihu
Yan Baihu was a bandit leader active in the Wu or Jiangdong region during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Yang Hu
Yang Hu (221 – 27 December 278), courtesy name Shuzi, was a military general, government official, and scholar who lived during the Jin dynasty of China.
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Yang Province
Yangzhou, Yangchow or Yang Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China mentioned in historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Yangtze
The Yangtze, which is 6,380 km (3,964 miles) long, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.
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Yangtze River Delta
The Yangtze River Delta or YRD is a triangle-shaped metropolitan region generally comprising the Wu Chinese-speaking areas of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province.
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Ye (Hebei)
Ye or Yecheng was an ancient Chinese city located in what is now Linzhang County, Handan, Hebei province and neighbouring Anyang, Henan province.
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Yellow Turban Rebellion
The Yellow Turban Rebellion, also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, was a peasant revolt in China against the Eastern Han dynasty.
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Yi Province
Yi Province or Yizhou (益州), was a province of ancient China.
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Yuan Shao
Yuan Shao (died 28 June 202), courtesy name Benchu, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhang Fei
Zhang Fei (died July or August 221), courtesy name Yide, was a military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei in the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Zhang Heng
Zhang Heng (AD 78–139), formerly romanized as Chang Heng, was a Han Chinese polymath from Nanyang who lived during the Han dynasty.
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Zhang Ji (Han dynasty)
Zhang Ji (died 196) was a military general serving under the warlord Dong Zhuo during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhang Jue
Zhang Jue (died 184) was the leader of the Yellow Turban Rebellion during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhang Miao
Zhang Miao (died 195), courtesy name Mengzhuo, was an official who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhang Yang (warlord)
Zhang Yang (died 198), courtesy name Zhishu, was an official and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhao Yun
Zhao Yun (died 229), courtesy name Zilong, was a military general who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Zhejiang
, formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China.
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Zhongyuan
Zhongyuan, Chungyuan, or the Central Plain, also known as Zhongtu, Chungtu or Zhongzhou, Chungchou, is the area on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization.
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Zhou (country subdivision)
Zhou were historical political divisions of China.
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Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu (175–210), courtesy name Gongjin, was a military general and strategist serving under the warlord Sun Ce in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhu Jun (Han dynasty)
Zhu Jun (died 195), courtesy name Gongwei, was a military general and official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhuge Ke
Zhuge Ke (203 – November or December 253), courtesy name Yuanxun, was a military general and regent of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang (181–234), courtesy name Kongming, was a Chinese politician, military strategist, writer, engineer and inventor.
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Zizhi Tongjian
The Zizhi Tongjian is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084, in the form of a chronicle.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kingdoms
