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Timeline of history of environmentalism

Index Timeline of history of environmentalism

This timeline is a listing of events that have shaped humanity's perspective on the environment. [1]

438 relations: A Blueprint for Survival, A Sand County Almanac, Abalone Alliance, Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr, Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi, Acid rain, Adirondack Mountains, Agent Orange, Air pollution, Air Pollution Control Act, Al Gore, Al-Andalus, Al-Kindi, Al-Razi, Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act, Aldo Leopold, Alexander Buchan (meteorologist), Ali ibn Ridwan, Alps, Alternative fuel, American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Amoco Cadiz, An Essay on the Principle of Population, An Inconvenient Truth, Andes, Animal rights, Antarctic, Antiknock agent, Antiquities Act, Apollo 8, Arbor Day, Are We Changing Planet Earth?, Arne Næss, Arvid Högbom, Asbestosis, Atlantic herring, Atlantic Ocean, Avicenna, Banu Tamim, Bat Conservation International, BBC, Benjamin Franklin, Bhopal disaster, Bill McKibben, Biodegradation, Bird migration, Bovine somatotropin, British Empire, Brominated flame retardant, ..., Brundtland Commission, California, Caliphate, Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant, Cambridge, Carbon capture and storage (timeline), Carbon dioxide, Carl Sprengel, Carrying capacity, Córdoba, Spain, Center for Science in the Public Interest, Charles Hallock, Chernobyl disaster, Chipko movement, Chlorofluorocarbon, CITES, Clean Air Act (United States), Clean Water Act, Climate change, Club of Rome, Coal, Coastal Barrier Resources Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, Colorado River, Concorde, Conservation International, Conservation movement, Consolidated Edison, Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Copenhagen, Cuthbert, Cuyahoga River, Darwinism, David Attenborough, David Ehrenfeld, Day of Seven Billion, DDT, Debt-for-nature swap, Deep ecology, Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Defenders of Wildlife, Denis Hayes, Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, Dodo, Dolphin safe label, Dominion of Newfoundland, Dust Bowl, E. F. Schumacher, Earth Day, Earth First!, Earth Island Institute, Earth Summit, Earth Summit 2002, Earthrise, Ecological footprint, Ecology, Economic growth, Edward I of England, Ekofisk oil field, Electrical grid, Emergency Wetlands Resources Act, Encyclopædia Universalis, Endangered Species Act of 1973, Endosulfan, Energy Policy and Conservation Act, England, Environment (biophysical), Environmental Defense Fund, Environmental impact assessment, Environmental issue, Environmental law, Environmental science, Ernst Haeckel, Eugenics, European Environment Agency, Excursion, Exxon Valdez, F. Sherwood Rowland, Farne Islands, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, Filmography of environmentalism, Fish and Wildlife Act, Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, Florida, Food and Drug Administration, Forest and Stream, Forest ecology, Francis Galton, Francis Schaeffer, Francisco Moreno, Frank Fraser Darling, Friends of the Earth, Fuel, Gasoline, Gaylord Nelson, General Revision Act, Genetically modified food, Genetically modified food controversies, George Perkins Marsh, George Washington Carver, Gland, Switzerland, Global Environment Facility, Global warming, Government of Canada, Great Flood of 1993, Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, Green America, Green Revolution, Greenhouse gas, Greenpeace, Greens/Green Party USA, Hans Jonas, Henry David Thoreau, Hetch Hetchy, Hindu, Hugo Grotius, Hurricane Camille, Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane Rita, Hurricane Wilma, Ibn al-Jazzar, Ibn al-Nafis, Ibn Jumay‘, Iceland, Institute, West Virginia, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, International Institute for Environment and Development, International Meteorological Organization, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Inversion (meteorology), IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, IPCC Third Assessment Report, Iraq, Iron Eyes Cody, Isaac Israeli ben Solomon, Izaak Walton, Izaak Walton League, Jacques Cousteau, Jared Eliot, Jodhpur State, Johannesburg, John McCormick (political scientist), John Muir, John Ruskin, John Tyndall, John Wesley Powell, Jonathan Swift, Josef Stefan, Joseph Fourier, Julius Sterling Morton, Keep America Beautiful, Kerosene, Kirishi, Knut Ångström, Kuwait, Kuwaiti oil fires, Kyoto, Kyoto Protocol, Léon Teisserenc de Bort, Lead, League of Conservation Voters, Lewis Mumford, Liebig's law of the minimum, List of environmental issues, List of national parks of Argentina, Litter, Lois Gibbs, London, Love Canal, Maasai people, Madeira, Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, Mahatma Gandhi, Malayan Emergency, Man and Nature, Man and the Biosphere Programme, Mardalsfossen, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, Mario J. Molina, Mauna Loa Observatory, Mauritius, McDonald's, Medicine in the medieval Islamic world, Methyl isocyanate, Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, Minamata disease, Mississippi, Mississippi River, Missouri River, Monosodium glutamate, Montreal Protocol, Morges, MSNBC, Muir Woods National Monument, Municipal solid waste, Murray Bookchin, Nahuel Huapi National Park, National Appliance Energy Conservation Act, National Audubon Society, National Conservation Commission, National Environmental Education Act, National Environmental Policy Act, National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, National Park Service, National Parks Conservation Association, National Trails System, National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, National Wildlife Federation, National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966, Natural environment, Natural Resources Defense Council, Nebraska City, Nebraska, Nellie Kershaw, Neutron bomb, New Jersey, New York City, New York City blackout of 1977, Niagara Falls, Nitro, West Virginia, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize, Noise Control Act, Norman Borlaug, Northeast blackout of 1965, Northern river reversal, Northumberland, Nuclear power plant, Nuclear Waste Policy Act, Obninsk, Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States), Offshore drilling, Oil spill, OPEC, Operation Backfire (FBI), Oscar Baumann, Oslo Dumping Convention, OSPAR Convention, Othmar Zeidler, Our Common Future, Our New West, Our Synthetic Environment, Ozone depletion, Ozone layer, Paris, Parliament of England, Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Patagonia, Patrick Geddes, Paul Hermann Müller, Paul R. Ehrlich, Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, Pennsylvania, Pollution and the Death of Man, Polychlorinated biphenyl, Population Connection, Power Shift, Power Shift Network, Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, Public Citizen, Public Interest Research Group, Qusta ibn Luqa, Rachel Carson, Rainforest Action Network, Ralph Nader, Redwood Summer, Reith Lectures, René Dubos, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Rhine, Rio de Janeiro, Rita Lavelle, River Thames, Robert Angus Smith, Robert Underwood Johnson, Rocky Mountain Institute, Samuel Bowles (journalist), Samuel Epstein, Samuel Pierpont Langley, Save-the-Redwoods League, Scientific American, Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, Sequoia National Park, Sequoia sempervirens, Seveso disaster, Sierra Club, Silent Spring, Single-cell protein, Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior, Small Is Beautiful, Smog, So Human an Animal, Sodium cyclamate, Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936, Soil contamination, Sovereignty, Soviet Union, Spanish flu, SS Atlantic Empress, SS Torrey Canyon, State of the World (book series), Stern Review, Stockholm, Storm King Mountain (New York), Student Environmental Action Coalition, Superfund, Supreme Soviet, Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, Sustainable development, Svante Arrhenius, Territorial waters, Tetraethyllead, Texcoco, State of Mexico, The Blue Marble, The Coal Question, The Global 2000 Report to the President, The Limits to Growth, The Nature Conservancy, The Population Bomb, The Trust for Public Land, The Wilderness Society (United States), Theodore Roosevelt, Thomas Midgley Jr., Thomas Robert Malthus, Three Gorges Dam, Three Mile Island accident, Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station, Timeline of environmental history, Timeline of the New Zealand environment, Times Beach, Missouri, Tony Blair, Treaty, Trinidad and Tobago, UNESCO, United Nations, United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, United Nations Environment Programme, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, United States Department of the Interior, United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Geological Survey, United States Postal Service, United States Senate, University of Chicago Press, Unsafe at Any Speed, Unto This Last, Values Party, Vanoise National Park, Vietnam War, Walden, Wallace Stegner, Washington, D.C., Waste, Waste container, Waste management, Water fluoridation, Water pollution, Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954, Western Shield, White House, Wilderness Act, William Bartram, William E. Rees, William Elliott (writer), William Morris, William Penn, William R. Catton Jr., William Stanley Jevons, Windscale fire, World Charter for Nature, World Meteorological Organization, World Oceans Day, World population, World Resources Institute, World Wide Fund for Nature, Worldwatch Institute, Yellowstone National Park, Yosemite National Park, 1906 San Francisco earthquake, 1966 Palomares B-52 crash, 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill, 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. Expand index (388 more) »

A Blueprint for Survival

A Blueprint for Survival was an influential environmentalist text that drew attention to the urgency and magnitude of environmental problems.

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A Sand County Almanac

A Sand County Almanac: And Sketches Here and There is a 1949 non-fiction book by American ecologist, forester, and environmentalist Aldo Leopold.

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Abalone Alliance

The Abalone Alliance (1977–1985) was a nonviolent civil disobedience group formed to shut down the Pacific Gas and Electric Company's Diablo Canyon Power Plant near San Luis Obispo on the central California coast in the United States.

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Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi

Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi or Abdallatif al-Baghdadi (عبداللطيف البغدادي, 1162 in Baghdad–1231), short for Muwaffaq al-Din Muhammad Abd al-Latif ibn Yusuf al-Baghdadi (موفق الدين محمد عبد اللطيف بن يوسف البغدادي), was a physician, historian, Egyptologist and traveler, and one of the most voluminous writers of the Near East in his time.

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Abu Bakr

Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq ‘Abdallāh bin Abī Quḥāfah (أبو بكر الصديق عبد الله بن أبي قحافة; 573 CE23 August 634 CE), popularly known as Abu Bakr (أبو بكر), was a senior companion (Sahabi) and—through his daughter Aisha—the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Abu Bakr became the first openly declared Muslim outside Muhammad's family.Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami (2003), The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments, p.26, 59. UK Islamic Academy.. Abu Bakr served as a trusted advisor to Muhammad. During Muhammad's lifetime, he was involved in several campaigns and treaties.Tabqat ibn al-Saad book of Maghazi, page no:62 He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632 to 634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death. As caliph, Abu Bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by Muhammad. He was commonly known as The Truthful (الصديق). Abu Bakr's reign lasted for 2 years, 2 months, 2 weeks and 1 day ending with his death after an illness.

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Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi

Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi al-Jurjani (ابو سهل عيسى‌ بن‌ يحيى مسيحی گرگانی) was a Persian physician, from Gorgan, east of the Caspian Sea, in Iran.

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Acid rain

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH).

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Adirondack Mountains

The Adirondack Mountains form a massif in northeastern New York, United States.

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Agent Orange

Agent Orange is an herbicide and defoliant chemical, one of the tactical use Rainbow Herbicides.

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Air pollution

Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.

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Air Pollution Control Act

The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 (ch. 360) was the first Clean Air Act (United States) enacted by Congress to address the national environmental problem of air pollution on July 14, 1955.

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Al Gore

Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus (الأنْدَلُس, trans.; al-Ándalus; al-Ândalus; al-Àndalus; Berber: Andalus), also known as Muslim Spain, Muslim Iberia, or Islamic Iberia, was a medieval Muslim territory and cultural domain occupying at its peak most of what are today Spain and Portugal.

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Al-Kindi

Abu Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي; Alkindus; c. 801–873 AD) was an Arab Muslim philosopher, polymath, mathematician, physician and musician.

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Al-Razi

Razi or Al-Razi is the title of several Iranian scholars who were born in the town of Rey, Iran.

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Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act

The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) is a United States federal law passed on November 12, 1980, by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Jimmy Carter on December 2 of that year.

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Aldo Leopold

Aldo Leopold (January 11, 1887 – April 21, 1948) was an American author, philosopher, scientist, ecologist, forester, conservationist, and environmentalist.

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Alexander Buchan (meteorologist)

Dr Alexander Buchan LLD FRS FRSE (11 April 1829, Kinnesswood, Portmoak – 13 May 1907, Edinburgh) was a Scottish meteorologist, oceanographer and botanist and is credited with establishing the weather map as the basis of modern weather forecasting.

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Ali ibn Ridwan

Abu'l Hassan Ali ibn Ridwan Al-Misri, أبو الحسن علي بن رضوان المصري (c. 988 - c. 1061) was an Arab of Egyptian origin who was a physician, astrologer and astronomer, born in Giza. He was a commentator on ancient Greek medicine, and in particular on Galen; his commentary on Galen's Ars Parva was translated by Gerardo Cremonese. However, he is better known for providing the most detailed description of the supernova now known as SN 1006, the brightest stellar event in recorded history, which he observed in the year 1006. This was written in a commentary on Ptolemy's work Tetrabiblos. He was later cited by European authors as Haly, or Haly Abenrudian. According to Alistair Cameron Crombie he also contributed to the theory of induction. He engaged in a celebrated polemic against another physician, Ibn Butlan of Baghdad.

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Alternative fuel

Alternative fuels, known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are any materials or substances that can be used as fuels, other than conventional fuels like; fossil fuels (petroleum (oil), coal, and natural gas), as well as nuclear materials such as uranium and thorium, as well as artificial radioisotope fuels that are made in nuclear reactors.

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American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing cruelty to animals.

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Amoco Cadiz

Amoco Cadiz was a very large crude carrier (VLCC) under the Liberian flag of convenience owned by Amoco and transporting crude oil for Shell.

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An Essay on the Principle of Population

The book An Essay on the Principle of Population was first published anonymously in 1798, but the author was soon identified as Thomas Robert Malthus.

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An Inconvenient Truth

An Inconvenient Truth is a 2006 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about former United States Vice President Al Gore's campaign to educate citizens about global warming via a comprehensive slide show that, by his own estimate made in the film, he has given more than a thousand times.

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Andes

The Andes or Andean Mountains (Cordillera de los Andes) are the longest continental mountain range in the world.

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Animal rights

Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.

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Antarctic

The Antarctic (US English, UK English or and or) is a polar region around the Earth's South Pole, opposite the Arctic region around the North Pole.

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Antiknock agent

An antiknock agent is a gasoline additive used to reduce engine knocking and increase the fuel's octane rating by raising the temperature and pressure at which auto-ignition occurs.

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Antiquities Act

The Antiquities Act of 1906,, is an act passed by the United States Congress and signed into law by Theodore Roosevelt on June 8, 1906.

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Apollo 8

Apollo 8, the second manned spaceflight mission in the United States Apollo space program, was launched on December 21, 1968, and became the first manned spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, reach the Earth's Moon, orbit it and return safely to Earth.

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Arbor Day

Arbor Day (or Arbour; from the Latin arbor, meaning tree) is a holiday in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees.

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Are We Changing Planet Earth?

Are We Changing Planet Earth? and Can We Save Planet Earth? are two programmes that form a documentary about global warming, presented by David Attenborough.

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Arne Næss

Arne Dekke Eide Næss (27 January 1912 – 12 January 2009) was a Norwegian philosopher who coined the term "deep ecology" and was an important intellectual and inspirational figure within the environmental movement of the late twentieth century.

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Arvid Högbom

Arvid Gustaf Högbom was Swedish geologist active at Uppsala University.

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Asbestosis

Asbestosis is long term inflammation and scarring of the lungs due to asbestos.

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Atlantic herring

Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) is a herring in the family Clupeidae.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Avicenna

Avicenna (also Ibn Sīnā or Abu Ali Sina; ابن سینا; – June 1037) was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, thinkers and writers of the Islamic Golden Age.

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Banu Tamim

The tribe of Banu Tamim (بـنـو تـمـيـم) or Bani Tamim (بـني تـمـيـم) is one of the main tribes of Arabia.

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Bat Conservation International

Bat Conservation International (BCI) is an international non-governmental organization working to conserve the world's bats and their habitats through conservation, education and research efforts.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

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Bhopal disaster

The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Bill McKibben

William Ernest "Bill" McKibben (born December 8, 1960)"Bill Ernest McKibben." Environmental Encyclopedia.

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Biodegradation

Biodegradation is the disintegration of materials by bacteria, fungi, or other biological means.

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Bird migration

Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds.

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Bovine somatotropin

Bovine somatotropin or bovine somatotrophin (abbreviated bST and BST), or bovine growth hormone (BGH), is a peptide hormone produced by cows' pituitary glands.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Brominated flame retardant

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are organobromine compounds that have an inhibitory effect on combustion chemistry and tend to reduce the flammability of products containing them.

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Brundtland Commission

Formerly known as the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), the mission of the Brundtland Commission is to unite countries to pursue sustainable development together.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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Caliphate

A caliphate (خِلافة) is a state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (خَليفة), a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire ummah (community).

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Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant

The Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant (CCNPP) is a nuclear power plant located on the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay near Lusby, Calvert County, Maryland in the Mid-Atlantic United States.

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Cambridge

Cambridge is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam approximately north of London.

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Carbon capture and storage (timeline)

The milestones for carbon capture and storage show the lack of commercial scale development and implementation of CCS over the years since the first carbon tax was imposed.

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Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.

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Carl Sprengel

Karl or Philipp Carl Sprengel (March 29, 1787 – April 19, 1859) was a German botanist from Schillerslage (now part of Burgdorf, Hanover).

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Carrying capacity

The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment.

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Córdoba, Spain

Córdoba, also called Cordoba or Cordova in English, is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba.

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Center for Science in the Public Interest

The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) is a Washington, D.C.-based non-profit watchdog and consumer advocacy group that advocates for safer and healthier foods.

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Charles Hallock

Charles Hallock (March 13, 1834 – December 2, 1917) was an American author and publisher born in New York City to Gerard Hallock and Elizabeth Allen.

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Chernobyl disaster

The Chernobyl disaster, also referred to as the Chernobyl accident, was a catastrophic nuclear accident.

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Chipko movement

The Chipko movement or Chipko Andolan was a forest conservation movement where people embraced the trees to prevent them from being cut.

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Chlorofluorocarbon

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are fully halogenated paraffin hydrocarbons that contain only carbon (С), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F), produced as volatile derivative of methane, ethane, and propane.

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CITES

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals.

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Clean Air Act (United States)

The Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.) is a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level.

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Clean Water Act

The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution.

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Climate change

Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time (i.e., decades to millions of years).

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Club of Rome

The Club of Rome describes itself as "an organisation of individuals who share a common concern for the future of humanity and strive to make a difference.

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Coal

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.

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Coastal Barrier Resources Act

The Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CBRA, Public Law 97-348) of the United States was enacted October 18, 1982.

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Coastal Zone Management Act

The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA;,, Chapter 33) is an Act of Congress passed in 1972 to encourage coastal states to develop and implement coastal zone management plans (CZMPs).

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Colorado River

The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Rio Grande).

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Concorde

The Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde is a British-French turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner that was operated from 1976 until 2003.

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Conservation International

Conservation International (CI) is an American nonprofit environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia.

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Conservation movement

The conservation movement, also known as nature conservation, is a political, environmental, and social movement that seeks to protect natural resources including animal and plant species as well as their habitat for the future.

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Consolidated Edison

Consolidated Edison, Inc., commonly known as Con Edison or Con Ed, is one of the largest investor-owned energy companies in the United States, with approximately $13 billion in annual revenues as of 2016, and over $47 billion in assets.

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Convention on Biological Diversity

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty.

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Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

The Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, often abbreviated as Air Pollution or CLRTAP, is intended to protect the human environment against air pollution and to gradually reduce and prevent air pollution, including long-range transboundary air pollution.

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Copenhagen

Copenhagen (København; Hafnia) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark.

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Cuthbert

Cuthbert (c. 634 – 20 March 687) is a saint of the early Northumbrian church in the Celtic tradition.

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Cuyahoga River

The Cuyahoga River is a river in the United States, located in Northeast Ohio, that feeds into Lake Erie.

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Darwinism

Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and others, stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.

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David Attenborough

Sir David Frederick Attenborough (born 8 May 1926) is an English broadcaster and naturalist.

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David Ehrenfeld

David Ehrenfeld is an American professor of biology at Rutgers University and is the author of over a dozen publications, including The Arrogance of Humanism (1978), Becoming Good Ancestors: How We Balance Nature, Community, and Technology (2009), and Swimming Lessons: Keeping Afloat in the Age of Technology (2002).

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Day of Seven Billion

The Day of Seven Billion, October 31, 2011, is the day that has been officially designated by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) as the approximate day on which the world's population reached seven billion people.

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DDT

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochlorine, originally developed as an insecticide, and ultimately becoming infamous for its environmental impacts.

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Debt-for-nature swap

Debt-for-nature swaps are financial transactions in which a portion of a developing nation's foreign debt is forgiven in exchange for local investments in environmental conservation measures.

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Deep ecology

Deep ecology is an ecological and environmental philosophy promoting the inherent worth of living beings regardless of their instrumental utility to human needs, plus a radical restructuring of modern human societies in accordance with such ideas.

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Deepwater Horizon oil spill

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (also referred to as the BP oil spill/leak, the BP oil disaster, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, and the Macondo blowout) is an industrial disaster that began on 20 April 2010, in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect, considered to be the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8% to 31% larger in volume than the previous largest, the Ixtoc I oil spill.

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Defenders of Wildlife

Defenders of Wildlife is a 501(c)(3) non-profit conservation organization based in the United States.

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Denis Hayes

Denis Allen Hayes (born August 29, 1944) is an environmental advocate and proponent of solar power.

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Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds

Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are compounds that are highly toxic environmental persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

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Dodo

The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean.

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Dolphin safe label

Dolphin-safe labels are used to denote compliance with laws or policies designed to minimize dolphin fatalities during fishing for tuna destined for canning.

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Dominion of Newfoundland

Newfoundland was a British dominion from 1907 to 1949.

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Dust Bowl

The Dust Bowl, also known as the Dirty Thirties, was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion (the Aeolian processes) caused the phenomenon.

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E. F. Schumacher

Ernst Friedrich Schumacher (19 August 1911 – 4 September 1977) was a German statistician and economist who is best known for his proposals for human-scale, decentralised and appropriate technologies.

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Earth Day

Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22.

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Earth First!

Earth First! is a radical environmental advocacy group that emerged in the Southwestern United States in 1979.

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Earth Island Institute

The Earth Island Institute is non-profit environmental group founded in 1982 by David Brower.

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Earth Summit

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, the Rio Summit, the Rio Conference, and the Earth Summit (Portuguese: ECO92), was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992.

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Earth Summit 2002

The World Summit on Sustainable Development, WSSD or ONG Earth Summit 2002 took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September 2002.

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Earthrise

Earthrise is a photograph of the Earth and parts of the Moon's surface taken from lunar orbit by astronaut Bill Anders in 1968, during the Apollo 8 mission.

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Ecological footprint

The ecological footprint measures human demand on nature, i.e., the quantity of nature it takes to support people or an economy.

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Ecology

Ecology (from οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of") is the branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.

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Economic growth

Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time.

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Edward I of England

Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307.

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Ekofisk oil field

Ekofisk is an oil field in block 2/4 of the Norwegian sector of the North Sea about southwest of Stavanger.

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Electrical grid

An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers.

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Emergency Wetlands Resources Act

The Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986 became a United States federal law (P.L.) 99-645 (100 Stat. 3582) on November 10, 1986.

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Encyclopædia Universalis

The Encyclopædia Universalis is a French-language general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., a privately held company.

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Endangered Species Act of 1973

The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is one of the few dozens of US environmental laws passed in the 1970s, and serves as the enacting legislation to carry out the provisions outlined in The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).

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Endosulfan

Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally.

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Energy Policy and Conservation Act

The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA) is a United States Act of Congress that responded to the 1973 oil crisis by creating a comprehensive approach to federal energy policy.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Environment (biophysical)

A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution.

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Environmental Defense Fund

Environmental Defense Fund or EDF (formerly known as Environmental Defense) is a United States-based nonprofit environmental advocacy group.

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Environmental impact assessment

Environmental assessment (EA) is the assessment of the environmental consequences (positive and negative) of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action.

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Environmental issue

Environmental issues are harmful effects of human activity on the biophysical environment.

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Environmental law

Environmental law, also known as environmental and natural resources law, is a collective term describing the network of treaties, statutes, regulations, common and customary laws addressing the effects of human activity on the natural environment.

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Environmental science

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical, biological and information sciences (including ecology, biology, physics, chemistry, plant science, zoology, mineralogy, oceanology, limnology, soil science, geology and physical geography (geodesy), and atmospheric science) to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems.

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Ernst Haeckel

Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (16 February 1834 – 9 August 1919) was a German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, marine biologist, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.

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Eugenics

Eugenics (from Greek εὐγενής eugenes 'well-born' from εὖ eu, 'good, well' and γένος genos, 'race, stock, kin') is a set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.

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European Environment Agency

The European Environment Agency (EEA) is the agency of the European Union (EU) that provides independent information on the environment, thereby helping those involved in developing, adopting, implementing and evaluating environmental policy, as well as informing the general public.

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Excursion

An excursion is a trip by a group of people, usually made for leisure, education, or physical purposes.

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Exxon Valdez

Oriental Nicety, formerly Exxon Valdez, Exxon Mediterranean, SeaRiver Mediterranean, S/R Mediterranean, Mediterranean, and Dong Fang Ocean, was an oil tanker that gained notoriety after running aground in Prince William Sound spilling hundreds of thousands of barrels of crude oil in Alaska.

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F. Sherwood Rowland

Frank Sherwood "Sherry" Rowland (June 28, 1927 – March 10, 2012) was an American Nobel laureate and a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine.

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Farne Islands

The Farne Islands are a group of islands off the coast of Northumberland, England.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is a United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment.

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Filmography of environmentalism

No description.

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Fish and Wildlife Act

Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 of the United States of America establishes a comprehensive national fish, shellfish, and wildlife resources policy with emphasis on the commercial fishing industry but also with a direction to administer the Act with regard to the inherent right of every citizen and resident to fish for pleasure, enjoyment, and betterment and to maintain and increase public opportunities for recreational use of fish and wildlife resources.

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Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act

The Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (FWCA) of the United States was enacted March 10, 1934 to protect fish and wildlife when federal actions result in the control or modification of a natural stream or body of water.

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Florida

Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States.

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Food and Drug Administration

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.

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Forest and Stream

Forest and Stream was a magazine featuring hunting, fishing, and other outdoor activities in the United States.

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Forest ecology

Forest ecology is the scientific study of the interrelated patterns, processes, flora, fauna and ecosystems in forests.

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Francis Galton

Sir Francis Galton, FRS (16 February 1822 – 17 January 1911) was an English Victorian era statistician, progressive, polymath, sociologist, psychologist, anthropologist, eugenicist, tropical explorer, geographer, inventor, meteorologist, proto-geneticist, and psychometrician.

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Francis Schaeffer

Francis August Schaeffer (January 30, 1912 – May 15, 1984) was an American Evangelical Christian theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor.

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Francisco Moreno

Francisco Pascasio Moreno (May 31, 1852 – November 22, 1919) was a prominent explorer and academic in Argentina, where he is usually referred to as Perito Moreno (perito means "specialist, expert").

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Frank Fraser Darling

Sir Frank Fraser Darling FRSE LLD (born Frank Darling, 23 June 1903 – 22 October 1979) was an English ecologist, ornithologist, farmer, conservationist and author, who is strongly associated with the highlands and islands of Scotland.

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Friends of the Earth

Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) is an international network of environmental organizations in 74 countries.

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Fuel

A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as heat energy or to be used for work.

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Gasoline

Gasoline (American English), or petrol (British English), is a transparent, petroleum-derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in spark-ignited internal combustion engines.

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Gaylord Nelson

Gaylord Anton Nelson (June 4, 1916July 3, 2005) was an American politician and environmentalist from Wisconsin who served as a United States Senator and governor.

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General Revision Act

The General Revision Act (sometimes Land Revision Act) of 1891 was a Federal legislation initiative signed in 1891 under the Presidential Administration of Benjamin Harrison.

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Genetically modified food

Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods, bioengineered foods, genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.

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Genetically modified food controversies

Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.

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George Perkins Marsh

George Perkins Marsh (March 15, 1801 – July 23, 1882), an American diplomat and philologist, is considered by some to be America's first environmentalist and by recognizing the irreversible impact of man's actions on the earth, a precursor to the sustainability concept, although "conservationist" would be more accurate.

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George Washington Carver

George Washington Carver (1860sThe Notable Names Database states around 1860 citing a census report from 1870: "1864 is frequently cited as his birth year, but in the 1870 census form filed by Moses and Susan Carver he is listed as being ten years old.", NNDB. – January 5, 1943), was an American botanist and inventor.

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Gland, Switzerland

Gland is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

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Global Environment Facility

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established on the eve of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit to help tackle our planet’s most pressing environmental problems.

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Global warming

Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.

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Government of Canada

The Government of Canada (Gouvernement du Canada), formally Her Majesty's Government (Gouvernement de Sa Majesté), is the federal administration of Canada.

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Great Flood of 1993

The Great Mississippi and Missouri Rivers Flood of 1993 (or "Great Flood of 1993") occurred in the American Midwest, along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries, from May to October 1993.

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Great Mississippi Flood of 1927

The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 was the most destructive river flood in the history of the United States, with inundated up to a depth of.

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Green America

Green America (originally known as Co-op America until January 1, 2009) is a nonprofit membership organization based in the United States that promotes ethical consumerism.

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Green Revolution

The Green Revolution, or Third Agricultural Revolution, refers to a set of research and the development of technology transfer initiatives occurring between the 1930s and the late 1960s (with prequels in the work of the agrarian geneticist Nazareno Strampelli in the 1920s and 1930s), that increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s.

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Greenhouse gas

A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiant energy within the thermal infrared range.

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Greenpeace

Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization with offices in over 39 countries and with an international coordinating body in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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Greens/Green Party USA

The Greens/Green Party USA (G/GPUSA) formed out of the Green Committees of Correspondence in 1990 and was recognized as a national political party by the FEC from 1991 to 2005.

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Hans Jonas

Hans Jonas (10 May 1903 – 5 February 1993) was a German-born American Jewish philosopher, from 1955 to 1976 the Alvin Johnson Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City.

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Henry David Thoreau

Henry David Thoreau (see name pronunciation; July 12, 1817 – May 6, 1862) was an American essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, and historian.

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Hetch Hetchy

Hetch Hetchy is the name of a valley, a reservoir and a water system in California in the United States.

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Hindu

Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.

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Hugo Grotius

Hugo Grotius (10 April 1583 – 28 August 1645), also known as Huig de Groot or Hugo de Groot, was a Dutch jurist.

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Hurricane Camille

Hurricane Camille was the second-most intense tropical cyclone to strike the United States on record.

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Hurricane Katrina

Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly Category 5 hurricane that caused catastrophic damage along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge and levee failure.

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Hurricane Rita

Hurricane Rita was the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense tropical cyclone ever observed in the Gulf of Mexico.

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Hurricane Wilma

Hurricane Wilma was the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Atlantic basin, and the second-most intense tropical cyclone recorded in the Western Hemisphere, after Hurricane Patricia in 2015.

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Ibn al-Jazzar

Ahmed Bin Jaafar Bin Brahim Ibn Al Jazzar Al-Qayrawani (895 – 979) (أبو جعفر أحمد بن أبي خالد بن الجزار القيرواني), was an influential 10th-century Muslim Arab physician who became famous for his writings on Islamic medicine.

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Ibn al-Nafis

Ala-al-din abu Al-Hassan Ali ibn Abi-Hazm al-Qarshi al-Dimashqi (Arabic: علاء الدين أبو الحسن عليّ بن أبي حزم القرشي الدمشقي), known as Ibn al-Nafis (Arabic: ابن النفيس), was an Arab physician mostly famous for being the first to describe the pulmonary circulation of the blood.

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Ibn Jumay‘

Abū al-Makārim Hibat Allāh ibn Zayn al-Dīn Ibn Jumay‘ (died 1198 / AH 594) was an Egyptian Jewish physician, chief physician at the court of Saladin.

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Iceland

Iceland is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic, with a population of and an area of, making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.

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Institute, West Virginia

Institute is an unincorporated community on the Kanawha River in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States.

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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific and intergovernmental body under the auspices of the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments, dedicated to the task of providing the world with an objective, scientific view of climate change and its political and economic impacts.

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International Institute for Environment and Development

The International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) is an independent policy research institute (think tank) whose stated mission is to "build a fairer, more sustainable world, using evidence, action and influence in partnership with others." Its director is Dr Andrew Norton.

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International Meteorological Organization

The International Meteorological Organization (IMO; 1873–1951) was the first organization formed with the purpose of exchanging weather information among the countries of the world.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Inversion (meteorology)

In meteorology, an inversion is a deviation from the normal change of an atmospheric property with altitude.

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IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

The Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the fifth in a series of such reports.

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IPCC Fourth Assessment Report

Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), is the fourth in a series of reports intended to assess scientific, technical and socio-economic information concerning climate change, its potential effects, and options for adaptation and mitigation.

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IPCC Third Assessment Report

The IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR), Climate Change 2001, is an assessment of available scientific and socio-economic information on climate change by the IPCC.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Iron Eyes Cody

Iron Eyes Cody (born Espera Oscar de Corti April 3, 1904 – January 4, 1999) was an Italian-American actor.

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Isaac Israeli ben Solomon

Isaac Israeli ben Solomon (Hebrew: Yitzhak ben Shlomo ha-Yisraeli; Arabic: Abu Ya'qub Ishaq ibn Suleiman al-Isra'ili) (c. 832 – c. 932), also known as Isaac Israeli the Elder and Isaac Judaeus, was one of the foremost Arab Jewish physicians and philosophers of his time.

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Izaak Walton

Izaak Walton (–1683) was an English writer.

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Izaak Walton League

The Izaak Walton League is an American environmental organization founded in 1922 that promotes natural resource protection and outdoor recreation.

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Jacques Cousteau

Jacques-Yves Cousteau (11 June 1910 – 25 June 1997) was a French naval officer, explorer, conservationist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water.

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Jared Eliot

Jared Eliot (November 7, 1685—April 22, 1763) was a farmer, minister and physician in Guilford, Connecticut who wrote several articles on agriculture and animal husbandry.

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Jodhpur State

Jodhpur State also historically known as the Kingdom of Marwar (Hindi:मारवाड़ राज्य), was a princely state in the Marwar region from 1226 to 1949.

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Johannesburg

Johannesburg (also known as Jozi, Joburg and Egoli) is the largest city in South Africa and is one of the 50 largest urban areas in the world.

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John McCormick (political scientist)

John McCormick (born November 30, 1954) is Jean Monnet Chair of European Union Politics at Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), and was department chair from 2001 until 2008.

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John Muir

John Muir (April 21, 1838 – December 24, 1914) also known as "John of the Mountains" and "Father of the National Parks", was an influential Scottish-American naturalist, author, environmental philosopher, glaciologist and early advocate for the preservation of wilderness in the United States.

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John Ruskin

John Ruskin (8 February 1819 – 20 January 1900) was the leading English art critic of the Victorian era, as well as an art patron, draughtsman, watercolourist, a prominent social thinker and philanthropist.

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John Tyndall

John Tyndall FRS (2 August 1820 – 4 December 1893) was a prominent 19th-century physicist.

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John Wesley Powell

John Wesley "Wes" Powell (March 24, 1834 – September 23, 1902) was a U.S. soldier, geologist, explorer of the American West, professor at Illinois Wesleyan University, and director of major scientific and cultural institutions.

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Jonathan Swift

Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.

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Josef Stefan

Josef Stefan (Jožef Štefan; 24 March 1835 – 7 January 1893) was an ethnic Carinthian Slovene physicist, mathematician, and poet of the Austrian Empire.

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Joseph Fourier

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (21 March 1768 – 16 May 1830) was a French mathematician and physicist born in Auxerre and best known for initiating the investigation of Fourier series and their applications to problems of heat transfer and vibrations.

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Julius Sterling Morton

Julius Sterling Morton (April 22, 1832 – April 27, 1902) was a Nebraska newspaper editor who served as President Grover Cleveland's Secretary of Agriculture.

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Keep America Beautiful

Keep America Beautiful is a Stamford, CT based non profit organization founded in 1953.

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Kerosene

Kerosene, also known as paraffin, lamp oil, and coal oil (an obsolete term), is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid which is derived from petroleum.

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Kirishi

Kirishi (Ки́риши) is a town and the administrative center of Kirishsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volkhov River, southeast of St. Petersburg.

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Knut Ångström

Knut Johan Ångström (12 January 18574 March 1910) was a Swedish physicist.

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Kuwait

Kuwait (الكويت, or), officially the State of Kuwait (دولة الكويت), is a country in Western Asia.

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Kuwaiti oil fires

The Kuwaiti oil fires were caused by Iraqi military forces setting fire to a reported 605 to 732 oil wells along with an unspecified number of oil filled low-lying areas, such as oil lakes and fire trenches, as part of a scorched earth policy while retreating from Kuwait in 1991 due to the advances of Coalition military forces in the Persian Gulf War.

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Kyoto

, officially, is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, located in the Kansai region of Japan.

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Kyoto Protocol

The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that (part one) global warming is occurring and (part two) it is extremely likely that human-made CO2 emissions have predominantly caused it.

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Léon Teisserenc de Bort

Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (5 November 1855 in Paris, France – 2 January 1913 in Cannes, France) was a French meteorologist and a pioneer in the field of aerology.

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Lead

Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.

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League of Conservation Voters

The League of Conservation Voters (LCV) is an American environmental advocacy group.

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Lewis Mumford

Lewis Mumford (October 19, 1895 – January 26, 1990) was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic.

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Liebig's law of the minimum

Liebig's law of the minimum, often simply called Liebig's law or the law of the minimum, is a principle developed in agricultural science by Carl Sprengel (1828) and later popularized by Justus von Liebig.

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List of environmental issues

This is an alphabetical list of environmental issues, harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment.

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List of national parks of Argentina

The National Parks of Argentina make up a network of 33 national parks in Argentina.

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Litter

Litter consists of waste products that have been disposed improperly, without consent, at an inappropriate location.

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Lois Gibbs

Lois Marie Gibbs (born June 25, 1951) is an American environmental activist.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Love Canal

Love Canal is a neighborhood within Niagara Falls, New York.

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Maasai people

Maasai are a Nilotic ethnic group inhabiting central and southern Kenya and northern Tanzania.

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Madeira

Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago situated in the north Atlantic Ocean, southwest of Portugal.

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Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act

The Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSFCMA), commonly referred to as the Magnuson–Stevens Act (MSA), is the legal provision for promoting optimal exploitation of U.S. coastal fisheries.

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Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.

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Malayan Emergency

The Malayan Emergency (Darurat Malaya) was a guerrilla war fought in pre- and post-independence Federation of Malaya, from 1948 until 1960.

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Man and Nature

Man and Nature: Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action, first published in 1864, was written by American polymath scholar and diplomat George Perkins Marsh. Marsh intended it to show that “whereas think the earth made man, man in fact made the earth”.

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Man and the Biosphere Programme

Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific programme, launched in 1971 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their environments.

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Mardalsfossen

Mardalsfossen is one of the ten highest waterfalls in Europe.

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Marine Mammal Protection Act

The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) was the first act of the United States Congress to call specifically for an ecosystem approach to wildlife management.

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Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (MPRSA) or Ocean Dumping Act is one of several key environmental laws passed by the US Congress in 1972.

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Mario J. Molina

Mario José Molina-Pasquel Henríquez (born March 19, 1943) is a Mexican chemist reputed for his pivotal role in the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole.

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Mauna Loa Observatory

The Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) is an atmospheric baseline station on Mauna Loa, on the island of Hawaii.

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Mauritius

Mauritius (or; Maurice), officially the Republic of Mauritius (République de Maurice), is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent.

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McDonald's

McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.

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Medicine in the medieval Islamic world

In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine is the science of medicine developed in the Islamic Golden Age, and written in Arabic, the lingua franca of Islamic civilization.

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Methyl isocyanate

Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO.

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Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (MBTA), codified at (although §709 is omitted), is a United States federal law, first enacted in 1916 to implement the convention for the protection of migratory birds between the United States and Great Britain (acting on behalf of Canada).

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Minamata disease

, sometimes referred to as, is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning.

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Mississippi

Mississippi is a state in the Southern United States, with part of its southern border formed by the Gulf of Mexico.

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Mississippi River

The Mississippi River is the chief river of the second-largest drainage system on the North American continent, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system.

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Missouri River

The Missouri River is the longest river in North America.

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Monosodium glutamate

Monosodium glutamate (MSG, also known as sodium glutamate) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids.

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Montreal Protocol

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.

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Morges

Morges (Latin: Morgiis (plural, probably ablative, else dative)) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges and is also the seat of the district.

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MSNBC

MSNBC is an American news cable and satellite television network that provides news coverage and political commentary from NBC News on current events.

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Muir Woods National Monument

Muir Woods National Monument is a United States National Monument managed by the National Park Service.

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Municipal solid waste

Municipal solid waste (MSW), commonly known as trash or garbage in the United States and rubbish in Britain, is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public.

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Murray Bookchin

Murray Bookchin (January 14, 1921 – July 30, 2006)was an American social theorist, author, orator, historian, and political philosopher.

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Nahuel Huapi National Park

Nahuel Huapi National Park is the oldest national park in Argentina, established in 1934.

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National Appliance Energy Conservation Act

The National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA) is a United States Act of Congress that regulates energy consumption of specific household appliances.

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National Audubon Society

The National Audubon Society (Audubon) is a non-profit environmental organization dedicated to conservation.

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National Conservation Commission

The National Conservation Commission was appointed on June 8, 1908 by President Theodore Roosevelt and consisted of representatives of the United States Congress and relevant executive agency technocrats; Gifford Pinchot served as chairman of its executive committee.

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National Environmental Education Act

The National Environmental Education Act of 1990 is an act of Congress of the United States of America to promote environmental education.

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National Environmental Policy Act

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a United States environmental law that promotes the enhancement of the environment and established the President's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ).

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National Historic Preservation Act of 1966

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA; Public Law 89-665; 54 U.S.C. 300101 et seq.) is legislation intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites in the United States of America.

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National Park Service

The National Park Service (NPS) is an agency of the United States federal government that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations.

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National Parks Conservation Association

The National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA) is the only independent, nonpartisan membership organization devoted exclusively to advocacy on behalf of the National Parks System.

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National Trails System

The National Trails System was created by the National Trails System Act, codified at et seq. The Act created a series of National trails "to promote the preservation of, public access to, travel within, and enjoyment and appreciation of the open-air, outdoor areas and historic resources of the Nation." Specifically, the Act authorized three types of trails: the National Scenic Trails, National Recreation Trails and connecting-and-side trails.

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National Wild and Scenic Rivers System

The National Wild and Scenic River is a designation for certain protected areas in the United States.

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National Wildlife Federation

The National Wildlife Federation (NWF) is the United States' largest private, nonprofit conservation education and advocacy organization, with over six million members and supporters, and 51 state and territorial affiliated organizations (including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands).

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National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966

The act provided guidelines and directives for administration and management of all areas in National Wildlife Refuge system including "wildlife refuges, areas for the protection and conservation of fish and wildlife that are threatened with extinction, wildlife ranges, game ranges, wildlife management areas, and waterfowl production areas.".

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Natural environment

The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally, meaning in this case not artificial.

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Natural Resources Defense Council

The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) is a United States-based, non-profit international environmental advocacy group, with its headquarters in New York City and offices in Washington, D.C.; San Francisco; Los Angeles; New Delhi, India; Chicago; Bozeman, Montana; and Beijing, China.

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Nebraska City, Nebraska

Nebraska City is a city in, and the county seat of, Otoe County, Nebraska, United States.

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Nellie Kershaw

Nellie Kershaw (c. 1891 – 14 March 1924) was an English textile worker from Rochdale, Lancashire.

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Neutron bomb

A neutron bomb, officially defined as a type of enhanced radiation weapon (ERW), is a low yield thermonuclear weapon designed to maximize lethal neutron radiation in the immediate vicinity of the blast while minimizing the physical power of the blast itself.

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New Jersey

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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New York City blackout of 1977

The New York City blackout of 1977 was an electricity blackout that affected most of New York City on July 13–14, 1977.

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Niagara Falls

Niagara Falls is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between the Canadian province of Ontario and the American state of New York.

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Nitro, West Virginia

Nitro is a city in Kanawha and Putnam counties in the State of West Virginia, along the Kanawha River.

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Nobel Peace Prize

The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish, Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature.

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Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.

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Noise Control Act

The Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972 is a statute of the United States initiating a federal program of regulating noise pollution with the intent of protecting human health and minimizing annoyance of noise to the general public.

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Norman Borlaug

Norman Ernest Borlaug (March 25, 1914September 12, 2009) was an American agronomist and humanitarian who led initiatives worldwide that contributed to the extensive increases in agricultural production termed the Green Revolution.

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Northeast blackout of 1965

The northeast blackout of 1965 was a significant disruption in the supply of electricity on Tuesday, November 9, 1965, affecting parts of Ontario in Canada and Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, and Vermont in the United States.

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Northern river reversal

The Northern river reversal or Siberian river reversal was an ambitious project to divert the flow of the Northern rivers in the Soviet Union, which "uselessly" drain into the Arctic Ocean, southwards towards the populated agricultural areas of Central Asia, which lack water.

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Northumberland

Northumberland (abbreviated Northd) is a county in North East England.

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Nuclear power plant

A nuclear power plant or nuclear power station is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.

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Nuclear Waste Policy Act

The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 is a United States federal law which established a comprehensive national program for the safe, permanent disposal of highly radioactive wastes.

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Obninsk

Obninsk (О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River southwest of Moscow and northeast from Kaluga.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)

The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is a US labor law governing the federal law of occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal government in the United States.

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Offshore drilling

Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed.

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Oil spill

An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution.

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OPEC

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC,, or OPEP in several other languages) is an intergovernmental organization of nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna, Austria.

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Operation Backfire (FBI)

Operation Backfire is a multi-agency criminal investigation, led by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), into destructive acts in the name of animal rights and environmental causes in the United States described as eco-terrorism by the FBI.

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Oscar Baumann

Oscar Baumann (25 June 1864 in Vienna – 12 October 1899 in Vienna) was an Austrian explorer, cartographer and ethnographer.

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Oslo Dumping Convention

The Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping from Ships and Aircraft also called the Oslo Convention was an international agreement designed to control the dumping of harmful substances from ships and aircraft into the sea.

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OSPAR Convention

The or OSPAR Convention is the current legislative instrument regulating international cooperation on environmental protection in the North-East Atlantic.

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Othmar Zeidler

Othmar Zeidler (29 August 1850 – 17 June 1911)Though many sources mention 1859 as Zeidler's year of birth, this would make him a mere 14 years old at the time of his dissertation in 1873.

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Our Common Future

Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report in recognition of former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland's role as Chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), was published in 1987 by the United Nations through the Oxford University Press.

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Our New West

Our New West.

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Our Synthetic Environment

Our Synthetic Environment is a 1962 book by Murray Bookchin, published under the pseudonym "Lewis Herber".

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Ozone depletion

Ozone depletion describes two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere(the ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone around Earth's polar regions.

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Ozone layer

The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Parliament of England

The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England, existing from the early 13th century until 1707, when it became the Parliament of Great Britain after the political union of England and Scotland created the Kingdom of Great Britain.

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Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground.

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Patagonia

Patagonia is a sparsely populated region located at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile.

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Patrick Geddes

Sir Patrick Geddes FRSE (2 October 1854 – 17 April 1932) was a Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, philanthropist and pioneering town planner.

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Paul Hermann Müller

Paul Hermann Müller also known as Pauly Mueller (12 January 1899 – 13 October 1965) was a Swiss chemist who received the 1948 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for his 1939 discovery of insecticidal qualities and use of DDT in the control of vector diseases such as malaria and yellow fever.

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Paul R. Ehrlich

Paul Ralph Ehrlich (born May 29, 1932) is an American biologist, best known for his warnings about the consequences of population growth and limited resources.

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Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge

Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), and part of the Everglades Headwaters NWR complex, located just off the western coast of Orchid Island in the Indian River Lagoon east of Sebastian, Florida.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Pollution and the Death of Man

Pollution and the Death of Man is an ecological and philosophical work by the American presuppositionalist theologian Francis A. Schaeffer, published in 1970.

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Polychlorinated biphenyl

A polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) is an organic chlorine compound with the formula C12H10−xClx.

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Population Connection

Population Connection (formerly Zero Population Growth or ZPG) is a non-profit organization in the United States that raises awareness of population challenges and advocates for improved global access to family planning and reproductive health care.

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Power Shift

Power Shift is an annual youth summit which has been held in New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.

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Power Shift Network

Power Shift Network is a North American non-profit organization made up of a network of youth-led social and environmental justice organizations working together to build the youth clean energy and climate movement.

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Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, or the Madrid Protocol, is part of the Antarctic Treaty System.

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Public Citizen

Public Citizen is a non-profit, liberal / progressive consumer rights advocacy group and think tank based in Washington, D.C., United States, with a branch in Austin, Texas.

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Public Interest Research Group

Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) are a federation of U.S. and Canadian non-profit organizations that employ grassroots organizing and direct advocacy with the goal of effecting liberal political change.

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Qusta ibn Luqa

Qusta ibn Luqa (820–912) (Costa ben Luca, Constabulus) was a Syrian Melkite physician, scientist and translator.

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Rachel Carson

Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist whose book Silent Spring and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement.

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Rainforest Action Network

Rainforest Action Network (RAN) is an environmental organization based in San Francisco, California, United States.

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Ralph Nader

Ralph Nader (born February 27, 1934) is an American political activist, author, lecturer, and attorney, noted for his involvement in consumer protection, environmentalism and government reform causes.

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Redwood Summer

Organized in 1990, Redwood Summer was a movement of environmental activism aimed at protecting old-growth redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees from logging by northern California timber companies.

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Reith Lectures

The Reith Lectures is a series of annual radio lectures given by leading figures of the day, commissioned by the BBC and broadcast on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service.

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René Dubos

René Jules Dubos (February 20, 1901 – February 20, 1982) was a French-born American microbiologist, experimental pathologist, environmentalist, humanist, and winner of the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for his book So Human An Animal.

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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), enacted in 1976, is the principal federal law in the United States governing the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste.

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Rhine

--> The Rhine (Rhenus, Rein, Rhein, le Rhin,, Italiano: Reno, Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.

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Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro (River of January), or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas.

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Rita Lavelle

Rita Marie Lavelle (born 1946) is a United States and California State Republican political figure.

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River Thames

The River Thames is a river that flows through southern England, most notably through London.

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Robert Angus Smith

Born at Pollokshaws, Glasgow, Smith was educated at the University of Glasgow in preparation for ministry in the Church of Scotland but left before graduating.

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Robert Underwood Johnson

Robert Underwood Johnson (January 12, 1853 – October 14, 1937) was an American writer and diplomat.

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Rocky Mountain Institute

Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) is an organization in the United States dedicated to research, publication, consulting, and lecturing in the general field of sustainability, with a special focus on profitable innovations for energy and resource efficiency.

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Samuel Bowles (journalist)

Samuel Bowles III (February 9, 1826 – January 16, 1878) was an American journalist born in Springfield, Massachusetts.

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Samuel Epstein

Samuel Seymour Epstein (April 13, 1926 – March 18, 2018) was a physician and, at the time of his death, professor emeritus of environmental and occupational health at the School of Public Health of the University of Illinois at Chicago.

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Samuel Pierpont Langley

Samuel Pierpont Langley (August 22, 1834 – February 27, 1906) was an American astronomer, physicist, inventor of the bolometer and aviation pioneer.

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Save-the-Redwoods League

Save the Redwoods League is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to protect and restore Coast redwood (''Sequoia sempervirens'') forests.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Sea Shepherd Conservation Society

The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS) is a non-profit, marine conservation organization based in Friday Harbor on San Juan Island, Washington, in the United States.

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Sequoia National Park

Sequoia National Park is a national park in the southern Sierra Nevada east of Visalia, California, in the United States.

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Sequoia sempervirens

Sequoia sempervirens Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607 is the sole living species of the genus Sequoia in the cypress family Cupressaceae (formerly treated in Taxodiaceae).

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Seveso disaster

The Seveso disaster was an industrial accident that occurred around 12:37 pm on July 10, 1976, in a small chemical manufacturing plant approximately north of Milan in the Lombardy region of Italy.

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Sierra Club

The Sierra Club is an environmental organization in the United States.

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Silent Spring

Silent Spring is an environmental science book by Rachel Carson.

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Single-cell protein

Single-cell protein (SCP) refers to edible unicellular microorganisms.

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Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior

The sinking of the Rainbow Warrior, codenamed Opération Satanique, was a bombing operation by the "action" branch of the French foreign intelligence services, the Direction générale de la sécurité extérieure (DGSE), carried out on 10 July 1985.

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Small Is Beautiful

Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered is a collection of essays by German born British economist E. F. Schumacher.

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Smog

Smog is a type of air pollutant.

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So Human an Animal

So Human an Animal: How We Are Shaped by Surroundings and Events, is a book written by René Dubos and published by Scribner in 1968.

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Sodium cyclamate

Sodium cyclamate (sweetener code 952) is an artificial sweetener.

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Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936

The Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, enacted February 29, 1936) is a United States federal law that allowed the government to pay farmers to reduce production so as to conserve soil and prevent erosion.

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Soil contamination

Soil contamination or soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment.

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Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Spanish flu

The Spanish flu (January 1918 – December 1920), also known as the 1918 flu pandemic, was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus.

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SS Atlantic Empress

SS Atlantic Empress was a Greek oil tanker that in 1979 collided with the oil tanker Aegean Captain in the Caribbean, and eventually sank, having created the fifth largest oil spill on record and the largest ship-based spill.

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SS Torrey Canyon

SS Torrey Canyon was an LR2 Suezmax class oil tanker with a cargo capacity of 120,000 tons of crude oil.

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State of the World (book series)

The State of the World (SoW) is a series of books published annually since 1984 by the Worldwatch Institute.

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Stern Review

The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change is a 700-page report released for the Government of the United Kingdom on 30 October 2006 by economist Nicholas Stern, chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics (LSE) and also chair of the Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) at Leeds University and LSE.

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Stockholm

Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries; 952,058 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area.

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Storm King Mountain (New York)

Storm King Mountain is a mountain on the west bank of the Hudson River just south of Cornwall-on-Hudson, New York.

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Student Environmental Action Coalition

In the beginning this national organization focused primarily on conserving, protecting and restoring the natural environment, but later its member student environmental organizations took on a broader definition of the environment that includes racism, sexism, militarism, heterosexism, economic justice, and animal rights.

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Superfund

Superfund is a United States federal government program designed to fund the cleanup of sites contaminated with hazardous substances and pollutants.

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Supreme Soviet

The Supreme Soviet (Верховный Совет, Verkhóvnyj Sovét, literally "Supreme Council") was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Soviet Union.

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Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) is the primary federal law that regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in the United States.

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Sustainable development

Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while at the same time sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend.

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Svante Arrhenius

Svante August Arrhenius (19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Nobel-Prize winning Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry.

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Territorial waters

Territorial waters or a territorial sea, as defined by the 2013 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is a belt of coastal waters extending at most from the baseline (usually the mean low-water mark) of a coastal state.

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Tetraethyllead

Tetraethyllead (commonly styled tetraethyl lead), abbreviated TEL, is an organolead compound with the formula (CH3CH2)4Pb.

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Texcoco, State of Mexico

Texcoco is a city and municipality located in the State of Mexico, 25 km northeast of Mexico City.

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The Blue Marble

The Blue Marble is an image of planet Earth made on December 7, 1972, by the crew of the Apollo 17 spacecraft at a distance of about from the surface.

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The Coal Question

The Coal Question; An Inquiry Concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines (1865) was a book by economist William Stanley Jevons that explored the implications of Britain's reliance on coal.

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The Global 2000 Report to the President

The Global 2000 Report to the President was 1980 report on sustainable societal development, commissioned by President Jimmy Carter on May 23, 1977.

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The Limits to Growth

The Limits to Growth (LTG) is a 1972 report on the computer simulation of exponential economic and population growth with a finite supply of resources.

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The Nature Conservancy

The Nature Conservancy is a charitable environmental organization, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States.

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The Population Bomb

The Population Bomb is a best-selling book written by Stanford University Professor Paul R. Ehrlich and his wife, Anne Ehrlich (who was uncredited), in 1968.

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The Trust for Public Land

The Trust for Public Land is a U.S. nonprofit organization with a mission to "create parks and protect land for people, ensuring healthy, livable communities for generations to come." Since its founding in 1972, The Trust for Public Land has completed 5,000 park-creation and land conservation projects across the United States, protected over 3 million acres, and helped pass more than 500 ballot measures--creating $70 billion in voter-approved public funding for parks and open spaces.

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The Wilderness Society (United States)

The Wilderness Society is an American non-profit land conservation organization that is dedicated to protecting natural areas and federal public lands in the United States.

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Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was an American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909.

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Thomas Midgley Jr.

Thomas Midgley Jr. (May 18, 1889 – November 2, 1944) was an American mechanical and chemical engineer.

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Thomas Robert Malthus

Thomas Robert Malthus (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834) was an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography.

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Three Gorges Dam

The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric gravity dam that spans the Yangtze River by the town of Sandouping, in Yiling District, Yichang, Hubei province, China.

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Three Mile Island accident

The Three Mile Island accident occurred on March 28, 1979, in reactor number 2 of Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station (TMI-2) in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, near Harrisburg.

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Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station

Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station (TMI) is a nuclear power plant located on Three Mile Island in Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania, on the Susquehanna River just south of Harrisburg.

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Timeline of environmental history

The timeline lists events in the external environment that have influenced events in human history.

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Timeline of the New Zealand environment

This is a timeline of environmental history of New Zealand.

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Times Beach, Missouri

Times Beach is a ghost town in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States, southwest of St. Louis and east of Eureka.

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Tony Blair

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.

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Treaty

A treaty is an agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely sovereign states and international organizations.

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Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago, officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is a twin island sovereign state that is the southernmost nation of the West Indies in the Caribbean.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations Conference on the Human Environment

The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5–16 in 1972.

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United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982.

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United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (UNCCD) is a Convention to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements.

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United Nations Environment Programme

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is an agency of United Nations and coordinates its environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices.

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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international environmental treaty adopted on 9 May 1992 and opened for signature at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992.

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United States Department of the Interior

The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is the United States federal executive department of the U.S. government responsible for the management and conservation of most federal lands and natural resources, and the administration of programs relating to Native Americans, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, territorial affairs, and insular areas of the United States.

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United States Environmental Protection Agency

The Environmental Protection Agency is an independent agency of the United States federal government for environmental protection.

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United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey (USGS, formerly simply Geological Survey) is a scientific agency of the United States government.

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United States Postal Service

The United States Postal Service (USPS; also known as the Post Office, U.S. Mail, or Postal Service) is an independent agency of the United States federal government responsible for providing postal service in the United States, including its insular areas and associated states.

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United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.

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University of Chicago Press

The University of Chicago Press is the largest and one of the oldest university presses in the United States.

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Unsafe at Any Speed

Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile by Ralph Nader, published in 1965, is a book accusing car manufacturers of resistance to the introduction of safety features such as seat belts, and their general reluctance to spend money on improving safety.

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Unto This Last

Unto This Last is an essay and book on economy by John Ruskin, first published between August and December 1860 in the monthly journal Cornhill Magazine in four articles.

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Values Party

The Values Party was a New Zealand political party.

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Vanoise National Park

Vanoise National Park (Parc national de la Vanoise), is a French national park between the Tarentaise and Maurienne valleys in the French Alps, containing the Vanoise massif.

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Vietnam War

The Vietnam War (Chiến tranh Việt Nam), also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America (Kháng chiến chống Mỹ) or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.

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Walden

Walden (first published as Walden; or, Life in the Woods) is a book by noted transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau.

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Wallace Stegner

Wallace Earle Stegner (February 18, 1909 – April 13, 1993) was an American novelist, short story writer, environmentalist, and historian, often called "The Dean of Western Writers".

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Waste

Waste (or wastes) are unwanted or unusable materials.

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Waste container

A waste container is a container for temporarily storing waste, and is usually made out of metal or plastic.

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Waste management

Waste management or waste disposal are all the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.

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Water fluoridation

Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay.

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Water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities.

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Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954

The United States Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954 is a United States statute.

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Western Shield

For the Libyan armed group, see: Libya Shield Force Western Shield, managed by Western Australia's Department of Parks and Wildlife, is a nature conservation program safeguarding Western Australia's animals and protecting them from extinction.

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White House

The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.

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Wilderness Act

The Wilderness Act of 1964 was written by Howard Zahniser of The Wilderness Society.

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William Bartram

William Bartram (April 20, 1739 – July 22, 1823) was an American naturalist.

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William E. Rees

William Rees, FRSC (born December 18, 1943), is a professor at the University of British Columbia and former director of the School of Community and Regional Planning (SCARP) at UBC.

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William Elliott (writer)

William Elliott (27 April 1788 – February 1863) was a South Carolina writer of non-fiction.

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William Morris

William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, novelist, translator, and socialist activist.

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William Penn

William Penn (14 October 1644 – 30 July 1718) was the son of Sir William Penn, and was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker, and founder of the English North American colony the Province of Pennsylvania.

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William R. Catton Jr.

William Robert Catton Jr. (January 15, 1926 – January 5, 2015) was an American sociologist best known for his scholarly work in environmental sociology and human ecology.

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William Stanley Jevons

William Stanley Jevons FRS (1 September 1835 – 13 August 1882) was an English economist and logician.

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Windscale fire

The Windscale fire of 10 October 1957 was the worst nuclear accident in Great Britain's history, ranked in severity at level 5 out of a possible 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale.

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World Charter for Nature

World Charter for Nature was adopted by United Nations member nation-states on October 28, 1982.

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World Meteorological Organization

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 191 Member States and Territories.

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World Oceans Day

World Oceans Day takes place every 8 June.

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World population

In demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living, and was estimated to have reached 7.6 billion people as of May 2018.

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World Resources Institute

The World Resources Institute (WRI) is a global research non-profit organization that was established in 1982 with funding from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation under the leadership of James Gustave Speth.

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World Wide Fund for Nature

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.

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Worldwatch Institute

The Worldwatch Institute is a globally focused environmental research organization based in Washington, D.C. Worldwatch was named as one of the top ten sustainable development research organizations by Globescan Survey of Sustainability Experts.

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Yellowstone National Park

Yellowstone National Park is an American national park located in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.

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Yosemite National Park

Yosemite National Park is an American national park lying in the western Sierra Nevada of California.

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1906 San Francisco earthquake

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake struck the coast of Northern California at 5:12 a.m. on Wednesday, April 18 with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme).

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1966 Palomares B-52 crash

The 1966 Palomares B-52 crash, or the Palomares incident, occurred on 17 January 1966, when a B-52G bomber of the United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command collided with a KC-135 tanker during mid-air refueling at over the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Spain.

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1969 Santa Barbara oil spill

The Santa Barbara oil spill occurred in January and February 1969 in the Santa Barbara Channel, near the city of Santa Barbara in Southern California.

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1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia

A widespread famine affected Ethiopia from 1983 to 1985.

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2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.

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Redirects here:

Timeline of the history of environmentalism.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_history_of_environmentalism

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