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24 relations: Afsharid dynasty, Ahmad Shamlou, Aqqala, Ármin Vámbéry, Bandar Torkaman, Caspian Sea, Ethnicities in Iran, Ethnologue, Gomishan, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran, Iranian Turkmen, Kalaleh, Literacy, Magtymguly Pyragy, Maraveh Tappeh, Mausoleum, Nader Shah, Qajar dynasty, Reza Shah, Seljuq dynasty, Turkmen language, Turkmenistan, Turkmens.
Afsharid dynasty
The Afsharid dynasty (افشاریان) were members of an Iranian dynasty that originated from the Turkic Afshar tribe in Iran's north-eastern province of Khorasan, ruling Persia in the mid-eighteenth century.
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Ahmad Shamlou
Ahmad Shamlou (احمد شاملو, Ahmad Šāmlū, also known under his pen name A. Bamdad (ا.)) (December 12, 1925 – July 23, 2000) was an Iranian poet, writer, and journalist.
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Aqqala
Aqqala (آق قلا, also Romanized as Āq Qalā) is a city and capital of Aqqala County, in Golestan Province, in northern Iran.
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Ármin Vámbéry
Ármin Vámbéry, also known as Arminius Vámbéry (19 March 183215 September 1913), was a Hungarian Turkologist and traveller.
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Bandar Torkaman
Bandar Torkaman (بندرتركمن; also Romanized as Bandar-e Torkaman, Bandar-e Torkeman, and Bandar-e Torkman; formerly, Bandar Shah (بَندَرِ شاه), also Romanized as Bandar-e Shāh and Bandar Shāh) is a city and capital of Torkaman County, Golestan Province, Iran.
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Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.
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Ethnicities in Iran
A majority of the population of Iran (approximately 67–80%) consists of Iranic peoples.
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Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world.
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Gomishan
Gomishan (گميشان, also Romanized as Gomīshān and Gumshān; formerly, Gomish Tepe (گميش تپه), also Romanized as Gomesh Tappeh, Gomīsh Tappeh, and Gumish Tepe; also formerly known as Gomish Tepe Jik (گُميش تَپِّه جيك), also Romanized as Gomīsh Tappeh Jīk; Kümüş depe) is a city and capital of Gomishan District, in Torkaman County, Golestan Province, Iran.
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Gonbad-e Kavus
Gonbad-e Kāvus (also referred to as Gonbad-e Kāvus, Gonbad-i Kāvoos, Gonbadekavoos, Gonbad-e Kāvūs, Gonbad Qābūs, Gonbad Qavoos, Gunbad-i-Kāwās, Gunbad-i-Kāwūs, and Gunbad-i-Kāvūs) (گنبد کاووس, Kümmet Gowuz) is the Iranian city known historically as Gorgan/Hyrcania.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iranian Turkmen
Iranian Turkmen (Eýran Türkmenleri; ترکمنهای ایران) are a Branch of Turkmen people living mainly in Northern and Northeastern of Iran.
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Kalaleh
Kalaleh (كلاله, also Romanized as Kalāleh and Kalālah) is a city and capital of Kalaleh County in Golestan Province, in northern Iran.
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Literacy
Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write.
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Magtymguly Pyragy
Magtymguly Pyragy (Persian: مختومقلی فراغی Makhtumqoli Faraghi; Magtymguly Pyragy; 1724 – 1807) was a Turkmen spiritual leader and philosophical poet who made great efforts to secure independence and autonomy for his people in the 18th century.
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Maraveh Tappeh
Maraveh Tappeh (مراوه تپّه, also Romanized as Maravehtepe, Marveh Tappeh, and Morāveh Tappeh; also known as Maraveh (مَراوِه, also Romanized as Marāveh) is a city and capital of Maraveh Tappeh County in Golestan Province, in northern Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 5,602, in 1,147 families.
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Mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people.
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Nader Shah
Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; also known as Nader Qoli Beyg نادر قلی بیگ or Tahmāsp Qoli Khan تهماسپ قلی خان) (August 1688 – 19 June 1747) was one of the most powerful Iranian rulers in the history of the nation, ruling as Shah of Persia (Iran) from 1736 to 1747 when he was assassinated during a rebellion.
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Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty (سلسله قاجار; also Romanised as Ghajar, Kadjar, Qachar etc.; script Qacarlar) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani.
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Reza Shah
Reza Shah Pahlavi (رضا شاه پهلوی;; 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was the Shah of Iran from 15 December 1925 until he was forced to abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on 16 September 1941.
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Seljuq dynasty
The Seljuq dynasty, or Seljuqs (آل سلجوق Al-e Saljuq), was an Oghuz Turk Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became a Persianate society and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval West and Central Asia.
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Turkmen language
Turkmen (Türkmençe, türkmen dili; Түркменче, түркмен дили; تۆرکمن دﻴﻠی,تۆرکمنچه) is an official language of Turkmenistan.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
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Turkmens
The Turkmens (Türkmenler, Түркменлер, IPA) are a nation and Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, primarily the Turkmen nation state of Turkmenistan.
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Redirects here:
Torkaman Desert, Torkaman Sahra, Turkmen Desert, Turkmen in Iran, Turkmens in Iran.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_Sahra
