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Tver

Index Tver

Tver (p; IPA: tvʲerʲi) is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia. [1]

171 relations: A Journey Beyond the Three Seas, Administrative centre, Administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710, Administrative divisions of Tver Oblast, Afanasy Nikitin, Air and Space Defense Academy, Aleksandr Shibayev (footballer), Alexander I of Russia, Alexander Krinitsky, Alexander Kutuzov, Alexander Nevsky, Alexander Smirnov (figure skater), Alexei Smirnov (ice hockey), Anastasia Dobromyslova, Andrei Tupolev, Andrei Zhdanov, Andrey Dementyev (poet), Anton Solovyov (footballer, born 1995), Association football, Bergamo, Besançon, Bologoye, Tver Oblast, Boris of Tver, Boris Pugo, Buffalo, New York, Bulgaria, Byzantium, Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, Catherine the Great, Central Russia, City of federal subject significance, Cold War, Confluence, Constitution of Russia, Darya Klishina, Denis Kokarev, Diocese of Tver, Dissident, Dynasty, Eastern Front (World War II), Europe, Evgeny Ryasensky, Excavator, FC Volga Tver, Finland, France, Frederick William III of Prussia, Fyodor Khitruk, Germany, Golden Horde, ..., Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Moscow, Hämeenlinna, Helsinki, Humid continental climate, Hungary, Ice hockey, Igor Aksyonov, Ilya Kovalchuk, India, International Phonetic Alphabet, Italy, Ivan I of Moscow, Ivan III of Russia, Ivan the Terrible, Ivan Zabelin, Jadwiga Falkowska, Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast, Kaposvár, Kashin (town), Kasimov, Kholm, Kholmsky District, Novgorod Oblast, Konstantin Krasavin, Kryuchkovo, Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast, Leo Frankowski, Leo Tolstoy, List of Russian rulers, Lublin, M10 highway (Russia), Marshrutka, Matvey Kazakov, Migalovo (air base), Mikhail Alekseyev, Mikhail Gromov (military), Mikhail Kalinin, Mikhail Krug, Mikhail of Tver, Military alliance, Miron Akimovich Ljubovsky, Mormons, Moscow, Moscow Kremlin, Moscow Oblast, Mosque, Muscovite Civil War, Nadia Russo, Narrow-gauge railway of KSM-2 factory, Neoclassical architecture, Neoclassicism, New York (state), Nikita Sergeyev (footballer, born 1992), Nikolai Utkin, Nikolay Demyanov, Nikolay Karamzin, NKVD, Novgorod Governorate, Novgorod Republic, Oblast, October Railway, Oleg Losev, Oprichnina, Osnabrück, Ostashkov, Pan-European corridors, Parliament, Peter the Great, Poland, Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Prince of Tver, Principality of Tver, Prosecutor General of Russia, Railroad car, Rebellion, Romanov Tercentenary, Russia, Russian Census (2002), Russian Census (2010), Russian Civil War, Russian Empire, Russian nobility, Russian Orthodox Church, Rzhev, Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg Governorate, Salon (gathering), Sapsan, Sergei Khomutov, Sheremetyevo International Airport, Simeon Bekbulatovich, Sister city, Svetlana Alliluyeva, Synagogue, Tatars, Tatyana Sergeyeva, Tented roof, Torzhok, Tram, Trolleybus, Tver Governorate, Tver Oblast, Tver State Medical Academy, Tver State University, Tver Viceroyalty, Tvertsa River, Types of inhabited localities in Russia, United States, Valeriy Litskai, Veliko Tarnovo, Vesyegonsk, Victor Sokolov, Viktor Denisov, Viktor Kapitonov, Vladimir Gardin, Vladimir, Russia, Volga River, Volokolamsk, Wehrmacht, World War I, Yaroslav of Tver, Yuri Zhdanov. Expand index (121 more) »

A Journey Beyond the Three Seas

A Journey Beyond the Three Seas (Хожение за три моря, Khozheniye za tri morya) is a Russian literary monument in the form of travel notes, made by a merchant from Tver, Afanasiy Nikitin during his journey to India in 1466–1472.

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Administrative centre

An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.

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Administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710

The administrative division reform of 1708 was carried out by Russian Tsar Peter the Great in an attempt to improve the manageability of the vast territory of Russia.

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Administrative divisions of Tver Oblast

Administratively, Tver Oblast is divided into two urban-type settlements under the federal government management, five cities and towns of oblast significance, and thirty-six districts.

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Afanasy Nikitin

Afanasy Nikitin (Афана́сий Ники́тин; died 1472) was a Russian merchant of Tver and one of the first Europeans (after Niccolò de' Conti) to travel to and document his visit to India.

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Air and Space Defense Academy

The Zhukov Air and Space Defense Academy is a Russian military academy located on the banks of the Volga River in Kalinin (now Tver).

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Aleksandr Shibayev (footballer)

Aleksandr Arkadyevich Shibayev (Александр Аркадьевич Шибаев; born September 5, 1961) is a Russian professional football coach and former player.

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Alexander I of Russia

Alexander I (Александр Павлович, Aleksandr Pavlovich; –) reigned as Emperor of Russia between 1801 and 1825.

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Alexander Krinitsky

Aleksandr Ivanovich Krinitsky (1894 in Tver – 1937) was a first secretary of the Byelorussian SSR from May 1924 to December 1925.

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Alexander Kutuzov

Alexander Kutuzov (born November 23, 1985) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently an unrestricted free agent.

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Alexander Nevsky

St.

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Alexander Smirnov (figure skater)

Alexander Viktorovich Smirnov (Александр Викторович Смирнов, born 11 October 1984) is a Russian pair skater.

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Alexei Smirnov (ice hockey)

Alexei Sergeevich Smirnov (born January 28, 1982) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey player.

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Anastasia Dobromyslova

Anastasia Petrovna Dobromyslova-Martin (Анастаси́я Петро́вна Добромы́слова; born 26 September 1984) is a professional darts player.

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Andrei Tupolev

Andrei Nikolayevich Tupolev (Андрей Николаевич Туполев; November 10, 1888 – December 23, 1972) was a pioneering Soviet aircraft designer.

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Andrei Zhdanov

Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov (p; – 31 August 1948) was a Soviet Communist Party leader and cultural ideologist.

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Andrey Dementyev (poet)

Andrey Dmitriyevich Dementyev (a; July 16, 1928 in Tver – June 26, 2018 in Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet poet, a laureate of Lenin’s Young Communist League Award (1981), a USSR State Prize (1985), and Bunin Prize (2007).

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Anton Solovyov (footballer, born 1995)

Anton Alekseyevich Solovyov (Антон Алексеевич Соловьёв; born 27 March 1995) is a Russian football player.

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Association football

Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.

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Bergamo

Bergamo (Italian:; Bèrghem; from Latin Bergomum) is a city in Lombardy, northern Italy, approximately northeast of Milan, and about from the Alpine lakes Como and Iseo.

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Besançon

Besançon (French and Arpitan:; archaic Bisanz, Vesontio) is the capital of the department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

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Bologoye, Tver Oblast

Bologoye (Болого́е) is a town and the administrative center of Bologovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, as well as a major railway hub.

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Boris of Tver

Boris of Tver or Boris the Great (ca. 1399–February 10, 1461) was a prince of Tver.

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Boris Pugo

Boris Karlovich Pugo, OAN (Boriss Pugo, Борис Карлович Пуго) (February 19, 1937 – August 22, 1991) was a Soviet Communist political figure, Latvian by ethnicity.

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Buffalo, New York

Buffalo is the second largest city in the state of New York and the 81st most populous city in the United States.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Byzantium

Byzantium or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον, Byzántion) was an ancient Greek colony in early antiquity that later became Constantinople, and later Istanbul.

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Catherine Pavlovna of Russia

Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia (Екатерина Павловна; 21 May 1788 – 9 January 1819) later Queen Catharina of Württemberg, was the fourth daughter of Tsar Paul I of Russia and Princess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg.

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Catherine the Great

Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Yekaterina Alekseyevna; –), also known as Catherine the Great (Екатери́на Вели́кая, Yekaterina Velikaya), born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, was Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796, the country's longest-ruling female leader.

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Central Russia

Central Russia is, broadly, the various areas in European Russia.

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City of federal subject significance

City of federal subject significance is an umbrella term used to refer to a type of an administrative division of a federal subject of Russia which is equal in status to a district but is organized around a large city; occasionally with surrounding rural territories.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Confluence

In geography, a confluence (also: conflux) occurs where two or more flowing bodies of water join together to form a single channel.

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Constitution of Russia

The current Constitution of the Russian Federation (Конституция Российской Федерации, Konstitutsiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii) was adopted by national referendum on.

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Darya Klishina

Darya Igorevna Klishina (Дарья Игоревна Клишина, born 15 January 1991) is a Russian long jumper.

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Denis Kokarev

Denis Sergeyevich Kokarev (Денис Серге́евич Кокарев; born June 17, 1985) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who currently plays for Salavat Yulaev Ufa of the Kontinental Hockey League.

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Diocese of Tver

The Diocese of Tver and Kashin (Тверская и Кашинская епархия) is an eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church in Tver Oblast and is one of the oldest dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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Dissident

A dissident, broadly defined, is a person who actively challenges an established doctrine, policy, or institution.

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Dynasty

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family,Oxford English Dictionary, "dynasty, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Evgeny Ryasensky

Evgeny Alexandrovich Ryasensky (Евгений Александрович Рясенский; born July 18, 1987), or Yevgeni Ryasenski, is a Russian professional ice hockey defenseman.

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Excavator

Excavators (hydraulic) are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, dipper (or stick), bucket and cab on a rotating platform known as the "house".

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FC Volga Tver

FC Volga Tver (ФК «Волга» Тверь) was an association football club from Tver, Russia, founded in 1957.

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Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Frederick William III of Prussia

Frederick William III (Friedrich Wilhelm III) (3 August 1770 – 7 June 1840) was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840.

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Fyodor Khitruk

Fyodor Savelyevich Khitruk (Фёдор Саве́льевич Хитру́к; 1 May 1917 – 3 December 2012) was a Russian animator and animation director.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Golden Horde

The Golden Horde (Алтан Орд, Altan Ord; Золотая Орда, Zolotaya Orda; Алтын Урда, Altın Urda) was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire.

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Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that lasted from the 13th century up to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and Austria.

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Grand Duchy of Moscow

The Grand Duchy or Grand Principality of Moscow (Великое Княжество Московское, Velikoye Knyazhestvo Moskovskoye), also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Moscovia, was a late medieval Russian principality centered on Moscow and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia.

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Hämeenlinna

Hämeenlinna (Tavastehus) is a city and municipality of about inhabitants in the heart of the historical province of Häme in the south of Finland.

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Helsinki

Helsinki (or;; Helsingfors) is the capital city and most populous municipality of Finland.

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Humid continental climate

A humid continental climate (Köppen prefix D and a third letter of a or b) is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, which is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) winters.

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Hungary

Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.

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Ice hockey

Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.

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Igor Aksyonov

Igor Vladimirovich Aksyonov (Игорь Владимирович Аксёнов; born 11 August 1977) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

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Ilya Kovalchuk

Ilya Valeryevich Kovalchuk (Илья Валерьевич Ковальчук; born April 15, 1983) is a Russian professional ice hockey left winger who is currently playing for the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL).

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Ivan I of Moscow

Ivan I Daniilovich Kalita (Russian: Ива́н I Дании́лович Калита́; 1288 – 31 March 1340 or 1341Basil Dmytryshyn, Medieval Russia:A source book, 850-1700, (Academic International Press, 2000), 194.) was Grand Duke of Moscow from 1325 and Vladimir from 1332.

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Ivan III of Russia

Ivan III Vasilyevich (Иван III Васильевич; 22 January 1440, Moscow – 27 October 1505, Moscow), also known as Ivan the Great, was a Grand Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of all Rus'.

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Ivan the Terrible

Ivan IV Vasilyevich (pron; 25 August 1530 –), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome (Ivan Grozny; a better translation into modern English would be Ivan the Formidable), was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547, then Tsar of All Rus' until his death in 1584.

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Ivan Zabelin

Ivan Yegorovich Zabelin (Иван Егорович Забелин; 29 September 1820, Tver – 13 January 1908, Moscow) was a Russian historian and archaeologist with a Slavophile bent who helped establish the National History Museum on Red Square and presided over this institution until 1906.

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Jadwiga Falkowska

Jadwiga Falkowska codename: Jaga, Zdzisława, Ludwika, Zaleska (November 13, 1889 in Tver, Russia – August 7, 1944 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish teacher, social activist, Scoutmaster (harcmistrzyni) and one of the founders of Girl Scouting in Poland.

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Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast

Kalininsky District (Кали́нинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia.

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Kaposvár

No description.

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Kashin (town)

Kashin (Ка́шин) is a town and the administrative center of Kashinsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located around a rural agricultural area on the Kashinka River (Volga's tributary).

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Kasimov

Kasimov (Касимов; Касыйм; historically Xankirmän, Gorodets Meshchyorsky, Novy Nizovoy) is a town in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River.

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Kholm, Kholmsky District, Novgorod Oblast

Kholm (Холм) is a town and the administrative center of Kholmsky District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Lovat and Kunya Rivers, north of Toropets, southwest of Staraya Russa, and south of Veliky Novgorod, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Konstantin Krasavin

Lieutenant Colonel Konstantin Alekseyevich Krasavin (Константин Алексеевич Красавин) (May 20, 1917 – January 1988) was a Russian flying ace and fighter pilot of the Great Patriotic War, during which he flew for the Soviet air forces.

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Kryuchkovo

Kryuchkovo was an air base in Tver Oblast, Russia, located 34 km northwest of Tver.

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Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast

The Tver Oblast Duma (Законодательное собрание Тверской области) is the regional parliament of that federal subject of Russia.

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Leo Frankowski

Leo Frankowski (February 13, 1943 – December 25, 2008) was an American writer of science fiction novels.

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Leo Tolstoy

Count Lyov (also Lev) Nikolayevich Tolstoy (also Лев) Николаевич ТолстойIn Tolstoy's day, his name was written Левъ Николаевичъ Толстой.

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List of Russian rulers

This is a list of all reigning monarchs in the history of Russia.

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Lublin

Lublin (Lublinum) is the ninth largest city in Poland and the second largest city of Lesser Poland.

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M10 highway (Russia)

The M10 is a federal highway in Russia connecting the country's two largest cities, Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

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Marshrutka

Marshrutka (Russian: маршру́тка), from marshrutne taksi routed taxicab, is a form of public transportation such as a share taxi for the countries of CIS, the Baltic states, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Armenia, and Georgia.

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Matvey Kazakov

Matvey Fyodorovich Kazakov (Матве́й Фёдорович Казако́в, 1738 – 7 November 1812) was a Russian Neoclassical architect.

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Migalovo (air base)

Migalovo (also given as Tver Migalovo, Kalinin) is an air base in Tver Oblast, Russia located 10 km west of Tver.

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Mikhail Alekseyev

Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseyev (Михаил Васильевич Алексеев) (3 November 1857 – 8 October 1918) was an Imperial Russian Army general during World War I and the Russian Civil War.

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Mikhail Gromov (military)

Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gromov (Михаи́л Миха́йлович Гро́мов; 23 February 1899 – 22 January 1985) a Russian and Soviet military aviator, test pilot and researcher, Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Mikhail Kalinin

Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (Михаи́л Ива́нович Кали́нин; 3 June 1946), known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych", was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet Politician.

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Mikhail Krug

Mikhail Vladimirovich Krug (Михаил Владимирович Круг, Михайло Володимирович Круг the pseudonym literally means circle; April 7, 1962 – June 30, 2002), born as Vorobyov (Воробьёв) Воробйов, was a Russian singer, one of the leading singers of the style of songs known as blatnaya pesnya (songs about criminal life), or shanson, which has been part of Russian culture since the beginning of the twentieth century.

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Mikhail of Tver

Mikhail Yaroslavich (Михаил Ярославич) (1271 – 22 November 1318), also known as Michael of Tver, was a Prince of Tver (from 1285) who ruled as Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1304 until 1314 and again from 1315–1318.

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Military alliance

A military alliance is an international agreement concerning national security, when the contracting parties agree to mutual protection and support in case of a crisis that has not been identified in advance.

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Miron Akimovich Ljubovsky

Miron Akimovich Ljubovsky (1876–1952) was a Russian physician and one of the organizers of health care in Tver Oblast.

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Mormons

Mormons are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity, initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin (p), usually referred to as the Kremlin, is a fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River to the south, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square to the east, and the Alexander Garden to the west.

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Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Mosque

A mosque (from masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims.

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Muscovite Civil War

The Muscovite Civil War, or Great Feudal War, was a prolonged conflict that cast its shadow over the entire reign of Vasily II of Moscow (from 1425 to 1453).

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Nadia Russo

Nadia (Nadejda) Russo-Bossie (17 June 1901 – 22 January 1988) was a pioneering Romanian aviator.

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Narrow-gauge railway of KSM-2 factory

The narrow-gauge railway of KSM-2 factory is located in Tver, Russia.

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Neoclassical architecture

Neoclassical architecture is an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century.

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Neoclassicism

Neoclassicism (from Greek νέος nèos, "new" and Latin classicus, "of the highest rank") is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of classical antiquity.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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Nikita Sergeyev (footballer, born 1992)

Nikita Nikolayevich Sergeev (Никита Николаевич Сергеев; born 14 February 1992) is a Russian footballer who plays as a defender for FC Torpedo Moscow.

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Nikolai Utkin

Nikolai Ivanovich Utkin (Russian: Николай Иванович Уткин; (19 May 1780, Tver — 17 March 1863, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian graphic artist, engraver and illustrator. He also served as curator of prints at the Hermitage and superintendent of the museum at the Imperial Academy of Arts. from the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary @ Russian WikiSource.

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Nikolay Demyanov

Nikolay Yakovlevich Demyanov (Никола́й Я́ковлевич Демья́нов;, Tver – March 19, 1938, Moscow), also known as Demjanov and Demjanow, was a Russian organic chemist and a member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1929).

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Nikolay Karamzin

Nikolay Mikhailovich Karamzin (p) was a Russian writer, poet, historian and critic.

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NKVD

The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Народный комиссариат внутренних дел, Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del), abbreviated NKVD (НКВД), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.

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Novgorod Governorate

Novgorod Governorate (Новгоро́дская губе́рния, Novgorodskaya guberniya, Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1727 to 1776 and from 1796 to 1927.

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Novgorod Republic

The Novgorod Republic (p; Новгородскаѧ землѧ / Novgorodskaję zemlę) was a medieval East Slavic state from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Baltic Sea to the northern Ural Mountains, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of modern Russia.

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Oblast

An oblast is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the former Soviet Union and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

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October Railway

The broad gauge Oktyabrskaya Railway or October Railway (Октябрьская железная дорога), which forms part of RZD, is the oldest railway in Russia, located in the north-west of the country.

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Oleg Losev

Oleg Vladimirovich Losev (Оле́г Влади́мирович Ло́сев, sometimes spelled Lossev or Lossew in English) (10 May 1903 – 22 January 1942) was a Russian scientist and inventor, An English translation is on the Springer archive who made significant discoveries in the field of semiconductor junctions.

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Oprichnina

The oprichnina (опри́чнина) was a state policy implemented by Tsar Ivan the Terrible in Russia between 1565 and 1572.

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Osnabrück

Osnabrück (Ossenbrügge; archaic Osnaburg) is a city in the federal state of Lower Saxony in north-west Germany.

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Ostashkov

Ostashkov (Оста́шков) is a town and the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, on a peninsula at the southern shore of Lake Seliger, west of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Pan-European corridors

The ten Pan-European transport corridors were defined at the second Pan-European transport Conference in Crete, March 1994, as routes in Central and Eastern Europe that required major investment over the next ten to fifteen years.

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Parliament

In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government.

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Peter the Great

Peter the Great (ˈpʲɵtr vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj), Peter I (ˈpʲɵtr ˈpʲɛrvɨj) or Peter Alexeyevich (p; –)Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, led by a chairman, was the de jure leader office of the Russian SFSR between 1938 and 1990.

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Prince of Tver

The title of Prince of Tver was borne by the head of the branch of the Rurikid dynasty that ruled the Principality of Tver.

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Principality of Tver

Principality of Tver (Тверское княжество) was a Russian principality or duchy, which existed between the 13th and the 15th centuries.

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Prosecutor General of Russia

The Prosecutor General of Russia (also Attorney General of Russia, Генеральный Прокурор Российской Федерации) heads the system of official prosecution in courts known and heads the Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation (Генеральная прокуратура Российской Федерации).

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Railroad car

A railroad car or railcar (American and Canadian English), railway wagon or railway carriage (British English and UIC), also called a train car or train wagon, is a vehicle used for the carrying of cargo or passengers on a rail transport system (a railroad/railway).

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Rebellion

Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order.

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Romanov Tercentenary

The Romanov Tercentenary was a country-wide celebration, marked in the Russian Empire from February 1913, in celebration of the ruling Romanov Dynasty.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russian Census (2002)

The Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да) was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002.

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Russian Census (2010)

The Russian Census of 2010 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2010 го́да) is the first census of the Russian Federation population since 2002 and the second after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War (Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossiyi; November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.

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Russian nobility

The Russian nobility (дворянство. dvoryanstvo) arose in the 14th century.

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Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskóvskiy patriarkhát), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.

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Rzhev

Rzhev (p) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Saint Petersburg Governorate

Saint Petersburg Governorate (Санкт-Петербу́ргская губе́рния, Sankt-Peterburgskaya guberniya), or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1708–1927.

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Salon (gathering)

A salon is a gathering of people under the roof of an inspiring host.

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Sapsan

The Sapsan (Peregrine Falcon, known as Velaro RUS EVS) is a Russian gauge high speed electric express train.

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Sergei Khomutov

Sergei Anatolyevich Khomutov (Серге́й Анатольевич Хомутов; born September 19, 1977) is a retired Russian professional football player.

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Sheremetyevo International Airport

Sheremetyevo International Airport (p) is an international airport located in Molzhaninovsky District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia, northwest of central Moscow.

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Simeon Bekbulatovich

Simeon Bekbulatovich (Симеон Бекбулатович; born Sain-Bulat, Саин-Булат; died 5 January 1616) was a Muslim-born Khan of the Khanate of Qasim.

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Sister city

Twin towns or sister cities are a form of legal or social agreement between towns, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states, and even countries in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.

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Svetlana Alliluyeva

Svetlana Iosifovna Alliluyeva (Светла́на Ио́сифовна Аллилу́ева;;; 28 February 1926 – 22 November 2011), later known as Lana Peters, was the youngest child and only daughter of Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and Nadezhda Alliluyeva, Stalin's second wife.

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Synagogue

A synagogue, also spelled synagog (pronounced; from Greek συναγωγή,, 'assembly', בית כנסת, 'house of assembly' or, "house of prayer", Yiddish: שול shul, Ladino: אסנוגה or קהל), is a Jewish house of prayer.

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Tatars

The Tatars (татарлар, татары) are a Turkic-speaking peoples living mainly in Russia and other Post-Soviet countries.

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Tatyana Sergeyeva

Tat'yana Sergeyeva (born 1951) is a Russian composer.

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Tented roof

A tented roof is a type of polygonal hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak.

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Torzhok

Torzhok (Торжо́к) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Tvertsa River along the federal highway M10 and a branch of the Oktyabrskaya Railway division of the Russian Railways.

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Tram

A tram (also tramcar; and in North America streetcar, trolley or trolley car) is a rail vehicle which runs on tramway tracks along public urban streets, and also sometimes on a segregated right of way.

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Trolleybus

A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram Joyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). British Trolleybus Systems, pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing.. or trolleyDunbar, Charles S. (1967). Buses, Trolleys & Trams. Paul Hamlyn Ltd. (UK). Republished 2004 with or 9780753709702.) is an electric bus that draws power from overhead wires (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded trolley poles.

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Tver Governorate

Tver Governorate (Тверская губерния, Tverskaya guberniya) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929.

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Tver Oblast

Tver Oblast (Тверска́я о́бласть, Tverskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Tver State Medical Academy

Tver State Medical University (Official Website: http://tvergma.ru/eng/, Russian: Тверская государственная медицинская Университет, Tverskaya gosudarstvennaya medicinskaya Universitet, abbreviated TverSMU) is one of the oldest and leading educational institutions in Russia.

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Tver State University

Tver State University (Тверской государственный университет) is a university in the city of Tver and one of the largest universities in the Tver Oblast, of which Tver is the administrative center.

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Tver Viceroyalty

Tver Viceroyalty (Тверское наместничество, Tverskoye namestnichestvo) was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796.

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Tvertsa River

The Tvertsa is a river in Vyshnevolotsky, Spirovsky, Torzhoksky, and Kalininsky Districts, as well as in the cities of Torzhok and Tver in Tver Oblast, Russia, a left tributary of the Volga River.

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Types of inhabited localities in Russia

The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared with the classification systems in other countries.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Valeriy Litskai

Valeriy Anatolievich Litskai (Валерий Анатольевич Лицкай) (born 13 February 1949) was the foreign minister of Transnistria from 2000 until July 2008.

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Veliko Tarnovo

Veliko Tarnovo (Велико Търново, "Great Tarnovo") is a city in north central Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province.

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Vesyegonsk

Vesyegonsk (Весьего́нск) is a town and the administrative center of Vesyegonsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia.

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Victor Sokolov

The Very Reverend Archpriest Victor Sokolov (Виктор Владимирович Соколов) (February 21, 1947 – March 12, 2006) was a Russian-American former dissident Soviet journalist and an Eastern Orthodox priest.

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Viktor Denisov

Viktor Denisov (Виктор Денисов) (born April 2, 1966 in Kalinin), is a Soviet-born Russian sprint canoer who competed from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s.

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Viktor Kapitonov

Viktor Arsenevich Kapitonov (Виктор Арсеньевич Капитонов, 25 October 1933 – 5 March 2005) was a Soviet road cyclist who competed at the 1956 and 1960 Summer Olympics.

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Vladimir Gardin

Vladimir Rostislavovich Gardin (Влади́мир Ростисла́вович Га́рдин) (born Vladimir Rostislavovich Blagonravov (Благонра́вов); – 28 May 1965) was a pioneering Russian film director and actor who strove to raise the artistic level of Russian cinema.

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Vladimir, Russia

Vladimir (a) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow.

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Volga River

The Volga (p) is the longest river in Europe.

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Volokolamsk

Volokolamsk (Волокола́мск) is a town and the administrative center of Volokolamsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Gorodenka River, not far from its confluence with the Lama River, northwest of Moscow.

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Wehrmacht

The Wehrmacht (lit. "defence force")From wehren, "to defend" and Macht., "power, force".

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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Yaroslav of Tver

Yaroslav III Yaroslavich (1230–1271) (Russian: Ярослав Ярославич) was the first Prince of Tver and the tenth Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1264 to 1271.

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Yuri Zhdanov

Yuri Andreyevich Zhdanov (Ю́рий Андре́евич Жда́нов; 20 August 1919 – 19 December 2006) was a Russian chemistry professor and rector of the University of Rostov. He was the son of Soviet politician Andrei Zhdanov and a former husband of Joseph Stalin's daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva.

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Redirects here:

Kalinin (city), Kalinin City, Tver Urban Okrug, Tver', Tver's Karelia, Tver, Russia, Twer.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tver

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