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65 relations: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Alveolar duct, Alveolar macrophage, Asthma, Atelectasis, Bacteria, Blood, Blood–air barrier, Bronchiole, Bruise, Capillary, Carbon dioxide, Cavitary pneumonia, Cell (biology), Cell nucleus, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Collagen, Cystic fibrosis, Cytoplasm, Desmosome, Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, Elastic fiber, Elastin, Electron microscope, Endoplasmic reticulum, Epithelium, Exocytosis, Extracellular matrix, Gas exchange, Gene, Golgi apparatus, Haemophilus influenzae, Infant respiratory distress syndrome, Inhalation, Intensive care medicine, Interstitial lung disease, Lamellar bodies, Lung, Lung cancer, Mammal, Mechanical ventilation, Microvessel, Mitochondrion, Mitosis, MUC1, Organelle, Oxygen, Parenchyma, Phagocyte, Phospholipid, ..., Pinocytosis, Pneumonia, Pores of Kohn, Pseudomonas, Pulmonary contusion, Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary surfactant, Respiratory system, Respiratory tract, Smog, Staphylococcus, Surface tension, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Toxin, Virus. Expand index (15 more) »
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition occurring in critically ill or critically wounded patients characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs.
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Alveolar duct
Alveolar ducts are tiny ducts that connect the respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs, each of which contains a collection of alveoli (small mucus-lined pouches made of flattened epithelial cells).
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Alveolar macrophage
An alveolar macrophage (or dust cell) is a type of macrophage found in the pulmonary alveolus, near the pneumocytes, but separated from the wall.
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Asthma
Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
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Atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.
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Blood–air barrier
The blood–air barrier (alveolar–capillary barrier or membrane) exists in the gas exchanging region of the lungs.
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Bronchiole
The bronchioles or bronchioli are the passageways by which air passes through the nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs, in which branches no longer contain cartilage or glands in their submucosa.
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Bruise
A contusion, commonly known as a bruise, is a type of hematoma of tissue in which capillaries and sometimes venules are damaged by trauma, allowing blood to seep, hemorrhage, or extravasate into the surrounding interstitial tissues.
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Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel from 5 to 10 micrometres (µm) in diameter, and having a wall one endothelial cell thick.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Cavitary pneumonia
Cavitary pneumonia is a disease in which the normal lung architecture is replaced by a cavity.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow.
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Collagen
Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is the material within a living cell, excluding the cell nucleus.
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Desmosome
A desmosome ("binding body"), also known as a macula adhaerens (plural: maculae adhaerentes) (Latin for adhering spot), is a cell structure specialized for cell-to-cell adhesion.
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Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPtdCho) is a phospholipid (and a lecithin) consisting of two palmitic acids attached of a phosphatidylcholine head-group and is the major constituent of many pulmonary surfactants.
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Elastic fiber
Elastic fibers (or yellow fibers) are bundles of proteins (elastin) found in extracellular matrix of connective tissue and produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in arteries.
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Elastin
Elastin is a highly elastic protein in connective tissue and allows many tissues in the body to resume their shape after stretching or contracting.
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Electron microscope
An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination.
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Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Exocytosis
Exocytosis is a form of active transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis) by expelling them through an energy-dependent process.
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Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
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Gas exchange
Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
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Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae (formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or Bacillus influenzae) is a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic pathogenic bacterium belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family.
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Infant respiratory distress syndrome
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also called neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), respiratory distress syndrome of newborn, or increasingly surfactant deficiency disorder (SDD), and previously called hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs.
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Inhalation
Inhalation (also known as inspiration) happens when oxygen from the air enters the lungs.
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Intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine, or critical care medicine, is a branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and management of life-threatening conditions that may require sophisticated life support and monitoring.
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Interstitial lung disease
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), is a group of lung diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue and space around the air sacs of the lungs).
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Lamellar bodies
In cell biology, lamellar bodies (otherwise known as lamellar granules, membrane-coating granules (MCGs), keratinosomes or Odland bodies) are secretory organelles found in type II alveolar cells in the lungs, and in keratinocytes in the skin.
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Lung
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.
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Lung cancer
Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung.
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Mammal
Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.
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Mechanical ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator or the breathing may be assisted by an anesthesiologist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, physician, physician assistant, respiratory therapist, paramedic, EMT, or other suitable person compressing a bag or set of bellows. Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument penetrating the trachea through the mouth, such as an endotracheal tube or the skin, such as a tracheostomy tube. There are two main types: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure ventilation, where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs. There are many modes of mechanical ventilation, and their nomenclature has been revised over the decades as the technology has continually developed.
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Microvessel
Microvessel or microvasculature refers to the smallest systems of blood vessels in a body, including those responsible for microcirculation, the system of smaller blood vessels that distribute blood within tissues.
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Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
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Mitosis
In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.
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MUC1
Mucin 1, cell surface associated (MUC1) or polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) is a mucin encoded by the MUC1 gene in humans.
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Organelle
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, in which their function is vital for the cell to live.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Parenchyma
Parenchyma is the bulk of a substance.
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Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.
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Phospholipid
Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes.
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Pinocytosis
In cellular biology, pinocytosis, otherwise known as fluid endocytosis and bulk-phase pinocytosis, is a mode of endocytosis in which small particles suspended in extracellular fluid are brought into the cell through an invagination of the cell membrane, resulting in a suspension of the particles within a small vesicle inside the cell.
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Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.
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Pores of Kohn
The pores of Kohn (also known as interalveolar connections) are discrete holes in walls of adjacent alveoli.
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Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 validly described species.
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Pulmonary contusion
A pulmonary contusion, also known as lung contusion, is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma.
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Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs.
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Pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein) formed by type II alveolar cells.
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Respiratory system
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
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Respiratory tract
In humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration.
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Smog
Smog is a type of air pollutant.
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Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus (from the σταφυλή, staphylē, "grape" and κόκκος, kókkos, "granule") is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Surface tension
Surface tension is the elastic tendency of a fluid surface which makes it acquire the least surface area possible.
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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an inflammatory state affecting the whole body.
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Toxin
A toxin (from toxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded.
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Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolus
