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Underfloor heating

Index Underfloor heating

Underfloor heating and cooling is a form of central heating and cooling that achieves indoor climate control for thermal comfort using hydronic or electrical heating elements embedded in a floor. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 181 relations: Absorbance, Akron Art Museum, Alberta, Aleutian Islands, American Civil War, Ancient Rome, Anecdotal evidence, ASHRAE, ASHRAE 55, Asia, Bacteria, Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Thompson, Biofuel, Biomass, BMW Welt, Boundary layer, Building automation, Building insulation material, Burn, California Academy of Sciences, Chiller, Coal, Cogeneration, Combustion, Compressor, Concrete, Convection, Copenhagen Opera House, Cross-link, Cross-linked polyethylene, CTD (instrument), Dementia, Density, Dew point, District heating, Dry-bulb temperature, Edmonton, Efficacy, Efficiency, Efficient energy use, Electric heating, Electrical resistance and conductance, Electricity, Electricity generation, Electricity meter, Emissivity, Energy conservation, Energy consumption, Energy development, ... Expand index (131 more) »

  2. Ancient inventions
  3. Residential heating

Absorbance

Absorbance is defined as "the logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a sample (excluding the effects on cell walls)".

See Underfloor heating and Absorbance

Akron Art Museum

The Akron Art Museum is an art museum in Akron, Ohio, United States.

See Underfloor heating and Akron Art Museum

Alberta

Alberta is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.

See Underfloor heating and Alberta

Aleutian Islands

The Aleutian Islands (Unangam Tanangin, "land of the Aleuts"; possibly from the Chukchi aliat, or "island")—also called the Aleut Islands, Aleutic Islands, or, before 1867, the Catherine Archipelago—are a chain of 14 main, larger volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.

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Ancient Rome

In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

See Underfloor heating and Ancient Rome

Anecdotal evidence

Anecdotal evidence is evidence based only on personal observation, collected in a casual or non-systematic manner.

See Underfloor heating and Anecdotal evidence

ASHRAE

The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is an American professional association seeking to advance heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems design and construction.

See Underfloor heating and ASHRAE

ASHRAE 55

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy is an American National Standard published by ASHRAE that establishes the ranges of indoor environmental conditions to achieve acceptable thermal comfort for occupants of buildings.

See Underfloor heating and ASHRAE 55

Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.

See Underfloor heating and Asia

Bacteria

Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.

See Underfloor heating and Bacteria

Benjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin (April 17, 1790) was an American polymath: a leading writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and political philosopher.

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Benjamin Thompson

Colonel Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, FRS (March 26, 1753August 21, 1814) was an American-born British military officer, scientist, inventor and nobleman.

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Biofuel

Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels such as oil.

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Biomass

Biomass is a term used in several contexts: in the context of ecology it means living organisms, and in the context of bioenergy it means matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms.

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BMW Welt

The BMW Welt is a combined exhibition, delivery, adventure museum, and event venue located in Munich's district Am Riesenfeld, next to the Olympic Park, in the immediate vicinity of the BMW Headquarters and factory.

See Underfloor heating and BMW Welt

Boundary layer

In physics and fluid mechanics, a boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface formed by the fluid flowing along the surface.

See Underfloor heating and Boundary layer

Building automation

Building automation (BAS), also known as building management system (BMS) or building energy management system (BEMS), is the automatic centralized control of a building's HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), electrical, lighting, shading, access control, security systems, and other interrelated systems.

See Underfloor heating and Building automation

Building insulation material

Building insulation materials are the building materials that form the thermal envelope of a building or otherwise reduce heat transfer.

See Underfloor heating and Building insulation material

Burn

A burn is an injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, cold, electricity, chemicals, friction, or ultraviolet radiation (such as sunburn).

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California Academy of Sciences

The California Academy of Sciences is a research institute and natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 46 million specimens.

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Chiller

A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid coolant via a vapor-compression, adsorption refrigeration, or absorption refrigeration cycles.

See Underfloor heating and Chiller

Coal

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams.

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Cogeneration

Cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) is the use of a heat engine or power station to generate electricity and useful heat at the same time. Underfloor heating and Cogeneration are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and Cogeneration

Combustion

Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.

See Underfloor heating and Combustion

Compressor

A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.

See Underfloor heating and Compressor

Concrete

Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time.

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Convection

Convection is single or multiphase fluid flow that occurs spontaneously due to the combined effects of material property heterogeneity and body forces on a fluid, most commonly density and gravity (see buoyancy).

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Copenhagen Opera House

The Copenhagen Opera House (in Danish usually called Operaen, literally The opera) is the national opera house of Denmark, and among the most modern opera houses in the world.

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emanate, and formed by reactions involving sites or groups on existingmacromolecules or by interactions between existing macromolecules.

See Underfloor heating and Cross-link

Cross-linked polyethylene

Cross-linked polyethylene, commonly abbreviated PEX, XPE or XLPE, is a form of polyethylene with cross-links.

See Underfloor heating and Cross-linked polyethylene

CTD (instrument)

CTD stands for conductivity, temperature, and depth.

See Underfloor heating and CTD (instrument)

Dementia

Dementia is a syndrome associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a general decline in cognitive abilities that affects a person's ability to perform everyday activities.

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Density

Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is a substance's mass per unit of volume.

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Dew point

The dew point of a given body of air is the temperature to which it must be cooled to become saturated with water vapor.

See Underfloor heating and Dew point

District heating

District heating (also known as heat networks) is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. Underfloor heating and District heating are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and District heating

Dry-bulb temperature

The dry-bulb temperature (DBT) is the temperature of air measured by a thermometer freely exposed to the air, but shielded from radiation.

See Underfloor heating and Dry-bulb temperature

Edmonton

Edmonton is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta.

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Efficacy

Efficacy is the ability to perform a task to a satisfactory or expected degree.

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Efficiency

Efficiency is the often measurable ability to avoid making mistakes or wasting materials, energy, efforts, money, and time while performing a task.

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Efficient energy use

Efficient energy use, or energy efficiency, is the process of reducing the amount of energy required to provide products and services.

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Electric heating

Electric heating is a process in which electrical energy is converted directly to heat energy.

See Underfloor heating and Electric heating

Electrical resistance and conductance

The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current.

See Underfloor heating and Electrical resistance and conductance

Electricity

Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge.

See Underfloor heating and Electricity

Electricity generation

Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy.

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Electricity meter

analog electricity meter. Electricity meter with transparent plastic case (Israel)An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, energy meter, or kilowatt-hour meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically powered device over a time interval.

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Emissivity

The emissivity of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation.

See Underfloor heating and Emissivity

Energy conservation

Energy conservation is the effort to reduce wasteful energy consumption by using fewer energy services.

See Underfloor heating and Energy conservation

Energy consumption

Energy consumption is the amount of energy used.

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Energy development

Energy development is the field of activities focused on obtaining sources of energy from natural resources.

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Entropy

Entropy is a scientific concept that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty.

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EPDM rubber

EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) is a type of synthetic rubber that is used in many applications.

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Ethylene

Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula or.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Ewha Womans University

Ewha Womans University is a private women's research university in Seoul, South Korea.

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Exergy

Exergy, often referred to as "available energy" or "useful work potential", is a fundamental concept in the field of thermodynamics and engineering.

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Finite element method

The finite element method (FEM) is a popular method for numerically solving differential equations arising in engineering and mathematical modeling.

See Underfloor heating and Finite element method

Firewood

Firewood is any wooden material that is gathered and used for fuel.

See Underfloor heating and Firewood

Flooring

Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering.

See Underfloor heating and Flooring

Flue gas

Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases, as from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator.

See Underfloor heating and Flue gas

France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright Sr. (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator.

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Franklin stove

The Franklin stove is a metal-lined fireplace named after Benjamin Franklin, who invented it in 1742.

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Geotechnical engineering

Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials.

See Underfloor heating and Geotechnical engineering

Geothermal heating

Geothermal heating is the direct use of geothermal energy for some heating applications.

See Underfloor heating and Geothermal heating

Geothermal power

Geothermal power is electrical power generated from geothermal energy.

See Underfloor heating and Geothermal power

Gloria (heating system)

Gloria (meaning glory in Spanish) is a central heating system used in Castile, beginning in the Middle Ages.

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Greenhouse gas

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the gases in the atmosphere that raise the surface temperature of planets such as the Earth.

See Underfloor heating and Greenhouse gas

Ground source heat pump

A ground source heat pump (also geothermal heat pump) is a heating/cooling system for buildings that use a type of heat pump to transfer heat to or from the ground, taking advantage of the relative constancy of temperatures of the earth through the seasons.

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Guangzhou

Guangzhou, previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China.

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Hammam

A hammam (translit, hamam), called a Moorish bath (in reference to the Muslim Spain of Al-Andalus) and a Turkish bath by Westerners, is a type of steam bath or a place of public bathing associated with the Islamic world.

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Hans von Pechmann

Hans Freiherr von Pechmann (1 April 1850 – 19 April 1902) was a German chemist, renowned for his discovery of diazomethane in 1894.

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Health care

Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people.

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Hearst Tower (Manhattan)

The Hearst Tower is a building at the southwest corner of 57th Street and Eighth Avenue, near Columbus Circle, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City, United States.

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Hearth

A hearth is the place in a home where a fire is or was traditionally kept for home heating and for cooking, usually constituted by at least a horizontal hearthstone and often enclosed to varying degrees by any combination of reredos (a low, partial wall behind a hearth), fireplace, oven, smoke hood, or chimney.

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Heat capacity

Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature.

See Underfloor heating and Heat capacity

Heat pump

A heat pump is a device that consumes work (or electricity) to transfer heat from a cold heat sink to a hot heat sink. Underfloor heating and heat pump are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and Heat pump

Heat recovery ventilation

Heat recovery ventilation (HRV), also known as mechanical ventilation heat recovery (MVHR) or energy recovery ventilation (ERV), is a ventilation system that recovers energy by operating between two air sources at different temperatures. Underfloor heating and heat recovery ventilation are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and Heat recovery ventilation

Heat transfer coefficient

In thermodynamics, the heat transfer coefficient or film coefficient, or film effectiveness, is the proportionality constant between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat (i.e., the temperature difference). It is used in calculating the heat transfer, typically by convection or phase transition between a fluid and a solid.

See Underfloor heating and Heat transfer coefficient

Heating oil

Heating oil is any petroleum product or other oil used for heating; it is a fuel oil. Underfloor heating and heating oil are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and Heating oil

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the use of various technologies to control the temperature, humidity, and purity of the air in an enclosed space.

See Underfloor heating and Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House

Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House, commonly referred to as Jacobs I, is a single family home located at 441 Toepfer Avenue in Madison, Wisconsin, United States.

See Underfloor heating and Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House

Home fuel cell

A home fuel cell or a residential fuel cell is an electrochemical cell used for primary or backup power generation. Underfloor heating and home fuel cell are residential heating.

See Underfloor heating and Home fuel cell

Hot water reset

Hot water reset, also called outdoor reset (ODR), is an energy-saving automatic control algorithm for heating boilers that are typically fired with fuel oil or natural gas.

See Underfloor heating and Hot water reset

House dust mite

House dust mites (HDM, or simply dust mites) are various species of acariform mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae that are found in association with dust in dwellings.

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Human body temperature

Normal human body temperature (normothermia, euthermia) is the typical temperature range found in humans.

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Hydronics

Hydronics is the use of liquid water or gaseous water (steam) or a water solution (usually glycol with water) as a heat-transfer medium in heating and cooling systems.

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Hypocaust

A hypocaust (hypocaustum) is a system of central heating in a building that produces and circulates hot air below the floor of a room, and may also warm the walls with a series of pipes through which the hot air passes. Underfloor heating and hypocaust are ancient inventions.

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Imperial Chemical Industries

Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) was a British chemical company.

See Underfloor heating and Imperial Chemical Industries

Indoor air quality

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is the air quality within buildings and structures.

See Underfloor heating and Indoor air quality

James Watt

James Watt (30 January 1736 (19 January 1736 OS) – 25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1776, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.

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John Leslie (physicist)

Sir John Leslie, FRSE KH (10 April 1766 – 3 November 1832) was a Scottish mathematician and physicist best remembered for his research into heat.

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Joseph Eichler

Joseph Leopold Eichler (June 25, 1900 – July 1, 1974) was a 20th-century post-war American real estate developer known for developing distinctive residential subdivisions of mid-century modern style tract housing in California.

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Kang bed-stove

The kang (Manchu: nahan, кән) is a traditional heated platform, 2 metres or more long, used for general living, working, entertaining and sleeping in the northern part of China, where the winter climate is cold.

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Korea

Korea (translit in South Korea, or label in North Korea) is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula (label in South Korea, or label in North Korea), Jeju Island, and smaller islands.

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List of woods

This is a list of woods, most commonly used in the timber and lumber trade.

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Liverpool Cathedral

Liverpool Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Liverpool, England.

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Malbork Castle

The Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork, commonly known as Malbork Castle (Zamek w Malborku; Ordensburg Marienburg), is a 13th-century castle complex located in the town of Malbork, Poland.

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Manchuria

Manchuria is a term that refers to a region in Northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day Northeast China, and historically parts of the modern-day Russian Far East, often referred to as Outer Manchuria.

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Manitoba Hydro Place

Manitoba Hydro Place (MHP) is an office tower serving as the headquarters building of Manitoba Hydro, the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada.

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Marble

Marble is a metamorphic rock consisting of carbonate minerals (most commonly calcite (CaCO3) or dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)) that have crystallized under the influence of heat and pressure.

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Mean radiant temperature

The concept of mean radiant temperature (MRT) is used to quantify the exchange of radiant heat between a human and their surrounding environment, with a view to understanding the influence of surface temperatures on personal comfort.

See Underfloor heating and Mean radiant temperature

Mediterranean Basin

In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin, also known as the Mediterranean Region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have mostly a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.

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Micro combined heat and power

Micro combined heat and power, micro-CHP, μCHP or mCHP is an extension of the idea of cogeneration to the single/multi family home or small office building in the range of up to 50 kW.

See Underfloor heating and Micro combined heat and power

Middle East

The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.

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Model building code

A model building code is a building code that is developed and maintained by a standards organization independent of the jurisdiction responsible for enacting the building code.

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Moisture

Moisture is the presence of a liquid, especially water, often in trace amounts.

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Mold

A mold or mould is one of the structures that certain fungi can form.

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the US specializes in the research and development of renewable energy, energy efficiency, energy systems integration, and sustainable transportation.

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Natural gas

Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.

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Neoglaciation

The neoglaciation ("renewed glaciation") describes the documented cooling trend in the Earth's climate during the Holocene, following the retreat of the Wisconsin glaciation, the most recent glacial period.

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Neolithic

The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος 'new' and λίθος 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia and Africa.

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Non-renewable resource

A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries (also known as the Nordics or Norden) are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic.

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North America

North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres.

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Ondol

() or gudeul in Korean traditional architecture is underfloor heating that uses direct heat transfer from wood smoke to heat the underside of a thick masonry floor.

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Operative temperature

Operative temperature (t_o) is defined as a uniform temperature of an imaginary black enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of heat by radiation plus convection as in the actual nonuniform environment.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Outgassing

Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material.

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Passive house

Passive house (Passivhaus) is a voluntary standard for energy efficiency in a building, which reduces the building's carbon footprint.

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Pearl River Tower

Pearl River Tower is a 71-story,, clean technology neofuturistic skyscraper at the junction of Jinsui Road/Zhujiang Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.

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Poland

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe.

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Polybutylene

Polybutylene (polybutene-1, poly(1-butene), PB-1) is a polyolefin or saturated polymer with the chemical formula (CH2CH(Et))n.

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Polyethylene

Polyethylene or polythene (abbreviated PE; IUPAC name polyethene or poly(methylene)) is the most commonly produced plastic.

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Polystyrene

Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic polymer made from monomers of the aromatic hydrocarbon styrene.

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Post Tower

Post Tower is the headquarters of the logistic company DHL Group with the two brands: the Deutsche Post postal services and the DHL logistics service.

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Povl Ole Fanger

Povl Ole Fanger (16 July 1934 – 20 September 2006) was an expert in the field of thermal comfort and perception of indoor environments.

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Propane

Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula.

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Propylene glycol

Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid.

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Psychrometrics

Psychrometrics (or psychrometry,; also called hygrometry) is the field of engineering concerned with the physical and thermodynamic properties of gas-vapor mixtures.

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R-2000 program

R-2000 is a Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) program that was developed in partnership with the Canadian Home Builders' Association in 1981, and formalized as a standard in 1982.

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Radiant heating and cooling

Radiant heating and cooling is a category of HVAC technologies that exchange heat by both convection and radiation with the environments they are designed to heat or cool.

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Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or a material medium.

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Radiator (heating)

Radiators and convectors are heat exchangers designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of space heating.

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Reflectance

The reflectance of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in reflecting radiant energy.

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Reichstag building

The Reichstag (officially: Plenarbereich Reichstagsgebäude; Imperial Assembly), a historic legislative government building on Platz der Republik in Berlin, is the seat of the German Bundestag.

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy (or green energy) is energy from renewable natural resources that are replenished on a human timescale.

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Renewable heat

Renewable heat is an application of renewable energy referring to the generation of heat from renewable sources; for example, feeding radiators with water warmed by focused solar radiation rather than by a fossil fuel boiler. Underfloor heating and renewable heat are residential heating.

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Rock (geology)

In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Room air distribution

Room air distribution is characterizing how air is introduced to, flows through, and is removed from spaces.

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Sensible heat

Sensible heat is heat exchanged by a body or thermodynamic system in which the exchange of heat changes the temperature of the body or system, and some macroscopic variables of the body or system, but leaves unchanged certain other macroscopic variables of the body or system, such as volume or pressure.

See Underfloor heating and Sensible heat

Shallow foundation

A shallow foundation is a type of building foundation that transfers structural load to the Earth very near to the surface, rather than to a subsurface layer or a range of depths, as does a deep foundation.

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Shortwave radiation (optics)

Shortwave radiation (SW) is thermal radiation in the optical spectrum, including visible (VIS), near-ultraviolet (UV), and near-infrared (NIR) spectra.

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Sick building syndrome

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a condition in which people develop symptoms of illness or become infected with chronic disease from the building in which they work or reside.

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Sir John Soane's Museum

Sir John Soane's Museum is a house museum, located next to Lincoln's Inn Fields in Holborn, London, which was formerly the home of neo-classical architect John Soane.

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Slate

Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous, metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade, regional metamorphism.

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Snowmelt system

A snowmelt system prevents the build-up of snow and ice on cycleways, walkways, patios and roadways, or more economically, only a portion of the area such as a pair of -wide tire tracks on a driveway or a center portion of a sidewalk, etc.

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Soil thermal properties

The thermal properties of soil are a component of soil physics that has found important uses in engineering, climatology and agriculture.

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Solar thermal energy

Solar thermal energy (STE) is a form of energy and a technology for harnessing solar energy to generate thermal energy for use in industry, and in the residential and commercial sectors. Underfloor heating and solar thermal energy are residential heating.

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Specific heat capacity

In thermodynamics, the specific heat capacity (symbol) of a substance is the amount of heat that must be added to one unit of mass of the substance in order to cause an increase of one unit in temperature.

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Statistics Canada

Statistics Canada (StatCan; Statistique Canada), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture.

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Steady state

In systems theory, a system or a process is in a steady state if the variables (called state variables) which define the behavior of the system or the process are unchanging in time.

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Stefan–Boltzmann law

The Stefan–Boltzmann law, also known as Stefan's law, describes the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by matter in terms of that matter's temperature.

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Stove

A stove or range is a device that generates heat inside or on top of the device, for local heating or cooking.

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Subterranea (geography)

Subterranea are underground structures, both natural (such as caves) and human-made (such as mines).

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Sustainability

Sustainability is a social goal for people to co-exist on Earth over a long time.

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Suvarnabhumi Airport

Suvarnabhumi Airport (ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ,, or colloquially as สนามบินสุวรรณภูมิ,; from Sanskrit सुवर्णभूमि (Suvarṇabhūmi), literally 'golden land') is the main international airport serving Bangkok, the capital of Thailand.

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Tandoor

A tandoor is a large vase-shaped oven, usually made of clay.

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Terrazzo

Terrazzo is a composite material, poured in place or precast, which is used for floor and wall treatments.

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Teutonic Order

The Teutonic Order is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem.

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Thermal comfort

Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses subjective satisfaction with the thermal environment.

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Thermal conduction

Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object.

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Thermal conductivity and resistivity

The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure of its ability to conduct heat.

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Thermal efficiency

In thermodynamics, the thermal efficiency (\eta_) is a dimensionless performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, such as an internal combustion engine, steam turbine, steam engine, boiler, furnace, refrigerator, ACs etc.

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Thermal manikin

The thermal manikin is a human model designed for scientific testing of thermal environments without the risk or inaccuracies inherent in human subject testing.

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Thermal mass

In building design, thermal mass is a property of the matter of a building that requires a flow of heat in order for it to change temperature.

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Thermography

Infrared thermography (IRT), thermal video and/or thermal imaging, is a process where a thermal camera captures and creates an image of an object by using infrared radiation emitted from the object in a process, which are examples of infrared imaging science.

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Thermostatic radiator valve

A thermostatic radiator valve (TRV) is a self-regulating valve fitted to hot water heating system radiator, to control the temperature of a room by changing the flow of hot water to the radiator. Underfloor heating and thermostatic radiator valve are residential heating.

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Tile

Tiles are usually thin, square or rectangular coverings manufactured from hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, baked clay, or even glass.

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United States Census Bureau

The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy.

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Usonia

Usonia is a word that was used by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright to refer to the United States in general (in preference over America), and more specifically to his vision for the landscape of the country, including the planning of cities and the architecture of buildings.

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Ventilation (architecture)

Ventilation is the intentional introduction of outdoor air into a space.

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Virus

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

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Volatile organic compound

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature.

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Water table

The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation.

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William Levitt

William Jaird Levitt (February 11, 1907 – January 28, 1994) was an American real-estate developer and housing pioneer.

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Wood grain

Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of wood fibers or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement.

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World energy supply and consumption

World energy supply and consumption refers to the global supply of energy resources and its consumption.

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Zero-energy building

A Zero-Energy Building (ZEB), also known as a Net Zero-Energy (NZE) building, is a building with net zero energy consumption, meaning the total amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis is equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site or in other definitions by renewable energy sources offsite, using technology such as heat pumps, high efficiency windows and insulation, and solar panels.

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41 Cooper Square

41 Cooper Square, designed by architect Thom Mayne of Morphosis, is a nine-story, academic center that houses the Albert Nerken School of Engineering with additional spaces for the humanities, art, and architecture departments in the newest addition to Cooper Union's campus in Cooper Square, Manhattan, New York City; there is also an exhibition gallery and auditorium for public programs and retail space on the ground level.

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See also

Ancient inventions

Residential heating

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underfloor_heating

Also known as Floor heating, Heated floor, Heated flooring, Radiant floor heat, Radiant floor heating, Radiant-floor heat, Radiant-floor heating, UFCH, Under floor heating, Underfloor central heating, Underfloor heating and cooling.

, Entropy, EPDM rubber, Ethylene, Europe, Ewha Womans University, Exergy, Finite element method, Firewood, Flooring, Flue gas, France, Frank Lloyd Wright, Franklin stove, Geotechnical engineering, Geothermal heating, Geothermal power, Gloria (heating system), Greenhouse gas, Ground source heat pump, Guangzhou, Hammam, Hans von Pechmann, Health care, Hearst Tower (Manhattan), Hearth, Heat capacity, Heat pump, Heat recovery ventilation, Heat transfer coefficient, Heating oil, Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House, Home fuel cell, Hot water reset, House dust mite, Human body temperature, Hydronics, Hypocaust, Imperial Chemical Industries, Indoor air quality, James Watt, John Leslie (physicist), Joseph Eichler, Kang bed-stove, Korea, List of woods, Liverpool Cathedral, Malbork Castle, Manchuria, Manitoba Hydro Place, Marble, Mean radiant temperature, Mediterranean Basin, Micro combined heat and power, Middle East, Model building code, Moisture, Mold, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Natural gas, Neoglaciation, Neolithic, Non-renewable resource, Nordic countries, North America, Ondol, Operative temperature, Ottoman Empire, Outgassing, Passive house, Pearl River Tower, Poland, Polybutylene, Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Post Tower, Povl Ole Fanger, Propane, Propylene glycol, Psychrometrics, R-2000 program, Radiant heating and cooling, Radiation, Radiator (heating), Reflectance, Reichstag building, Renewable energy, Renewable heat, Rock (geology), Roman Empire, Room air distribution, Sensible heat, Shallow foundation, Shortwave radiation (optics), Sick building syndrome, Sir John Soane's Museum, Slate, Snowmelt system, Soil thermal properties, Solar thermal energy, Specific heat capacity, Statistics Canada, Steady state, Stefan–Boltzmann law, Stove, Subterranea (geography), Sustainability, Suvarnabhumi Airport, Tandoor, Terrazzo, Teutonic Order, Thermal comfort, Thermal conduction, Thermal conductivity and resistivity, Thermal efficiency, Thermal manikin, Thermal mass, Thermography, Thermostatic radiator valve, Tile, United States Census Bureau, Usonia, Ventilation (architecture), Virus, Volatile organic compound, Water table, William Levitt, Wood grain, World energy supply and consumption, Zero-energy building, 41 Cooper Square.