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406 relations: Abdomen, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Abu Ghraib, Acne, Active Denial System, Adenoidectomy, Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, Aedes aegypti, Agent Orange, Albert Kligman, Albert Stevens, Alexander Cockburn, Allan Memorial Institute, Allen Dulles, American Cancer Society, American College of Physicians, Andrew Conway Ivy, Anesthesia, Anticholinergic, Aorta, Argonne National Laboratory, AstraZeneca, Authoritarianism, Bacillus atrophaeus, Baltimore, Bellevue Hospital, Belmont Report, Bill Clinton, Biochemist, Birth defect, Blister agent, Blood pressure, Bordetella pertussis, Boston, Brain damage, Brain tumor, Brainwashing, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Brooklyn, Bruce Jessen, Bubonic plague, Buchenwald concentration camp, Bulbocapnine, Calcium, Cannabis (drug), Cantharidin, Capital punishment, Carcinogen, Carl Elliott (philosopher), Castaic, California, ..., Catheter, Central Intelligence Agency, Central Intelligence Agency Office of Inspector General, Cerebral palsy, Cerebrospinal fluid, Cerebrum, Chemical Corps, Chemotherapy, Chester M. Southam, Chicago "L", Chloracne, Cholera, Church Committee, Church of Scientology, Cincinnati Radiation Experiments (1960-1971), Circumcision, Classified information, Clinical trial, Cocaine, Cold War, Columbia University, Compulsory sterilization, Congenital syphilis, Conscientious objector, Consent, Cornell Chronicle, Cornell University, Cortisol, CounterPunch, Creedmoor Psychiatric Center, Criminal justice, Curie, Cutaneous condition, Davenport, Iowa, Death of Dan Markingson, Declaration of Helsinki, Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Democracy Now!, Dermatology, Detroit, Diethylstilbestrol, Doctors' trial, Donald Ewen Cameron, Dow Chemical Company, Duke University, Eating, Eileen Welsome, Electroconvulsive therapy, Electroencephalography, EMedicine, Endocrinology, Entomological warfare, Epilepsy, Estrogen, Ether, Eugene Saenger, Eugenics, Eugenics in the United States, Executive order, Experimentation on prisoners, Feces, Federal government of the United States, Fetus, Florida, Fort McClellan, Francis Peyton Rous, Frank Olson, Freedom of Information Act, Gastrointestinal tract, George Annas, George Washington University, Goat, Gonorrhea, Green Run, Guantánamo Bay, Guatemala syphilis experiment, Gulf War syndrome, Gynaecology, Hanford Site, Harold Blauer, Harold Wolff, Harvard Journal on Legislation, Harvard University, HeLa, Henry Cotton (doctor), Herbert Copeland, Herbicide, Herpes simplex, Hideyo Noguchi, Holmesburg Prison, Human body weight, Human experimentation in North Korea, Human nose, Human penis, Human radiation experiments, Human rights in the United States, Human subject research, Human subject research legislation in the United States, Hyoscine, Hypnosis, Influenza, Informed consent, Inoculation, Institutional review board, Insulin, Interrogation, Investigative journalism, Iodine-131, Ionizing radiation, Irradiation, Isotopes of radium, Isotopes of thorium, Isotopes of xenon, J. Marion Sims, James Elmer Mitchell, Jennifer Harbury, John Charles Cutler, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, Johnson & Johnson, Jonas Salk, Jonathan D. Moreno, Joseph Gilbert Hamilton, Joseph Goldberger, Journal of Experimental Medicine, Jurisprudence, Kentucky Court of Appeals, Lauretta Bender, Lawsuit, Leprosy, Leukemia, Liver, Louisiana State Penitentiary, Low birth weight, Lumbar puncture, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Major depressive disorder, Malaria, Manhattan Project, Maryland, Massachusetts, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Medical ethics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Mescaline, Metallurgy, Methylphenidate, Michael Grodin, Microgram, Milgram experiment, Miscarriage, Molasses, Molluscum contagiosum, Monster Study, Montreal, Morphine, Mother Jones (magazine), Mutant, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, National Institutes of Health, National Research Act, Nazi human experimentation, Nerve agent, Neurosis, New York (state), New York City, New York City Subway, New York University, Northfield Laboratories, Nuclear fallout, Nuclear weapons testing, Nuremberg Code, Nuremberg trials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oatmeal, Office of Inspector General (United States), Office of Technical Service, Ohio State Penitentiary, Olanzapine, Operation Big Buzz, Operation Big Itch, Operation Crossroads, Operation Dew, Operation Drop Kick, Operation LAC, Operation May Day, Operation Midnight Climax, Operation Plumbbob, Operation Sea-Spray, Operation Top Hat, Opioid use disorder, Oregon, Oriental rat flea, Orphan, Palgrave Macmillan, Papule, Paralysis, Pediatrics, Penicillin, Pennsylvania, Phencyclidine, Philip Zimbardo, Philippines, Phosgene, Phosphorus-32, Physicians for Human Rights, Pituitary gland, Placebo, Placenta, Placentalia, Plutonium, Plutonium-238, Plutonium-239, Pneumonia, Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, Preterm birth, Project ARTICHOKE, Project CHATTER, Project GABRIEL, Project MKUltra, Project SHAD, Project SUNSHINE, Prostitution, Psychologist, Psychosis, Public opinion, Public relations, Quaker Oats Company, Quetiapine, Radioactive contamination, Radionuclide, Radium, Raytheon, Rheumatoid arthritis, Richard Helms, Risperidone, Robert Galbraith Heath, Robert Stone (scientist), Roberts Bartholow, Rockefeller Foundation, Rockefeller University, Ruth Faden, Saline (medicine), Samuel Steinfeld, San Antonio, San Francisco Chronicle, San Quentin State Prison, Sandra Day O'Connor, Sarin, Saul Krugman, Schizophrenia, Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture, Sensory deprivation, Serratia marcescens, Sexually transmitted infection, Sheep, Sidney Gottlieb, Sievert, Slavery in the United States, Sleep deprivation, Sonoma Developmental Center, Stable, Stanford prison experiment, Stanford University, Stanley Milgram, Staten Island, Stateville Correctional Center, Stateville Penitentiary Malaria Study, Stitching awl, Strontium, Substance dependence, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfur mustard, Sulfuric acid, Supreme Court of the United States, Syncope (medicine), Syphilis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Tampa, Florida, Testicle, The Albuquerque Tribune, The Journal of Pediatrics, The Mercury News, The Pentagon, The Plutonium Files, The Wall Street Journal, Thiamine deficiency, Thomas Francis Jr., Thyroid cancer, Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Torture, Torture and the United States, Total body irradiation, Trismus, Truth serum, Tuberculin, Tulane University, Tuskegee syphilis experiment, Tuskegee, Alabama, Typhoid fever, U.S. Army and CIA interrogation manuals, UCSF Medical Center, Umbilical artery, Unethical human experimentation, Unit 731, United States Armed Forces, United States Army, United States Army CBRN School, United States Atomic Energy Commission, United States Congress, United States Department of Defense, United States Department of Energy, United States Department of Health and Human Services, United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce, United States Navy, United States President's Commission on CIA Activities within the United States, United States Public Health Service, United States Secretary of the Army, United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, United States v. Stanley, University of California, University of Chicago, University of Iowa, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania, University of Rochester, University of Washington, Uranium-234, Uranium-235, Urination, Utah State Prison, Vaccine, Vanderbilt University, Vasectomy, VCU Medical Center, Viral hepatitis, VX (nerve agent), Walter E. Fernald Developmental Center, Washington (state), Washington State University, Waterboarding, WebMD, Wendell Johnson, Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation, Wild boar, Willowbrook State School, Winnipeg, World Health Organization, World Medical Association, World War II, Yale University, Zinc cadmium sulfide. Expand index (356 more) »
Abdomen
The abdomen (less formally called the belly, stomach, tummy or midriff) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates.
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Aberdeen Proving Ground
Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) (sometimes erroneously called Aberdeen Proving Grounds) is a United States Army facility located adjacent to Aberdeen, Maryland (in Harford County).
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Abu Ghraib
Abu Ghraib (أبو غريب, Abū Ghurayb) is a city in the Baghdad Governorate of Iraq, located just west of Baghdad's city center, or northwest of Baghdad International Airport.
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Acne
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin.
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Active Denial System
The Active Denial System (ADS) is a non-lethal, directed-energy weapon developed by the U.S. military, designed for area denial, perimeter security and crowd control.
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Adenoidectomy
Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoid for reasons which include impaired breathing through the nose, chronic infections, or recurrent earaches.
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Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
The Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments was established in 1994 to investigate questions of the record of the United States government with respect to human radiation experiments.
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Aedes aegypti
Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, is a mosquito that can spread dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika fever, Mayaro and yellow fever viruses, and other disease agents.
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Agent Orange
Agent Orange is an herbicide and defoliant chemical, one of the tactical use Rainbow Herbicides.
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Albert Kligman
Albert Montgomery Kligman (March 17, 1916 – February 9, 2010) was a dermatologist who co-invented Retin-A, the acne medication, with James Fulton in 1969.
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Albert Stevens
Albert Stevens (1887–1966), also known as patient CAL-1, was a victim of a human radiation experiment, and survived the highest known accumulated radiation dose in any human.
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Alexander Cockburn
Alexander Claud Cockburn (6 June 1941 – 21 July 2012) was an Irish-American political journalist and writer.
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Allan Memorial Institute
The Allan Memorial Institute (Institut Allan Memorial, IAM) (AMI; also known colloquially as "The Allan") is located on the slope of Mount Royal by McGill University's campus in what was then the Golden Square Mile in Montreal, Quebec.
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Allen Dulles
Allen Welsh Dulles (April 7, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was an American diplomat and lawyer who became the first civilian Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), and its longest-serving director to date.
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American Cancer Society
The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer.
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American College of Physicians
The American College of Physicians (ACP) is a national organization of internal medicineAmerican Board of Medical Specialties -. Retrieved 20 October 2014 physicians (internists)Mercy Cedar Rapids -. Retrieved 20 October 2014—specialists who apply scientific knowledge and clinical expertise to the diagnosis, treatment, and compassionate care of adults across the spectrum from health to complex illness.
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Andrew Conway Ivy
Andrew Conway Ivy (February 25, 1893 – February 7, 1978) was appointed by the American Medical Association as its representative at the 1946 Nuremberg Medical Trial for Nazi doctors.
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Anesthesia
In the practice of medicine (especially surgery and dentistry), anesthesia or anaesthesia (from Greek "without sensation") is a state of temporary induced loss of sensation or awareness.
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Anticholinergic
An anticholinergic agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system.
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Aorta
The aorta is the main artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries).
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Argonne National Laboratory
Argonne National Laboratory is a science and engineering research national laboratory operated by the University of Chicago Argonne LLC for the United States Department of Energy located near Lemont, Illinois, outside Chicago.
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AstraZeneca
AstraZeneca plc is an Anglo–Swedish multinational pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical company.
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Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism is a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.
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Bacillus atrophaeus
Bacillus atrophaeus is a species of black-pigmented bacteria.
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Baltimore
Baltimore is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland, and the 30th-most populous city in the United States.
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Bellevue Hospital
Bellevue Hospital, founded on March 31, 1736, is the oldest public hospital in the United States.
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Belmont Report
The Belmont Report is a report created by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.
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Biochemist
Biochemists are scientists that are trained in biochemistry.
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Birth defect
A birth defect, also known as a congenital disorder, is a condition present at birth regardless of its cause.
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Blister agent
A blister agent, or vesicant, is a chemical compound that causes severe skin, eye and mucosal pain and irritation.
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Blood pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.
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Bordetella pertussis
Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus Bordetella, and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough.
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Boston
Boston is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.
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Brain damage
Brain damage or brain injury (BI) is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells.
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Brain tumor
A brain tumor occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain.
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Brainwashing
Brainwashing (also known as mind control, menticide, coercive persuasion, thought control, thought reform, and re-education) is the concept that the human mind can be altered or controlled by certain psychological techniques.
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Bristol-Myers Squibb
Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) is an American pharmaceutical company, headquartered in New York City.
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Brooklyn
Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with a census-estimated 2,648,771 residents in 2017.
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Bruce Jessen
John Bruce Jessen (born July 28, 1949) is a psychologist who, with James Elmer Mitchell, created the so-called "enhanced interrogation techniques" that were used in the interrogation of CIA detainees, as outlined in the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence's report on CIA torture.
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Bubonic plague
Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis.
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Buchenwald concentration camp
Buchenwald concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager (KZ) Buchenwald,; literally, in English: beech forest) was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
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Bulbocapnine
Bulbocapnine is an alkaloid found in Corydalis (Papaveraceae) and Dicentra, plants in the family Fumariaceae that can cause fatal poisoning in sheep and cattle.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Cannabis (drug)
Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the ''Cannabis'' plant intended for medical or recreational use.
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Cantharidin
Cantharidin is an odorless, colorless fatty substance of the terpenoid class, which is secreted by many species of blister beetles.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
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Carcinogen
A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer.
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Carl Elliott (philosopher)
Carl Elliott (born July 25, 1961) is a professor in the Center for Bioethics and the Departments of Pediatrics and Philosophy at The University of Minnesota.
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Castaic, California
Castaic, California (also spelled Castec, or Kashtiq; pronunciation is a source of contention between older and newer residents, see below) is an unincorporated community located in the northern part of Los Angeles County, California.
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Catheter
In medicine, a catheter is a thin tube made from medical grade materials serving a broad range of functions.
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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).
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Central Intelligence Agency Office of Inspector General
The CIA Office of Inspector General exists to perform an inspector general (IG) function at the Central Intelligence Agency.
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Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood.
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Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord.
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Cerebrum
The cerebrum is a large part of the brain containing the cerebral cortex (of the two cerebral hemispheres), as well as several subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulb.
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Chemical Corps
The Chemical Corps is the branch of the United States Army tasked with defending against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Chester M. Southam
Chester M. Southam (October 4, 1919 – April 5, 2002) was an immunologist and oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Medical College; he went to Thomas Jefferson University in 1971 and worked there until the end of his career.
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Chicago "L"
The Chicago "L" (short for "elevated") is the rapid transit system serving the city of Chicago and some of its surrounding suburbs in the U.S. state of Illinois.
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Chloracne
Chloracne is an acne-like eruption of blackheads, cysts, and pustules associated with over-exposure to certain halogenated aromatic compounds, such as chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans.
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Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
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Church Committee
The Church Committee was the United States Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, a U.S. Senate committee chaired by Idaho Senator Frank Church (D-ID) in 1975.
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Church of Scientology
The Church of Scientology is a multinational network and hierarchy of numerous ostensibly independent but interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of Scientology, a new religious movement.
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Cincinnati Radiation Experiments (1960-1971)
The Cincinnati Radiation Experiments were a series of total and partial body irradiation tests performed on at least 90 patients with advanced cancer at the Cincinnati General Hospital, now University Hospital, from 1960-1971.
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Circumcision
Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the human penis.
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Classified information
Classified information is material that a government body deems to be sensitive information that must be protected.
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Clinical trial
Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.
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Cocaine
Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.
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Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
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Columbia University
Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.
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Compulsory sterilization
Compulsory sterilization, also known as forced or coerced sterilization, programs are government policies which force people to undergo surgical or other sterilization.
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Congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis is syphilis present in utero and at birth, and occurs when a child is born to a mother with syphilis.
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Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.
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Consent
In common speech, consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another.
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Cornell Chronicle
The Cornell Chronicle is the in-house weekly newspaper published by Cornell University.
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Cornell University
Cornell University is a private and statutory Ivy League research university located in Ithaca, New York.
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Cortisol
Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones.
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CounterPunch
CounterPunch is a magazine published six times per year in the United States that covers politics in a manner its editors describe as "muckraking with a radical attitude".
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Creedmoor Psychiatric Center
Creedmoor Psychiatric Center is a psychiatric hospital in Queens Village, Queens, New York, United States that provides inpatient, outpatient and residential services for severely mentally ill patients.
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Criminal justice
Criminal justice is the delivery of justice to those who have committed crimes.
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Curie
The curie (symbol Ci) is a non-SI unit of radioactivity originally defined in 1910.
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Cutaneous condition
A cutaneous condition is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, hair, nails, and related muscle and glands.
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Davenport, Iowa
Davenport is the county seat of Scott County in Iowa and is located along the Mississippi River on the eastern border of the state.
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Death of Dan Markingson
Dan Markingson (November 25, 1976 – May 8, 2004) was a young man from St.
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Declaration of Helsinki
The Declaration of Helsinki (DoH) is a set of ethical principles regarding human experimentation developed for the medical community by the World Medical Association (WMA).
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Defense Threat Reduction Agency
The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is an agency within the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and is the official Combat Support Agency for countering weapons of mass destruction (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high explosives).
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Democracy Now!
Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González.
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Dermatology
Dermatology (from ancient Greek δέρμα, derma which means skin and λογία, logia) is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin, nails, hair and its diseases.
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Detroit
Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.
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Diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol (DES), also known as stilbestrol or stilboestrol, is an estrogen medication which is mostly no longer used.
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Doctors' trial
The Doctors' trial (officially United States of America v. Karl Brandt, et al.) was the second of 12 trials for war crimes of German doctors that the United States authorities held in their occupation zone in Nuremberg, Germany, after the end of World War II.
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Donald Ewen Cameron
Donald Ewen Cameron (–) — known as D. Ewen Cameron or Ewen Cameron — was a Scottish-born psychiatrist who served as President of the American Psychiatric Association (1952–1953), Canadian Psychiatric Association (1958-1959), American Psychopathological Association (1963), Society of Biological Psychiatry (1965) and World Psychiatric Association (1961-1966).
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Dow Chemical Company
The Dow Chemical Company, commonly referred to as Dow, is an American multinational chemical corporation headquartered in Midland, Michigan, United States, and the predecessor of the merged company DowDuPont.
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Duke University
Duke University is a private, non-profit, research university located in Durham, North Carolina.
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Eating
Eating (also known as consuming) is the ingestion of food, typically to provide a heterotrophic organism with energy and to allow for growth.
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Eileen Welsome
Eileen Welsome (born March 12, 1951) is an American journalist and author.
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Electroconvulsive therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), formerly known as electroshock therapy, and often referred to as shock treatment, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders.
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Electroencephalography
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the brain.
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EMedicine
eMedicine.com, Incorporated is an online clinical medical knowledge base founded in 1996 by two medical doctors, Scott Plantz and Jonathan Adler, and by Jeffrey Berezin, a computer engineer.
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Endocrinology
Endocrinology (from endocrine + -ology) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones.
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Entomological warfare
Entomological warfare (EW) is a type of biological warfare that uses insects to attack the enemy.
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Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.
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Estrogen
Estrogen, or oestrogen, is the primary female sex hormone.
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Ether
Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups.
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Eugene Saenger
Dr.
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Eugenics
Eugenics (from Greek εὐγενής eugenes 'well-born' from εὖ eu, 'good, well' and γένος genos, 'race, stock, kin') is a set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.
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Eugenics in the United States
Eugenics, the set of beliefs and practices which aims at improving the genetic quality of the human population, played a significant role in the history and culture of the United States prior to its involvement in World War II.
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Executive order
In the United States, an executive order is a directive issued by the President of the United States that manages operations of the federal government and has the force of law.
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Experimentation on prisoners
Throughout history, prisoners have been frequent participants in scientific, medical and social human subject research.
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Feces
Feces (or faeces) are the solid or semisolid remains of the food that could not be digested in the small intestine.
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Federal government of the United States
The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.
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Fetus
A fetus is a stage in the prenatal development of viviparous organisms.
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Florida
Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States.
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Fort McClellan
Fort McClellan, originally Camp McClellan, was a United States Army post located adjacent to the city of Anniston, Alabama established as Camp Shipp in 1898.
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Francis Peyton Rous
Francis Peyton Rous (October 5, 1879 – February 16, 1970) was an American Nobel Prize-winning virologist.
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Frank Olson
Frank Rudolph Olson (July 17, 1910 – November 28, 1953) was an American bacteriologist, biological warfare scientist, and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) employee who worked at Camp Detrick (now Fort Detrick) in Maryland.
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Freedom of Information Act
Freedom of Information Act may refer to the following legislations in different jurisdictions which mandate the national government to disclose certain data to the general public upon request.
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Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.
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George Annas
George J. Annas is the William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor and Director of the Center for Health Law, Ethics & Human Rights at the Boston University School of Public Health, School of Medicine, and School of Law.
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George Washington University
No description.
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Goat
The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe.
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Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea, also spelled gonorrhoea, is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
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Green Run
The "Green Run" was a secret U.S. Government release of radioactive fission products on December 2–3, 1949, at the Hanford Site plutonium production facility, located in Eastern Washington.
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Guantánamo Bay
Guantánamo Bay (Bahía de Guantánamo) is a bay located in Guantánamo Province at the southeastern end of Cuba.
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Guatemala syphilis experiment
The syphilis experiments in Guatemala were United States-led human experiments conducted in Guatemala from 1946 to 1948.
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Gulf War syndrome
Gulf War syndrome (GWS), also known as Gulf War illnesses (GWI) and chronic multisymptom illness (CMI), is a chronic and multisymptomatic disorder affecting returning military veterans and civilian workers of the 1990–91 Gulf War.
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Gynaecology
Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the medical practice dealing with the health of the female reproductive systems (vagina, uterus, and ovaries) and the breasts.
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Hanford Site
The Hanford Site is a decommissioned nuclear production complex operated by the United States federal government on the Columbia River in the U.S. state of Washington.
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Harold Blauer
Harold Blauer (1910 – January 8, 1953) was an American tennis player who died as a result of injections of 450 mg 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (code-named EA-1298) as part of Project MKUltra, a covert CIA mind-control and chemical interrogation research program, run by the Office of Scientific Intelligence.
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Harold Wolff
Harold George Wolff (New York, 26 May 1898 - Washington D.C., 21 February 1962) was an American doctor, neurologist and scientist.
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Harvard Journal on Legislation
The Harvard Journal on Legislation is a journal of legal scholarship published by students at Harvard Law School.
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Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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HeLa
HeLa (also Hela or hela) is a cell type in an immortal cell line used in scientific research.
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Henry Cotton (doctor)
Henry Andrews Cotton (18 May 1876 – 8 May 1933) was an American psychiatrist and the medical director of New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton (previously the New Jersey State Lunatic Asylum, and now the Trenton Psychiatric Hospital) in Trenton, New Jersey from 1907 to 1930.
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Herbert Copeland
Herbert Faulkner Copeland (May 21, 1902 – Jan 31, 1968) was an American Copeland, Herb.
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Herbicide
Herbicides, also commonly known as weedkillers, are chemical substances used to control unwanted plants.
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Herpes simplex
Herpes simplex is a viral disease caused by the herpes simplex virus.
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Hideyo Noguchi
, also known as, was a prominent Japanese bacteriologist who in 1911 discovered the agent of syphilis as the cause of progressive paralytic disease.
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Holmesburg Prison
Holmesburg Prison is part of the City of Philadelphia Prison System.
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Human body weight
Human body weight refers to a person's mass or weight.
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Human experimentation in North Korea
Some North Korean defectors and former prisoners have spoken about North Korean human experimentation.
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Human nose
The human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils.
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Human penis
The human penis is an external male intromittent organ that additionally serves as the urinal duct.
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Human radiation experiments
Since the discovery of ionizing radiation, a number of human radiation experiments have been performed to understand the effects of ionizing radiation and radioactive contamination on the human body, specifically with the element plutonium.
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Human rights in the United States
Human rights in the United States comprise and very focused of a series of rights which are legally protected by the Constitution of the United States, including the amendments, state constitutions, conferred by treaty and customary international law, and enacted legislatively through Congress, state legislatures, and state referenda and citizen's initiatives.
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Human subject research
Human subject research is systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional (a "trial") or observational (no "test article") and involves human beings as research subjects.
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Human subject research legislation in the United States
Human subject research legislation in the United States can be traced to the early 20th century.
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Hyoscine
Hyoscine, also known as scopolamine, is a medication used to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Hypnosis
Hypnosis is a state of human consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.
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Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.
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Informed consent
Informed consent is a process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person, or for disclosing personal information.
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Inoculation
The terms inoculation, vaccination and immunization are often used synonymously to refer to artificial induction of immunity against various infectious diseases.
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Institutional review board
An institutional review board (IRB), also known as an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical review board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical.
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Insulin
Insulin (from Latin insula, island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body.
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Interrogation
Interrogation (also called questioning) is interviewing as commonly employed by law enforcement officers, military personnel, and intelligence agencies with the goal of eliciting useful information.
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Investigative journalism
Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply investigate a single topic of interest, such as serious crimes, political corruption, or corporate wrongdoing.
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Iodine-131
Iodine-131 (131I) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley.
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Ionizing radiation
Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.
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Irradiation
Irradiation is the process by which an object is exposed to radiation.
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Isotopes of radium
Radium (88Ra) has no stable or nearly stable isotopes, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given.
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Isotopes of thorium
Although thorium (90Th) has 6 naturally occurring isotopes, none of these isotopes are stable; however, one isotope, 232Th, is relatively stable, with a half-life of 1.405×1010 years, considerably longer than the age of the Earth, and even slightly longer than the generally accepted age of the universe.
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Isotopes of xenon
Naturally occurring xenon (54Xe) is made of eight stable isotopes and one very long-lived isotope.
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J. Marion Sims
James Marion Sims (January 25, 1813 – November 13, 1883) was an American physician and a pioneer in the field of surgery, known as the "father of modern gynecology".
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James Elmer Mitchell
James Elmer Mitchell (born 1952) is a psychologist and former member of the United States Air Force.
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Jennifer Harbury
Jennifer K. Harbury (born 1951) is an American lawyer, author, and human rights activist.
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John Charles Cutler
John Charles Cutler (June 29, 1915 – February 8, 2003) was a senior surgeon, and the acting chief of the venereal disease program in the United States Public Health Service.
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Johns Hopkins Hospital
The Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) is the teaching hospital and biomedical research facility of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. It was founded in 1889 using money from a bequest by philanthropist Johns Hopkins.
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Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins University is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.
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Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational medical devices, pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods manufacturing company founded in 1886.
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Jonas Salk
Jonas Edward Salk (October 28, 1914June 23, 1995) was an American medical researcher and virologist.
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Jonathan D. Moreno
Jonathan D. Moreno is an American philosopher and historian who specializes in the intersection of bioethics, culture, science, and national security, and has published seminal works on the history, sociology and politics of biology and medicine.
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Joseph Gilbert Hamilton
Joseph Gilbert Hamilton (November 11, 1907 – February 18, 1957) was an American professor of Medical Physics, Experimental Medicine, General Medicine, and Experimental Radiology as well as director (1948-1957) of the Crocker Laboratory, part of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
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Joseph Goldberger
Joseph Goldberger (Goldberger József) (July 16, 1874 – January 17, 1929) was an American physician and epidemiologist in the United States Public Health Service (PHS).
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Journal of Experimental Medicine
Journal of Experimental Medicine is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Rockefeller University Press that publishes research papers and commentaries on the physiological, pathological, and molecular mechanisms that encompass the host response to disease.
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Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence or legal theory is the theoretical study of law, principally by philosophers but, from the twentieth century, also by social scientists.
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Kentucky Court of Appeals
The Kentucky Court of Appeals is the lower of Kentucky's two appellate courts, under the Kentucky Supreme Court.
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Lauretta Bender
Lauretta Bender (August 9, 1897–January 4, 1987) was an American child neuropsychiatrist known for developing the Bender-Gestalt Test, a psychological test designed to evaluate visual-motor maturation in children.
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Lawsuit
A lawsuit (or suit in law) is "a vernacular term for a suit, action, or cause instituted or depending between two private persons in the courts of law." A lawsuit is any proceeding by a party or parties against another in a court of law.
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Leprosy
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
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Leukemia
Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.
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Liver
The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.
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Louisiana State Penitentiary
The Louisiana State Penitentiary (known as Angola, and nicknamed the "Alcatraz of the South" and "The Farm"Sutton, Keith "Catfish". "". ESPN Outdoors. May 31, 2006. Retrieved on August 25, 2010.) is a maximum-security prison farm in Louisiana operated by the Louisiana Department of Public Safety & Corrections.
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Low birth weight
Low birth weight (LBW) is defined by the World Health Organization as a birth weight of a infant of 2,499 g or less, regardless of gestational age.
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Lumbar puncture
Lumbar puncture (LP), also known as a spinal tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal, most commonly to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic testing.
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Lysergic acid diethylamide
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), also known as acid, is a psychedelic drug known for its psychological effects, which may include altered awareness of one's surroundings, perceptions, and feelings as well as sensations and images that seem real though they are not.
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Major depressive disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations.
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Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.
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Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
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Maryland
Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.
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Massachusetts
Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
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Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General or MGH) is the original and largest teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and a biomedical research facility located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
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Medical ethics
Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values to the practice of clinical medicine and in scientific research.
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Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK or MSKCC) is a cancer treatment and research institution in New York City, founded in 1884 as the New York Cancer Hospital.
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Mescaline
Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic alkaloid of the phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin.
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Metallurgy
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.
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Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate, sold under various trade names, Ritalin being one of the most commonly known, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the phenethylamine and piperidine classes that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
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Michael Grodin
Michael Alan Grodin (born December 26, 1951) is Professor of Health Law, Bioethics, and Human Rights at the Boston University School of Public Health, where he has received the distinguished Faculty Career Award for Research and Scholarship, and 20 teaching awards, including the "Norman A. Scotch Award for Excellence in Teaching." He is also Professor of Family Medicine and Psychiatry at the Boston University School of Medicine.
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Microgram
In the metric system, a microgram or microgramme (μg; the recommended symbol in the United States when communicating medical information is mcg) is a unit of mass equal to one millionth of a gram.
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Milgram experiment
The Milgram experiment on obedience to authority figures was a series of social psychology experiments conducted by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram.
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Miscarriage
Miscarriage, also known as spontaneous abortion and pregnancy loss, is the natural death of an embryo or fetus before it is able to survive independently.
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Molasses
Molasses, or black treacle (British, for human consumption; known as molasses otherwise), is a viscous product resulting from refining sugarcane or sugar beets into sugar.
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Molluscum contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum (MC), sometimes called water warts, is a viral infection of the skin that results in small, raised, pink lesions with a dimple in the center.
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Monster Study
The Monster Study was a stuttering experiment performed on 22 orphan children in Davenport, Iowa in 1939.
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Montreal
Montreal (officially Montréal) is the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec and the second-most populous municipality in Canada.
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Morphine
Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate variety which is found naturally in a number of plants and animals.
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Mother Jones (magazine)
Mother Jones (abbreviated MoJo) is a progressive American magazine that focuses on news, commentary, and investigative reporting on topics including politics, the environment, human rights, and culture.
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Mutant
In biology and especially genetics, a mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is an alteration of the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome of an organism.
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National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (also known as "NASEM" or "the National Academies") is the collective scientific national academy of the United States.
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National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research, founded in the late 1870s.
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National Research Act
The National Research Act was enacted by the 93rd United States Congress and signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 12, 1974 after a series of congressional hearings on human-subjects research, directed by Senator Edward Kennedy.
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Nazi human experimentation
Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners, including children, by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps in the early to mid 1940s, during World War II and the Holocaust.
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Nerve agent
Nerve agents, sometimes also called nerve gases, are a class of organic chemicals that disrupt the mechanisms by which nerves transfer messages to organs.
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Neurosis
Neurosis is a class of functional mental disorders involving chronic distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.
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New York (state)
New York is a state in the northeastern United States.
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New York City
The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.
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New York City Subway
The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state-run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA).
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New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private nonprofit research university based in New York City.
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Northfield Laboratories
Northfield Laboratories Inc. (former NASDAQ: NFLD) was the maker of PolyHeme, a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC).
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Nuclear fallout
Nuclear fallout, or simply fallout, is the residual radioactive material propelled into the upper atmosphere following a nuclear blast, so called because it "falls out" of the sky after the explosion and the shock wave have passed.
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Nuclear weapons testing
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine the effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability of nuclear weapons.
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Nuremberg Code
The Nuremberg Code (Nürnberger Kodex) is a set of research ethics principles for human experimentation set as a result of the subsequent Nuremberg trials at the end of the Second World War.
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Nuremberg trials
The Nuremberg trials (Die Nürnberger Prozesse) were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces under international law and the laws of war after World War II.
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is an American multiprogram science and technology national laboratory sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and administered, managed, and operated by UT-Battelle as a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) under a contract with the DOE.
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Oatmeal
Oatmeal is made of hulled oat grains – groats – that have either been milled (ground), steel-cut, or rolled.
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Office of Inspector General (United States)
In the United States, the Office of Inspector General (OIG) is a generic term for the oversight division of a federal or state agency aimed at preventing inefficient or illegal operations within their parent agency.
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Office of Technical Service
The Office of Technical Service (OTS; formerly known as the Technical Services Division and Technical Services Staff) is a component of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, responsible for supporting CIA's clandestine operations with gadgets, disguises, forgeries, secret writings, and weapons.
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Ohio State Penitentiary
The Ohio State Penitentiary is a 502-inmate capacity supermax Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction prison in Youngstown, Ohio.
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Olanzapine
Olanzapine (originally branded Zyprexa) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
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Operation Big Buzz
Operation Big Buzz was a U.S. military entomological warfare field test conducted in the U.S. state of Georgia in 1955.
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Operation Big Itch
Operation Big Itch was a U.S. entomological warfare field test using uninfected fleas to determine their coverage and survivability as a vector for biological agents.
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Operation Crossroads
Operation Crossroads was a pair of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946.
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Operation Dew
Operation Dew refers to two separate field trials conducted by the United States in the 1950s.
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Operation Drop Kick
Between April and November 1956, the U.S. Army Chemical Corps conducted Operation Drop KickRose, William H. "", U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command, Dugway Proving Ground, March 1981, via thesmokinggun.com, accessed December 25, 2008 to test the practicality of employing mosquitoes to carry an entomological warfare agent in different ways.
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Operation LAC
Operation LAC (Large Area Coverage) was a U.S. Army Chemical Corps operation which dispersed microscopic zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) particles over much of the United States.
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Operation May Day
Operation May Day was a series of entomological warfare (EW) tests conducted by the U.S. military in Savannah, Georgia in 1956.
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Operation Midnight Climax
Operation Midnight Climax was an operation initially established by Sidney Gottlieb and placed under the direction of Federal Narcotics Bureau in Boston, Massachusetts with the officer George Hunter White under the pseudonym of Morgan Hall for the CIA as a sub-project of Project MKULTRA, the CIA mind-control research program that began in the 1950s.
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Operation Plumbbob
Operation Plumbbob was a series of nuclear tests conducted between May 28 and October 7, 1957, at the Nevada Test Site, following Project 57, and preceding Project 58/58A.
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Operation Sea-Spray
Operation Sea-Spray was a 1950 U.S. Navy secret experiment in which Serratia marcescens and Bacillus globigii bacteria were sprayed over the San Francisco Bay Area in California.
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Operation Top Hat
Operation Top Hat was a "local field exercise" conducted by the United States Army Chemical Corps in 1953.
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Opioid use disorder
Opioid use disorder is a medical condition characterized by a problematic pattern of opioid use that causes clinically significant impairment or distress.
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Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region on the West Coast of the United States.
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Oriental rat flea
The Oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis), also known as the tropical rat flea, is a parasite of rodents, primarily of the genus Rattus, and is a primary vector for bubonic plague and murine typhus.
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Orphan
An orphan (from the ορφανός orphanós) is someone whose parents have died, unknown, or have permanently abandoned them.
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Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is an international academic and trade publishing company.
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Papule
A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in area from a pinhead to 1 cm.
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Paralysis
Paralysis is a loss of muscle function for one or more muscles.
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Pediatrics
Pediatrics (also spelled paediatrics or pædiatrics) is the branch of medicine that involves the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents.
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Penicillin
Penicillin (PCN or pen) is a group of antibiotics which include penicillin G (intravenous use), penicillin V (use by mouth), procaine penicillin, and benzathine penicillin (intramuscular use).
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.
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Phencyclidine
Phencyclidine (PCP), also known as angel dust among other names, is a drug used for its mind altering effects.
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Philip Zimbardo
Philip George Zimbardo (born March 23, 1933) is an American psychologist and a professor emeritus at Stanford University.
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Philippines
The Philippines (Pilipinas or Filipinas), officially the Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas), is a unitary sovereign and archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.
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Phosgene
Phosgene is the chemical compound with the formula COCl2.
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Phosphorus-32
Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus.
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Physicians for Human Rights
Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a US-based not-for-profit human rights NGO that uses medicine and science to document and advocate against mass atrocities and severe human rights violations around the world.
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Pituitary gland
An explanation of the development of the pituitary gland (Hypophysis cerebri) & the congenital anomalies. In vertebrate anatomy, the pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing in humans.
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Placebo
A placebo is a substance or treatment of no intended therapeutic value.
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Placenta
The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, thermo-regulation, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply; to fight against internal infection; and to produce hormones which support pregnancy.
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Placentalia
Placentalia ("Placentals") is one of the three extant subdivisions of the class of animals Mammalia; the other two are Monotremata and Marsupialia.
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Plutonium
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.
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Plutonium-238
Plutonium-238 (also known as Pu-238 or 238Pu) is a radioactive isotope of plutonium that has a half-life of 87.7 years.
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Plutonium-239
Plutonium-239 is an isotope of plutonium.
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Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.
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Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services
Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, alternatively known as Laboratory 1, Laboratory 12, and Kamera which means "The Cell" in Russian, was a covert research and development facility of the Soviet secret police agencies which reportedly reactivated in late '90s.
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Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins, are a group of polyhalogenated organic compounds that are significant environmental pollutants.
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Preterm birth
Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age.
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Project ARTICHOKE
Project ARTICHOKE (also referred to as Operation ARTICHOKE) was a CIA project that researched interrogation methods and arose from Project BLUEBIRD on August 20, 1951, run by the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence.
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Project CHATTER
Project CHATTER was a United States Navy program beginning in the fall of 1947 focusing on the identification and testing of drugs in interrogations and the recruitment of agents.
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Project GABRIEL
Project GABRIEL refers to an investigation by the United States Atomic Energy Commission to gauge the impact of radioactive fallout resulting from nuclear warfare.
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Project MKUltra
Project MKUltra, also called the CIA mind control program, is the code name given to a program of experiments on human subjects that were designed and undertaken by the United States Central Intelligence Agency—and which were, at times, illegal.
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Project SHAD
Project SHAD, an acronym for Shipboard Hazard and Defense, was part of a larger effort called Project 112, which was conducted during the 1960s.
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Project SUNSHINE
Project SUNSHINE was a series of research studies to ascertain the impact of radioactive fallout on the world's population.
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Prostitution
Prostitution is the business or practice of engaging in sexual activity in exchange for payment.
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Psychologist
A psychologist studies normal and abnormal mental states from cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by observing, interpreting, and recording how individuals relate to one another and to their environments.
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Psychosis
Psychosis is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties telling what is real and what is not.
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Public opinion
Public opinion consists of the desires, wants, and thinking of the majority of the people; it is the collective opinion of the people of a society or state on an issue or problem.
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Public relations
Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the spread of information between an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) and the public.
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Quaker Oats Company
The Quaker Oats Company, known as Quaker, is an American food conglomerate based in Chicago.
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Quetiapine
Quetiapine, marketed as Seroquel among other names, is an atypical antipsychotic used for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.
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Radioactive contamination
Radioactive contamination, also called radiological contamination, is the deposition of, or presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids, liquids or gases (including the human body), where their presence is unintended or undesirable (from the International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA - definition).
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Radionuclide
A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable.
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Radium
Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88.
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Raytheon
The Raytheon Company is a major U.S. defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in weapons and military and commercial electronics.
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Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints.
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Richard Helms
Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 – October 23, 2002) served as the United States Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from June 1966 to February 1973.
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Risperidone
Risperidone, sold under the trade name Risperdal among others, is an antipsychotic medication.
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Robert Galbraith Heath
Robert Galbraith Heath (9 May 1915 – 24 September 1999) was an American psychiatrist.
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Robert Stone (scientist)
Robert S. Stone (February 10, 1922 – October 20, 2016) was a professor and physician.
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Roberts Bartholow
Roberts Bartholow or Robert Bartholow (November 28, 1831 – May 10, 1904) was an American physician and a professor at several American medical colleges.
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Rockefeller Foundation
The Rockefeller Foundation is a private foundation based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City.
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Rockefeller University
The Rockefeller University is a center for scientific research, primarily in the biological and medical sciences, that provides doctoral and postdoctoral education.
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Ruth Faden
Ruth R. Faden, PhD, MPH, is the founder of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics.
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Saline (medicine)
Saline, also known as saline solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride in water and has a number of uses in medicine.
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Samuel Steinfeld
Samuel Steinfeld (February 15, 1906 in Louisville, Kentucky – November 22, 2007) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Kentucky.
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San Antonio
San Antonio (Spanish for "Saint Anthony"), officially the City of San Antonio, is the seventh most populous city in the United States and the second most populous city in both Texas and the Southern United States.
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San Francisco Chronicle
The San Francisco Chronicle is a newspaper serving primarily the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California.
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San Quentin State Prison
San Quentin State Prison (SQ) is a California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation state prison for men, located north of San Francisco in the unincorporated town of San Quentin in Marin County.
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Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra Day O'Connor (born March 26, 1930) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, having served from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until 2006.
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Sarin
Sarin, or NATO designation GB (G-series, 'B'), is a highly toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound.
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Saul Krugman
Saul Krugman (April 7, 1911 – October 26, 1995) U.S. award-winning pediatrician whose studies of hepatitis, rubella, and measles resulted in the development of vaccinations for these debilitating diseases.
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Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.
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Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture
The Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program is a report compiled by the bipartisan United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) about the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)'s Detention and Interrogation Program and its use of various forms of torture ("enhanced interrogation techniques" in U.S. government communiqués) on detainees between 2001 and 2006 during the "War on Terror".
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Sensory deprivation
Sensory deprivation or perceptual isolation is the deliberate reduction or removal of stimuli from one or more of the senses.
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Serratia marcescens
Serratia marcescens is a species of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae.
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Sexually transmitted infection
Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex.
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Sheep
Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.
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Sidney Gottlieb
Sidney Gottlieb (born Joseph Scheider; August 3, 1918 – March 7, 1999) was an American chemist and spymaster best known for his involvement with the Central Intelligence Agency's 1950s and '60s assassination attempts and mind control program, known as Project MKULTRA.
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Sievert
The sievert (symbol: SvNot be confused with the sverdrup or the svedberg, two non-SI units that sometimes use the same symbol.) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI) and is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.
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Slavery in the United States
Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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Sleep deprivation
Sleep deprivation is the condition of not having enough sleep; it can be either chronic or acute.
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Sonoma Developmental Center
The Sonoma Developmental Center (SDC) is a large, state-run facility in California, United States, serving the needs of people with developmental disabilities.
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Stable
A stable is a building in which livestock, especially horses, are kept.
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Stanford prison experiment
The Stanford prison experiment was a 1971 experiment that attempted to investigate the psychological effects of perceived power, focusing on the struggle between prisoners and prison officers.
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Stanford University
Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California.
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Stanley Milgram
Stanley Milgram (August 15, 1933 – December 20, 1984) was an American social psychologist, best known for his controversial experiment on obedience conducted in the 1960s during his professorship at Yale.
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Staten Island
Staten Island is the southernmost and westernmost of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York.
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Stateville Correctional Center
Stateville Correctional Center (SCC) is a maximum security state prison for men in Crest Hill, Illinois, U.S., near Chicago.
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Stateville Penitentiary Malaria Study
The Stateville Penitentiary malaria study was a controlled study of the effects of malaria on the prisoners of Stateville Penitentiary near Joliet, Illinois in the 1940s.
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Stitching awl
A stitching awl is a tool with which holes can be punctured in a variety of materials, or existing holes can be enlarged.
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Strontium
Strontium is the chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38.
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Substance dependence
Substance dependence also known as drug dependence is an adaptive state that develops from repeated drug administration, and which results in withdrawal upon cessation of drug use.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
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Sulfur mustard
Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, is the prototypical substance of the sulfur-based family of cytotoxic and vesicant chemical warfare agents known as the sulfur mustards which have the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin and in the lungs.
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Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a mineral acid with molecular formula H2SO4.
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Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.
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Syncope (medicine)
Syncope, also known as fainting, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery.
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Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also known simply as lupus, is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the body.
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Tampa, Florida
Tampa is a major city in, and the county seat of, Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.
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Testicle
The testicle or testis is the male reproductive gland in all animals, including humans.
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The Albuquerque Tribune
The Albuquerque Tribune was an afternoon newspaper in Albuquerque, New Mexico, founded in 1922 by Carlton Cole Magee as Magee's Independent.
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The Journal of Pediatrics
The Journal of Pediatrics is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal that covers all aspects of pediatrics.
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The Mercury News
The Mercury News (formerly San Jose Mercury News, often locally known as The Merc) is a morning daily newspaper published in San Jose, California, United States.
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The Pentagon
The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. As a symbol of the U.S. military, The Pentagon is often used metonymically to refer to the U.S. Department of Defense.
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The Plutonium Files
The Plutonium Files: America's Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War is a 1999 book by Eileen Welsome.
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The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.
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Thiamine deficiency
Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B1).
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Thomas Francis Jr.
Thomas Francis Jr. (July 15, 1900 October 1, 1969) was an American physician, virologist, and epidemiologist.
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Thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland.
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Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations
CFR Title 45 - Public Welfare is one of fifty titles comprising the United States Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).
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Torture
Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.
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Torture and the United States
Torture and the United States includes documented and alleged cases of torture both inside and outside the United States by members of the U.S. government, the U.S. military, U.S. law enforcement agencies, U.S. intelligence agencies, U.S. health care services, and other U.S. public organizations.
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Total body irradiation
Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for haematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation.
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Trismus
Trismus, also called lockjaw, is reduced opening of the jaws (limited jaw range of motion).
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Truth serum
"Truth serum" is a colloquial name for any of a range of psychoactive drugs used in an effort to obtain information from subjects who are unable or unwilling to provide it otherwise.
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Tuberculin
Tuberculin, also known as purified protein derivative, is a combination of proteins that are used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
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Tulane University
Tulane University is a private, nonsectarian research university in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.
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Tuskegee syphilis experiment
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male, also known as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study or Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment was an infamous clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the U.S. Public Health Service.
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Tuskegee, Alabama
Tuskegee is a city in Macon County, Alabama, United States.
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Typhoid fever
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a bacterial infection due to ''Salmonella'' typhi that causes symptoms.
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U.S. Army and CIA interrogation manuals
The U.S. Army and CIA interrogation manuals are seven controversial military training manuals which were declassified by the Pentagon in 1996.
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UCSF Medical Center
The University of California, San Francisco Medical Center is a research and teaching hospital in San Francisco, California and is the medical center of the University of California, San Francisco.
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Umbilical artery
The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions.
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Unethical human experimentation
Unethical human experimentation is human experimentation that violates the principles of medical ethics, such as the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki.
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Unit 731
was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that undertook lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) of World War II.
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United States Armed Forces
The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States of America.
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United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.
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United States Army CBRN School
The United States Army CBRN School, located at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, is the primary American training school specializing in military Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) defense.
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United States Atomic Energy Commission
The United States Atomic Energy Commission, commonly known as the AEC, was an agency of the United States government established after World War II by U.S. Congress to foster and control the peacetime development of atomic science and technology.
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United States Congress
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States.
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United States Department of Defense
The Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces.
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United States Department of Energy
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is a cabinet-level department of the United States Government concerned with the United States' policies regarding energy and safety in handling nuclear material.
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United States Department of Health and Human Services
The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), also known as the Health Department, is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government with the goal of protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human services.
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United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce
The Committee on Energy and Commerce is one of the oldest standing committees of the United States House of Representatives.
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United States Navy
The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States.
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United States President's Commission on CIA Activities within the United States
The United States President's Commission on CIA Activities within the United States was set up under President Gerald Ford in 1975 to investigate the activities of the Central Intelligence Agency and other intelligence agencies within the United States.
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United States Public Health Service
The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service (PHS), founded in 1798, as the primary division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW; which was established in 1953), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services in 1979–1980 (when the Education agencies were separated into their own U.S. Department of Education).
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United States Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Army (SA, SECARM or SECARMY) is a senior civilian official within the Department of Defense of the United States of America with statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, installations, environmental issues, weapons systems and equipment acquisition, communications, and financial management.
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United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
The United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (sometimes referred to as the Intelligence Committee or SSCI) is dedicated to overseeing the United States Intelligence Community—the agencies and bureaus of the federal government of the United States who provide information and analysis for leaders of the executive and legislative branches.
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United States v. Stanley
United States v. Stanley,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a serviceman could not file a tort action against the federal government, even though the government secretly administered doses of LSD to the serviceman as part of an experimental program, because his injuries were found by the lower court to be service-related.
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University of California
The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the US state of California.
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University of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.
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University of Iowa
The University of Iowa (also known as the UI, U of I, UIowa, or simply Iowa) is a flagship public research university in Iowa City, Iowa.
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University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (UM, U-M, U of M, or UMich), often simply referred to as Michigan, is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (often referred to as the University of Minnesota, Minnesota, the U of M, UMN, or simply the U) is a public research university in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota.
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University of Nebraska Medical Center
The University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) is a public center of health sciences research, patient care, and education located in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.
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University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania (commonly known as Penn or UPenn) is a private Ivy League research university located in University City section of West Philadelphia.
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University of Rochester
The University of Rochester (U of R or UR) frequently referred to as Rochester, is a private research university in Rochester, New York.
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University of Washington
The University of Washington (commonly referred to as UW, simply Washington, or informally U-Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington.
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Uranium-234
Uranium-234 is an isotope of uranium.
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Uranium-235
Uranium-235 (235U) is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium.
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Urination
Urination is the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body.
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Utah State Prison
Utah State Prison (USP) is one of two prisons managed by the Utah Department of Corrections' Division of Institutional Operations.
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Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.
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Vanderbilt University
Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy) is a private research university in Nashville, Tennessee.
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Vasectomy
Vasectomy is a surgical procedure for male sterilization or permanent contraception.
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VCU Medical Center
The VCU Medical Center is Virginia Commonwealth University's medical campus located in downtown Richmond, Virginia in the Court End neighborhood.
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Viral hepatitis
Viral hepatitis is liver inflammation due to a viral infection.
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VX (nerve agent)
VX is an extremely toxic synthetic chemical compound in the organophosphorus class, specifically, a thiophosphonate.
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Walter E. Fernald Developmental Center
The Walter E. Fernald State School, later the Walter E. Fernald Developmental Center (aka Fernald Developmental Center or simply Fernald), was the Western hemisphere's oldest publicly funded institution serving people with developmental disabilities.
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Washington (state)
Washington, officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.
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Washington State University
Washington State University (WSU) is a public research university in Pullman, Washington, in the Palouse region of the northwest United States. Founded in 1890, WSU (colloquially "Wazzu") is a land-grant university with programs in a broad range of academic disciplines. It is ranked in the top 140 universities in America with high research activity, as determined by U.S. News & World Report. With an undergraduate enrollment of 24,470 and a total enrollment of 29,686, it is the second largest institution of higher education in Washington state behind the University of Washington. The university also operates campuses across Washington known as WSU Spokane, WSU Tri-Cities, WSU Everett and WSU Vancouver, all founded in 1989. In 2012, WSU launched an Internet-based Global Campus, which includes its online degree program, WSU Online. These campuses award primarily bachelor's and master's degrees. Freshmen and sophomores were first admitted to the Vancouver campus in 2006 and to the Tri-Cities campus in 2007. Enrollment for the four campuses and WSU Online exceeds 29,686 students. This includes 1,751 international students. WSU's athletic teams are called the Cougars and the school colors are crimson and gray. Six men's and nine women's varsity teams compete in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference. Both men's and women's indoor track teams compete in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation.
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Waterboarding
Waterboarding is a form of water torture in which water is poured over a cloth covering the face and breathing passages of an immobilized captive, causing the individual to experience the sensation of drowning.
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WebMD
WebMD is an American corporation known primarily as an online publisher of news and information pertaining to human health and well-being.
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Wendell Johnson
Wendell Johnson (April 16, 1906 – August 29, 1965) was an American psychologist, actor and author and was a proponent of general semantics (or GS).
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Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation
The Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC), formerly known as the U.S. Army School of the Americas (SOA), is a United States Department of Defense Institute located at Fort Benning near Columbus, Georgia, that provides military training to government personnel in US-allied Latin American nations.
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Wild boar
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), also known as the wild swine,Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A.; Bannikov, A. G.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988), Volume I, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp.
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Willowbrook State School
Willowbrook State School was a state-supported institution for children with intellectual disability located in the Willowbrook neighborhood on Staten Island in New York City from 1947 until 1987.
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Winnipeg
Winnipeg is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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World Medical Association
The World Medical Association (WMA) is an international and independent confederation of free professional medical associations, therefore representing physicians worldwide.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Yale University
Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.
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Zinc cadmium sulfide
Zinc cadmium sulfide is a mixture of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and cadmium sulfide (CdS).
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Redirects here:
Human experimentation in the United States, Human experiments in the United States, Human radiation experiments in the United States, Unethical Human Experimentation in the United States.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unethical_human_experimentation_in_the_United_States
