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Upper Silesia

Index Upper Silesia

Upper Silesia (Górny Śląsk; Silesian Polish: Gůrny Ślůnsk; Horní Slezsko; Oberschlesien; Silesian German: Oberschläsing; Silesia Superior) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. [1]

193 relations: Agnatic seniority, Austrian Silesia, Český Těšín, Łaziska Górne, Śląsk Opolski, Świętochłowice, Żory, Żywiec County, Battle of Annaberg, Battle of Legnica, Battle of White Mountain, Bavarian Geographer, Będzin County, Bernhard Gröschel, Biała (Vistula), Bielsko County, Bielsko-Biała, Bieruń, Black Death, Bohemia, Bohumín, Bolesław I the Brave, Bolesław I the Tall, Bolesław III Wrymouth, Bretislav I, Brzeg County, Bytom, Casimir I of Opole, Casimir II the Just, Casimir III the Great, Caspar Schwenckfeld, Catholic Church, Chorzów, Cieszyn, Cieszyn Silesia, Coal, Częstochowa, Częstochowa County, Czech Republic, Czech Silesia, Czechoslovakia, Czechowice-Dziedzice, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Duchy of Bytom, Duchy of Oświęcim, Duchy of Opole, Duchy of Opole and Racibórz, Duchy of Pless, Duchy of Racibórz, Duchy of Siewierz, ..., Duchy of Silesia, Duchy of Teschen, Duchy of Troppau, Duchy of Zator, East Germany, East Upper Silesia, Eastern Sudetes, Ethnic group, First Mongol invasion of Poland, Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II, Gdańsk, German Empire, German minority in Poland, German town law, German-Polish Accord on East Silesia, Germanisation, Germans, Gliwice, Gord (archaeology), Great Moravia, Greater Poland, Habsburg Monarchy, Havířov, Henri Le Rond, Henry II the Pious, Henry the Bearded, History of Poland during the Piast dynasty, Hlučín Region, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Empire, House of Habsburg, Hussite Wars, Iron ore, Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian University, Jarosław, Duke of Opole, Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Jaworzno, John of Bohemia, Joseph Partsch, Karviná, Katowice, Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Kłobuck County, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Prussia, Kluczbork, Krnov, Lach dialects, Lands of the Bohemian Crown, Lesser Poland, Louis II of Hungary, Lower Silesia, Lubliniec, Matthias Corvinus, Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia and Dąbrowa Basin, Middle Silesia, Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I Tanglefoot, Migration Period, Mikołów, Moravia, Moravian Gate, Moravian-Silesian Region, Mysłowice, Myszków County, Namysłów County, National identity, Nicholas I, Duke of Troppau, Niemcza, Nysa, Poland, Oder, Olomouc Region, Opava, Opava (river), Opolans, Opole, Opole Voivodeship, Orlová, Ostrava, Ostsiedlung, Přemyslid dynasty, Personal union, Piast dynasty, Piekary Śląskie, Poland, Polans (western), Polish People's Republic, Polish–Czechoslovak War, Potsdam Agreement, Province of Silesia, Province of Upper Silesia, Przemsza, Pszczyna, Pyskowice, Racibórz, Reformation, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław, Ruda Śląska, Rudolf Virchow, Rybnik, Rydułtowy, Second Polish Republic, Siemianowice Śląskie, Silesia, Silesian Beskids, Silesian German, Silesian Interurbans, Silesian language, Silesian Piasts, Silesian Uprisings, Silesian Voivodeship, Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39), Silesian Wars, Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia, Society of Jesus, Sosnowiec, Spytihněv I, Duke of Bohemia, Strzelce Opolskie, Sudetes, Svatopluk I of Moravia, Tarnowskie Góry, Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth, Treaty of Breslau, Treaty of Trentschin, Tychy, Upper Silesia plebiscite, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Upper Silesian Industrial Region, Vistula, Vratislaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Władysław II the Exile, Władysław Opolski, Weimar Republic, Wodzisław Śląski, Wojciech Korfanty, World War I, World War II, Wrocław, Zabrze, Zaolzie, Zawiercie County. Expand index (143 more) »

Agnatic seniority

Agnatic seniority is a patrilineal principle of inheritance where the order of succession to the throne prefers the monarch's younger brother over the monarch's own sons.

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Austrian Silesia

Austrian Silesia (Österreichisch-Schlesien (historically also Oesterreichisch-Schlesien, Oesterreichisch Schlesien, österreichisch Schlesien); Rakouské Slezsko; Śląsk Austriacki), officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia (Herzogtum Ober- und Niederschlesien (historically Herzogthum Ober- und Niederschlesien); Vévodství Horní a Dolní Slezsko), was an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Austrian Empire, from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary.

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Český Těšín

Český Těšín (Czeski Cieszyn, Tschechisch-Teschen) is a town in the Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Łaziska Górne

Łaziska Górne (German: Ober Lazisk, Silesian: Gůrne Łaziska) is a town in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Śląsk Opolski

Opole Silesia or Opolian Silesia (Śląsk Opolski, also known as Opolszczyzna), is loosely defined region of Poland.

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Świętochłowice

Świętochłowice (Schwientochlowitz; Śwjyntochlowicy) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Żory

Not to be confused with the similarly-named town Żary (German: Sorau) in Silesian Voivodeship Żory (Sohrau) is a town and city county in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland with 58,672 inhabitants (2018).

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Żywiec County

Żywiec County (powiat żywiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border.

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Battle of Annaberg

The Battle of (the) Annaberg (Bitwa o Górę Św.) was the biggest battle of the Silesian Uprisings.

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Battle of Legnica

The Battle of Legnica (bitwa pod Legnicą), also known as the Battle of Liegnitz (Schlacht von Liegnitz) or Battle of Wahlstatt (Schlacht bei Wahlstatt), was a battle between the Mongol Empire and the combined defending forces of European fighters that took place at Legnickie Pole (Wahlstatt) near the city of Legnica in the Silesia province of the Kingdom of Poland on 9 April 1241.

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Battle of White Mountain

The Battle of White Mountain (Czech: Bitva na Bílé hoře, German: Schlacht am Weißen Berg) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War.

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Bavarian Geographer

The epithet "Bavarian Geographer" (Geographus Bavarus) is the conventional name for the anonymous author of a Latin medieval text containing a list of the tribes in central-eastern Europe, headed Descriptio civitatum et regionum ad septentrionalem plagam Danubii.

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Będzin County

Będzin County (powiat będziński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Bernhard Gröschel

Bernhard Gröschel (19 June 1939 – 4 October 2009) was a German linguist and slavist.

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Biała (Vistula)

Biała (Bialka) is a river in southern Poland, a right tributary of the Vistula, around long.

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Bielsko County

Bielsko County (powiat bielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Bielsko-Biała

Bielsko-Biała (Bílsko-Bělá; Bielitz-Biala) is a city in Southern Poland with the population of approximately 174,000 (December 2013).

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Bieruń

Bieruń (Berun) is a town in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland, about south of Katowice.

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Black Death

The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.

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Bohemia

Bohemia (Čechy;; Czechy; Bohême; Bohemia; Boemia) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic.

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Bohumín

Bohumín (Bogumin, Oderberg) is a town in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic on the border with Poland.

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Bolesław I the Brave

Bolesław I the Brave (Bolesław I Chrobry, Boleslav Chrabrý; 967 – 17 June 1025), less often known as Bolesław I the Great (Bolesław I Wielki), was Duke of Poland from 992 to 1025, and the first King of Poland in 1025.

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Bolesław I the Tall

Bolesław I the Tall (Bolesław I Wysoki) (b. 1127 – d. Leśnica, 7 or 8 December 1201) was a Duke of Wroclaw from 1163 until his death in 1201.

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Bolesław III Wrymouth

Bolesław III Wrymouth (also known as Boleslaus III the Wry-mouthed, Bolesław III Krzywousty) (20 August 1086 – 28 October 1138), was a Duke of Lesser Poland, Silesia and Sandomierz between 1102 and 1107 and over the whole Poland between 1107 and 1138.

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Bretislav I

Bretislav I (Břetislav I.; 1002/1005–10 January 1055), known as the "Bohemian Achilles", of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1035 until his death.

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Brzeg County

Brzeg County (powiat brzeski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland.

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Bytom

Bytom (Polish pronunciation:; Silesian: Bytůń, Beuthen O.S.) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Casimir I of Opole

Casimir I of Opole (Kazimierz I opolski; – 13 May 1230), a member of the Piast dynasty, was a Silesian duke of Opole and Racibórz from 1211 until his death.

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Casimir II the Just

Casimir II the Just (Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy; 1138 – 5 May 1194) was a Lesser Polish Duke at Wiślica during 1166–1173, and at Sandomierz after 1173.

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Casimir III the Great

Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz III Wielki; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370.

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Caspar Schwenckfeld

Caspar (or Kaspar) Schwen(c)kfeld von Ossig (1489 or 1490 – 10 December 1561) was a German theologian, writer, and preacher who became a Protestant Reformer and spiritualist.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Chorzów

Chorzów (Königshütte; Chorzůw) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Cieszyn

Cieszyn (Těšín, Teschen, Tessin) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship.

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Cieszyn Silesia

Cieszyn Silesia or Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia (Polish:, Czech: or, German: Teschener Schlesien or Olsagebiet) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River.

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Coal

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.

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Częstochowa

Częstochowa,, is a city in southern Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants as of June 2009.

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Częstochowa County

Częstochowa County (powiat częstochowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Czech Republic

The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.

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Czech Silesia

Czech Silesia (České Slezsko; Czeski Ślůnsk; Tschechisch-Schlesien; Śląsk Czeski) is the name given to the part of the historical region of Silesia presently located in the Czech Republic.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

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Czechowice-Dziedzice

Czechowice-Dziedzice (Czechowice-Dźydźice) is a town in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland with 35,498 inhabitants (2012).

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Dąbrowa Górnicza

Dąbrowa Górnicza is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie, southern Poland, near Katowice and Sosnowiec.

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Duchy of Bytom

The Duchy of Bytom (Księstwo Bytomskie) or Duchy of Beuthen (Herzogtum Beuthen) was one of many Silesian duchies.

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Duchy of Oświęcim

The Duchy of Oświęcim (Księstwo Oświęcimskie), or the Duchy of Auschwitz (Herzogtum Auschwitz), was one of many Duchies of Silesia, formed in the aftermath of the fragmentation of Poland.

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Duchy of Opole

Duchy of Opole (Herzogtum Oppeln; Opolské knížectví) was one of the duchies of Silesia ruled by the Piast dynasty.

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Duchy of Opole and Racibórz

The Duchy of Opole and Racibórz (Księstwo opolsko-raciborskie, Herzogtum Oppeln und Ratibor) was one of the numerous Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian branch of the royal Polish Piast dynasty.

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Duchy of Pless

The Duchy of Pless (or the Duchy of Pszczyna,Julian Janczak, (An outline for the History of Cartography till the End of the 18th century), Opole: 1976, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw: Institute of History of Science, Education and Technology, 1993,. This contains sections in several European languages, including; Accessed 2008-13-01. ^ Tadeusz Walichnowski, (Przynaleznosc terytorialna archiwaliow Panstwa Polskiego w stosunkach miedzynarodowych), Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw, 1977. Polish State Archives. ^Nagel's Encyclopedia Guide, Poland by Nagel Publishers, 1989, 399 pages,. Accessed 2008-13-01. Herzogtum Pleß, Księstwo Pszczyńskie) was a Duchy of Silesia, with its capital at Pless (present-day Pszczyna, Poland).

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Duchy of Racibórz

Duchy of Racibórz (Herzogtum Ratibor, Ratibořské knížectví) was one of the duchies of Silesia.

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Duchy of Siewierz

The Duchy of Siewierz was a Silesian duchy with its capital in Siewierz.

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Duchy of Silesia

The Duchy of Silesia (Księstwo śląskie, Herzogtum Schlesien) with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland.

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Duchy of Teschen

The Duchy of Teschen (Herzogtum Teschen), also Duchy of Cieszyn (Księstwo Cieszyńskie) or Duchy of Těšín (Těšínské knížectví, was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn (Teschen) in Upper Silesia. It was split off the Silesian Duchy of Opole and Racibórz in 1281 during the feudal division of Poland and was ruled by Silesian dukes of the Piast dynasty from 1290 until the line became extinct with the death of Duchess Elizabeth Lucretia in 1653. The ducal lands initially comprised former Lesser Polish territories east of the Biała River, which in about 1315 again split off as the Polish Duchy of Oświęcim, while the remaining duchy became a fiefdom of the Bohemian kings in 1327 and was incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown by 1347. While the bulk of Silesia was conquered by the Prussian king Frederick the Great in the Silesian Wars of 1740–1763, Teschen together with the duchies of Troppau (Opava), Krnov and Nysa remained with the Habsburg Monarchy and merged into the Austrian Silesia crown land in 1849. The so-called "commander line" of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, a cadet branch descending from Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, held the title "Duke of Teschen" until 1918.

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Duchy of Troppau

The Principality of Opava (Opavské knížectví) (Księstwo Opawskie) or Duchy of Troppau (Herzogtum Troppau) was a historic territory split off from the Margraviate of Moravia before 1269 by King Ottokar II of Bohemia to provide for his natural son, Nicholas I. The Opava territory thus had not been part of the original Polish Duchy of Silesia in 1138, and was first ruled by an illegitimate offshoot of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, not by the Silesian Piasts like many of the neighbouring Silesian duchies.

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Duchy of Zator

The Duchy of Zator was one of many Duchies of Silesia.

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East Germany

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), existed from 1949 to 1990 and covers the period when the eastern portion of Germany existed as a state that was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War period.

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East Upper Silesia

East Upper Silesia (Ostoberschlesien) is a term denoting the easternmost extremity of Silesia, the eastern part of the Upper Silesian region around the city of Katowice (Kattowitz).

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Eastern Sudetes

The Eastern Sudetes (Sudety Wschodnie, Východní Sudety or Jesenická oblast) are the Eastern part of the Sudetes mountains on the border of the Czech Republic and Poland.

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Ethnic group

An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

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First Mongol invasion of Poland

The Mongol Invasion of Poland from late 1240 to 1241 culminated in the battle of Legnica, where the Mongols defeated an alliance which included forces from fragmented Poland and their allies, led by Henry II the Pious, the Duke of Silesia.

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Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II

The flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland was the largest of a series of flights and expulsions of Germans in Europe during and after World War II.

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Gdańsk

Gdańsk (Danzig) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast.

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German Empire

The German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich, officially Deutsches Reich),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people.

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German minority in Poland

The registered German minority in Poland at the 2011 national census consisted of 148,000 people, of whom 64,000 declared both German and Polish ethnicities and 45,000 solely German ethnicity.

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German town law

The German town law (Deutsches Stadtrecht) or German municipal concerns (Deutsches Städtewesen) was a set of early town privileges based on the Magdeburg rights developed by Otto I. The Magdeburg Law became the inspiration for regional town charters not only in Germany, but also in Central and Eastern Europe who modified it during the Middle Ages.

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German-Polish Accord on East Silesia

The German-Polish Accord on East Silesia (German: Deutsch-Polnisches Abkommen über Oberschlesien), also known as the Geneva Accord, of 15 May 1922, dealt with the constitutional and legal future of Upper Silesia which partly became Polish territory after a referendum in 1921.

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Germanisation

Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is the spread of the German language, people and culture or policies which introduced these changes.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Gliwice

Gliwice (Gleiwitz) is a city in Upper Silesia, southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Gord (archaeology)

A gord is a medieval Slavic fortified wooden settlement, sometimes known as a burgwall after the German term for such sites.

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Great Moravia

Great Moravia (Regnum Marahensium; Μεγάλη Μοραβία, Megálī Moravía; Velká Morava; Veľká Morava; Wielkie Morawy), the Great Moravian Empire, or simply Moravia, was the first major state that was predominantly West Slavic to emerge in the area of Central Europe, chiefly on what is now the territory of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland (including Silesia), and Hungary.

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Greater Poland

Greater Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska (Großpolen; Latin: Polonia Maior), is a historical region of west-central Poland.

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Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918.

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Havířov

Havířov (Hawierzów, Cieszyn Silesian) is a city in the Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Henri Le Rond

Henri Le Rond (9 October 1864 - 29 May 1949) was a French General, officer of the Deuxième Bureau and Head of the Inter-Allied Administrative and Plebiscite Commission in Upper Silesia ("C.I.H.S"; French: Commission interalliée de gouvernement et de plébiscite de Haute-Silésie).

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Henry II the Pious

Henry II the Pious (Henryk II Pobożny) (1196 – 9 April 1241),*Cawley, Charles; Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project; Silesia v3.0; Dukes of Breslau (Wrocław) and Lower Silesia 1163–1278 (Piast) (Chap 4); Heinrich II Duke of Lower Silesia; retrieved May 2015.

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Henry the Bearded

Henry the Bearded (Henryk Brodaty, Heinrich der Bärtige); c. 1165/70 – 19 March 1238), of the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Silesia at Wrocław from 1201 and Duke of Kraków and thus High Duke of all Poland — internally divided — from 1232 until his death.

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History of Poland during the Piast dynasty

The period of rule by the Piast dynasty between the 10th and 14th centuries is the first major stage of the history of the Polish nation.

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Hlučín Region

Hlučín Region (Hlučínsko (familiarly Prajzsko), Hultschiner Ländchen, Kraik hulczyński) is a historically significant part of Czech Silesia, today a part of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic, named after its largest town Hlučín.

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Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor (historically Romanorum Imperator, "Emperor of the Romans") was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire (800-1806 AD, from Charlemagne to Francis II).

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Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.

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House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (traditionally spelled Hapsburg in English), also called House of Austria was one of the most influential and distinguished royal houses of Europe.

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Hussite Wars

The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were fought between the heretical Catholic Hussites and the combined Catholic orthodox forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, the Papacy and various European monarchs loyal to the Catholic Church, as well as among various Hussite factions themselves.

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Iron ore

Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted.

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Jagiellonian dynasty

The Jagiellonian dynasty was a royal dynasty, founded by Jogaila (the Grand Duke of Lithuania, who in 1386 was baptized as Władysław, married Queen regnant (also styled "King") Jadwiga of Poland, and was crowned King of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło. The dynasty reigned in several Central European countries between the 14th and 16th centuries. Members of the dynasty were Kings of Poland (1386–1572), Grand Dukes of Lithuania (1377–1392 and 1440–1572), Kings of Hungary (1440–1444 and 1490–1526), and Kings of Bohemia (1471–1526). The personal union between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (converted in 1569 with the Treaty of Lublin into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) is the reason for the common appellation "Poland–Lithuania" in discussions about the area from the Late Middle Ages onward. One Jagiellonian briefly ruled both Poland and Hungary (1440–44), and two others ruled both Bohemia and Hungary (1490–1526) and then continued in the distaff line as a branch of the House of Habsburg. The Polish "Golden Age", the period of the reigns of Sigismund I and Sigismund II, the last two Jagiellonian kings, or more generally the 16th century, is most often identified with the rise of the culture of Polish Renaissance. The cultural flowering had its material base in the prosperity of the elites, both the landed nobility and urban patriciate at such centers as Kraków and Gdańsk.

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Jagiellonian University

The Jagiellonian University (Polish: Uniwersytet Jagielloński; Latin: Universitas Iagellonica Cracoviensis, also known as the University of Kraków) is a research university in Kraków, Poland.

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Jarosław, Duke of Opole

Jarosław of Opole (Jarosław opolski; aft. 1143 – 22 March 1201) was a Duke Opole from 1173 and Bishop of Wrocław from 1198 until his death.

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Jastrzębie-Zdrój

Jastrzębie-Zdrój (Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb, originally Jastrzemb, Jastrzymbje–Zdrůj) is a city in south Poland with 92,462 inhabitants (31.12.2010).

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Jaworzno

Jaworzno is a city in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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John of Bohemia

John the Blind (Jang de Blannen; Johann der Blinde von Luxemburg; Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346) was the Count of Luxembourg from 1309 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of Poland.

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Joseph Partsch

Joseph Partsch (4 July 1851 – 22 June 1925) was a German geographer, born at Schreiberhau, Silesia.

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Karviná

Karviná (Karwina,, Karwin) is a city in Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic, on the Olza River.

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Katowice

Katowice (Katowicy; Kattowitz; officially Miasto Katowice) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of 297,197 and the center of the Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2.2 million.

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Kędzierzyn-Koźle

Kędzierzyn-Koźle (Kandrzin-Cosel, 1934-45: Heydebreck O.S. and Cosel; Kandrzin-Koźle) is a town in southwestern Poland, the administrative centre of Kędzierzyn-Koźle County in Opole Voivodeship.

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Kłobuck County

Kłobuck County (powiat kłobucki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Kingdom of Bohemia

The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (České království; Königreich Böhmen; Regnum Bohemiae, sometimes Regnum Czechorum), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic.

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Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed from the Middle Ages into the twentieth century (1000–1946 with the exception of 1918–1920).

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Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

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Kluczbork

Kluczbork (Kreuzburg O.S.) is a town in southwestern Poland with 24,962 inhabitants (2011), situated in the Opole Voivodeship.

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Krnov

Krnov (Karńůw, Jägerndorf, Polish: Karniów or Krnów, Carnovia) is an Upper Silesian town in the northeastern Czech Republic, in the Moravian-Silesian Region, the District of Bruntál.

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Lach dialects

The Lachian dialects (Lach dialects, lašská nářečí, lašstina, gwary laskie, not to be confused with the Lechitic language group) are a group of West Slavic dialects that form a transition between the Polish and Czech language.

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Lands of the Bohemian Crown

The Lands of the Bohemian Crown, sometimes called Czech lands in modern times, were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the Bohemian kings.

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Lesser Poland

Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska, Latin: Polonia Minor) is a historical region (dzielnica) of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków.

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Louis II of Hungary

Louis II (Ludvík, Ludovik, Lajos, 1 July 1506 – 29 August 1526) was King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia from 1516 to 1526.

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Lower Silesia

Lower Silesia (Dolny Śląsk; Dolní Slezsko; Silesia Inferior; Niederschlesien; Silesian German: Niederschläsing; Dolny Ślůnsk) is the northwestern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia; Upper Silesia is to the southeast.

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Lubliniec

Lubliniec (Lublinitz) is a town in southern Poland with 29,359 inhabitants (2004).

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Matthias Corvinus

Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I (Hunyadi Mátyás, Matija Korvin, Matia Corvin, Matej Korvín, Matyáš Korvín), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490.

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Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia and Dąbrowa Basin

The Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia and Dąbrowa Basin, usually referred to in Poland as the Silesian Metropolis (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia; Metropolia Silesia), See also: Further information: is an association of municipalities composed of 14 neighbouring cities in the Polish Province of Silesia.

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Middle Silesia

Middle Silesia (Śląsk środkowy, Mittelschlesien) was a colloquial designation for the Regierungsbezirk Breslau subdivision in the Prussian province of Silesia from 1813 to 1945.

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Mieszko I of Poland

Mieszko I (– 25 May 992) was the ruler of the Polans from about 960 until his death.

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Mieszko I Tanglefoot

Mieszko IV Tanglefoot (Mieszko IV Plątonogi) (ca. 1130 – 16 May 1211) was Duke of Kraków and High Duke of Poland from 1202 and from 9 June 1210 until his death.

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Migration Period

The Migration Period was a period during the decline of the Roman Empire around the 4th to 6th centuries AD in which there were widespread migrations of peoples within or into Europe, mostly into Roman territory, notably the Germanic tribes and the Huns.

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Mikołów

Mikołów (Nikolai, Mikołůw) is a town in Silesia, in southern Poland, near the city of Katowice.

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Moravia

Moravia (Morava;; Morawy; Moravia) is a historical country in the Czech Republic (forming its eastern part) and one of the historical Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Czech Silesia.

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Moravian Gate

The Moravian Gate (Moravská brána, Brama Morawska, Mährische Pforte, Moravská brána) is a geomorphological feature in the Moravian region of the Czech Republic.

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Moravian-Silesian Region

The Moravian-Silesian Region (Moravskoslezský kraj; Kraj morawsko-śląski; Moravsko-sliezsky kraj), is one of the 14 administrative Regions of the Czech Republic.

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Mysłowice

Mysłowice (German Myslowitz) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Myszków County

Myszków County (powiat myszkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Namysłów County

Namysłów County (powiat namysłowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland.

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National identity

National identity is one's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation.

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Nicholas I, Duke of Troppau

Nicholas I (Mikuláš I. Opavský) (c. 1255 – 25 July 1318) was the natural son of Bohemian king Ottokar II Přemysl and his mistress Agnes of Kuenring.

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Niemcza

Niemcza (Nimptsch) is a town in Dzierżoniów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Nysa, Poland

Nysa (Neisse or Neiße) is a town in southwestern Poland on the Nysa Kłodzka river, situated in the Opole Voivodeship.

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Oder

The Oder (Czech, Lower Sorbian and Odra, Oder, Upper Sorbian: Wódra) is a river in Central Europe.

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Olomouc Region

Olomouc Region (Olomoucký kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko).

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Opava

Opava (Troppau, Tropp, Opawa, Oppavia) is a city in the eastern Czech Republic on the river Opava, located to the north-west of Ostrava.

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Opava (river)

The Opava (Opava, Opawa, Oppa) is a river in the north-eastern Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Oder river.

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Opolans

Opolans (Opolanie; Opolané; Opolanen) were the West Slavic tribe that lived in the region of upper Odra.

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Opole

Opole (Oppeln, Silesian German: Uppeln, Uopole, Opolí) is a city located in southern Poland on the Oder River and the historical capital of Upper Silesia.

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Opole Voivodeship

Opole Voivodeship, or Opole Province (województwo opolskie, Woiwodschaft Oppeln), is the smallest and least populated voivodeship (province) of Poland.

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Orlová

Orlová (Orłowa; Orlau) is a town in the Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Ostrava

Ostrava (Ostrawa, Ostrau or Mährisch Ostrau) is a city in the north-east of the Czech Republic and is the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region.

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Ostsiedlung

Ostsiedlung (literally east settling), in English called the German eastward expansion, was the medieval eastward migration and settlement of Germanic-speaking peoples from the Holy Roman Empire, especially its southern and western portions, into less-populated regions of Central Europe, parts of west Eastern Europe, and the Baltics.

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Přemyslid dynasty

The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemyslid (Přemyslovci, Premysliden, Przemyślidzi) was a Czech royal dynasty which reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century–1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia), Hungary, and Austria.

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Personal union

A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct.

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Piast dynasty

The Piast dynasty was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland.

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Piekary Śląskie

Piekary Śląskie (Deutsch Piekar; Pjekary) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Polans (western)

The Polans (also known as Polanes, Polanians;, derived from Old Slavic pole, "field" or "plain", see polje) were a West Slavic tribe, part of the Lechitic group, inhabiting the Warta River basin of the historic Greater Poland region in the 8th century.

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Polish People's Republic

The Polish People's Republic (Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) covers the history of contemporary Poland between 1952 and 1990 under the Soviet-backed socialist government established after the Red Army's release of its territory from German occupation in World War II.

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Polish–Czechoslovak War

The Poland–Czechoslovakia War, also known mostly in Czech sources as the Seven-day war (Sedmidenní válka) was a military confrontation between Czechoslovakia and Poland over the territory of Cieszyn Silesia in 1919.

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Potsdam Agreement

The Potsdam Agreement (Potsdamer Abkommen) was the August 1945 agreement between three of the Allies of World War II, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union.

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Province of Silesia

The Province of Silesia (Provinz Schlesien; Prowincja Śląska; Silesian: Prowincyjŏ Ślōnskŏ) was a province of the German Kingdom of Prussia, existing from 1815 to 1919, when it was divided into the Upper and Lower Silesia provinces, and briefly again from 1938 to 1941.

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Province of Upper Silesia

The Province of Upper Silesia (Provinz Oberschlesien; Silesian German: Provinz Oberschläsing; Prowincyjŏ Gōrny Ślōnsk; Prowincja Górny Śląsk) was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1919 to 1945.

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Przemsza

Przemsza (Przemsa) is a river in the south of Poland, a tributary of the Vistula.

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Pszczyna

Pszczyna (English: Pless, Pleß) is a town in southern Poland with 25,415 inhabitants (2010) within the immediate gmina.

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Pyskowice

Pyskowice (Peiskretscham) is a town in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Racibórz

Racibórz (Ratibor, Ratiboř, Raćibůrz) is a town in Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland.

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Reformation

The Reformation (or, more fully, the Protestant Reformation; also, the European Reformation) was a schism in Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther and continued by Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin and other Protestant Reformers in 16th century Europe.

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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław

The Archdiocese of Wrocław (Archidiecezja wrocławska; Erzbistum Breslau; Arcidiecéze vratislavská; Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis) is a Latin Rite archdiocese of the Catholic Church named after its capital Wrocław in Poland.

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Ruda Śląska

Ruda Śląska (Ruda O.S.; Ślůnsko Ruda) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Rudolf Virchow

Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow (13 October 1821 – 5 September 1902) was a German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician, known for his advancement of public health.

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Rybnik

Rybnik (Rybnick, Rybńik) is a city in southwestern Poland, in the Silesian Voivodeship.

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Rydułtowy

Rydułtowy (Rydultau), is a town in southern Poland.

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Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, commonly known as interwar Poland, refers to the country of Poland between the First and Second World Wars (1918–1939).

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Siemianowice Śląskie

Siemianowice Śląskie also known as Siemianowice (Siemianowitz-Laurahütte; Śymjanowicy) is a city in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice, in its central district in the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a population of 2 million people and is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Brynica river (tributary of the Vistula).

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Silesia

Silesia (Śląsk; Slezsko;; Silesian German: Schläsing; Silesian: Ślůnsk; Šlazyńska; Šleska; Silesia) is a region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany.

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Silesian Beskids

Silesian Beskids (Polish:, Czech:, Schlesische Beskiden) is one of the Beskids mountain ranges in Outer Western Carpathians in southern Silesian Voivodeship, Poland and the eastern Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Silesian German

Silesian German (Silesian German: Schläsche Sproache or Schläs'sche Sproche, Schlesisch) or Lower Silesian is a nearly extinct German dialect spoken in Silesia.

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Silesian Interurbans

Silesian Interurbans (Tramwaje Konurbacji Śląskiej), one of the largest tram (streetcar) systems in the world, has been in existence since 1894.

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Silesian language

Silesian or Upper Silesian (Silesian: ślōnskŏ gŏdka, ślůnsko godka (Silesian pronunciation), Slezština, język śląski / etnolekt śląski, Wasserpolnisch) is a West Slavic lect, part of its Lechitic group.

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Silesian Piasts

The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III of Poland.

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Silesian Uprisings

The Silesian Uprisings (Aufstände in Oberschlesien; Powstania śląskie) were a series of three armed uprisings of the Poles and Polish Silesians of Upper Silesia, from 1919 to 1921, against German rule; the resistance hoped to break away from Germany in order to join the Second Polish Republic, which had been established in the wake of World War I. In the latter-day history of Poland after World War II, the insurrections were celebrated as centrepieces of national pride.

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Silesian Voivodeship

Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province (województwo śląskie), Woiwodschaft Schlesien) is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centered on the historic region known as Upper Silesia (Górny Śląsk), with Katowice serving as its capital. Despite the Silesian Voivodeship's name, most of the historic Silesia region lies outside the present Silesian Voivodeship — divided among Lubusz, Lower Silesian, and Opole Voivodeships — while the eastern half of Silesian Voivodeship (and, notably, Częstochowa in the north) was historically part of Lesser Poland. The Voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Katowice, Częstochowa and Bielsko-Biała Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. It is the most densely populated voivodeship in Poland and within the area of 12,300 squared kilometres, there are almost 5 million inhabitants. It is also the largest urbanised area in Central and Eastern Europe. In relation to economy, over 13% of Poland’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is generated here, making the Silesian Voivodeship one of the wealthiest provinces in the country.

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Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)

The Silesian Voivodeship (Województwo Śląskie) was an autonomous province (voivodeship) of the interwar Second Polish Republic.

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Silesian Wars

The Silesian Wars (Schlesische Kriege) were a series of three wars fought in the mid-18th century between Prussia (under King Frederick the Great) and Austria (under Empress Maria Theresa) for control of Silesia, all three of which ended in Prussian victory.

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Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia

Soběslav I (also "Sobeslaus"; c.1075 – 14 February 1140) was Duke of Bohemia from 1125 until his death.

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Society of Jesus

The Society of Jesus (SJ – from Societas Iesu) is a scholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain.

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Sosnowiec

Sosnowiec (pronounced) is an industrial city county in the Dąbrowa Basin (Zagłębie Dąbrowskie) of southern Poland, which is also part of the Silesian Metropolis municipal association.

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Spytihněv I, Duke of Bohemia

Spytihněv I (c. 875 – 915), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 894 or 895 until his death.

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Strzelce Opolskie

Strzelce Opolskie (Groß Strehlitz) is a town in south-western Poland with 19,628 inhabitants (2006), situated in the Opole Voivodeship.

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Sudetes

The Sudetes (also known as the Sudeten after their German name; Czech: Krkonošsko-jesenická subprovincie, Sudetská subprovincie, subprovincie Sudety, Sudetská pohoří, Sudetské pohoří, Sudety; Polish: Sudety) are a mountain range in Central Europe.

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Svatopluk I of Moravia

Svatopluk I or Svätopluk I, also known as Svatopluk the Great (Latin: Zuentepulc, Zuentibald, Sventopulch, Old Church Slavic Свѧтопълкъ and transliterated Svętopъłkъ, Polish: Świętopełk, Greek: Sphendoplokos) was a ruler of Great Moravia, which attained its maximum territorial expansion during his reign (870–871, 871–894).

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Tarnowskie Góry

Tarnowskie Góry (German: Tarnowitz, established in 1526; Tarnowske Gůry) is a town in Silesia (southern Poland), located in the Silesian Highlands near Katowice.

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Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth

The last will and testament of the Piast duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, established rules for governance of the Polish kingdom by his four surviving sons after his death.

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Treaty of Breslau

The Treaty of Breslau was a preliminary peace agreement signed on 11 June 1742 following long negotiations at the Silesian capital Wrocław (Breslau) by emissaries of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria and King Frederick II of Prussia ending the First Silesian War.

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Treaty of Trentschin

The Treaty of Trentschin was concluded on 24 August 1335 between King Casimir III of Poland and King John of Bohemia as well as his son Margrave Charles IV.

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Tychy

Tychy (former Tichau) is a city in Silesia, Poland, approximately south of Katowice.

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Upper Silesia plebiscite

The Upper Silesia plebiscite was a plebiscite mandated by the Versailles Treaty and carried out on 20 March 1921 to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland.

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Upper Silesian Coal Basin

Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe, GZW, Hornoslezská uhelná pánev) is a coal basin in Silesia in Poland and Czech Republic.

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Upper Silesian Industrial Region

The Upper Silesian Industrial Region (Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy,, Polish abbreviation: GOP; Oberschlesisches Industriegebiet) is a large industrial region in Poland.

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Vistula

The Vistula (Wisła, Weichsel,, ווייסל), Висла) is the longest and largest river in Poland, at in length. The drainage basin area of the Vistula is, of which lies within Poland (54% of its land area). The remainder is in Belarus, Ukraine and Slovakia. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra in the south of Poland, above sea level in the Silesian Beskids (western part of Carpathian Mountains), where it begins with the White Little Vistula (Biała Wisełka) and the Black Little Vistula (Czarna Wisełka). It then continues to flow over the vast Polish plains, passing several large Polish cities along its way, including Kraków, Sandomierz, Warsaw, Płock, Włocławek, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Świecie, Grudziądz, Tczew and Gdańsk. It empties into the Vistula Lagoon (Zalew Wiślany) or directly into the Gdańsk Bay of the Baltic Sea with a delta and several branches (Leniwka, Przekop, Śmiała Wisła, Martwa Wisła, Nogat and Szkarpawa).

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Vratislaus I, Duke of Bohemia

Vratislaus (or Wratislaus) I (Vratislav I.; – 13 February 921), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 915 until his death.

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Władysław II the Exile

Vladislaus II the Exile (Władysław II Wygnaniec) (1105 – 30 May 1159) was a High Duke of Poland and Duke of Silesia from 1138 until his expulsion in 1146.

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Władysław Opolski

Władysław of Opole (Władysław opolski) (– 27 August/13 September 1281/2) was a Duke of Kalisz during 1234–1244, Duke of Wieluń from 1234 to 1249 and Duke of Opole–Racibórz from 1246 until his death.

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Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik) is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state during the years 1919 to 1933.

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Wodzisław Śląski

Wodzisław Śląski (Loslau, Vladislavia, Vladislav, Władźisłůw) is a town in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland with 50,493 inhabitants (2007).

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Wojciech Korfanty

Wojciech Korfanty (born Adalbert Korfanty, IPA) (20 April 1873 - 17 August 1939) was a Polish activist, journalist and politician, who served as a member of the German parliaments, the Reichstag and the Prussian Landtag, and later, in the Polish Sejm.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Wrocław

Wrocław (Breslau; Vratislav; Vratislavia) is the largest city in western Poland.

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Zabrze

Zabrze (German: 1915–1945: Hindenburg O.S., full form: Hindenburg in Oberschlesien, 1905–1915: Zabrze, Silesian: Zobrze) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Zaolzie

Zaolzie is the Polish name for an area now in the Czech Republic which was disputed between interwar Poland and Czechoslovakia.

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Zawiercie County

Zawiercie County (powiat zawierciański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Redirects here:

Gorny Slask, Górny Śląsk, Gůrny Ślůnsk, Horní Slezsko, Oberschlesien, Silesia Superior, Silesia, Upper, Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Silesia

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