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Vegetable

Index Vegetable

Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans as food as part of a meal. [1]

195 relations: Acetic acid, Adjective, Agribusiness, Agriculture, Agriculture in China, Amaranth, Amylase, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Annual plant, Antinutrient, Avocado, Axillary bud, Aztecs, Bamboo shoot, Bean, Beetroot, Bell pepper, Biennial plant, Blanching (cooking), Bok choy, Botany, Bread, Broccoli, Brussels sprout, Cabbage, Canning, Capsicum, Capsicum annuum, Carbohydrate, Carotenoid, Carrot, Cassava, Cauliflower, Celtuce, Cereal, Chaconine, Chard, Chinese cabbage, Cholinesterase, Chutney, Cloche (agriculture), Cold chain, Collard greens, Cucumber, Cucurbita, Cultivator, Cyanide, Daikon, Dietary fiber, ..., Drill, Dumpling, Edible flower, Edible plant stem, Edible seaweed, Eggplant, Elephant garlic, Emmer, Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, Fat, Fermentation, Fertile Crescent, Flowering plant, Food drying, Food quality, Food safety, Forage harvester, Forest gardening, Frozen food, Fruit, Gai lan, Garlic, Gastroenteritis, Global Positioning System, Glycoalkaloid, Glycoside, Gourd, Green bean, Greenhouse, Harrow (tool), Herbivore, History of agriculture, Horticultural fleece, Hunter-gatherer, Hunting, Inca Empire, International Organization for Standardization, Ionizing radiation, Irrigation, Japan, Kale, Kohlrabi, Lactic acid, Late Latin, Leaf vegetable, Leek, Legume, Lettuce, Lima bean, Linamarin, List of cucumber varieties, List of edible seeds, List of onion cultivars, List of root vegetables, List of sweet potato cultivars, List of tomato cultivars, List of vegetable dishes, List of vegetables, Lists of foods, Maize, Market garden, Medieval Latin, Microorganism, Mineral (nutrient), Moisture, Mushroom, Napa cabbage, Navy bean, Nix v. Hedden, Noodle, Norovirus, Nut (fruit), Nutrition, Old French, Onion, Orange (fruit), Ovary (botany), Oxalic acid, Pancake, Parsnip, Pea, Peach, Peanut, Perennial plant, Perennial vegetable, Phaseolus coccineus, Phytohaemagglutinin, Pickling, Plant, Plant pathology, Plastic mulch, Plough, Plum, Polytunnel, Porridge, Post-harvest losses (vegetables), Potato, Protease, Protein, Provitamin, Pumpkin, Quinoa, Radish, Red cabbage, Rutabaga, Salt, Sauerkraut, Savoy cabbage, Scallion, Scavenger, Sea beet, Shallot, Short ton, Snap pea, Snow pea, Solanine, Solar power, Soybean, Spinach, Split pea, Staple food, Subsistence agriculture, Sugar, Sugar beet, Supreme Court of the United States, Sweet potato, Tariff of 1883, Time immemorial, Tomato, Tortilla, Toxin, Transplanter, Turnip, Vegetable carving, Vicia faba, Vinegar, Vitamin, Vitamin A, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Yam (vegetable), Zucchini. Expand index (145 more) »

Acetic acid

Acetic acid, systematically named ethanoic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH (also written as CH3CO2H or C2H4O2).

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Adjective

In linguistics, an adjective (abbreviated) is a describing word, the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified.

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Agribusiness

Agribusiness is the business of agricultural production.

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Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.

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Agriculture in China

Agriculture is a vital industry in China, employing over 300 million farmers.

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Amaranth

Amaranthus, collectively known as amaranth, is a cosmopolitan genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants.

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Amylase

An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.

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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).

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Ancient Rome

In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.

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Annual plant

An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, within one year, and then dies.

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Antinutrient

Antinutrients are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients.

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Avocado

The avocado (Persea americana) is a tree, long thought to have originated in South Central Mexico, classified as a member of the flowering plant family Lauraceae.

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Axillary bud

The axillary bud (or lateral bud) is an embryonic shoot located in the axil of a leaf.

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Aztecs

The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521.

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Bamboo shoot

Bamboo shoots or bamboo sprouts are the edible shoots (new bamboo culms that come out of the ground) of many bamboo species including Bambusa vulgaris and Phyllostachys edulis.

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Bean

A bean is a seed of one of several genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae, which are used for human or animal food.

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Beetroot

The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.

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Bell pepper

The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper, pepper or capsicum) is a cultivar group of the species Capsicum annuum.

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Biennial plant

A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its biological lifecycle.

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Blanching (cooking)

Blanching is a cooking process wherein a food, usually a vegetable or fruit, is scalded in boiling water, removed after a brief, timed interval, and finally plunged into iced water or placed under cold running water (shocking or refreshing) to halt the cooking process.

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Bok choy

Bok choy, pak choi or pok choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) is a type of Chinese cabbage.

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Botany

Botany, also called plant science(s), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology.

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Bread

Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour and water, usually by baking.

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Broccoli

Broccoli is an edible green plant in the cabbage family whose large flowering head is eaten as a vegetable.

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Brussels sprout

The Brussels sprout is a member of the Gemmifera Group of cabbages (Brassica oleracea), grown for its edible buds.

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Cabbage

Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.

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Canning

Canning is a method of preserving food in which the food contents are processed and sealed in an airtight container.

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Capsicum

Capsicum (also known as peppers) is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae.

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Capsicum annuum

Capsicum annuum is a species of the plant genus Capsicum (peppers) native to southern North America and northern South America.

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Carbohydrate

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words, with the empirical formula (where m may be different from n).

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Carotenoid

Carotenoids, also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi.

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Carrot

The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist.

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Cassava

Manihot esculenta, commonly called cassava, manioc, yuca, mandioca and Brazilian arrowroot, is a woody shrub native to South America of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae.

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Cauliflower

Cauliflower is one of several vegetables in the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica, which is in the family Brassicaceae.

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Celtuce

Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. augustana,Masatoshi Yamaguchi angustata, or asparagina), also called stem lettuce, celery lettuce, asparagus lettuce, or Chinese lettuce, is a cultivar of lettuce grown primarily for its thick stem, or its leaves.

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Cereal

A cereal is any edible components of the grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis) of cultivated grass, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.

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Chaconine

α-Chaconine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family.

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Chard

Chard or Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Cicla-Group and Flavescens-Group) is a green leafy vegetable that can be used in Mediterranean cooking.

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Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa, subspecies pekinensis and chinensis) can refer to two groups of Chinese leaf vegetables often used in Chinese cuisine: the Pekinensis Group (napa cabbage) and the Chinensis Group (bok choy).

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Cholinesterase

In biochemistry, a cholinesterase or choline esterase is an esterase that lyses choline-based esters, several of which serve as neurotransmitters.

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Chutney

No description.

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Cloche (agriculture)

In agriculture and gardening, a cloche (from French, cloche for "bell") is a covering for protecting plants from cold temperatures.

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Cold chain

A cold chain or cool chain is a temperature-controlled supply chain.

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Collard greens

Collard greens (collards) describes certain loose-leafed cultivars of Brassica oleracea, the same species as many common vegetables, including cabbage (Capitata Group) and broccoli (Botrytis Group).

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Cucumber

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.

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Cucurbita

Cucurbita (Latin for gourd) is a genus of herbaceous vines in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae, also known as cucurbits, native to the Andes and Mesoamerica.

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Cultivator

A cultivator is any of several types of farm implement used for secondary tillage.

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Cyanide

A cyanide is a chemical compound that contains the group C≡N.

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Daikon

, also known by many other names depending on context, is a mild-flavored winter radish (Raphanus sativus variety (cultivar) 'Longipinnatus') usually characterized by fast-growing leaves and a long, white, root.

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Dietary fiber

Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants.

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Drill

A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for boring holes in various materials or fastening various materials together.

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Dumpling

Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling or of dough with no filling.

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Edible flower

Edible flowers are flowers that can be consumed safely.

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Edible plant stem

Edible plant stems are one part of plants that are eaten by humans.

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Edible seaweed

Edible seaweed, or sea vegetables, are algae that can be eaten and used in the preparation of food.

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Eggplant

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) or aubergine is a species of nightshade grown for its edible fruit.

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Elephant garlic

Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum) is a perennial plant belonging to the onion genus.

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Emmer

Emmer wheat, also known as farro especially in Italy, or hulled wheat, is a type of awned wheat.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Enzyme inhibitor

4QI9) An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.

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Fat

Fat is one of the three main macronutrients, along with carbohydrate and protein.

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Fermentation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen.

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Fertile Crescent

The Fertile Crescent (also known as the "cradle of civilization") is a crescent-shaped region where agriculture and early human civilizations like the Sumer and Ancient Egypt flourished due to inundations from the surrounding Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris rivers.

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Flowering plant

The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approximately 13,164 known genera and c. 295,383 known species.

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Food drying

Food drying is a method of food preservation in which food is dried (dehydrated or desiccated).

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Food quality

Food quality is the quality characteristics of food that is acceptable to consumers.

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Food safety

Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent food-borne illness.

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Forage harvester

A forage harvester (also known as a silage harvester, forager or chopper) is a farm implement that harvests forage plants to make silage.

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Forest gardening

Forest gardening is a low-maintenance sustainable plant-based food production and agroforestry system based on woodland ecosystems, incorporating fruit and nut trees, shrubs, herbs, vines and perennial vegetables which have yields directly useful to humans.

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Frozen food

Freezing food preserves it from the time it is prepared to the time it is eaten.

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Fruit

In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering.

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Gai lan

Gai lan (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) is the Cantonese name and jie lan is the Mandarin name for a vegetable that is also known as Chinese broccoli or Chinese kale.

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Garlic

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, Allium.

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Gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract -- the stomach and small intestine.

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Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force.

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Glycoalkaloid

Glycoalkaloids are a family of chemical compounds derived from alkaloids in which sugar groups are appended.

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Glycoside

In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond.

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Gourd

A gourd is a plant of the family Cucurbitaceae, particularly Cucurbita and Lagenaria or the fruit of the two genera of Bignoniaceae "calabash tree", Crescentia and Amphitecna.

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Green bean

Green beans are the unripe, young fruit and protective pods of various cultivars of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).

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Greenhouse

A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse) is a structure with walls and roof made mainly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown.

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Harrow (tool)

In agriculture, a harrow (often called a set of harrows in a plurale tantum sense) is an implement for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the soil.

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Herbivore

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet.

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History of agriculture

The history of agriculture records the domestication of plants and animals and the development and dissemination of techniques for raising them productively.

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Horticultural fleece

Horticultural fleece is a thin, unwoven, polypropylene fabric which is used as a floating mulch to protect both late and early crops and delicate plants from cold weather and frost, as well as insect pests during the normal growing season.

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Hunter-gatherer

A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals), in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.

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Hunting

Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping animals, or pursuing or tracking them with the intent of doing so.

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Inca Empire

The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, "The Four Regions"), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century.

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International Organization for Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.

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Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

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Irrigation

Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Kale

Kale or leaf cabbage are certain cultivars of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) grown for their edible leaves.

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Kohlrabi

Kohlrabi (from the German; German turnip or turnip cabbage; Brassica oleracea Gongylodes Group) is a biennial vegetable, a low, stout cultivar of wild cabbage.

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Lactic acid

Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)COOH.

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Late Latin

Late Latin is the scholarly name for the written Latin of Late Antiquity.

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Leaf vegetable

Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, salad greens, pot herbs, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable, sometimes accompanied by tender petioles and shoots.

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Leek

The leek is a vegetable, a cultivar of Allium ampeloprasum, the broadleaf wild leek.

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Legume

A legume is a plant or its fruit or seed in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae).

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Lettuce

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.

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Lima bean

Phaseolus lunatus, commonly known as the lima bean, butter bean, sieva bean, or Madagascar bean, is a legume grown for its edible seeds or beans.

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Linamarin

Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in the leaves and roots of plants such as cassava, lima beans, and flax.

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List of cucumber varieties

This is a list of varieties or cultivars of cucumber, a widely cultivated vine in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.

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List of edible seeds

An edible seed is a seed that is suitable for human or animal consumption.

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List of onion cultivars

There are dozens of cultivars of the onion (Allium cepa), one of the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, But there are also other species cultivated as 'onions'.

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List of root vegetables

Root vegetables are plant roots and tubers eaten by humans as food.

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List of sweet potato cultivars

This list of sweet potato cultivars provides some information about varieties and cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas).

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List of tomato cultivars

There are over 10,000 tomato cultivars.

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List of vegetable dishes

This is a list of vegetable dishes.

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List of vegetables

This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables.

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Lists of foods

This is a categorically-organized list of foods.

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Maize

Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, from maíz after Taíno mahiz), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.

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Market garden

A market garden is the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants.

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Medieval Latin

Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange, as the liturgical language of Chalcedonian Christianity and the Roman Catholic Church, and as a language of science, literature, law, and administration.

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Microorganism

A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.

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Mineral (nutrient)

In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions necessary for life.

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Moisture

Moisture is the presence of a liquid, especially water, often in trace amounts.

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Mushroom

A mushroom, or toadstool, is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source.

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Napa cabbage

Napa or nappa cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis or Brassica rapa Pekinensis Group) is a type of Chinese cabbage originating near the Beijing region of China, and is widely used in East Asian cuisine.

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Navy bean

The navy bean, haricot, pearl haricot bean, boston bean,Anne Willan white pea bean, or pea bean, is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) native to the Americas, where it was domesticated.

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Nix v. Hedden

Nix v. Hedden,, was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that, under U.S. customs regulations, the tomato should be classified as a vegetable rather than a fruit.

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Noodle

Noodles are a staple food in many cultures.

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Norovirus

Norovirus, sometimes referred to as the winter vomiting bug, is the most common cause of gastroenteritis.

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Nut (fruit)

A nut is a fruit composed of an inedible hard shell and a seed, which is generally edible.

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Nutrition

Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.

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Old French

Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; Modern French: ancien français) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century.

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Onion

The onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium.

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Orange (fruit)

The orange is the fruit of the citrus species ''Citrus'' × ''sinensis'' in the family Rutaceae.

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Ovary (botany)

In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium.

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Oxalic acid

Oxalic acid is an organic compound with the formula C2H2O4.

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Pancake

A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.

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Parsnip

The parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) is a root vegetable closely related to the carrot and parsley.

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Pea

The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum.

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Peach

The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated.

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Peanut

The peanut, also known as the groundnut or the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.

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Perennial plant

A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years.

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Perennial vegetable

Perennial vegetables vegetables that are perennial, meaning the plants can live for more than two years.

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Phaseolus coccineus

Phaseolus coccineus, known as runner bean, scarlet runner bean, or multiflora bean, is a plant in the legume or Fabaceae family.

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Phytohaemagglutinin

Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, or phytohemagglutinin) is a lectin found in plants, especially certain legumes.

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Pickling

Pickling is the process of preserving or expanding the lifespan of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar.

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Plant

Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.

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Plant pathology

Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors).

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Plastic mulch

Plastic mulch is a product used, in a similar fashion to mulch, to suppress weeds and conserve water in crop production and landscaping.

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Plough

A plough (UK) or plow (US; both) is a tool or farm implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil.

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Plum

A plum is a fruit of the subgenus Prunus of the genus Prunus. The subgenus is distinguished from other subgenera (peaches, cherries, bird cherries, etc.) in the shoots having terminal bud and solitary side buds (not clustered), the flowers in groups of one to five together on short stems, and the fruit having a groove running down one side and a smooth stone (or pit).

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Polytunnel

A polytunnel (also known as a polyhouse, hoop greenhouse or hoophouse, grow tunnel or high tunnel) is a tunnel typically made from steel and covered in polythene, usually semi-circular, square or elongated in shape.

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Porridge

Porridge (also historically spelled porage, porrige, parritch) is a food commonly eaten as a breakfast cereal dish, made by boiling ground, crushed or chopped starchy plants—typically grain—in water or milk.

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Post-harvest losses (vegetables)

The post-harvest sector includes all points in the value chain from production in the field to the food being placed on a plate for consumption.

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Potato

The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum.

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Protease

A protease (also called a peptidase or proteinase) is an enzyme that performs proteolysis: protein catabolism by hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Provitamin

A provitamin is a substance that may be converted within the body to a vitamin.

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Pumpkin

A pumpkin is a cultivar of a squash plant, most commonly of Cucurbita pepo, that is round, with smooth, slightly ribbed skin, and deep yellow to orange coloration.

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Quinoa

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa; (or, from Quechua kinwa or kinuwa) is a flowering plant in the amaranth family. It is a herbaceous annual plant grown as a grain crop primarily for its edible seeds. Quinoa is not a grass, but rather a pseudocereal botanically related to spinach and amaranth (Amaranthus spp.). Quinoa provides protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins, and dietary minerals in rich amounts above those of wheat, corn, rice or oats. It is gluten-free. After harvest, the seeds are processed to remove the bitter-tasting outer seed coat. Quinoa originated in the Andean region of northwestern South America, and was domesticated 3,000 to 4,000 years ago for human consumption in the Lake Titicaca basin of Peru and Bolivia, though archaeological evidence shows livestock uses 5,200 to 7,000 years ago.

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Radish

The radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times.

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Red cabbage

The red cabbage (purple-leaved varieties of Brassica oleracea Capitata Group) is a kind of cabbage, also known as purple cabbage, red kraut, or blue kraut after preparation.

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Rutabaga

The rutabaga (from Swedish dialectal word rotabagge), swede (from Swedish turnip, being introduced from Sweden), or neep (from its Latin name Brassica napobrassica) is a root vegetable that originated as a cross between the cabbage and the turnip.

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Salt

Salt, table salt or common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite.

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Sauerkraut

Sauerkraut is finely cut cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria.

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Savoy cabbage

Savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L. or Brassica oleracea Savoy Cabbage Group), is a variety of the plant species Brassica oleracea.

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Scallion

Scallions (green onion, spring onion and salad onion) are vegetables of various Allium onion species.

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Scavenger

Scavenging is both a carnivorous and a herbivorous feeding behavior in which the scavenger feeds on dead animal and plant material present in its habitat.

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Sea beet

The sea beet, Beta vulgaris subsp.

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Shallot

The shallot is a type of onion, specifically a botanical variety of the species Allium cepa.

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Short ton

The short ton is a unit of weight equal to.

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Snap pea

The snap pea (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon), also known as the sugar snap pea, is a cultivar group of edible-podded peas.

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Snow pea

The snow pea (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum) is a variety of pea eaten whole in its pod while still unripe.

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Solanine

Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family within the genus Solanum, such as the potato (Solanum tuberosum), the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and the eggplant (Solanum melongena).

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Solar power

Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), indirectly using concentrated solar power, or a combination.

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Soybean

The soybean (Glycine max), or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses.

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Spinach

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is an edible flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae native to central and western Asia.

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Split pea

Split peas are an agricultural or culinary preparation consisting of the dried, peeled and split seeds of Pisum sativum, the pea.

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Staple food

A staple food, or simply a staple, is a food that is eaten routinely and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for a given people, supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well.

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Subsistence agriculture

Subsistence agriculture is a self-sufficiency farming system in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their entire families.

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Sugar

Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.

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Sugar beet

A sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.

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Sweet potato

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.

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Tariff of 1883

In United States tax law history, the Tariff of 1883 (signed into law on March 3, 1883), also known as the Mongrel Tariff Act by its critics, reduced high tariff rates only marginally, and left in place fairly strong protectionist barriers.

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Time immemorial

Time immemorial (temps immémorial) is a phrase meaning time extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition, indefinitely ancient, "ancient beyond memory or record".

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Tomato

The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit/berry of the plant Solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as a tomato plant.

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Tortilla

A tortilla) is a type of thin, unleavened flatbread, typically made from corn or wheat. In Spanish, "tortilla" means "small torta", or "small cake". It was first made by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica prior to European contact. The Aztecs and other Nahuatl speakers call tortillas tlaxcalli.Nahuatl Dictionary. (1997). Wired Humanities Project. University of Oregon. Retrieved August 29, 2012, from.

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Toxin

A toxin (from toxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded.

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Transplanter

A transplanter is an agricultural machine used for transplanting seedlings to the field.

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Turnip

The turnip or white turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, bulbous taproot.

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Vegetable carving

Vegetable carving is the art of carving vegetables to form beautiful objects, such as flowers or birds.

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Vicia faba

Vicia faba, also known as the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, field bean, bell bean, or tic bean, is a species of flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae.

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Vinegar

Vinegar is a liquid consisting of about 5–20% acetic acid (CH3COOH), water (H2O), and trace chemicals that may include flavorings.

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Vitamin

A vitamin is an organic molecule (or related set of molecules) which is an essential micronutrient - that is, a substance which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism - but cannot synthesize it (either at all, or in sufficient quantities), and therefore it must be obtained through the diet.

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Vitamin A

Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene).

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Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 refers to a group of chemically similar compounds which can be interconverted in biological systems.

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Vitamin C

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.

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Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.

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Vitamin K

Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that the human body requires for complete synthesis of certain proteins that are prerequisites for blood coagulation (K from Koagulation, Danish for "coagulation") and which the body also needs for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues.

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Yam (vegetable)

Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers.

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Zucchini

The zucchini (American English) or courgette (British English) is a summer squash which can reach nearly in length, but is usually harvested when still immature at about.

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Culinary vegetable, Culture of vegetables, Fruit vegetable, Garden vegetable, Salad vegetable, Salad vegetables, Veg, Veg., Vegatable, Vege, Vegetable proteins, Vegetables, Veggie, Vegie, Vegies, Vegitable, Vegitables, Vegtables, Yellow-orange vegetables.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable

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