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310 relations: Aberdeen, Adhesion railway, Adolf Klose, Air pump, Alphonse de Lamartine, Alternating current, Amsterdam, Ancient Greece, Aqueduct (bridge), Arcot, Vellore, Arthur Cotton, Émile Zola, Balloon loop, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Baltimore Belt Line, Bedlington Ironworks, Belgium, Benjamin Outram, Berlin, Berlin-Lichterfelde West station, Bessemer process, Bijan Omrani, Birmingham, Blackett of Wylam, Blast furnace, Bloomsbury, Bogie, Bori Bunder railway station, Brighton, Broad-gauge railway, Broseley, Brown, Boveri & Cie, Brussels, Bury Bar Frame locomotive, Bury, Curtis and Kennedy, Butterley Company, Caldbeck, Canadian National Railway, Canal, Cast iron, Catch Me Who Can, Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad, Charing Cross railway station, Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown, Charles Tupper, Charnwood Forest Canal, Chennai, Chinsurah, Chintadripet, Coal mining, ..., Coalbrookdale, Coke (fuel), Commutator (electric), Condenser (heat transfer), Confederate railroads in the American Civil War, Corn Belt, Cornwall, Crampton locomotive, Crewe, Cumbria, Darlington, De Arend (locomotive), De re metallica, Diesel locomotive, Diolkos, Direct current, Direct drive mechanism, Dowleswaram, E. B. Wilson and Company, East Indian Railway Company, Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, Egypt (Roman province), Euston railway station, Fenchurch Street railway station, Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México, Fire-tube boiler, Flange, Flywheel, Fortress Hohensalzburg, Frank J. Sprague, Frankfurt, Freiburg Minster, Friedrich List, Funicular, Galvanic cell, GE 44-ton switcher, Gear, General Electric, George Bradshaw, George Stephenson, Georges Raepsaet, Georgius Agricola, German mines at Caldbeck, Godavari River, Government-granted monopoly, Grade separation, Grand Junction Railway, Grand Trunk Railway, Great Britain, Great Indian Peninsula Railway, Greece, Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway, Haarlem, Hackney carriage, Heilmann locomotive, Hemp, Henry Booth, Henry Cort, Hermann Lemp, High-speed rail, Historical sizes of railroads, History of Canada, Horsecar, Hot blast, Howrah, Huntingdon Beaumont, Hydroelectricity, India, Industrial Revolution, Industrialisation, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Institution of Engineering and Technology, Iran, Irun, Isthmus of Corinth, Jack Simmons (historian), James Beaumont Neilson, James J. Hill, James Watt, Japan, Jenny Lind locomotive, John Birkinshaw, John Blenkinsop, John Curr, Joseph Howe, Joy valve gear, Karachi, Kálmán Kandó, Killingworth, Killingworth locomotives, Kingdom of Sardinia, Kolkata, Kotri, Lake Lock Rail Road, Land speed record for rail vehicles, Latin American economy, Lauffen am Neckar, Leeds, Leicestershire, Leland H. Jenks, Leonard Percy de Wolfe Tilley, Lewiston (town), New York, Liberalization, Lichterfelde (Berlin), Limestone, Liverpool, Liverpool and Manchester Railway, Locomotion No. 1, London, London and Birmingham Railway, London and Brighton Railway, London King's Cross railway station, London Paddington station, London Victoria station, London Waterloo station, Long Boiler locomotive, Loughborough, Louisbourg, Madras Railway, Manchester, Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon, Mataró, Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, Matthew Murray, Matthias W. Baldwin, Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram, Mechelen, Mediterranean Sea, Merthyr Tydfil, Metropolitan Railway, Middleton Railway, Minimum railway curve radius, Montreal, Mumbai, Mumbles, Nanpantan, Nederlandse Spoorwegen, Netherlands, New York City, North Midland Railway, North West England, Northeastern United States, Northumberland, Nottingham, Novelty (locomotive), Ogden, Utah, Oldest railroads in North America, Oliver Evans, Ontario, Open hearth furnace, Osaka, Overhead line, Pakistan Railways, Panic of 1873, Paris, Patentee (locomotive), Peninsular Spain, Penydarren, Permanent way (history), Perseverance (steam locomotive), Plateway, Port of Hull, Prescot, Priestman Brothers, Prototype, Puddling (metallurgy), Puffing Billy (locomotive), Quebec, Rack railway, Railway and Canal Historical Society, Railway spine, Rainhill Trials, Rajahmundry, Reciprocating engine, Red Hills, Chennai, Regenerative brake, Reisszug, Reluctance motor, Richard Trevithick, Richmond Union Passenger Railway, Right-of-way (transportation), River Severn, Robert Davidson (inventor), Robert Stephenson, Rolling (metalworking), Roorkee, Rotary phase converter, Royal Saxon State Railways, Royal Scottish Society of Arts, Royapuram, Rudolf Diesel, Saint-Étienne to Andrézieux Railway, Salamanca (locomotive), Sans Pareil, Scandinavia, Science Museum, London, Sealdah, Second Italian War of Independence, Sharp, Stewart and Company, Shropshire, South Korea, South Wales, Stafford, Standard-gauge railway, Stationary engine, Steam engine, Steam locomotive, Stellarton, Stephenson's Rocket, Stockton and Darlington Railway, Stockton-on-Tees, Strelley Village, Sulzer (manufacturer), Surrey Iron Railway, Swansea, Swansea and Mumbles Railway, Switcher, Switzerland, Tōkaidō Shinkansen, Thane, The World's Work, Thomas Edison, Thomas Gray (1788–1848), Thomas Newcomen, Three-phase electric power, Timeline of railway history, Tokyo, Track (rail transport), Track gauge, Traffic congestion, Tram, Trams in Lugano, Tramway (industrial), Trans-Iranian Railway, Treadwheel, Turnpike trusts, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of the Netherlands, United States, Valtellina, Volk's Electric Railway, Waggonfabrik Rastatt, Wagonway, Wales, Wall Street, Werner von Siemens, William Dent Priestman, William Hedley, William James (railway promoter), William Jessop, William Murdoch, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Wollaton, Wollaton Wagonway, Wolverhampton, Wrought iron, Wylam, 0-6-0, 2-2-2, 4-2-0. 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Aberdeen
Aberdeen (Aiberdeen,; Obar Dheathain; Aberdonia) is Scotland's third most populous city, one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas and the United Kingdom's 37th most populous built-up area, with an official population estimate of 196,670 for the city of Aberdeen and for the local authority area.
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Adhesion railway
An adhesion railway relies on adhesion traction to move the train.
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Adolf Klose
Adolf Klose (1844–1923) was the chief engineer of the Royal Württemberg State Railways in southern Germany from June 1885 to 1896.
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Air pump
An air pump is a device for pushing air.
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Alphonse de Lamartine
Alphonse Marie Louis de Prat de Lamartine, Knight of Pratz (21 October 179028 February 1869), was a French writer, poet and politician who was instrumental in the foundation of the Second Republic and the continuation of the Tricolore as the flag of France.
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Alternating current
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.
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Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the capital and most populous municipality of the Netherlands.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).
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Aqueduct (bridge)
Bridges for conveying water, called aqueducts or water bridges, are constructed to convey watercourses across gaps such as valleys or ravines.
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Arcot, Vellore
Arcot is a town and urban of Vellore city in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.
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Arthur Cotton
General Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton (15 May 1803 – 24 July 1899) was a British general and irrigation engineer.
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Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a French novelist, playwright, journalist, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism.
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Balloon loop
A balloon loop, turning loop or reversing loop (North American) allows a rail vehicle or train to reverse direction without having to shunt or even stop.
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Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was the first common carrier railroad and the oldest railroad in the United States, with its first section opening in 1830.
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Baltimore Belt Line
The Baltimore Belt Line was constructed by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in the early 1890s to connect the railroad's newly constructed line to Philadelphia and New York City/Jersey City with the rest of the railroad at Baltimore, Maryland.
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Bedlington Ironworks
Bedlington Ironworks, in Blyth Dene, Northumberland, England, operated between 1736 and 1867.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Benjamin Outram
Benjamin Outram (1 April 1764 – 22 May 1805) was an English civil engineer, surveyor and industrialist.
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Berlin
Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.
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Berlin-Lichterfelde West station
Berlin-Lichterfelde West (in German Bahnhof Berlin-Lichterfelde West) is a railway station in the district of Lichterfelde within the city of Berlin, Germany.
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Bessemer process
The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace.
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Bijan Omrani
Bijan Omrani is a British Classical scholar of Persian descent, historian, journalist, teacher and author.
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Birmingham
Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England, with an estimated population of 1,101,360, making it the second most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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Blackett of Wylam
The Blacketts of Wylam were a branch of the Blackett family of Hoppyland, County Durham, England and were related to the Blackett baronets.
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Blast furnace
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper.
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Bloomsbury
Bloomsbury is an area of the London Borough of Camden, between Euston Road and Holborn.
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Bogie
A bogie (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework carrying wheelsets, attached to a vehicle, thus serving as a modular subassembly of wheels and axles.
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Bori Bunder railway station
Bori Bunder railway station was a railway station, situated at Bori Bunder, Mumbai, Maharashtra, in India.
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Brighton
Brighton is a seaside resort on the south coast of England which is part of the city of Brighton and Hove, East Sussex, 47 miles (75 km) south of London.
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Broad-gauge railway
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge broader than the standard-gauge railways.
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Broseley
Broseley is a small town in Shropshire, England, with a population of 4,912 (2001 census), increasing to 4,929 at the 2011 Census.
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Brown, Boveri & Cie
Brown, Boveri (BBC) was a Swiss group of electrical engineering companies.
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Brussels
Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the de jure capital of Belgium.
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Bury Bar Frame locomotive
The Bury Bar Frame locomotive was an early type of steam locomotive, developed at the works of Edward Bury and Company, later named Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy.
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Bury, Curtis and Kennedy
Bury, Curtis and Kennedy was a steam locomotive manufacturer in Liverpool, England.
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Butterley Company
The Butterley Company was an English manufacturing firm founded as Benjamin Outram and Company in 1790.
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Caldbeck
Caldbeck is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Allerdale, Cumbria, England.
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Canadian National Railway
The Canadian National Railway Company (Compagnie des chemins de fer nationaux du Canada) is a Canadian Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec that serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States.
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Canal
Canals, or navigations, are human-made channels, or artificial waterways, for water conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles.
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Cast iron
Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.
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Catch Me Who Can
Catch Me Who Can was the fourth and last steam railway locomotive created by the inventor and mining engineer Richard Trevithick.
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Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad
The Champlain and St.
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Charing Cross railway station
Charing Cross railway station (also known as London Charing Cross) is a central London railway terminus between the Strand and Hungerford Bridge in the City of Westminster.
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Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown
200px Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown (17 June 1863 – 2 May 1924) founded Brown, Boveri & Cie (BBC) — later ASEA Brown Boveri (ABB) — with Walter Boveri.
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Charles Tupper
Sir Charles Tupper, 1st Baronet, (July 2, 1821 – October 30, 1915) was a Canadian father of Confederation: as the Premier of Nova Scotia from 1864 to 1867, he led Nova Scotia into Confederation.
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Charnwood Forest Canal
The Charnwood Forest Canal, sometimes known as the "Forest Line of the Leicester Navigation", was opened between Thringstone and Nanpantan, with a further connection to Barrow Hill, near Worthington, in 1794 It marks the beginning of a period of history that saw the introduction of railways to supplement canals and, in the end, superseding them, leading eventually to the Midland Counties Railway.
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Chennai
Chennai (formerly known as Madras or) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
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Chinsurah
Chinsurah (also known as Hooghly-Chinsura or Hooghly) is a city in the state of West Bengal, India.
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Chintadripet
Chintadripet ('originally Chinna Thari Pettai) is a locality in Chennai, in India.
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Coal mining
Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground.
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Coalbrookdale
Coalbrookdale is a village in the Ironbridge Gorge in Shropshire, England, containing a settlement of great significance in the history of iron ore smelting.
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Coke (fuel)
Coke is a fuel with a high carbon content and few impurities, usually made from coal.
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Commutator (electric)
A commutator is a rotary electrical switch in certain types of electric motors and electrical generators that periodically reverses the current direction between the rotor and the external circuit.
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Condenser (heat transfer)
In systems involving heat transfer, a condenser is a device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state, by cooling it.
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Confederate railroads in the American Civil War
During the American Civil War, the Confederate States Army depended heavily on railroads to get supplies to its lines.
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Corn Belt
The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States.
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Cornwall
Cornwall (Kernow) is a county in South West England in the United Kingdom.
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Crampton locomotive
A Crampton locomotive is a type of steam locomotive designed by Thomas Russell Crampton and built by various firms from 1846.
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Crewe
Crewe ('Cryw' in Welsh) is a railway town and civil parish within the borough of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.
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Cumbria
Cumbria is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in North West England.
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Darlington
Darlington is a large market town in County Durham, in North East England.
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De Arend (locomotive)
De Arend (the eagle) was one of the two first steam locomotives in the Netherlands.
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De re metallica
De re metallica (Latin for On the Nature of Metals) is a book cataloguing the state of the art of mining, refining, and smelting metals, published a year posthumously in 1556 due to a delay in preparing woodcuts for the text.
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Diesel locomotive
A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine.
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Diolkos
The Diolkos (Δίολκος, from the Greek διά, dia "across" and ὁλκός, holkos "portage machine") was a paved trackway near Corinth in Ancient Greece which enabled boats to be moved overland across the Isthmus of Corinth.
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Direct current
Direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge.
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Direct drive mechanism
A direct drive mechanism is one that takes the power coming from a motor without any reductions (such as a gearbox).
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Dowleswaram
Dowleswaram is a part of Rajahmundry Municipal Corporation in East Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
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E. B. Wilson and Company
E.
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East Indian Railway Company
The East Indian Railway Company, also known as the East Indian Railway (EIR), introduced railways to eastern and northern India, while the Companies such as the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, South Indian Railway, Central India Railway and the North-Western Railway operated in other parts of India.
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Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway
The Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway was authorised by Act of Parliament on 4 July 1838.
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Egypt (Roman province)
The Roman province of Egypt (Aigyptos) was established in 30 BC after Octavian (the future emperor Augustus) defeated his rival Mark Antony, deposed Queen Cleopatra VII, and annexed the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt to the Roman Empire.
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Euston railway station
Euston railway station (also known as London Euston) is a central London railway terminus on Euston Road in the London Borough of Camden, managed by Network Rail.
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Fenchurch Street railway station
Fenchurch Street railway station, also known as London Fenchurch Street, is a central London railway terminus in the southeastern corner of the City of London.
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Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México
Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México, (better known as N de M) was Mexico's state owned railroad company from 1938 to 1998, and prior to 1938 (dating from the regime of Porfirio Díaz) a major railroad controlled by the government that linked Mexico City to the major cities of Nuevo Laredo and Ciudad Juárez on the U.S. border.
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Fire-tube boiler
A fire-tube boiler is a type of boiler in which hot gases pass from a fire through one or (many) more tubes running through a sealed container of water.
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Flange
A flange is an external or internal ridge, or rim (lip), for strength, as the flange of an iron beam such as an I-beam or a T-beam; or for attachment to another object, as the flange on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc., or on the lens mount of a camera; or for a flange of a rail car or tram wheel.
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Flywheel
A flywheel is a mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.
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Fortress Hohensalzburg
Fortress Hohensalzburg (Festung Hohensalzburg, literally "High Salzburg Fortress") sits atop the Festungsberg, a small hill in the Austrian city of Salzburg.
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Frank J. Sprague
Frank Julian Sprague (July 25, 1857 in Milford, Connecticut – October 25, 1934) was an American naval officer and inventor who contributed to the development of the electric motor, electric railways, and electric elevators.
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Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially the City of Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt on the Main"), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany.
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Freiburg Minster
Freiburg Minster (Freiburger Münster or Münster Unserer Lieben Frau) is the cathedral of Freiburg im Breisgau, southwest Germany.
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Friedrich List
Georg Friedrich List (6 August 1789 – 30 November 1846) was a German economist with dual American citizenship who developed the "National System", also known as the National System of Innovation.
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Funicular
A funicular is one of the modes of transport, along with a cable railway and an inclined elevator, which uses a cable traction for movement on a steep slope.
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Galvanic cell
A galvanic cell, or voltaic cell, named after Luigi Galvani, or Alessandro Volta respectively, is an electrochemical cell that derives electrical energy from spontaneous redox reactions taking place within the cell.
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GE 44-ton switcher
The GE 44-ton switcher is a 4-axle diesel-electric locomotive built by General Electric between 1940 and 1956.
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Gear
A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut like teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque.
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General Electric
General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate incorporated in New York and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts.
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George Bradshaw
George Bradshaw (29 July 1800 – 6 September 1853) was an English cartographer, printer and publisher.
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George Stephenson
George Stephenson (9 June 1781 – 12 August 1848) was a British civil engineer and mechanical engineer.
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Georges Raepsaet
Georges Raepsaet (born 3 August 1947) is a Belgian classical archaeologist and historian of antiquity.
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Georgius Agricola
Georgius Agricola (24 March 1494 – 21 November 1555) was a German mineralogist and metallurgist.
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German mines at Caldbeck
The German mines at Caldbeck were part of the operations of the Company of Mines Royal in Caldbeck, which introduced German miners from modern day Austria and Bavaria into the Lake District in 1563, though earlier works in the area are thought to have been begun in the 1300s.
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Godavari River
The Godavari is India's second longest river after the Ganga.
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Government-granted monopoly
In economics, a government-granted monopoly (also called a "de jure monopoly") is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or service; potential competitors are excluded from the market by law, regulation, or other mechanisms of government enforcement.
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Grade separation
Grade separation is the name given to a method of aligning a junction of two or more surface transport axes at different heights (grades) so that they will not disrupt the traffic flow on other transit routes when they cross each other.
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Grand Junction Railway
The Grand Junction Railway (GJR) was an early railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed between 1833 and 1846 when it was amalgamated with other railways to form the London and North Western Railway.
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Grand Trunk Railway
The Grand Trunk Railway was a railway system that operated in the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario, and in the American states of Connecticut, Maine, Michigan, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont.
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Great Britain
Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe.
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Great Indian Peninsula Railway
The Great Indian Peninsula Railway was a predecessor of the Central Railway, whose headquarters was at the Boree Bunder in Mumbai (later, the Victoria Terminus and presently the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus).
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Greece
No description.
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Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway
The Gross Lichterfelde Tramway was the world's first electric tramway.
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Haarlem
Haarlem (predecessor of Harlem in the English language) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands.
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Hackney carriage
A hackney or hackney carriage (also called a cab, black cab, hack or London taxi) is a carriage or automobile for hire.
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Heilmann locomotive
The Heilmann locomotives were a series of three experimental steam-electric locomotives produced in the 1890s for the French Chemins de Fer de l'Ouest (CF de l'Ouest).
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Hemp
Hemp, or industrial hemp (from Old English hænep), typically found in the northern hemisphere, is a variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for the industrial uses of its derived products.
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Henry Booth
Henry Booth (4 April 1788 – 28 March 1869) was born in Rodney Street, Liverpool, England.
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Henry Cort
Henry Cort (c. 1740 – 23 May 1800) was an English ironmaster.
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Hermann Lemp
Hermann Lemp born: Heinrich Joseph Hermann Lemp (August 8, 1862 – March 31, 1954) was a Swiss-American electrical engineer; he is credited as the inventor of the modern system of diesel electric traction co-ordination and control.
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High-speed rail
High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.
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Historical sizes of railroads
By 1948, there were 14 railroads in North America with more than 1000 locomotives in service each.
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History of Canada
The history of Canada covers the period from the arrival of Paleo-Indians thousands of years ago to the present day.
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Horsecar
A horsecar, or horse-drawn tram, is an animal-powered (usually horse) tram or streetcar.
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Hot blast
Hot blast refers to the preheating of air blown into a blast furnace or other metallurgical process.
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Howrah
Howrah or Haora, is the second largest city in West Bengal, India, after Kolkata.
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Huntingdon Beaumont
Huntingdon Beaumont (c.1560–1624) was an English coal mining entrepreneur who built two of the earliest wagonways in England for trans-shipment of coal.
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Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
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Industrialisation
Industrialisation or industrialization is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society, involving the extensive re-organisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing.
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey.
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Institution of Engineering and Technology
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is a multidisciplinary professional engineering institution.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Irun
Irun (Irún, Irun) is a town of the Bidasoaldea region in the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Autonomous Community, Spain.
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Isthmus of Corinth
The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow land bridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the rest of the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth.
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Jack Simmons (historian)
Jack Simmons OBE (30 August 1915 – 3 September 2000) was an English transport historian and emeritus professor of history at University of Leicester, known as a specialist in railway history.
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James Beaumont Neilson
James Beaumont Neilson (22 June 1792 – 18 January 1865) was a Scottish inventor whose hot-blast process greatly increased the efficiency of smelting iron.
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James J. Hill
James Jerome Hill (September 16, 1838 – May 29, 1916), was a Canadian-American railroad executive.
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James Watt
James Watt (30 January 1736 (19 January 1736 OS) – 25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1781, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.
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Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
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Jenny Lind locomotive
The Jenny Lind locomotive was the first of a class of ten steam locomotives built in 1847 for the London Brighton and South Coast Railway by E. B. Wilson and Company of Leeds, named after Jenny Lind, who was a famous opera singer of the period.
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John Birkinshaw
John Birkinshaw was a 19th-century railway engineer from Bedlington, Northumberland noted for his invention of wrought iron rails in 1820.
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John Blenkinsop
John Blenkinsop (1783 – 22 January 1831) was an English mining engineer and an inventor of steam locomotives, who designed the first practical railway locomotive.
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John Curr
John Curr (c. 1756 – 27 January 1823) was the manager or viewer of the Duke of Norfolk's collieries in Sheffield, England from 1781 to 1801.
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Joseph Howe
Joseph Howe, (December 13, 1804 – June 1, 1873) was a Nova Scotian journalist, politician, public servant, and poet.
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Joy valve gear
Joy Valve Gear Diagram Joy valve gear is a type of steam locomotive valve gear, designed by David Joy (3 March 1825 – 1903), Locomotive and Marine engineer, and patented (no. 929) on 8 March 1879.
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Karachi
Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.
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Kálmán Kandó
Kálmán Kandó de Egerfarmos et Sztregova (egerfarmosi és sztregovai Kandó Kálmán; July 10, 1869 – January 13, 1931) was a Hungarian engineer, and a pioneer in the development of electric railway traction.
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Killingworth
Killingworth, formerly Killingworth Township, is a town north of Newcastle Upon Tyne, in North Tyneside, England.
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Killingworth locomotives
George Stephenson built a number of experimental steam locomotives to work in the Killingworth Colliery between 1814 and 1826.
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Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of SardiniaThe name of the state was originally Latin: Regnum Sardiniae, or Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae when the kingdom was still considered to include Corsica.
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Kolkata
Kolkata (also known as Calcutta, the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal.
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Kotri
Kotri (ڪوٽڙي, کوٹری) a small city and the headquarters of the Kotri taluka of Jamshoro district of Sindh province in Pakistan.
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Lake Lock Rail Road
The Lake Lock Railway was an early narrow gauge railway built near Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England.
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Land speed record for rail vehicles
Determination of the fastest rail vehicle in the world varies depending on the definition of "rail".
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Latin American economy
Latin America as a region has multiple nation-states, with varying levels of economic complexity.
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Lauffen am Neckar
(Lauffen) is a town in the district of Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
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Leeds
Leeds is a city in the metropolitan borough of Leeds, in the county of West Yorkshire, England.
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Leicestershire
Leicestershire (abbreviation Leics.) is a landlocked county in the English Midlands.
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Leland H. Jenks
Leland Hamilton Jenks (April 10, 1892 - February 1, 1976) was an American economic historian, Professor of economics and sociology at Wellesley College, and Professor at Columbia University, where he taught economic history.
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Leonard Percy de Wolfe Tilley
Leonard Percy de Wolfe Tilley (May 21, 1870 – December 26, 1947) was a New Brunswick lawyer, politician and the 21st Premier.
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Lewiston (town), New York
Lewiston is a town in Niagara County, New York United States. The population was 16,262 at the 2010 census. The town and its contained village are named after Morgan Lewis, a governor of New York. The Town of Lewiston is on the western border of the county. The Village of Lewiston is within the town.
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Liberalization
Liberalization (or liberalisation) is a general term for any process whereby a state lifts restrictions on some private individual activities.
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Lichterfelde (Berlin)
is a locality in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin, Germany.
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Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.
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Liverpool
Liverpool is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 491,500 in 2017.
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Liverpool and Manchester Railway
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) was a railway opened on 15 September 1830 between the Lancashire towns of Liverpool and Manchester in England.
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Locomotion No. 1
Locomotion No.
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London
London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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London and Birmingham Railway
The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was an early railway company in the United Kingdom, existing from 1833 to 1846, when it became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).
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London and Brighton Railway
The London and Brighton Railway (L&BR) was a railway company in England which was incorporated in 1837 and survived until 1846.
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London King's Cross railway station
King's Cross railway station, also known as London King's Cross, is a Central London railway terminus on the northern edge of the city.
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London Paddington station
Paddington, also known as London Paddington, is a Central London railway terminus and London Underground station complex, located on Praed Street in the Paddington area.
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London Victoria station
Victoria station, also known as London Victoria, is a central London railway terminus and connected London Underground station in Victoria, in the City of Westminster, managed by Network Rail.
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London Waterloo station
Waterloo station, also known as London Waterloo, is a central London terminus on the National Rail network in the United Kingdom, located in the Waterloo area of the London Borough of Lambeth.
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Long Boiler locomotive
The long boiler locomotive was the object of a patent by Robert Stephenson and the name became synonymous with the pattern.
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Loughborough
Loughborough is a town in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England, seat of Charnwood Borough Council, and home to Loughborough University.
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Louisbourg
Louisbourg is an unincorporated community and former town in Cape Breton Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia.
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Madras Railway
The Madras Railway (full name Madras Railway Company) played a pioneering role in developing railways in southern India and was merged in 1908 with Southern Mahratta Railway to form Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway.
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Manchester
Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 530,300.
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Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon
Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon was a Swiss engineering company based in the Zürich district of Oerlikon known for the early development of electric locomotives.
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Mataró
Mataró is the capital and largest town of the comarca of the Maresme, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia Autonomous Community, Spain.
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Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg
Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1469 – 30 March 1540) was a statesman of the Holy Roman Empire, a Cardinal and Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1519 to his death.
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Matthew Murray
Matthew Murray (1765 – 20 February 1826) was an English steam engine and machine tool manufacturer, who designed and built the first commercially viable steam locomotive, the twin cylinder Salamanca in 1812.
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Matthias W. Baldwin
Matthias William Baldwin (December 10, 1795 – September 7, 1866) was an American inventor and machinery manufacturer, specializing in the production of steam locomotives.
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Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram
Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram or Mödling and Hinterbrühl Local Railway (German: Lokalbahn Mödling–Hinterbrühl) was an electric tramway in Austria, running 4.5 km (2.8 mi) from Mödling to Hinterbrühl, in the southwest of Vienna.
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Mechelen
Mechelen (Malines, traditional English name: MechlinMechelen has been known in English as Mechlin, from where the adjective Mechlinian is derived. This name may still be used, especially in a traditional or historical context. The city's French name Malines had also been used in English in the past (in the 19th and 20th century) however this has largely been abandoned. Meanwhile, the Dutch derived Mechelen began to be used in English increasingly from late 20th century onwards, even while Mechlin remained still in use (for example a Mechlinian is an inhabitant of this city or someone seen as born-and-raised there; the term is also the name of the city dialect; as an adjective Mechlinian may refer to the city or to its dialect.) is a city and municipality in the province of Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium. The municipality comprises the city of Mechelen proper, some quarters at its outskirts, the hamlets of Nekkerspoel (adjacent) and Battel (a few kilometers away), as well as the villages of Walem, Heffen, Leest, Hombeek, and Muizen. The Dyle (Dijle) flows through the city, hence it is often referred to as the Dijlestad ("City on the river Dijle"). Mechelen lies on the major urban and industrial axis Brussels–Antwerp, about 25 km from each city. Inhabitants find employment at Mechelen's southern industrial and northern office estates, as well as at offices or industry near the capital and Zaventem Airport, or at industrial plants near Antwerp's seaport. Mechelen is one of Flanders' prominent cities of historical art, with Antwerp, Bruges, Brussels, Ghent, and Leuven. It was notably a centre for artistic production during the Northern Renaissance, when painters, printmakers, illuminators and composers of polyphony were attracted by patrons such as Margaret of York, Margaret of Austria and Hieronymus van Busleyden.
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.
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Merthyr Tydfil
Merthyr Tydfil (Merthyr Tudful) is a large town in Wales, with a population of about 63,546, situated approximately north of Cardiff.
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Metropolitan Railway
The Metropolitan Railway (also known as the Met) was a passenger and goods railway that served London from 1863 to 1933, its main line heading north-west from the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the Middlesex suburbs.
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Middleton Railway
The Middleton Railway is the world's oldest continuously working public railway, situated in the English city of Leeds.
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Minimum railway curve radius
The minimum railway curve radius is the shortest allowable design radius for the centre line of railway tracks under a particular set of conditions.
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Montreal
Montreal (officially Montréal) is the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec and the second-most populous municipality in Canada.
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Mumbai
Mumbai (also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
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Mumbles
Mumbles (Mwmbwls.) is a headland sited on the western edge of Swansea Bay on the southern coast of Wales.
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Nanpantan
Nanpantan is a small village in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England.
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Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS;; "Dutch Railways") a Dutch state-owned company, the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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New York City
The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.
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North Midland Railway
The North Midland Railway was a British railway company, which opened its line from Derby to Rotherham (Masbrough) and Leeds in 1840.
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North West England
North West England, one of nine official regions of England, consists of the five counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside.
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Northeastern United States
The Northeastern United States, also referred to as the American Northeast or simply the Northeast, is a geographical region of the United States bordered to the north by Canada, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Southern United States, and to the west by the Midwestern United States.
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Northumberland
Northumberland (abbreviated Northd) is a county in North East England.
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Nottingham
Nottingham is a city and unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire, England, north of London, in the East Midlands.
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Novelty (locomotive)
Novelty was an early steam locomotive built by John Ericsson and John Braithwaite to take part in the Rainhill Trials in 1829.
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Ogden, Utah
Ogden is a city and the county seat of Weber County, Utah, United States, approximately east of the Great Salt Lake and north of Salt Lake City.
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Oldest railroads in North America
This is a list of the earliest railroads in North America, including various railroad-like precursors to the general modern form of a company or government agency operating locomotive-drawn trains on metal tracks.
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Oliver Evans
Oliver Evans (September 13, 1755 – April 15, 1819) was an American inventor, engineer and businessman born in rural Delaware and later rooted commercially in Philadelphia.
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Ontario
Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.
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Open hearth furnace
Open hearth furnaces are one of a number of kinds of furnace where excess carbon and other impurities are burnt out of pig iron to produce steel.
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Osaka
() is a designated city in the Kansai region of Japan.
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Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is used to transmit electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains.
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Pakistan Railways
Pakistan Railways (پاکستان ریلویز) is the national, state-owned railway company of Pakistan.
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Panic of 1873
The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that triggered a depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 until 1879, and even longer in some countries (France and Britain).
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Patentee (locomotive)
The Patentee locomotive was a revolutionary 2-2-2 steam locomotive type introduced by Robert Stephenson and Company in 1833, as an enlargement of their 2-2-0 ''Planet'' type.
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Peninsular Spain
Peninsular Spain refers to that part of Spanish territory located within the Iberian peninsula, thus excluding other parts of Spain: the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, Melilla, and a number of islets and crags off the coast of Morocco known collectively as plazas de soberanía (places of sovereignty).
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Penydarren
Penydarren (Penydarren) is a community in Merthyr Tydfil County Borough in Wales.
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Permanent way (history)
The permanent way is the elements of railway lines: generally the pairs of rails typically laid on the sleepers ("ties" in American parlance) embedded in ballast, intended to carry the ordinary trains of a railway.
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Perseverance (steam locomotive)
Perseverance was an early steam locomotive that took part in the Rainhill Trials.
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Plateway
A plateway is an early kind of railway or tramway or wagonway, with a cast-iron rail.
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Port of Hull
The Port of Hull is a port at the confluence of the River Hull and the Humber Estuary in Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.
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Prescot
Prescot is a town and civil parish within the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley in Merseyside, England.
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Priestman Brothers
Priestman Brothers was an engineering company based in Kingston upon Hull, England that manufactured diggers, dredgers, cranes and other industrial machinery.
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Prototype
A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process or to act as a thing to be replicated or learned from.
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Puddling (metallurgy)
Puddling was one step in one of the most important processes of making the first appreciable volumes of high-grade bar iron (malleable wrought iron) during the Industrial Revolution.
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Puffing Billy (locomotive)
Puffing Billy is the world's oldest surviving steam locomotive,.
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Quebec
Quebec (Québec)According to the Canadian government, Québec (with the acute accent) is the official name in French and Quebec (without the accent) is the province's official name in English; the name is.
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Rack railway
A rack railway (also rack-and-pinion railway, cog railway, or cogwheel railway) is a steep grade railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails.
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Railway and Canal Historical Society
The Railway and Canal Historical Society was founded in the United Kingdom in 1954 to bring together all those interested in the history of transport, with particular reference to railways and waterways in Britain, its main objects being to promote historical research and to raise the standard of published history.
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Railway spine
Railway spine was a nineteenth-century diagnosis for the post-traumatic symptoms of passengers involved in railroad accidents.
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Rainhill Trials
The Rainhill Trials were an important competition in the early days of steam locomotive railways, run in October 1829 for the nearly completed Liverpool and Manchester Railway.
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Rajahmundry
Rajahmundry, officially known as Rajamahendravaram, is a city in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh located on the banks of the Godavari River in East Godavari district.
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Reciprocating engine
A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine (although there are also pneumatic and hydraulic reciprocating engines) that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion.
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Red Hills, Chennai
Red Hills ("செங்குன்றம்") is one of the most densely populated towns in Tamil Nadu.
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Regenerative brake
Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism which slows a vehicle or object by converting its kinetic energy into a form which can be either used immediately or stored until needed.
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Reisszug
The Reisszug (also spelt Reißzug or Reiszug) is a private cable railway providing goods access to the Hohensalzburg Castle at Salzburg in Austria.
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Reluctance motor
A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor.
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Richard Trevithick
Richard Trevithick (13 April 1771 – 22 April 1833) was a British inventor and mining engineer from Cornwall, England.
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Richmond Union Passenger Railway
The Richmond Union Passenger Railway, in Richmond, Virginia, was the first practical electric trolley (tram) system, and set the pattern for most subsequent electric trolley systems around the world.
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Right-of-way (transportation)
A right-of-way (ROW) is a right to make a way over a piece of land, usually to and from another piece of land.
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River Severn
The River Severn (Afon Hafren, Sabrina) is a river in the United Kingdom.
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Robert Davidson (inventor)
Robert Davidson (1804–1894) was a Scottish inventor who built the first known electric locomotive in 1837.
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Robert Stephenson
Robert Stephenson FRS (16 October 1803 – 12 October 1859) was an early railway and civil engineer.
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Rolling (metalworking)
In metalworking, rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness and to make the thickness uniform.
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Roorkee
Roorkee (Rūṛkī) is a city in North India and a Municipal Corporation in the Haridwar district of state Uttarakhand, India.
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Rotary phase converter
A rotary phase converter, abbreviated RPC, is an electrical machine that converts power from one polyphase system (including frequency) to another, converting through rotary motion.
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Royal Saxon State Railways
The Royal Saxon State Railways (Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen) were the state-owned railways operating in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1869 to 1918.
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Royal Scottish Society of Arts
The Royal Scottish Society of Arts is a learned society in Scotland, dedicated to the study of science and technology.
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Royapuram
Royapuram is a locality in the northern part of Chennai City, Tamil Nadu, India, most known for the Royapuram Railway Station, the first railway station of south India opened in 1856, and is today the oldest surviving railway station of the Indian subcontinent The St. Peter's Church, Royapuram is one of the most prominent and oldest churches and landmark in the region.
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Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel (18 March 185829 September 1913) was a German inventor and mechanical engineer, famous for the invention of the diesel engine, and for his mysterious death.
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Saint-Étienne to Andrézieux Railway
The Saint-Étienne to Andrézieux railway (ligne de Saint-Étienne à Andrézieux) was the first public railway in France and continental Europe, granted by order of King Louis XVIII to Louis-Antoine Beaunier in 1823.
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Salamanca (locomotive)
Salamanca was the first commercially successful steam locomotive, built in 1812 by Matthew Murray of Holbeck, for the edge railed Middleton Railway between Middleton and Leeds.
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Sans Pareil
Sans Pareil is a steam locomotive built by Timothy Hackworth which took part in the 1829 Rainhill Trials on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, held to select a builder of locomotives.
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Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural and linguistic ties.
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Science Museum, London
The Science Museum is a major museum on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, London.
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Sealdah
Sealdah (perhaps more appropriately Shealdah) is a neighbourhood of central Kolkata in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
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Second Italian War of Independence
The Second Italian War of Independence, also called the Franco-Austrian War, Austro-Sardinian War or Italian War of 1859 (Campagne d'Italie), was fought by the French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859 and played a crucial part in the process of Italian unification.
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Sharp, Stewart and Company
Sharp, Stewart and Company was a steam locomotive manufacturer, initially based in Manchester, England.
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Shropshire
Shropshire (alternatively Salop; abbreviated, in print only, Shrops; demonym Salopian) is a county in the West Midlands of England, bordering Wales to the west, Cheshire to the north, Staffordshire to the east, and Worcestershire and Herefordshire to the south.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.
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South Wales
South Wales (De Cymru) is the region of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west.
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Stafford
Stafford is the county town of Staffordshire, in the West Midlands of England.
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Standard-gauge railway
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of.
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Stationary engine
A stationary engine is an engine whose framework does not move.
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Steam engine
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
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Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a type of railway locomotive that produces its pulling power through a steam engine.
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Stellarton
Stellarton is a town located in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
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Stephenson's Rocket
Stephenson's Rocket was an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement.
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Stockton and Darlington Railway
The Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR) was a railway company that operated in north-east England from 1825 to 1863.
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Stockton-on-Tees
Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in the ceremonial county of County Durham, North East England.
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Strelley Village
Strelley is the name of a village and civil parish to the west of Nottingham.
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Sulzer (manufacturer)
Sulzer Ltd. is a Swiss industrial engineering and manufacturing firm, founded by Salomon Sulzer-Bernet in 1775 and established as Sulzer Brothers Ltd. (Gebrüder Sulzer) in 1834 in Winterthur, Switzerland. Today it is a publicly traded company with international subsidiaries. The company's shares are listed on the Swiss Stock Exchange. Sulzer's core strengths are flow control and applicators. The company specializes in pumping solutions and services for rotating equipment, as well as separation, mixing and application technology. Sulzer Brothers helped develop shuttleless weaving, and their core business was loom manufacture. Rudolf Diesel worked for Sulzer in 1879, and in 1893 Sulzer bought certain rights to diesel engines. Sulzer built their first diesel engine in 1898.
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Surrey Iron Railway
The Surrey Iron Railway (SIR) was a horse-drawn plateway that linked Wandsworth and Croydon via Mitcham, all then in Surrey but now suburbs of south London, in England.
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Swansea
Swansea (Abertawe), is a coastal city and county, officially known as the City and County of Swansea (Dinas a Sir Abertawe) in Wales, UK.
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Swansea and Mumbles Railway
The Swansea and Mumbles Railway was the world's first passenger railway service, located in Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom.
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Switcher
A switcher or shunter (Great Britain: shunter; Australia: shunter or yard pilot; United States: switcher, switch engine, or yard goat, except Pennsylvania Railroad: shifter) is a small railroad locomotive intended not for moving trains over long distances but rather for assembling trains ready for a road locomotive to take over, disassembling a train that has been brought in, and generally moving railroad cars around – a process usually known as ''switching'' (USA) or shunting (UK).
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Tōkaidō Shinkansen
The is a Japanese high-speed Shinkansen line, opened in 1964 between Tokyo and Shin-Ōsaka.
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Thane
Thane, colloquially called Thana, is a metropolitan city in India.
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The World's Work
The World's Work (1900–1932) was a monthly magazine that covered national affairs from a pro-business point of view.
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Thomas Edison
Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor.
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Thomas Gray (1788–1848)
Thomas Gray (1788–1848) was an influential British railway advocate.
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Thomas Newcomen
Thomas Newcomen (February 1664 – 5 August 1729) was an English inventor who created the first practical steam engine in 1712, the Newcomen atmospheric engine.
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Three-phase electric power
Three-phase electric power is a common method of alternating current electric power generation, transmission, and distribution.
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Timeline of railway history
This is a timeline of rail transport history.
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Tokyo
, officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and has been the capital since 1869.
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Track (rail transport)
The track on a railway or railroad, also known as the permanent way, is the structure consisting of the rails, fasteners, railroad ties (sleepers, British English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade.
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Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the spacing of the rails on a railway track and is measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails.
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Traffic congestion
Traffic congestion is a condition on transport networks that occurs as use increases, and is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing.
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Tram
A tram (also tramcar; and in North America streetcar, trolley or trolley car) is a rail vehicle which runs on tramway tracks along public urban streets, and also sometimes on a segregated right of way.
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Trams in Lugano
The Lugano tramway network (Rete tranviaria di Lugano) was part of the public transport network of Lugano, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland, for over half a century.
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Tramway (industrial)
Tramways (not to be confused with a system of passenger carrying trams) are lightly laid railways, sometimes worked without locomotives.
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Trans-Iranian Railway
The Trans-Iranian Railway (Persian: راه آهن سراسری ایران) was a major railway building project started in 1927 and completed in 1938, under the direction of the Persian monarch, Reza Shah, and entirely with indigenous capital.
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Treadwheel
A treadwheel, or treadmill, is a form of engine typically powered by humans.
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Turnpike trusts
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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United Kingdom of the Netherlands
The United Kingdom of the Netherlands (Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden; Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas) is the unofficial name given to the Kingdom of the Netherlands as it existed between 1815 and 1839.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Valtellina
Valtellina or the Valtelline (occasionally spelled as two words in English: Val Telline; Vuclina, Valtelina); Veltlin, Valtellina, Valtulina, Vuclina, is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland.
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Volk's Electric Railway
Volk's Electric Railway (VER) is a narrow gauge heritage railway that runs along a length of the seafront of the English seaside resort of Brighton.
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Waggonfabrik Rastatt
Waggonfabrik Rastatt ('Rastatt Coach Factory') was a public limited company (Aktiengesellschaft or AG) based in Rastatt in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany.
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Wagonway
Wagonways (or Waggonways) consisted of the horses, equipment and tracks used for hauling wagons, which preceded steam-powered railways.
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Wales
Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.
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Wall Street
Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.
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Werner von Siemens
Ernst Werner Siemens (von Siemens from 1888;; 13 December 1816 – 6 December 1892) was a German inventor and industrialist.
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William Dent Priestman
William Dent Priestman, born in 1847 near Kingston upon Hull was a Quaker and engineering pioneer, inventor of the Priestman Oil Engine, and co-founder with his brother Samuel of the Priestman Brothers engineering company, manufacturers of cranes, winches and excavators.
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William Hedley
William Hedley (13 July 1779 – 9 January 1843) was born in Newburn, near Newcastle upon Tyne.
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William James (railway promoter)
William James (13 June 1771 – 10 March 1837) was an English lawyer, surveyor, land agent and pioneer promoter of rail transport.
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William Jessop
William Jessop (23 January 1745 – 18 November 1814) was an English civil engineer, best known for his work on canals, harbours and early railways in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
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William Murdoch
William Murdoch (sometimes spelled Murdock) (21 August 1754 – 15 November 1839) was a Scottish engineer and inventor.
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William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, (26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907) was a Scots-Irish mathematical physicist and engineer who was born in Belfast in 1824.
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Wollaton
Wollaton is a suburb and former parish in the western part of Nottingham, England.
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Wollaton Wagonway
The Wollaton Wagonway (or Waggonway), built between October 1603 and 1604 in the East Midlands of England by Huntingdon Beaumont in partnership with Sir Percival Willoughby, has sometimes been credited as the world's first overground wagonway and therefore regarded as a significant step in the development of railways.
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Wolverhampton
Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England.
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Wrought iron
puddled iron, a form of wrought iron Wrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon (less than 0.08%) content in contrast to cast iron (2.1% to 4%).
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Wylam
Wylam is a small village about west of Newcastle upon Tyne.
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0-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and no trailing wheels.
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2-2-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-2-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, two powered driving wheels on one axle, and two trailing wheels on one axle.
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4-2-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, two powered driving wheels on one axle and no trailing wheels.
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History of rail, History of rail transport by country, History of rail transport in North America, History of rail travel, History of railroads, History of railways, History of trains, Railroad history, Railway History, Railway history, Victorian Steam Trains, Victorian steam train.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_rail_transport
