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64 relations: Amount in controversy, Annulment, Appellate jurisdiction, Bill of particulars, Capital punishment, Cause of action, Child custody, Circuit court, Civil law (common law), Complaint, Counterclaim, Court of Appeals of Virginia, Crossclaim, Demurrer, Discovery (law), Divorce, Domestic relations, Exclusive jurisdiction, Felony, General jurisdiction, Impleader, Interrogatories, Intervention (law), Judge, Judiciary of Virginia, Jurisdiction, Jury trial, Limited jurisdiction, Liquidated damages, Long-arm jurisdiction, Misdemeanor, Motion (legal), Original jurisdiction, Peremptory challenge, Personal jurisdiction, Pleading, Prayer for relief, Probate, Promissory note, Punitive damages, Res judicata, Service of process, Service of process in Virginia, Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution, State Corporation Commission (Virginia), State court (United States), Statute of frauds, Statute of limitations, Summary judgment, Summons, ..., Supersedeas bond, Supreme Court of Virginia, Trial, Trial court, Trial de novo, Unconscionability, Utility ratemaking, Venue (law), Virginia, Virginia General District Court, Virginia State Bar, Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission, Will and testament, Workers' compensation. Expand index (14 more) »
Amount in controversy
Amount in controversy (sometimes called jurisdictional amount) is a term used in civil procedure to denote the amount at stake in a lawsuit, in particular in connection with a requirement that persons seeking to bring a lawsuit in a particular court must be suing for a certain minimum amount (or below a certain maximum amount) before that court may hear the case.
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Annulment
Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void.
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Appellate jurisdiction
Appellate jurisdiction is the power of a higher court to review decisions and change outcomes of decisions of lower courts.
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Bill of particulars
In common law jurisdictions, a bill of particulars is a detailed, formal, written statement of charges or claims by a plaintiff or the prosecutor given upon the defendant's formal request to the court for more detailed information.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
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Cause of action
A cause of action, in law, is a set of facts sufficient to justify a right to sue to obtain money, property, or the enforcement of a right against another party.
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Child custody
Child custody and legal guardianship are legal terms which are used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent or guardian and a child in that person's care, such as the right to make decisions on behalf of a child and the duty to care for and support the child.
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Circuit court
Circuit courts are court systems in several common law jurisdictions.
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Civil law (common law)
Civil law is a branch of the law.
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Complaint
In legal terminology, a complaint is any formal legal document that sets out the facts and legal reasons (see: cause of action) that the filing party or parties (the plaintiff(s)) believes are sufficient to support a claim against the party or parties against whom the claim is brought (the defendant(s)) that entitles the plaintiff(s) to a remedy (either money damages or injunctive relief).
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Counterclaim
In a court of law, a party's claim is a counterclaim if one party asserts claims in response to the claims of another.
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Court of Appeals of Virginia
The Court of Appeals of Virginia, established January 1, 1985, is an eleven-judge body that hears appeals from decisions of Virginia's circuit courts and the Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission.
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Crossclaim
A crossclaim is a claim asserted between codefendants or coplaintiffs in a case and that relates to the subject of the original claim or counterclaim according to Black's Law Dictionary.
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Demurrer
A demurrer is a pleading in a lawsuit that objects to or challenges a pleading filed by an opposing party.
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Discovery (law)
Discovery, in the law of the United States and other countries, is a pre-trial procedure in a lawsuit in which each party, through the law of civil procedure, can obtain evidence from the other party or parties by means of discovery devices such as a request for answers to interrogatories, request for production of documents, request for admissions and depositions.
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Divorce
Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.
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Domestic relations
In the common law tradition, the law of domestic relations is a broad category that encompasses.
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Exclusive jurisdiction
In civil procedure, exclusive jurisdiction exists where one court has the power to adjudicate a case to the exclusion of all other courts.
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Felony
The term felony, in some common law countries, is defined as a serious crime.
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General jurisdiction
A court of general jurisdiction is a court with authority to hear cases of all kinds – criminal, civil, family, probate, and so forth.
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Impleader
Impleader is a procedural device before trial in which one party joins a third party into a lawsuit because that third party is liable to an original defendant.
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Interrogatories
In law, interrogatories (also known as requests for further information) are a formal set of written questions propounded by one litigant and required to be answered by an adversary in order to clarify matters of fact and help to determine in advance what facts will be presented at any trial in the case.
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Intervention (law)
In law, intervention is a procedure to allow a nonparty, called intervenor (also spelled intervener) to join ongoing litigation, either as a matter of right or at the discretion of the court, without the permission of the original litigants.
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Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges.
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Judiciary of Virginia
The Judiciary of Virginia is defined under the Constitution and law of Virginia and is composed of the Supreme Court of Virginia and subordinate courts, including the Court of Appeals, the Circuit Courts, and the General District Courts.
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Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (from the Latin ius, iuris meaning "law" and dicere meaning "to speak") is the practical authority granted to a legal body to administer justice within a defined field of responsibility, e.g., Michigan tax law.
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Jury trial
A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a lawful proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact.
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Limited jurisdiction
Limited jurisdiction, or special jurisdiction, is the court's jurisdiction only on certain types of cases such as bankruptcy, family matters, etc.
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Liquidated damages
Liquidated damages (also referred to as liquidated and ascertained damages) are damages whose amount the parties designate during the formation of a contract for the injured party to collect as compensation upon a specific breach (e.g., late performance).
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Long-arm jurisdiction
Long-arm jurisdiction is the ability of local courts to exercise jurisdiction over foreign ("foreign" meaning out of jurisdiction, whether a state, province, or nation) defendants, whether on a statutory basis or through a court's inherent jurisdiction (depending on the jurisdiction).
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Misdemeanor
A misdemeanor (American English, spelled misdemeanour in British English) is any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems.
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Motion (legal)
In United States law, a motion is a procedural device to bring a limited, contested issue before a court for decision.
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Original jurisdiction
The original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.
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Peremptory challenge
In English and American law, the right of peremptory challenge is a right in jury selection for the attorneys to reject a certain number of potential jurors without stating a reason.
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Personal jurisdiction
Personal jurisdiction is a court's jurisdiction over the parties to a lawsuit, as opposed to subject-matter jurisdiction, which is jurisdiction over the law and facts involved in the suit.
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Pleading
In law as practiced in countries that follow the English models, a pleading is a formal written statement of a party's claims or defenses to another party's claims in a civil action.
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Prayer for relief
A prayer for relief, in the law of civil procedure, is a portion of a complaint in which the plaintiff describes the remedies that the plaintiff seeks from the court.
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Probate
Probate is the judicial process whereby a will is "proved" in a court of law and accepted as a valid public document that is the true last testament of the deceased, or whereby the estate is settled according to the laws of intestacy in the state of residence of the deceased at time of death in the absence of a legal will.
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Promissory note
A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a legal instrument (more particularly, a financial instrument and a debt instrument), in which one party (the maker or issuer) promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other (the payee), either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms.
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Punitive damages
Punitive damages, or exemplary damages, are damages intended to reform or deter the defendant and others from engaging in conduct similar to that which formed the basis of the lawsuit.
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Res judicata
Res judicata (RJ) or res iudicata, also known as claim preclusion, is the Latin term for "a matter judged", and refers to either of two concepts: in both civil law and common law legal systems, a case in which there has been a final judgment and is no longer subject to appeal; and the legal doctrine meant to bar (or preclude) continued litigation of a case on same issues between the same parties.
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Service of process
Service of process is the procedure by which a party to a lawsuit gives an appropriate notice of initial legal action to another party (such as a defendant), court, or administrative body in an effort to exercise jurisdiction over that person so as to enable that person to respond to the proceeding before the court, body, or other tribunal.
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Service of process in Virginia
Service of process in Virginia encompasses the set of rules indicating how a party to a lawsuit must be given service of process in the state of Virginia, in order for the judiciary of Virginia to have jurisdiction over that party.
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Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Seventh Amendment (Amendment VII) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights.
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State Corporation Commission (Virginia)
The State Corporation Commission, or SCC, is a Virginia (USA) regulatory agency whose authority encompasses utilities, insurance, state-chartered financial institutions, securities, retail franchising, and railroads.
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State court (United States)
In the United States, a state court has jurisdiction over disputes with some connection to a U.S. state, as opposed to the federal government.
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Statute of frauds
The statute of frauds refers to the requirement that certain kinds of contracts be memorialized in a writing, signed by the party to be charged, with sufficient content to evidence the contract.
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Statute of limitations
Statutes of limitations are laws passed by legislative bodies in common law systems to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated.
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Summary judgment
In law, a summary judgment (also judgment as a matter of law) is a judgment entered by a court for one party and against another party summarily, i.e., without a full trial.
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Summons
A summons (also known in England and Wales as a claim form and in the Australian state of New South Wales as a Court Attendance Notice (CAN)) is a legal document issued by a court (a judicial summons) or by an administrative agency of government (an administrative summons) for various purposes.
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Supersedeas bond
A supersedeas bond, also known as a defendant's appeal bond, is a type of surety bond that a court requires from an appellant who wants to delay payment of a judgment until the appeal is over.
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Supreme Court of Virginia
The Supreme Court of Virginia is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
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Trial
In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes.
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Trial court
A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place.
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Trial de novo
In law, the expression trial de novo means a "new trial" by a different tribunal (de novo is a Latin expression meaning "afresh", "anew", "beginning again", hence the literal meaning "new trial").
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Unconscionability
Unconscionability (sometimes known as unconscionable dealing/conduct in Australia) is a doctrine in contract law that describes terms that are so extremely unjust, or overwhelmingly one-sided in favor of the party who has the superior bargaining power, that they are contrary to good conscience.
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Utility ratemaking
Utility ratemaking is the formal regulatory process in the United States by which public utilities set the prices (more commonly known as "rates") they will charge consumers.
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Venue (law)
Venue (law) is the location where a case is heard.
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Virginia
Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.
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Virginia General District Court
The Virginia General District Court (GDC) is the lowest level of the Virginia court system, and is the court that most Virginians have contact with.
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Virginia State Bar
The Virginia State Bar (VSB) is the administrative agency of the Supreme Court of Virginia created to regulate, improve and advance the legal profession in Virginia.
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Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission
The Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission (VWC) is an agency of the U.S. state of Virginia that oversees the resolution of workers' compensation claims brought in that state, in accordance with the Virginia Workers' Compensation Act.
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Will and testament
A will or testament is a legal document by which a person, the testator, expresses their wishes as to how their property is to be distributed at death, and names one or more persons, the executor, to manage the estate until its final distribution.
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Workers' compensation
Workers' compensation is a form of insurance providing wage replacement and medical benefits to employees injured in the course of employment in exchange for mandatory relinquishment of the employee's right to sue their employer for the tort of negligence.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Circuit_Court
