Logo
Unionpedia
Communication
Get it on Google Play
New! Download Unionpedia on your Android™ device!
Free
Faster access than browser!
 

World War I

Index World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. [1]

826 relations: ABC-CLIO, Ad beatissimi Apostolorum, Addis Ababa, Adolf Hitler, Adrian helmet, Aerial bombing of cities, Aerial photography, Aircraft carrier, Al-Salt, Albatros D.III, Albert Ernest Kitson, Aleppo, Alexander of Greece, Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse), Alexandru Marghiloman, Alfred Thayer Mahan, Alfred von Tirpitz, All Quiet on the Western Front (1930 film), Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, Allies of World War I, Alpini, Alsace-Lorraine, Alternative civilian service, American Battle Monuments Commission, American Expeditionary Forces, American Heritage (magazine), Amman, Anarchism, Anatolia, Anglo-Russian Convention, Ante Trumbić, Anti-aircraft warfare, Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo, Anti-submarine weapon, Anti-war movement, Anzac Day, ANZAC Mounted Division, Arab nationalism, Arab Revolt, Arab–Israeli conflict, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Arkhangelsk, Armenian Genocide, Armenian Genocide denial, Armenians, Armistice, Armistice Day, Armistice of 11 November 1918, Armistice of Mudros, Armistice of Salonica, ..., Armistice of Villa Giusti, Armored car (military), Armoured warfare, Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles, Artillery, Asiago, Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Assyrian genocide, Assyrian people, Athens, Attack submarine, Attrition warfare, Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, Australian conscription referendum, 1917, Australian Labor Party, Australian Light Horse, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force, Australian War Memorial, Austria-Hungary, Austrian Littoral, Austro-Hungarian Army, Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878, Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Azerbaijanis, Baghdad, Baku, Balance of power (international relations), Balfour Declaration, Balkan League, Balkans, Baltic states, Banat, Banjšice Plateau, Barbed wire, Basmachi movement, Batterie Pommern, Battle of Albert (1918), Battle of Amiens (1918), Battle of Arara, Battle of Arras (1917), Battle of Asiago, Battle of Bakhmach, Battle of Beersheba (1917), Battle of Belleau Wood, Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge, Battle of Bucharest, Battle of Cambrai (1917), Battle of Cambrai (1918), Battle of Caporetto, Battle of Cer, Battle of Château-Thierry (1918), Battle of Coronel, Battle of Doberdò, Battle of Dobro Pole, Battle of Flers–Courcelette, Battle of Galicia, Battle of Haifa (1918), Battle of Jerusalem, Battle of Jugla, Battle of Jutland, Battle of Kolubara, Battle of Magdhaba, Battle of Más a Tierra, Battle of Mecca (1916), Battle of Megiddo (1918), Battle of Mojkovac, Battle of Mughar Ridge, Battle of Mulhouse, Battle of Nablus (1918), Battle of Nazareth, Battle of Passchendaele, Battle of Penang, Battle of Rafa, Battle of Romani, Battle of Samakh, Battle of Sardarabad, Battle of Sarikamish, Battle of Soissons (1918), Battle of Tabsor, Battle of Tannenberg, Battle of the Falkland Islands, Battle of the Frontiers, Battle of the Lys (1918), Battle of the Somme, Battle of Transylvania, Battle of Tulkarm, Battle of Verdun, Battle of Vimy Ridge, Battle of Vittorio Veneto, Battle of Zborov (1917), Battles of the Isonzo, Belgrade, Belle Époque, Benito Mussolini, Bermuda, Bertrand Russell, Bessarabia, Bibliography of World War I, Big Bertha (howitzer), Billy Hughes, Bitola, Black Hand (Serbia), Blimp, Blockade of Germany, Bolsheviks, Bosnia (region), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosniaks, Bosnian crisis, British Army, British Expeditionary Force (World War I), British heavy tanks of World War I, British Indian Army, British occupation of the Jordan Valley, British R-class submarine, Brodie helmet, Brusilov Offensive, Bucharest, Budapest, Cadet, Canadian Corps, Canadian War Museum, Capital ship, Capture of Afulah and Beisan, Capture of Jenin, Capture of Jericho, Carpathian Mountains, Caspian Sea, Casus belli, Caucasus, CBC News, Centenary of the outbreak of World War I, Central Powers, Centrocaspian Dictatorship, Cevat Çobanlı, Chaim Weizmann, Champagne (province), Chancellor, Charles I of Austria, Chemical warfare, Chemical weapons in World War I, Chicago Tribune, Chlorine, Christopher R. W. Nevinson, Civilian, Class conflict, Close air support, Cobh, Code name, Collective memory, Combat stress reaction, Combatant, Combined arms, Commonwealth War Graves Commission, Compiègne, Congress Poland, Conscientious objector, Conscription, Conscription Crisis of 1917, Conscription Crisis of 1918, Constantine I of Greece, Convoy, Convoys in World War I, Council on Foreign Relations, Counter-battery fire, CRC Press, Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France), Cruiser, Cvjetko Popović, Czechoslovak Legion, Czechoslovakia, Dalmatia, Damascus, Daraa, David A. Andelman, David Lloyd George, Death march, Death rates in the 20th century, Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, Democratic Republic of Georgia, Depth charge, Dervish state, Desert Mounted Corps, Destroyer, Diktat, Diplomatic history of World War I, Dominion, Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, Doullens Conference, Dual Alliance (1879), Duchy of Lorraine, Dulce et Decorum est, Dunkirk, East Asia Squadron, East Prussia, Easter Rising, Eastern Front (World War I), Eastern Orthodox Church, Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, Egyptian Expeditionary Force, Eighth Army (Ottoman Empire), Eleftherios Venizelos, Embedded journalism, Emperor Taishō, Empire of Japan, Encyclopaedia Judaica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., England, English Channel, Enrico Millo, Entente Cordiale, Enver Pasha, Epidemic typhus, Erich Ludendorff, Erich von Falkenhayn, Ernst Haeckel, Espionage Act of 1917, Ethiopia, Ethiopian Empire, Ethnic cleansing, Eugene V. Debs, Europe, European Civil War, Execution of the Romanov family, Fakhri Pasha, Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, Fascio, Fascism, February Revolution, Federal government of the United States, Ferdinand Foch, Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, Ferdinand I of Romania, Field marshal, Field marshal (United Kingdom), Field telephone, Fighter aircraft, First Austrian Republic, First Balkan War, First Battle of Gaza, First Battle of the Marne, First Battle of the Masurian Lakes, First day on the Somme, First Republic of Armenia, First Transjordan attack on Amman, First World War centenary, Fixed-wing aircraft, Flamethrower, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Fourteen Points, Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire), Fragmentation (weaponry), François Hollande, France, Francis Bacon, Franco-Prussian War, Franco-Russian Alliance, Francs-tireurs, Franz Joseph I of Austria, Free City of Danzig, French Canadians, French Third Republic, Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein, Frontal assault, Gabriele D'Annunzio, Gallipoli Campaign, Gary Sheffield (historian), Gas mask, Gavrilo Princip, General strike, Genocide, Georges Clemenceau, Georgia within the Russian Empire, Gerhard Hirschfeld, German Army order of battle (1914), German colonial empire, German East Africa, German Emperor, German Empire, German General Staff, German invasion of Belgium, German New Guinea, German Revolution of 1918–19, German Samoa, German South West Africa, German War Graves Commission, Gio. Ansaldo & C., Godfrey Herbert, Gold Coast (region), Gorizia, Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive, Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1856–1929), Grand Fleet, Great Depression, Great power, Greater Romania, Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), Greek genocide, Greeks, Gregory Stanton, Grenade, Grigori Rasputin, Gross domestic product, Guerrilla warfare, Gustav Stresemann, H. H. Asquith, Haber process, Habsburg Monarchy, Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, Harbin, Hartmannswillerkopf, Helmut Brümmer-Patzig, Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, Henry Tonks, Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Hindenburg Line, Hindu–German Conspiracy, Holy Alliance, Homeland for the Jewish people, Horace Smith-Dorrien, House of Habsburg, House of Hohenzollern, House of Romanov, Howitzer, Hundred Days Offensive, Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, Hydrophone, Il Popolo d'Italia, Imperial German Navy, Imperial War Museum, In Flanders Fields, Indian Home Rule movement, Indian independence movement, Indian National Congress, Indiana University Press, Indirect fire, Infiltration tactics, Innsbruck, International Association of Genocide Scholars, International Committee of the Red Cross, Interwar period, Iran, Ireland, Irish nationalism, Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Istanbul, Italian irredentism, Italian Liberal Party, Italian nationalism, Italian Socialist Party, Italians, Italo-Turkish War, Italy, Iyasu V, Jacob Schiff, Jagdstaffel 11, Jerusalem, Jezreel Valley, Joachim Gauck, John Holland Rose, John J. Pershing, John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, John McCrae, John Nash (artist), John Terraine, Jones–Shafroth Act, Jordan River, July Crisis, Kaiserschützen, Kamerun, Kansas City, Missouri, Karl Liebknecht, Kaunas, Khamseh, Kiel, Kiel mutiny, King and Country, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Kingdom of Hejaz, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46), Kingdom of Italy, Kingdom of Romania, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Knox–Porter Resolution, Kobarid, Koekelare, Kosovo Offensive (1915), Krupp, Kurds, Labour movement, Lancer, Lange Max Museum, Le Souvenir français, Leaders of the Central Powers of World War I, League of Nations, League of the Three Emperors, Leonida Bissolati, Leuven, Levant, Lewis gun, Library of Congress, Light machine gun, List of former German colonies, List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, Lists of abbreviations used on Commonwealth World War I medals, Lists of World War I topics, Little, Brown and Company, Ljubljana, London Agreement on German External Debts, Long and short scales, Lost Generation, Luigi Cadorna, Lurs, Luxembourg, M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle, Macedonia (region), Machine gun, Maclean's, Mahatma Gandhi, Manganese, Maritime transport, Mark V tank, Martial law, Materiel, Mecca, Medina, Mehmed V, Mehmed VI, Memorial Day, Menin Gate, Mesopotamia, Mesopotamian campaign, Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Milan, Military of the Ottoman Empire, Military personnel, Military Service Act 1916, Military Service Tribunals, Military tactics, Minenwerfer, Monastir Offensive, Mounted infantry, MP 18, Muhamed Mehmedbašić, Muirhead Bone, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, National Archives and Records Administration, National identity, National Schism, National World War I Museum and Memorial, Nationalist Party (Australia), Naval mine, Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign, Nazism, Nedeljko Čabrinović, Netherlands, Neutral country, New Britain, Niall Ferguson, Nicholas II of Russia, Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition, Nikolai Yudenich, Nitrogen fixation, Nivelle Offensive, Noemvriana, Non-interventionism, North Russia Intervention, Oberste Heeresleitung, Observation balloon, Occupation of German Samoa, Occupation of the Rhineland, October Revolution, Officers' Training Corps, Operation Michael, Optimism, Oskar von Hutier, Otto Liman von Sanders, Otto von Bismarck, Ottoman dynasty, Ottoman Empire, Outline of war, Outline of World War I, Oxford University Press, Pacific Islands, Padua, Pale of Settlement, Pan-Arabism, Pan-Slavism, Paolo Boselli, Parachute, Paris Gun, Paris Peace Conference, 1919, Partition of the Ottoman Empire, Paths of Glory, Paul Fussell, Paul Nash (artist), Paul von Hindenburg, Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, Persian Campaign, Peter I of Serbia, Petrograd Soviet, Petroleum reservoir, Philipp Scheidemann, Philippe Pétain, Phosgene, Pocket watch, Pogrom, Polemic, Poles, Pope Benedict XV, Pope Pius X, Poppies of Flanders, Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Powder keg of Europe, Prince Maximilian of Baden, Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma, Princely state, Principality of Albania, Prisoner of war, Prisoner-of-war camp, Prize (law), Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, Prussia, Przasnysz, Public holiday, Public Schools Act 1868, Pula, Punch (magazine), Q-ship, Qashqai people, Qingdao, R. G. Collingwood, Race to the Sea, Railway gun, Rapallo Conference, Rape of Belgium, Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932), Raymond Poincaré, Reconnaissance, Red Week (Italy), Reims, Reinhard Scheer, Reinsurance Treaty, Renault FT, Republic of China (1912–1949), Revolutions of 1917–1923, Rijeka, RMS Lusitania, Robert Nivelle, Rosa Luxemburg, Royal Navy, Rudolph Rummel, Russia, Russian Caucasus Army (World War I), Russian Civil War, Russian cruiser Zhemchug, Russian Empire, Russian Expeditionary Force in France, Russian famine of 1921–22, Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914), Russian Provisional Government, Russian Revolution, Saint Petersburg, Saint-Quentin, Aisne, Salient (military), Salisbury Plain, Samuel Hynes, Sarajevo, Scapa Flow, Schlieffen Plan, Schutzkorps, Scotland, Sea lane, Sea of Galilee, Second Balkan War, Second Battle of Gaza, Second Battle of the Marne, Second Battle of the Piave River, Second Battle of Ypres, Second French Empire, Second Polish Republic, Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt, Sedition Act of 1918, Selective Draft Law Cases, Selective Service Act of 1917, Self-determination, Self-propelled artillery, Senussi, Senussi Campaign, Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Seventh Army (Ottoman Empire), Shandong, Shell (projectile), Shoulder Arms, Siberia, Siege of Kut, Siege of Medina, Siege of Tsingtao, Siegfried Sassoon, Sinai and Palestine Campaign, Sinai Peninsula, Sinking of the RMS Lusitania, Skagerrak, Slovenia, SM U-20 (Germany), SM U-27 (Germany), SM U-41 (Germany), SM U-86, Soča, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Socialist Party of America, Solitary confinement, Somaliland Campaign, Sonar, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, Sopwith Camel, Southern Dobruja, Soviet Union, Spa, Belgium, Spanish flu, Spring Offensive, Stab-in-the-back myth, Stahlhelm, Standschützen, Starvation, State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, Stephen Hobhouse, Stormtrooper, Strategic bomber, Submachine gun, Submarine, Submarine warfare, Succession of states, Suez Canal, Suffragette, Sulfur mustard, Summary execution, Supreme War Council, Surplus women, Syndicalism, Tangestan County, Tank, Tanks in World War I, Taurus Mountains, Tønder, Tehcir Law, Termination of the Present War (Definition) Act 1918, The Big Four (World War I), The Crown, The Daily Telegraph, The Indianapolis Star, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, The Journal of American History, The New York Times, The Times, The war to end war, Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, Theodore Roosevelt, Thessaloniki, Thiepval Memorial, Third Battle of Gaza, Third Battle of the Aisne, Third Transjordan attack, Three Pashas, Tiberias, Timeline of World War I, Togoland, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Tondern raid, Trans-Siberian Railway, Transcaucasia, Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, Transylvania, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of Bucharest (1918), Treaty of Lausanne, Treaty of London (1913), Treaty of London (1915), Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Treaty of Poti, Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), Treaty of Sèvres, Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Versailles, Trench foot, Trench railways, Trench warfare, Trentino, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Trieste, Trifko Grabež, Triple Alliance (1882), Triple Entente, Turkey, Turkish National Movement, Turkish War of Independence, Tyrol, U-boat, U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921), U.S.–German Peace Treaty (1921), U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921), Ukraine, Ukraine after the Russian Revolution, Unfree labour, Unification of Germany, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United States, United States Army Center of Military History, United States Army Command and General Staff College, United States Battleship Division Nine (World War I), United States Congress, United States declaration of war on Germany (1917), United States Marine Corps, United States Navy, United States presidential election, 1916, University of Washington Press, Unrestricted submarine warfare, Vardar Offensive, Vaso Čubrilović, Verdun, Veterans History Project, Vickers machine gun, Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, Victorian era, Vienna, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, Vladimir Lenin, Vladivostok, Volga Germans, Volhynia, Wales, Wall Street, War effort, War in History, War memorial, Warren G. Harding, Warsaw, Watch, Weimar Republic, Western Front (World War I), Western Front tactics, 1917, White flag, White movement, Wilfred Owen, Wilhelm II, German Emperor, Wilhelmshaven, William Rubinstein, Wireless, Woodrow Wilson, World war, World War I casualties, World War I reparations, World War II, XX Corps (United Kingdom), XXI Corps (United Kingdom), Yekaterinburg, Yeomanry, Young Bosnia, Yugoslav Committee, Yugoslavia, Yugoslavism, Yugoslavs, Zbyněk Zeman, Zeppelin, Zimmermann Telegram, 1,000,000,000, 1917 French Army mutinies, 369th Infantry Regiment (United States), 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division, 8th Army (German Empire). Expand index (776 more) »

ABC-CLIO

ABC-CLIO, LLC is a publishing company for academic reference works and periodicals primarily on topics such as history and social sciences for educational and public library settings.

New!!: World War I and ABC-CLIO · See more »

Ad beatissimi Apostolorum

Ad beatissimi Apostolorum is an encyclical of Pope Benedict XV given at St.

New!!: World War I and Ad beatissimi Apostolorum · See more »

Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa (አዲስ አበባ,, "new flower"; or Addis Abeba (the spelling used by the official Ethiopian Mapping Authority); Finfinne "natural spring") is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia.

New!!: World War I and Addis Ababa · See more »

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

New!!: World War I and Adolf Hitler · See more »

Adrian helmet

The M15 Adrian helmet (Casque Adrian) was a combat helmet issued to the French Army during World War I. It was the first standard helmet of the French Army and was designed when millions of French troops were engaged in trench warfare, and head wounds from the falling shrapnel generated by the new technique of indirect fire became a frequent cause of battlefield casualties.

New!!: World War I and Adrian helmet · See more »

Aerial bombing of cities

The aerial bombing of cities in warfare is an optional element of strategic bombing which became widespread during World War I. The bombing of cities grew to a vast scale in World War II, and is still practiced today.

New!!: World War I and Aerial bombing of cities · See more »

Aerial photography

Aerial photography (or airborne imagery) is the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other flying object.

New!!: World War I and Aerial photography · See more »

Aircraft carrier

An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft.

New!!: World War I and Aircraft carrier · See more »

Al-Salt

Al-Salt (السلط Al-Salt — pronounced Es-Sult or Es-Salt) is an ancient agricultural town and administrative centre in west-central Jordan.

New!!: World War I and Al-Salt · See more »

Albatros D.III

The Albatros D.III was a biplane fighter aircraft used by the Imperial German Army Air Service (Luftstreitkräfte) during World War I. A modified licence model was built by Oeffag for the Austro-Hungarian Air Service (''Luftfahrtruppen'').

New!!: World War I and Albatros D.III · See more »

Albert Ernest Kitson

Sir Albert Ernest Kitson KBE, CMG (21 March 1868 – 8 March 1937) was a British-Australian geologist, naturalist, and winner of the Lyell Medal in 1927.

New!!: World War I and Albert Ernest Kitson · See more »

Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣﻠﺐ / ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, serving as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most-populous Syrian governorate.

New!!: World War I and Aleppo · See more »

Alexander of Greece

Alexander (Αλέξανδρος, Aléxandros; 1 August 189325 October 1920) was King of Greece from 11 June 1917 until his death three years later, at the age of 27, from the effects of a monkey bite.

New!!: World War I and Alexander of Greece · See more »

Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)

Alexandra Feodorovna (6 June 1872 – 17 July 1918) was Empress of Russia as the spouse of Nicholas II—the last ruler of the Russian Empire—from their marriage on 26 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917.

New!!: World War I and Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse) · See more »

Alexandru Marghiloman

Alexandru Marghiloman (4 July 1854 – 10 May 1925) was a Romanian conservative statesman who served for a short time in 1918 (March–October) as Prime Minister of Romania, and had a decisive role during World War I.

New!!: World War I and Alexandru Marghiloman · See more »

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Alfred Thayer Mahan (September 27, 1840 – December 1, 1914) was a United States naval officer and historian, whom John Keegan called "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century." His book The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660–1783 (1890) won immediate recognition, especially in Europe, and with its successor, The Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire, 1793–1812 (1892), made him world-famous and perhaps the most influential American author of the nineteenth century.

New!!: World War I and Alfred Thayer Mahan · See more »

Alfred von Tirpitz

Alfred Peter Friedrich von Tirpitz (19 March 1849 – 6 March 1930) was a German Grand Admiral, Secretary of State of the German Imperial Naval Office, the powerful administrative branch of the German Imperial Navy from 1897 until 1916.

New!!: World War I and Alfred von Tirpitz · See more »

All Quiet on the Western Front (1930 film)

All Quiet on the Western Front is a 1930 American epic pre-Code war film based on the Erich Maria Remarque novel of the same name.

New!!: World War I and All Quiet on the Western Front (1930 film) · See more »

Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War

The Allied intervention was a multi-national military expedition launched during the Russian Civil War in 1918.

New!!: World War I and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War · See more »

Allies of World War I

The Allies of World War I, or Entente Powers, were the countries that opposed the Central Powers in the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Allies of World War I · See more »

Alpini

The Alpini (Italian for "alpines"), are an elite mountain warfare military corps of the Italian Army.

New!!: World War I and Alpini · See more »

Alsace-Lorraine

The Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine (Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen or Elsass-Lothringen, or Alsace-Moselle) was a territory created by the German Empire in 1871, after it annexed most of Alsace and the Moselle department of Lorraine following its victory in the Franco-Prussian War.

New!!: World War I and Alsace-Lorraine · See more »

Alternative civilian service

Alternative civilian service is a form of national service performed in lieu of conscription for various reasons, such as conscientious objection, inadequate health, or political reasons.

New!!: World War I and Alternative civilian service · See more »

American Battle Monuments Commission

The American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) is a small independent agency of the United States government that administers, operates, and maintains permanent U.S. military cemeteries, memorials and monuments both inside and outside the United States.

New!!: World War I and American Battle Monuments Commission · See more »

American Expeditionary Forces

The American Expeditionary Forces (A. E. F., A.E.F. or AEF) was a formation of the United States Army on the Western Front of World War I. The AEF was established on July 5, 1917, in France under the command of Gen.

New!!: World War I and American Expeditionary Forces · See more »

American Heritage (magazine)

American Heritage is a magazine dedicated to covering the history of the United States of America for a mainstream readership.

New!!: World War I and American Heritage (magazine) · See more »

Amman

Amman (عمّان) is the capital and most populous city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political and cultural centre.

New!!: World War I and Amman · See more »

Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies based on voluntary institutions.

New!!: World War I and Anarchism · See more »

Anatolia

Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.

New!!: World War I and Anatolia · See more »

Anglo-Russian Convention

The Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 or the Convention between the United Kingdom and Russia relating to Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet.

New!!: World War I and Anglo-Russian Convention · See more »

Ante Trumbić

Ante Trumbić (17 May 1864 – 17 November 1938) was a Croatian politician in the early 20th century.

New!!: World War I and Ante Trumbić · See more »

Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).

New!!: World War I and Anti-aircraft warfare · See more »

Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo

The anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo consisted of large-scale anti-Serb violence in Sarajevo on 28 and 29 June 1914 following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

New!!: World War I and Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo · See more »

Anti-submarine weapon

An anti-submarine weapon (ASW) is any one of a number of devices that are intended to act against a submarine and its crew, to destroy (sink) the vessel or reduce its capability as a weapon of war.

New!!: World War I and Anti-submarine weapon · See more »

Anti-war movement

An anti-war movement (also antiwar) is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.

New!!: World War I and Anti-war movement · See more »

Anzac Day

Anzac Day is a national day of remembrance in Australia and New Zealand that broadly commemorates all Australians and New Zealanders "who served and died in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations" and "the contribution and suffering of all those who have served".

New!!: World War I and Anzac Day · See more »

ANZAC Mounted Division

The Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division was a mounted infantry division of the British Empire during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and ANZAC Mounted Division · See more »

Arab nationalism

Arab nationalism (القومية العربية al-Qawmiyya al-`arabiyya) is a nationalist ideology that asserts the Arabs are a nation and promotes the unity of Arab people, celebrating the glories of Arab civilization, the language and literature of the Arabs, calling for rejuvenation and political union in the Arab world.

New!!: World War I and Arab nationalism · See more »

Arab Revolt

The Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية, al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya; Arap İsyanı) or Great Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية الكبرى, al-Thawra al-‘Arabiyya al-Kubrā) was officially initiated by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, at Mecca on June 10, 1916 (9 Sha'ban of the Islamic calendar for that year) although his sons ‘Ali and Faisal had already initiated operations at Medina starting on 5 June with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and creating a single unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.

New!!: World War I and Arab Revolt · See more »

Arab–Israeli conflict

The Arab–Israeli conflict refers to the political tension, military conflicts and disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel.

New!!: World War I and Arab–Israeli conflict · See more »

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

New!!: World War I and Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria · See more »

Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk (p), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia.

New!!: World War I and Arkhangelsk · See more »

Armenian Genocide

The Armenian Genocide (Հայոց ցեղասպանություն, Hayots tseghaspanutyun), also known as the Armenian Holocaust, was the Ottoman government's systematic extermination of 1.5 million Armenians, mostly citizens within the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and Armenian Genocide · See more »

Armenian Genocide denial

Armenian Genocide denial is the act of denying the planned systematic genocide of 1.5 million Armenians during World War I, conducted by the Ottoman government.

New!!: World War I and Armenian Genocide denial · See more »

Armenians

Armenians (հայեր, hayer) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian Highlands.

New!!: World War I and Armenians · See more »

Armistice

An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

New!!: World War I and Armistice · See more »

Armistice Day

Armistice Day is commemorated every year on 11 November to mark the armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany at Compiègne, France, for the cessation of hostilities on the Western Front of World War I, which took effect at eleven o'clock in the morning—the "eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month" of 1918.

New!!: World War I and Armistice Day · See more »

Armistice of 11 November 1918

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice that ended fighting on land, sea and air in World War I between the Allies and their last opponent, Germany.

New!!: World War I and Armistice of 11 November 1918 · See more »

Armistice of Mudros

The Armistice of Mudros (Mondros Mütarekesi), concluded on 30 October 1918, ended the hostilities, at noon the next day, in the Middle Eastern theatre between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I. It was signed by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and the British Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe, on board HMS ''Agamemnon'' in Moudros harbor on the Greek island of Lemnos.

New!!: World War I and Armistice of Mudros · See more »

Armistice of Salonica

The Armistice of Salonica (also known as the Armistice of Thessalonica) was signed on 29 September 1918 between Bulgaria and the Allied Powers in Thessaloniki.

New!!: World War I and Armistice of Salonica · See more »

Armistice of Villa Giusti

The Armistice of Villa Giusti ended warfare between Italy and Austria-Hungary on the Italian Front during World War I. The armistice was signed on 3 November 1918 in the Villa Giusti, outside Padua in the Veneto, northern Italy, and took effect 24 hours later.

New!!: World War I and Armistice of Villa Giusti · See more »

Armored car (military)

A military armored (or armoured) car is a lightweight wheeled armored fighting vehicle, historically employed for reconnaissance, internal security, armed escort, and other subordinate battlefield tasks.

New!!: World War I and Armored car (military) · See more »

Armoured warfare

Armoured warfare, mechanised warfare or tank warfare is the use of armoured fighting vehicles in modern warfare.

New!!: World War I and Armoured warfare · See more »

Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles

Article 231, often known as the War Guilt Clause, was the opening article of the reparations section of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended the First World War between the German Empire and the Allied and Associated Powers.

New!!: World War I and Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles · See more »

Artillery

Artillery is a class of large military weapons built to fire munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms.

New!!: World War I and Artillery · See more »

Asiago

Asiago (Cimbrian: Slege, German: Schlägen) is the name of both a major Italian PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) cheese and a minor township (population roughly 6,500) in the surrounding plateau region (the Altopiano di Asiago or Altopiano dei Sette Comuni, Asiago plateau) in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy.

New!!: World War I and Asiago · See more »

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, occurred on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo when they were mortally wounded by Gavrilo Princip.

New!!: World War I and Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand · See more »

Assyrian genocide

The Assyrian genocide (also known as Sayfo or Seyfo, "Sword"; ܩܛܠܥܡܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ or ܣܝܦܐ) refers to the mass slaughter of the Assyrian population of the Ottoman Empire and those in neighbouring Persia by Ottoman troops during the First World War, in conjunction with the Armenian and Greek genocides.

New!!: World War I and Assyrian genocide · See more »

Assyrian people

Assyrian people (ܐܫܘܪܝܐ), or Syriacs (see terms for Syriac Christians), are an ethnic group indigenous to the Middle East.

New!!: World War I and Assyrian people · See more »

Athens

Athens (Αθήνα, Athína; Ἀθῆναι, Athênai) is the capital and largest city of Greece.

New!!: World War I and Athens · See more »

Attack submarine

An attack submarine or hunter-killer submarine is a submarine specifically designed for the purpose of attacking and sinking other submarines, surface combatants and merchant vessels.

New!!: World War I and Attack submarine · See more »

Attrition warfare

Attrition warfare is a military strategy consisting of belligerent attempts to win a war by wearing down the enemy to the point of collapse through continuous losses in personnel and materiel.

New!!: World War I and Attrition warfare · See more »

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps

The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) was a First World War army corps of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force.

New!!: World War I and Australian and New Zealand Army Corps · See more »

Australian conscription referendum, 1917

The 1917 Australian plebiscite was held on 20 December 1917.

New!!: World War I and Australian conscription referendum, 1917 · See more »

Australian Labor Party

The Australian Labor Party (ALP, also Labor, was Labour before 1912) is a political party in Australia.

New!!: World War I and Australian Labor Party · See more »

Australian Light Horse

Australian Light Horse were mounted troops with characteristics of both cavalry and mounted infantry, who served in the Second Boer War and World War I. During the inter-war years, a number of regiments were raised as part of Australia's part-time military force.

New!!: World War I and Australian Light Horse · See more »

Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force

The Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force (AN&MEF) was a small volunteer force of approximately 2,000 men, raised in Australia shortly after the outbreak of the First World War to seize and destroy German wireless stations in German New Guinea in the south-west Pacific.

New!!: World War I and Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force · See more »

Australian War Memorial

The Australian War Memorial is Australia's national memorial to the members of its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia.

New!!: World War I and Australian War Memorial · See more »

Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

New!!: World War I and Austria-Hungary · See more »

Austrian Littoral

The Austrian Littoral (Österreichisches Küstenland, Litorale Austriaco, Avstrijsko primorje, Austrijsko primorje, Osztrák Partvidék) was a crown land (Kronland) of the Austrian Empire, established in 1849.

New!!: World War I and Austrian Littoral · See more »

Austro-Hungarian Army

The Austro-Hungarian Army (Landstreitkräfte Österreich-Ungarns; Császári és Királyi Hadsereg) was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918.

New!!: World War I and Austro-Hungarian Army · See more »

Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878

The campaign to establish Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina lasted from 29 July to 20 October 1878 against the local resistance fighters supported by the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 · See more »

Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR; Azərbaycan Demokratik Respublikası), also known as Azerbaijan People's Republic (Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti) or Caucasus Azerbaijan in diplomatic documents, was the third democratic republic in the Turkic world and Muslim world, after the Crimean People's Republic and Idel-Ural Republic.

New!!: World War I and Azerbaijan Democratic Republic · See more »

Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis or Azeris (Azərbaycanlılar آذربایجانلیلار, Azərilər آذریلر), also known as Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri آذربایجان تورکلری), are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Iranian region of Azerbaijan and the sovereign (former Soviet) Republic of Azerbaijan.

New!!: World War I and Azerbaijanis · See more »

Baghdad

Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.

New!!: World War I and Baghdad · See more »

Baku

Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region, with a population of 2,374,000.

New!!: World War I and Baku · See more »

Balance of power (international relations)

The balance of power theory in international relations suggests that national security is enhanced when military capability is distributed so that no one state is strong enough to dominate all others.

New!!: World War I and Balance of power (international relations) · See more »

Balfour Declaration

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued by the British government during World War I announcing support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, then an Ottoman region with a minority Jewish population (around 3–5% of the total).

New!!: World War I and Balfour Declaration · See more »

Balkan League

The Balkan League was an alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Balkan kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, which at the time still controlled much of the Balkan peninsula.

New!!: World War I and Balkan League · See more »

Balkans

The Balkans, or the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographic area in southeastern Europe with various and disputed definitions.

New!!: World War I and Balkans · See more »

Baltic states

The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

New!!: World War I and Baltic states · See more »

Banat

The Banat is a geographical and historical region in Central Europe that is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of Timiș, Caraș-Severin, Arad south of the Körös/Criș river, and the western part of Mehedinți); the western part in northeastern Serbia (mostly included in Vojvodina, except a part included in the Belgrade Region); and a small northern part lies within southeastern Hungary (Csongrád county).

New!!: World War I and Banat · See more »

Banjšice Plateau

The Banjšice Plateau (Banjška planota, also Banjšice or Banjščice, Altopiano della Bainsizza) is a karst plateau in western Slovenia, in the traditional region of Goriška.

New!!: World War I and Banjšice Plateau · See more »

Barbed wire

Barbed wire, also known as barb wire, less often as bob wire or, in the southeastern United States, bobbed wire, is a type of steel fencing wire constructed with sharp edges or points arranged at intervals along the strand(s).

New!!: World War I and Barbed wire · See more »

Basmachi movement

The Basmachi movement (Басмачество, Basmachestvo) or Basmachi Revolt was an uprising against Russian Imperial and Soviet rule by the Muslim peoples of Central Asia.

New!!: World War I and Basmachi movement · See more »

Batterie Pommern

Batterie Pommern, also known as Lange Max, was the world's biggest gun in 1917, during World War I. The German gun was of type 38 cm SK L/45 "Max" and had a modified design by Krupp compared to earlier German 38 cm gun types.

New!!: World War I and Batterie Pommern · See more »

Battle of Albert (1918)

Battle of Albert (21–23 August 1918) was the third battle by that name fought during World War I, following the First Battle of Albert and the Second Battle of Albert, with each of the series of three being fought roughly two years apart.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Albert (1918) · See more »

Battle of Amiens (1918)

The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy (3ème Bataille de Picardie), was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, that ultimately led to the end of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Amiens (1918) · See more »

Battle of Arara

The Battle of Arara took place on 19 September 1918 during the Battle of Sharon, which along with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought between 19 and 25 September in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Arara · See more »

Battle of Arras (1917)

The Battle of Arras (also known as the Second Battle of Arras) was a British offensive on the Western Front during World War I. From 9 April to 16 May 1917, British troops attacked German defences near the French city of Arras on the Western Front.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Arras (1917) · See more »

Battle of Asiago

The Battle of Asiago (Battle of the Plateaux) or the Trentino Offensive (in Italian: Battaglia degli Altipiani), nicknamed Strafexpedition ("Punitive expedition") by the Austrians, was a counteroffensive launched by the Austro-Hungarians on the Italian Front on 15 May 1916, during World War I. It was an unexpected attack that took place near Asiago in the province of Vicenza (now in northeast Italy, then on the Italian side of the border between the Kingdom of Italy and Austria-Hungary) after the Fifth Battle of the Isonzo (March 1916).

New!!: World War I and Battle of Asiago · See more »

Battle of Bakhmach

Battle of Bakhmach (Bitva u Bachmače in Czech), was a last battle on the Eastern Front in World War I between the Entente Powers backed Czechoslovak Legion, the proto-Soviet Union (Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine) and the Central Powers (German Empire and Austria-Hungary forces) occupying Ukraine after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Bakhmach · See more »

Battle of Beersheba (1917)

The Battle of Beersheba (Birüssebi Muharebesi, Schlacht von Birüssebi)The several battles fought for the Gaza to Beersheba line between 31 October and 7 November were all assigned the title Third Battle of Gaza, although they took place many miles apart, and were fought by different corps.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Beersheba (1917) · See more »

Battle of Belleau Wood

The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918) occurred during the German Spring Offensive in World War I, near the Marne River in France.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Belleau Wood · See more »

Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge

The Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge (3 October to 27 October 1918) occurred during World War I, northeast of Reims, in Champagne, France.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge · See more »

Battle of Bucharest

The Battle of Bucharest, also known as the Argeş-Neajlov Defensive Operation in Romania, was an important battle of the Romanian Campaign in World War I, in which the Central Powers occupied the Romanian capital and forced the Romanian Government, as well as the remnants of the Romanian Army to retreat to Moldavia and re-establish its capital at Iaşi.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Bucharest · See more »

Battle of Cambrai (1917)

The Battle of Cambrai (Battle of Cambrai, 1917, First Battle of Cambrai and Schlacht von Cambrai) was a British attack followed by the biggest German counter-attack against the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) since 1914, in the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Cambrai (1917) · See more »

Battle of Cambrai (1918)

The Battle of Cambrai, 1918 (also known as the Second Battle of Cambrai) was a battle between troops of the British First, Third and Fourth Armies and German Empire forces during the Hundred Days Offensive of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Cambrai (1918) · See more »

Battle of Caporetto

The Battle of Caporetto (also known as the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, the Battle of Kobarid or the Battle of Karfreit as it was known by the Central Powers) was a battle on the Austro-Italian front of World War I. The battle was fought between the Entente and the Central Powers and took place from 24 October to 19 November 1917, near the town of Kobarid (now in north-western Slovenia, then part of the Austrian Littoral).

New!!: World War I and Battle of Caporetto · See more »

Battle of Cer

The Battle of Cer was a military campaign fought between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in August 1914 during the early stages of the Serbian Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Cer · See more »

Battle of Château-Thierry (1918)

The Battle of Château-Thierry was fought on July 18, 1918 and was one of the first actions of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) under General John J. "Black Jack" Pershing.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Château-Thierry (1918) · See more »

Battle of Coronel

The Battle of Coronel was a First World War Imperial German Naval victory over the Royal Navy on 1 November 1914, off the coast of central Chile near the city of Coronel.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Coronel · See more »

Battle of Doberdò

The Battle of Doberdò was one of the bloodiest battlefields of World War I, fought in August 1916 between the Italian and Austro-Hungarian Armies, composed mostly of Hungarian and Slovenian regiments.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Doberdò · See more »

Battle of Dobro Pole

The Battle of Dobro Pole (Битка код Доброг Поља, Bitka Kod Dobrog Polja, Μάχη του Ντόμπρο Πόλε, Máchi tou Dómbro Póle), also known as the Breakthrough at Dobro Pole (Пробив при Добро Поле, Probiv Pri Dobro Pole), was a World War I battle, fought between 15 and 18 September 1918.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Dobro Pole · See more »

Battle of Flers–Courcelette

The Battle of Flers–Courcelette was fought during the Battle of the Somme in France, by the French Sixth Army and the British Fourth Army and Reserve Army, against the German 1st Army, during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Flers–Courcelette · See more »

Battle of Galicia

The Battle of Galicia, also known as the Battle of Lemberg, was a major battle between Russia and Austria-Hungary during the early stages of World War I in 1914.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Galicia · See more »

Battle of Haifa (1918)

The Battle of Haifa was fought on 23 September 1918 towards the end of the Battle of Sharon which together with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought between 19 and 25 September during the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Haifa (1918) · See more »

Battle of Jerusalem

The Battle of Jerusalem occurred during the British Empire's "Jerusalem Operations" against the Ottoman Empire, when fighting for the city developed from 17 November, continuing after the surrender until 30 December 1917, to secure the final objective of the Southern Palestine Offensive during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I. Before Jerusalem could be secured, two battles were recognised by the British as being fought in the Judean Hills to the north and east of the Hebron–Junction Station line.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Jerusalem · See more »

Battle of Jugla

The Battle of Jugla was a defensive battle of the Russian Republic's 12th Army of the First World War from 1 to 3 September 1917.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Jugla · See more »

Battle of Jutland

The Battle of Jutland (Skagerrakschlacht, the Battle of Skagerrak) was a naval battle fought by the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, against the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Jutland · See more »

Battle of Kolubara

The Battle of Kolubara (Колубарска битка, Schlacht an der Kolubara) was a campaign fought between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in November and December 1914, during the Serbian Campaign of World War I. It commenced on 16 November, when the Austro-Hungarians under the command of Oskar Potiorek reached the Kolubara River during their third invasion of Serbia that year, having captured the strategic town of Valjevo and forced the Serbian Army to undertake a series of retreats.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Kolubara · See more »

Battle of Magdhaba

The Battle of Magdhaba (officially known by the British as the Affair of Magdhaba) took place on 23 December 1916 during the Defence of Egypt section of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Magdhaba · See more »

Battle of Más a Tierra

The Battle of Más a Tierra was a First World War sea battle fought on 14 March 1915, near the Chilean island of Más a Tierra, between a British squadron and a German light cruiser.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Más a Tierra · See more »

Battle of Mecca (1916)

The Battle of Mecca occurred in the Muslim holy city of Mecca in June and July 1916.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Mecca (1916) · See more »

Battle of Megiddo (1918)

The Battle of Megiddo (Megiddo Muharebesi) also known in Turkish as the Nablus Hezimeti ("Rout of Nablus"), or the Nablus Yarması ("Breakthrough at Nablus") was fought between 19 and 25 September 1918, on the Plain of Sharon, in front of Tulkarm, Tabsor and Arara in the Judean Hills as well as on the Esdralon Plain at Nazareth, Afulah, Beisan, Jenin and Samakh.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Megiddo (1918) · See more »

Battle of Mojkovac

The Battle of Mojkovac was a World War I battle fought between 6 January and 7 January 1916 near Mojkovac, Montenegro, between the armies of Austria-Hungary and Montenegro.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Mojkovac · See more »

Battle of Mughar Ridge

The Battle of Mughar Ridge, officially known by the British as the Action of El Mughar, took place on 13 November 1917 during the Pursuit phase of the Southern Palestine Offensive of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Mughar Ridge · See more »

Battle of Mulhouse

The Battle of Mulhouse (Mülhausen), also called the Battle of Alsace (Bataille d'Alsace), which began on 7 August 1914, was the opening attack of World War I by the French Army against Germany.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Mulhouse · See more »

Battle of Nablus (1918)

The Battle of Nablus took place, together with the Battle of Sharon during the set piece Battle of Megiddo between 19 and 25 September 1918 in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Nablus (1918) · See more »

Battle of Nazareth

The Battle of Nazareth began on 20 September 1918, during the Battle of Sharon, which together with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought during the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Nazareth · See more »

Battle of Passchendaele

The Battle of Passchendaele (Flandernschlacht, Deuxième Bataille des Flandres), also known as the Third Battle of Ypres, was a campaign of the First World War, fought by the Allies against the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Passchendaele · See more »

Battle of Penang

The Battle of Penang occurred on 28 October 1914, during World War I. It was a naval action in the Strait of Malacca, in which the German cruiser sank two Allied warships.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Penang · See more »

Battle of Rafa

The Battle of Rafa, also known as the Action of Rafah, fought on 9 January 1917, was the third and final battle to complete the recapture of the Sinai Peninsula by British forces during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Rafa · See more »

Battle of Romani

The Battle of Romani was the last ground attack of the Central Powers on the Suez Canal at the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Romani · See more »

Battle of Samakh

The Battle of Samakh was fought on 25 September 1918, during the Battle of Sharon which together with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought from 19 to 25 September 1918, in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Samakh · See more »

Battle of Sardarabad

The Battle of Sardarabad (Սարդարապատի ճակատամարտ, Sardarapati č̣akatamart; Serdarabad Muharebesi) was a battle of the Caucasus Campaign of World War I that took place near Sardarabad, Armenia from 22 to 29 May 1918, between the regular Armenian military units and militia on one side and the Ottoman army that had invaded Eastern Armenia on the other. Sardarabad was only 40 kilometers west of the city of Yerevan. The battle is currently seen as not only stopping the Ottoman advance into the rest of Armenia, but also preventing complete destruction of the Armenian nation. In the words of Christopher J. Walker, had the Armenians lost this battle, "t is perfectly possible that the word Armenia would have henceforth denoted only an antique geographical term.".

New!!: World War I and Battle of Sardarabad · See more »

Battle of Sarikamish

The Battle of Sarikamish (Սարիղամիշի ճակատամարտ (Sarighamishi chakatamart), Сражение при Сарыкамыше; Sarıkamış Harekatı) was an engagement between the Russian and Ottoman empires during World War I. It took place from December 22, 1914, to January 17, 1915, as part of the Caucasus Campaign.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Sarikamish · See more »

Battle of Soissons (1918)

The Battle of Soissons (also known as the Battle of the Soissonnais and of the Ourcq (Bataille du Soissonnais et de L'Ourcq) was a battle during World War I, waged from 18 to 22 July 1918, between the French (with American and British assistance) and German armies. Ferdinand Foch, the Allied Supreme Commander, launched the offensive on 18 July; 24 French divisions and 2 British and 2 U.S. divisions under French command, supported by approximately 478 tanks, sought to eliminate the salient that was aimed at Paris. The Allies suffered 107,000 casualties (95,000 French and 12,000 American), while the Germans suffered 168,000 casualties. The battle ended with the French recapturing most of the ground lost to the German Spring Offensive in May 1918. Adolf Hitler, the future Führer of Nazi Germany, earned and was awarded the Iron Cross First Class at Soissons on August 4th 1918.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Soissons (1918) · See more »

Battle of Tabsor

The Battle of Tabsor was fought on 19–20 September 1918 beginning the Battle of Sharon, which along with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought between 19 and 25 September in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Tabsor · See more »

Battle of Tannenberg

The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between the 26th and 30th of August 1914, the first month of World War I. The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russian Second Army and the suicide of its commanding general, Alexander Samsonov.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Tannenberg · See more »

Battle of the Falkland Islands

The Battle of the Falkland Islands was a naval action between the British Royal Navy and Imperial German Navy on 8 December 1914, during the First World War in the South Atlantic.

New!!: World War I and Battle of the Falkland Islands · See more »

Battle of the Frontiers

The Battle of the Frontiers was a series of battles fought along the eastern frontier of France and in southern Belgium, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of the Frontiers · See more »

Battle of the Lys (1918)

The Battle of the Lys, also known as the Lys Offensive, the Fourth Battle of Ypres, the Fourth Battle of Flanders and Operation Georgette (Batalha de La Lys and 3ème Bataille des Flandres), was part of the 1918 German offensive in Flanders during World War I, also known as the Spring Offensive.

New!!: World War I and Battle of the Lys (1918) · See more »

Battle of the Somme

The Battle of the Somme (Bataille de la Somme, Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme Offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and France against the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and Battle of the Somme · See more »

Battle of Transylvania

The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of the Romanian forces Campaign during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Transylvania · See more »

Battle of Tulkarm

The Battle of Tulkarm took place on 19 September 1918, beginning of the Battle of Sharon, which along with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought between 19 and 25 September in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Tulkarm · See more »

Battle of Verdun

The Battle of Verdun (Bataille de Verdun,, Schlacht um Verdun), fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916, was the largest and longest battle of the First World War on the Western Front between the German and French armies.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Verdun · See more »

Battle of Vimy Ridge

The Battle of Vimy Ridge was part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France, during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Vimy Ridge · See more »

Battle of Vittorio Veneto

The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. The Italian victory marked the end of the war on the Italian Front, secured the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and contributed to the end of the First World War just one week later.

New!!: World War I and Battle of Vittorio Veneto · See more »

Battle of Zborov (1917)

The Battle of Zborov (Зборовское сражение in Russian, Schlacht bei Zborów in German, bitva u Zborova in Czech, bitka pri Zborove in Slovak) was a part of the Kerensky Offensive, (the last Russian offensive in World War I, taking place in July 1917).

New!!: World War I and Battle of Zborov (1917) · See more »

Battles of the Isonzo

The Battles of the Isonzo (known as the Isonzo Front by historians, soška fronta) were a series of 12 battles between the Austro-Hungarian and Italian armies in World War I mostly on the territory of present-day Slovenia, and the remainder in Italy along the Isonzo River on the eastern sector of the Italian Front between June 1915 and November 1917.

New!!: World War I and Battles of the Isonzo · See more »

Belgrade

Belgrade (Beograd / Београд, meaning "White city",; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia.

New!!: World War I and Belgrade · See more »

Belle Époque

The Belle Époque or La Belle Époque (French for "Beautiful Era") was a period of Western history.

New!!: World War I and Belle Époque · See more »

Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF).

New!!: World War I and Benito Mussolini · See more »

Bermuda

Bermuda is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean.

New!!: World War I and Bermuda · See more »

Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate.

New!!: World War I and Bertrand Russell · See more »

Bessarabia

Bessarabia (Basarabia; Бессарабия, Bessarabiya; Besarabya; Бессара́бія, Bessarabiya; Бесарабия, Besarabiya) is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west.

New!!: World War I and Bessarabia · See more »

Bibliography of World War I

List of World War I books is a bibliography using APA style citations of a selection of books on World War I.

New!!: World War I and Bibliography of World War I · See more »

Big Bertha (howitzer)

Big Bertha (lit) is the name of a type of super-heavy siege artillery developed by the armaments manufacturer Krupp in Germany and used in World Wars I and II.

New!!: World War I and Big Bertha (howitzer) · See more »

Billy Hughes

William Morris Hughes, (25 September 186228 October 1952) was an Australian politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1915 to 1923.

New!!: World War I and Billy Hughes · See more »

Bitola

Bitola (Битола known also by several alternative names) is a city in the southwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia.

New!!: World War I and Bitola · See more »

Black Hand (Serbia)

Unification or Death (Уједињење или смрт / Ujedinjenje ili smrt), popularly known as the Black Hand (Црна рука / Crna ruka), was a secret military society formed on 9 May 1911 by officers in the Army of the Kingdom of Serbia, originating in the conspiracy group that assassinated the Serbian royal couple (1903), led by captain Dragutin Dimitrijević "Apis".

New!!: World War I and Black Hand (Serbia) · See more »

Blimp

A blimp, or non-rigid airship, is an airship (dirigible) or barrage balloon without an internal structural framework or a keel.

New!!: World War I and Blimp · See more »

Blockade of Germany

The Blockade of Germany, or the Blockade of Europe, occurred from 1914 to 1919.

New!!: World War I and Blockade of Germany · See more »

Bolsheviks

The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (p; derived from bol'shinstvo (большинство), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority"), were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.

New!!: World War I and Bolsheviks · See more »

Bosnia (region)

Bosnia (Bosna/Босна) is the northern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, encompassing roughly 81% of the country; the other eponymous region, the southern part, is Herzegovina.

New!!: World War I and Bosnia (region) · See more »

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina (or; abbreviated B&H; Bosnian and Serbian: Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) / Боснa и Херцеговина (БиХ), Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH)), sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina, and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeastern Europe located on the Balkan Peninsula.

New!!: World War I and Bosnia and Herzegovina · See more »

Bosniaks

The Bosniaks (Bošnjaci,; singular masculine: Bošnjak, feminine: Bošnjakinja) are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group inhabiting mainly the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

New!!: World War I and Bosniaks · See more »

Bosnian crisis

The Bosnian crisis of 1908–09, also known as the Annexation crisis or the First Balkan Crisis, erupted when on 8 October 1908, Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, territories formally within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and Bosnian crisis · See more »

British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces.

New!!: World War I and British Army · See more »

British Expeditionary Force (World War I)

The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was the British Army sent to the Western Front during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and British Expeditionary Force (World War I) · See more »

British heavy tanks of World War I

British heavy tanks were a series of related armoured fighting vehicles developed by the UK during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and British heavy tanks of World War I · See more »

British Indian Army

The Indian Army (IA), often known since 1947 (but rarely during its existence) as the British Indian Army to distinguish it from the current Indian Army, was the principal military of the British Indian Empire before its decommissioning in 1947.

New!!: World War I and British Indian Army · See more »

British occupation of the Jordan Valley

The occupation of the Jordan Valley by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) began in February 1918 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I. After the Capture of Jericho in February the Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment began patrolling an area of the Jordan Valley near Jericho at the base of the road from Jerusalem.

New!!: World War I and British occupation of the Jordan Valley · See more »

British R-class submarine

The R-class submarines were a class of 12 small British diesel-electric submarines built for the Royal Navy during World War I, and were forerunners of the modern attack submarine, in that they were designed specifically to attack and sink enemy submarines, their battery capacity and hull shape being optimized for underwater performance.

New!!: World War I and British R-class submarine · See more »

Brodie helmet

The Brodie helmet is a steel combat helmet designed and patented in London in 1915 by John Leopold Brodie.

New!!: World War I and Brodie helmet · See more »

Brusilov Offensive

The Brusilov Offensive (Брусиловский прорыв Brusilovskiĭ proryv, literally: "Brusilov's breakthrough"), also known as the "June Advance", of June to September 1916 was the Russian Empire’s greatest feat of arms during World War I, and among the most lethal offensives in world history.

New!!: World War I and Brusilov Offensive · See more »

Bucharest

Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre.

New!!: World War I and Bucharest · See more »

Budapest

Budapest is the capital and the most populous city of Hungary, and one of the largest cities in the European Union.

New!!: World War I and Budapest · See more »

Cadet

A cadet is a trainee.

New!!: World War I and Cadet · See more »

Canadian Corps

The Canadian Corps was a World War I corps formed from the Canadian Expeditionary Force in September 1915 after the arrival of the 2nd Canadian Division in France.

New!!: World War I and Canadian Corps · See more »

Canadian War Museum

The Canadian War Museum (CWM) (Musée canadien de la guerre) is Canada's national museum of military history.

New!!: World War I and Canadian War Museum · See more »

Capital ship

The capital ships of a navy are its most important warships; they are generally the larger ships when compared to other warships in their respective fleet.

New!!: World War I and Capital ship · See more »

Capture of Afulah and Beisan

The Capture of Afulah and Beisan occurred on 20 September 1918, during the Battle of Sharon which together with the Nablus, formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought during the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Capture of Afulah and Beisan · See more »

Capture of Jenin

The Capture of Jenin occurred on 20 September 1918, during the Battle of Sharon which together with the Battle of Nablus formed the set piece Battle of Megiddo fought between 19 and 25 September during the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Capture of Jenin · See more »

Capture of Jericho

The Capture of Jericho occurred between 19 and 21 February 1918 to the east of Jerusalem beginning the Occupation of the Jordan Valley during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Capture of Jericho · See more »

Carpathian Mountains

The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a mountain range system forming an arc roughly long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the second-longest mountain range in Europe (after the Scandinavian Mountains). They provide the habitat for the largest European populations of brown bears, wolves, chamois, and lynxes, with the highest concentration in Romania, as well as over one third of all European plant species.

New!!: World War I and Carpathian Mountains · See more »

Caspian Sea

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.

New!!: World War I and Caspian Sea · See more »

Casus belli

Casus belli is a Latin expression meaning "an act or event that provokes or is used to justify war" (literally, "a case of war").

New!!: World War I and Casus belli · See more »

Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.

New!!: World War I and Caucasus · See more »

CBC News

CBC News is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation responsible for the news gathering and production of news programs on the corporation's English-language operations, namely CBC Television, CBC Radio, CBC News Network, and CBC.ca.

New!!: World War I and CBC News · See more »

Centenary of the outbreak of World War I

The centenary of the outbreak of World War I was commemorated in Europe in late July and early August 2014.

New!!: World War I and Centenary of the outbreak of World War I · See more »

Central Powers

The Central Powers (Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttifak Devletleri / Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit), consisting of Germany,, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria – hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance (Vierbund) – was one of the two main factions during World War I (1914–18).

New!!: World War I and Central Powers · See more »

Centrocaspian Dictatorship

The Central-Caspian Dictatorship (Диктатура Центрокаспия, Diktatura Tsentrokaspiya) (Azerbaijani: Sentrokaspi Diktaturası), or the Centro-Caspian Dictatorship, was a short-lived anti-Soviet administration proclaimed in the city of Baku during World War I. Created from an alliance of Russian Socialist-Revolutionaries, Mensheviks and the Dashnaks, it replaced the Bolshevik Baku Commune in a bloodless coup d'état on July 26, 1918, and fell on September 15, 1918, when Ottoman-Azerbaijani forces captured Baku.

New!!: World War I and Centrocaspian Dictatorship · See more »

Cevat Çobanlı

Cevat Çobanlı (14 September 1870 or 1871 – 13 March 1938) was a military commander of the Ottoman Army, War Minister (Harbiye Nazırı) of the Ottoman Empire and a general of the Turkish Army.

New!!: World War I and Cevat Çobanlı · See more »

Chaim Weizmann

Chaim Azriel Weizmann (חיים עזריאל ויצמן, Хаим Вейцман Khaim Veytsman; 27 November 1874 – 9 November 1952) was a Zionist leader and Israeli statesman who served as President of the Zionist Organization and later as the first President of Israel.

New!!: World War I and Chaim Weizmann · See more »

Champagne (province)

Champagne is a historical province in the northeast of France, now best known as the Champagne wine region for the sparkling white wine that bears its name.

New!!: World War I and Champagne (province) · See more »

Chancellor

Chancellor (cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations.

New!!: World War I and Chancellor · See more »

Charles I of Austria

Charles I or Karl I (Karl Franz Joseph Ludwig Hubert Georg Otto Maria; 17 August 18871 April 1922) was the last reigning monarch of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

New!!: World War I and Charles I of Austria · See more »

Chemical warfare

Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons.

New!!: World War I and Chemical warfare · See more »

Chemical weapons in World War I

The use of toxic chemicals as weapons dates back thousands of years, but the first large scale use of chemical weapons was during World War I. They were primarily used to demoralize, injure, and kill entrenched defenders, against whom the indiscriminate and generally very slow-moving or static nature of gas clouds would be most effective.

New!!: World War I and Chemical weapons in World War I · See more »

Chicago Tribune

The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.

New!!: World War I and Chicago Tribune · See more »

Chlorine

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.

New!!: World War I and Chlorine · See more »

Christopher R. W. Nevinson

Christopher Richard Wynne Nevinson (13 August 1889 – 7 October 1946) was an English figure and landscape painter, etcher and lithographer, who was one of the most famous war artists of World War I. He is often referred to by his initials C. R. W. Nevinson, and was also known as Richard.

New!!: World War I and Christopher R. W. Nevinson · See more »

Civilian

A civilian is "a person who is not a member of the military or of a police or firefighting force".

New!!: World War I and Civilian · See more »

Class conflict

Class conflict, frequently referred to as class warfare or class struggle, is the tension or antagonism which exists in society due to competing socioeconomic interests and desires between people of different classes.

New!!: World War I and Class conflict · See more »

Close air support

In military tactics, close air support (CAS) is defined as air action such as air strikes by fixed or rotary-winged aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and which requires detailed integration of each air mission with fire and movement of these forces and attacks with aerial bombs, glide bombs, missiles, rockets, aircraft cannons, machine guns, and even directed-energy weapons such as lasers.

New!!: World War I and Close air support · See more »

Cobh

Cobh, known from 1849 until 1920 as Queenstown, is a tourist seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland.

New!!: World War I and Cobh · See more »

Code name

A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project or person.

New!!: World War I and Code name · See more »

Collective memory

Collective memory is the shared pool of knowledge and information in the memories of two or more members of a social group.

New!!: World War I and Collective memory · See more »

Combat stress reaction

Combat stress reaction (CSR) is a term used within the military to describe acute behavioral disorganization seen by medical personnel as a direct result of the trauma of war.

New!!: World War I and Combat stress reaction · See more »

Combatant

Combatant is a term of art which describes the legal status of an individual who has the right to engage in hostilities during an international armed conflict.

New!!: World War I and Combatant · See more »

Combined arms

Combined arms is an approach to warfare which seeks to integrate different combat arms of a military to achieve mutually complementary effects (for example, using infantry and armor in an urban environment, where one supports the other, or both support each other).

New!!: World War I and Combined arms · See more »

Commonwealth War Graves Commission

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) is an intergovernmental organisation of six independent member states whose principal function is to mark, record and maintain the graves and places of commemoration of Commonwealth of Nations military service members who died in the two World Wars.

New!!: World War I and Commonwealth War Graves Commission · See more »

Compiègne

Compiègne is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

New!!: World War I and Compiègne · See more »

Congress Poland

The Kingdom of Poland, informally known as Congress Poland or Russian Poland, was created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a sovereign state of the Russian part of Poland connected by personal union with the Russian Empire under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland until 1832.

New!!: World War I and Congress Poland · See more »

Conscientious objector

A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.

New!!: World War I and Conscientious objector · See more »

Conscription

Conscription, sometimes called the draft, is the compulsory enlistment of people in a national service, most often a military service.

New!!: World War I and Conscription · See more »

Conscription Crisis of 1917

The Conscription Crisis of 1917 (Crise de la conscription de 1917) was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I. It was mainly caused by disagreement on whether men should be conscripted to fight in the war.

New!!: World War I and Conscription Crisis of 1917 · See more »

Conscription Crisis of 1918

The Conscription Crisis of 1918 stemmed from a move by the British government to impose conscription (military draft) in Ireland in April 1918 during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Conscription Crisis of 1918 · See more »

Constantine I of Greece

Constantine I (Κωνσταντίνος Αʹ, Konstantínos I; – 11 January 1923) was King of Greece from 1913 to 1917 and from 1920 to 1922.

New!!: World War I and Constantine I of Greece · See more »

Convoy

A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection.

New!!: World War I and Convoy · See more »

Convoys in World War I

The convoy—a group of merchantmen or troopships traveling together with a naval escort—was revived during World War I (1914–18), after having been discarded at the start of the Age of Steam.

New!!: World War I and Convoys in World War I · See more »

Council on Foreign Relations

The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), founded in 1921, is a United States nonprofit think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs.

New!!: World War I and Council on Foreign Relations · See more »

Counter-battery fire

Counter-battery fire (sometimes called counter-fire) is a battlefield military activity to defeat the enemy's indirect fire elements (guns, rocket launchers, artillery and mortars), including their target acquisition, command and control components.

New!!: World War I and Counter-battery fire · See more »

CRC Press

The CRC Press, LLC is a publishing group based in the United States that specializes in producing technical books.

New!!: World War I and CRC Press · See more »

Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to as the Bosnian Croats, are the third most populous ethnic group in that country after Bosniaks and Serbs, and are one of the constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

New!!: World War I and Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina · See more »

Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)

The Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (War Cross) is a French military decoration, the first version of the Croix de guerre.

New!!: World War I and Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France) · See more »

Cruiser

A cruiser is a type of warship.

New!!: World War I and Cruiser · See more »

Cvjetko Popović

Cvjetko Popović (Serbian Cyrillic: Цвјетко Поповић; 1896 – 9 June 1980) was a Bosnian Serb who was involved in the 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

New!!: World War I and Cvjetko Popović · See more »

Czechoslovak Legion

The Czechoslovak Legion (Československé legie in Czech and Slovak) were volunteer armed forces composed predominantly of Czechs with a small number of Slovaks (approximately 8 percent) fighting together with the Entente powers during World War I. Their goal was to win the Allied Powers' support for the independence of Bohemia and Moravia from the Austrian Empire and of Slovak territories from the Kingdom of Hungary, which were then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

New!!: World War I and Czechoslovak Legion · See more »

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

New!!: World War I and Czechoslovakia · See more »

Dalmatia

Dalmatia (Dalmacija; see names in other languages) is one of the four historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia and Istria.

New!!: World War I and Dalmatia · See more »

Damascus

Damascus (دمشق, Syrian) is the capital of the Syrian Arab Republic; it is also the country's largest city, following the decline in population of Aleppo due to the battle for the city.

New!!: World War I and Damascus · See more »

Daraa

Daraa (درعا, Levantine Arabic:, also Darʿā, Dara’a, Deraa, Dera'a, Dera, Derʿā and Edrei; means "fortress", compare Dura-Europos) is a city in southwestern Syria, located about north of the border with Jordan.

New!!: World War I and Daraa · See more »

David A. Andelman

David A. Andelman (born October 6, 1944) is an American journalist, commentator and author.

New!!: World War I and David A. Andelman · See more »

David Lloyd George

David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party and the final Liberal to serve as Prime Minister.

New!!: World War I and David Lloyd George · See more »

Death march

A death march is a forced march of prisoners of war or other captives or deportees in which individuals are left to die along the way.

New!!: World War I and Death march · See more »

Death rates in the 20th century

Death Rates in the 20th century is the ratio of deaths compared to the population around the world throughout the 20th century.

New!!: World War I and Death rates in the 20th century · See more »

Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire

Beginning from the late eighteenth century, the Ottoman Empire faced challenges defending itself against foreign invasion and occupation.

New!!: World War I and Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire · See more »

Democratic Republic of Georgia

The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა) existed from May 1918 to February 1921 and was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia. The DRG was created after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its established borders were with the Kuban People's Republic and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus in the north, the Ottoman Empire and the First Republic of Armenia in the south, and the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in the southeast. It had a total land area of roughly 107,600 km2 (by comparison, the total area of today's Georgia is 69,700 km2), and a population of 2.5 million. The republic's capital was Tbilisi, and its state language was Georgian. Proclaimed on May 26, 1918, on the break-up of the Transcaucasian Federation, it was led by the Georgian Social Democratic Party (also known as the Georgian Menshevik Party). Facing permanent internal and external problems, the young state was unable to withstand invasion by the Russian SFSR Red Armies, and collapsed between February and March 1921 to become a Soviet republic.

New!!: World War I and Democratic Republic of Georgia · See more »

Depth charge

A depth charge is an anti-submarine warfare weapon.

New!!: World War I and Depth charge · See more »

Dervish state

The Dervish state (Dawlada Daraawiish, دولة الدراويش Dawlat ad-Darāwīsh) was an early 20th-century Somali Muslim kingdom.

New!!: World War I and Dervish state · See more »

Desert Mounted Corps

The Desert Mounted Corps was an army corps of the British Army during the First World War, of three mounted divisions renamed in August 1917 by General Edmund Allenby, from Desert Column.

New!!: World War I and Desert Mounted Corps · See more »

Destroyer

In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, maneuverable long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller powerful short-range attackers.

New!!: World War I and Destroyer · See more »

Diktat

A diktat is a statute, harsh penalty or settlement imposed upon a defeated party by the victor, or a dogmatic decree.

New!!: World War I and Diktat · See more »

Diplomatic history of World War I

The Diplomatic history of World War I covers the non-military interactions among the major players during World War I. For the domestic histories see Home front during World War I. For a longer-term perspective see International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919) and Causes of World War I. For the following era see International relations (1919–1939).

New!!: World War I and Diplomatic history of World War I · See more »

Dominion

Dominions were semi-independent polities under the British Crown, constituting the British Empire, beginning with Canadian Confederation in 1867.

New!!: World War I and Dominion · See more »

Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig

Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, (19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928), was a senior officer of the British Army.

New!!: World War I and Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig · See more »

Doullens Conference

The Doullens Conference was held in Doullens, France on March 26, 1918 between French and British military leaders.

New!!: World War I and Doullens Conference · See more »

Dual Alliance (1879)

The Dual Alliance was a defensive alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary, which was created by treaty on 7 October 1879 as part of Bismarck's system of alliances to prevent or limit war.

New!!: World War I and Dual Alliance (1879) · See more »

Duchy of Lorraine

The Duchy of Lorraine (Lorraine; Lothringen), originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France.

New!!: World War I and Duchy of Lorraine · See more »

Dulce et Decorum est

"Dulce et Decorum est" (read here) is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920.

New!!: World War I and Dulce et Decorum est · See more »

Dunkirk

Dunkirk (Dunkerque; Duinkerke(n)) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

New!!: World War I and Dunkirk · See more »

East Asia Squadron

The German East Asia Squadron (Ger Kreuzergeschwader or Ostasiengeschwader) was an Imperial German Navy cruiser squadron which operated mainly in the Pacific Ocean between the mid-1890s and 1914.

New!!: World War I and East Asia Squadron · See more »

East Prussia

East Prussia (Ostpreußen,; Prusy Wschodnie; Rytų Prūsija; Borussia orientalis; Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.

New!!: World War I and East Prussia · See more »

Easter Rising

The Easter Rising (Éirí Amach na Cásca), also known as the Easter Rebellion, was an armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week, April 1916.

New!!: World War I and Easter Rising · See more »

Eastern Front (World War I)

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the Second Fatherland War or Second Patriotic War (Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France. During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two Armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains. The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky. The newly formed Russian Republic continued to fight the war alongside Romania and the rest of the Entente until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. Kerensky oversaw the July Offensive, which was largely a failure and caused a collapse in the Russian Army. The new government established by the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, taking it out of the war and making large territorial concessions. Romania was also forced to surrender and signed a similar treaty, though both of the treaties were nullified with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918.

New!!: World War I and Eastern Front (World War I) · See more »

Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.

New!!: World War I and Eastern Orthodox Church · See more »

Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby

Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, (23 April 1861 – 14 May 1936) was an English soldier and British Imperial Governor.

New!!: World War I and Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby · See more »

Egyptian Expeditionary Force

The Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) was a British Empire military formation, formed on 10 March 1916 under the command of General Archibald Murray from the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force and the Force in Egypt (1914–15), at the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Egyptian Expeditionary Force · See more »

Eighth Army (Ottoman Empire)

The Eighth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Sekizinci Ordu) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army.

New!!: World War I and Eighth Army (Ottoman Empire) · See more »

Eleftherios Venizelos

Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos (full name Elefthérios Kyriákou Venizélos, Ελευθέριος Κυριάκου Βενιζέλος,; 23 August 1864 – 18 March 1936) was an eminent Greek leader of the Greek national liberation movement and a charismatic statesman of the early 20th century remembered for his promotion of liberal-democratic policies.

New!!: World War I and Eleftherios Venizelos · See more »

Embedded journalism

Embedded journalism refers to news reporters being attached to military units involved in armed conflicts.

New!!: World War I and Embedded journalism · See more »

Emperor Taishō

was the 123rd Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 30 July 1912 until his death in 1926.

New!!: World War I and Emperor Taishō · See more »

Empire of Japan

The was the historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.

New!!: World War I and Empire of Japan · See more »

Encyclopaedia Judaica

The Encyclopaedia Judaica is a 26-volume English-language encyclopedia of the Jewish people and of Judaism.

New!!: World War I and Encyclopaedia Judaica · See more »

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. is a Scottish-founded, now American company best known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.

New!!: World War I and Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. · See more »

England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

New!!: World War I and England · See more »

English Channel

The English Channel (la Manche, "The Sleeve"; Ärmelkanal, "Sleeve Channel"; Mor Breizh, "Sea of Brittany"; Mor Bretannek, "Sea of Brittany"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France and links the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.

New!!: World War I and English Channel · See more »

Enrico Millo

Enrico Millo (12 February 1865 – 14 June 1930) was an Italian admiral and politician.

New!!: World War I and Enrico Millo · See more »

Entente Cordiale

The Entente Cordiale was a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations.

New!!: World War I and Entente Cordiale · See more »

Enver Pasha

Ismail Enver Pasha (اسماعیل انور پاشا; İsmail Enver Paşa; 22 November 1881 – 4 August 1922) was an Ottoman military officer and a leader of the 1908 Young Turk Revolution.

New!!: World War I and Enver Pasha · See more »

Epidemic typhus

Epidemic typhus is a form of typhus so named because the disease often causes epidemics following wars and natural disasters.

New!!: World War I and Epidemic typhus · See more »

Erich Ludendorff

Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (9 April 1865 – 20 December 1937) was a German general, the victor of the Battle of Liège and the Battle of Tannenberg.

New!!: World War I and Erich Ludendorff · See more »

Erich von Falkenhayn

General Erich Georg Anton von Falkenhayn (11 September 1861 – 8 April 1922) was the Chief of the German General Staff during the First World War from September 1914 until 29 August 1916.

New!!: World War I and Erich von Falkenhayn · See more »

Ernst Haeckel

Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (16 February 1834 – 9 August 1919) was a German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, marine biologist, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.

New!!: World War I and Ernst Haeckel · See more »

Espionage Act of 1917

The Espionage Act of 1917 is a United States federal law passed on June 15, 1917, shortly after the U.S. entry into World War I. It has been amended numerous times over the years.

New!!: World War I and Espionage Act of 1917 · See more »

Ethiopia

Ethiopia (ኢትዮጵያ), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ, yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk), is a country located in the Horn of Africa.

New!!: World War I and Ethiopia · See more »

Ethiopian Empire

The Ethiopian Empire (የኢትዮጵያ ንጉሠ ነገሥት መንግሥተ), also known as Abyssinia (derived from the Arabic al-Habash), was a kingdom that spanned a geographical area in the current state of Ethiopia.

New!!: World War I and Ethiopian Empire · See more »

Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic or racial groups from a given territory by a more powerful ethnic group, often with the intent of making it ethnically homogeneous.

New!!: World War I and Ethnic cleansing · See more »

Eugene V. Debs

Eugene Victor Debs (November 5, 1855 – October 20, 1926) was an American democratic socialist political activist and trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or the Wobblies), and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States.

New!!: World War I and Eugene V. Debs · See more »

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

New!!: World War I and Europe · See more »

European Civil War

The European Civil War is a concept meant to describe a series of 19th and 20th century conflicts in Europe as segments of an overarching civil war within a supposed European society.

New!!: World War I and European Civil War · See more »

Execution of the Romanov family

The Russian Imperial Romanov family (Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Tsarina Alexandra and their five children Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, and Alexei) and all those who chose to accompany them into imprisonment—notably Eugene Botkin, Anna Demidova, Alexei Trupp and Ivan Kharitonov—were shot, bayoneted and clubbed to death in Yekaterinburg on the night of 16-17 July 1918.

New!!: World War I and Execution of the Romanov family · See more »

Fakhri Pasha

Fakhri Pasha or Fahreddin Pasha (1868 – 22 November 1948), known as Ömer Fahrettin Türkkan after the Surname Law of 1934, was the commander of the Ottoman Army and governor of Medina from 1916 to 1919.

New!!: World War I and Fakhri Pasha · See more »

Fasci Italiani di Combattimento

The Italian Fasci of Combat (Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, FIC), until 1919 called Fasci of Revolutionary Action (Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria, FAR), was an Italian fascio organization, created by Benito Mussolini in 1914.

New!!: World War I and Fasci Italiani di Combattimento · See more »

Fascio

Fascio (plural fasci) is an Italian word literally meaning "a bundle" or "a sheaf", and figuratively "league", and which was used in the late 19th century to refer to political groups of many different (and sometimes opposing) orientations.

New!!: World War I and Fascio · See more »

Fascism

Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultranationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.

New!!: World War I and Fascism · See more »

February Revolution

The February Revolution (p), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917.

New!!: World War I and February Revolution · See more »

Federal government of the United States

The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.

New!!: World War I and Federal government of the United States · See more »

Ferdinand Foch

Marshal Ferdinand Jean Marie Foch (2 October 1851 – 20 March 1929) was a French general and military theorist who served as the Supreme Allied Commander during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Ferdinand Foch · See more »

Ferdinand I of Bulgaria

Ferdinand I (Фердинанд I; 26 February 1861 – 10 September 1948),Louda, 1981, ''Lines of Succession'', Table 149 born Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, was the second monarch of the Third Bulgarian State, firstly as knyaz (ruling prince) from 1887 to 1908, and later as tsar (emperor) from 1908 until his abdication in 1918.

New!!: World War I and Ferdinand I of Bulgaria · See more »

Ferdinand I of Romania

Ferdinand I (Ferdinand Viktor Albert Meinrad; 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927), nicknamed Întregitorul ("the Unifier"), was King of Romania from 10 October 1914 until his death in 1927.

New!!: World War I and Ferdinand I of Romania · See more »

Field marshal

Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is a very senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks.

New!!: World War I and Field marshal · See more »

Field marshal (United Kingdom)

Field Marshal has been the highest rank in the British Army since 1736.

New!!: World War I and Field marshal (United Kingdom) · See more »

Field telephone

Field telephones are telephones used for military communications.

New!!: World War I and Field telephone · See more »

Fighter aircraft

A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets.

New!!: World War I and Fighter aircraft · See more »

First Austrian Republic

The First Austrian Republic (Republik Österreich) was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 10, 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the Austrofascist Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland's Front in 1934.

New!!: World War I and First Austrian Republic · See more »

First Balkan War

The First Balkan War (Балканска война; Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; Први балкански рат, Prvi Balkanski rat; Birinci Balkan Savaşı), lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and comprised actions of the Balkan League (the kingdoms of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and First Balkan War · See more »

First Battle of Gaza

The First Battle of Gaza was fought on 26 March 1917, during the first attempt by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) to invade the south of Palestine in the Ottoman Empire during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and First Battle of Gaza · See more »

First Battle of the Marne

The Battle of the Marne (Première bataille de la Marne, also known as the Miracle of the Marne, Le Miracle de la Marne) was a World War I battle fought from It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west.

New!!: World War I and First Battle of the Marne · See more »

First Battle of the Masurian Lakes

The First Battle of the Masurian Lakes was a German offensive in the Eastern Front during the early stages of World War I. It pushed the Russian First Army back across its entire front, eventually ejecting it from Germany.

New!!: World War I and First Battle of the Masurian Lakes · See more »

First day on the Somme

The first day on the Somme, 1 July 1916, was the opening day of the Battle of Albert the name given by the British to the first two weeks of the Battle of the Somme.

New!!: World War I and First day on the Somme · See more »

First Republic of Armenia

The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (classical Հայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն), was the first modern Armenian state since the loss of Armenian statehood in the Middle Ages.

New!!: World War I and First Republic of Armenia · See more »

First Transjordan attack on Amman

The First Transjordan attack on Amman (known to the British as the First Attack on Amman)Battles Nomenclature Committee 1922 p. 33 and to their enemy as the First Battle of the JordanErickson 2001 p. 195 took place between 21 March and 2 April 1918, as a consequence of the successful Battle of Tell 'Asur which occurred after the Capture of Jericho in February and the Occupation of the Jordan Valley began, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I. During the First Transjordan attack large incursions into Ottoman territory occurred.

New!!: World War I and First Transjordan attack on Amman · See more »

First World War centenary

The First World War Centenary is the centenary of the First World War, which started on 28 July 2014 with commemorations of the outbreak of the war and will continue until 11 November 2018.

New!!: World War I and First World War centenary · See more »

Fixed-wing aircraft

A fixed-wing aircraft is an aircraft, such as an airplane or aeroplane (note the two different spellings), which is capable of flight using wings that generate lift caused by the vehicle's forward airspeed and the shape of the wings.

New!!: World War I and Fixed-wing aircraft · See more »

Flamethrower

A flamethrower is a mechanical incendiary device designed to project a long, controllable stream of fire.

New!!: World War I and Flamethrower · See more »

Foreign and Commonwealth Office

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), commonly called the Foreign Office, is a department of the Government of the United Kingdom.

New!!: World War I and Foreign and Commonwealth Office · See more »

Fourteen Points

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson.

New!!: World War I and Fourteen Points · See more »

Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire)

The Fourth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Dördüncü Ordu) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army.

New!!: World War I and Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire) · See more »

Fragmentation (weaponry)

Fragmentation is the process by which the casing of an artillery or mortar shell, rocket, missile, bomb, grenade, etc.

New!!: World War I and Fragmentation (weaponry) · See more »

François Hollande

François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 2012 to 2017.

New!!: World War I and François Hollande · See more »

France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

New!!: World War I and France · See more »

Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, (22 January 15619 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author.

New!!: World War I and Francis Bacon · See more »

Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War (Deutsch-Französischer Krieg, Guerre franco-allemande), often referred to in France as the War of 1870 (19 July 1871) or in Germany as 70/71, was a conflict between the Second French Empire of Napoleon III and the German states of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia.

New!!: World War I and Franco-Prussian War · See more »

Franco-Russian Alliance

The Franco-Russian Alliance, or Russo-French Rapprochement, was an alliance formed by the agreements of 1891–93; it lasted until 1917.

New!!: World War I and Franco-Russian Alliance · See more »

Francs-tireurs

Francs-tireurs (French for "free shooters") was a term for irregular military applied to formations deployed by France during the early stages of the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71).

New!!: World War I and Francs-tireurs · See more »

Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I also Franz Josef I or Francis Joseph I (Franz Joseph Karl; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and monarch of other states in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, from 2 December 1848 to his death.

New!!: World War I and Franz Joseph I of Austria · See more »

Free City of Danzig

The Free City of Danzig (Freie Stadt Danzig; Wolne Miasto Gdańsk) was a semi-autonomous city-state that existed between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) and nearly 200 towns and villages in the surrounding areas.

New!!: World War I and Free City of Danzig · See more »

French Canadians

French Canadians (also referred to as Franco-Canadians or Canadiens; Canadien(ne)s français(es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward.

New!!: World War I and French Canadians · See more »

French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 1870 when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War until 1940 when France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government in France.

New!!: World War I and French Third Republic · See more »

Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein

Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein (24 April 1870 – 16 October 1948) was a German general from Nuremberg.

New!!: World War I and Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein · See more »

Frontal assault

The military tactic of frontal assault is a direct, hostile movement of forces toward the front of an enemy force (as compared to the flanks or rear of the enemy).

New!!: World War I and Frontal assault · See more »

Gabriele D'Annunzio

General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso, Duke of Gallese (12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes spelled d'Annunzio, was an Italian writer, poet, journalist, playwright and soldier during World War I. He occupied a prominent place in Italian literature from 1889 to 1910 and later political life from 1914 to 1924.

New!!: World War I and Gabriele D'Annunzio · See more »

Gallipoli Campaign

The Gallipoli Campaign, also known as the Dardanelles Campaign, the Battle of Gallipoli, or the Battle of Çanakkale (Çanakkale Savaşı), was a campaign of the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula (Gelibolu in modern Turkey) in the Ottoman Empire between 17 February 1915 and 9 January 1916.

New!!: World War I and Gallipoli Campaign · See more »

Gary Sheffield (historian)

Gary D. Sheffield is an English academic at the University of Wolverhampton, specialising in military history.

New!!: World War I and Gary Sheffield (historian) · See more »

Gas mask

The gas mask is a mask used to protect the user from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases.

New!!: World War I and Gas mask · See more »

Gavrilo Princip

Gavrilo Princip (Гаврило Принцип,; 28 April 1918) was a Bosnian Serb member of Young Bosnia, a Yugoslavist organization seeking an end to Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

New!!: World War I and Gavrilo Princip · See more »

General strike

A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates.

New!!: World War I and General strike · See more »

Genocide

Genocide is intentional action to destroy a people (usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group) in whole or in part.

New!!: World War I and Genocide · See more »

Georges Clemenceau

Georges Benjamin Clemenceau (28 September 1841 – 24 November 1929) was a French politician, physician, and journalist who was Prime Minister of France during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Georges Clemenceau · See more »

Georgia within the Russian Empire

The country of Georgia became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century.

New!!: World War I and Georgia within the Russian Empire · See more »

Gerhard Hirschfeld

Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 19 September 1946 in Plettenberg, Germany) is a German historian and author.

New!!: World War I and Gerhard Hirschfeld · See more »

German Army order of battle (1914)

This is the German Army order of battle on the outbreak of World War I in August 1914.

New!!: World War I and German Army order of battle (1914) · See more »

German colonial empire

The German colonial empire (Deutsches Kolonialreich) constituted the overseas colonies, dependencies and territories of Imperial Germany.

New!!: World War I and German colonial empire · See more »

German East Africa

German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) (GEA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, and the mainland part of Tanzania.

New!!: World War I and German East Africa · See more »

German Emperor

The German Emperor (Deutscher Kaiser) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and German Emperor · See more »

German Empire

The German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich, officially Deutsches Reich),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people.

New!!: World War I and German Empire · See more »

German General Staff

The German General Staff, originally the Prussian General Staff and officially Great General Staff (Großer Generalstab), was a full-time body at the head of the Prussian Army and later, the German Army, responsible for the continuous study of all aspects of war, and for drawing up and reviewing plans for mobilization or campaign.

New!!: World War I and German General Staff · See more »

German invasion of Belgium

The German invasion of Belgium was a military campaign which began on 4 August 1914.

New!!: World War I and German invasion of Belgium · See more »

German New Guinea

German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) was the first part of the German colonial empire.

New!!: World War I and German New Guinea · See more »

German Revolution of 1918–19

The German Revolution or November Revolution (Novemberrevolution) was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic.

New!!: World War I and German Revolution of 1918–19 · See more »

German Samoa

German Samoa (Deutsch-Samoa) was a German protectorate from 1900 to 1914, consisting of the islands of Upolu, Savai'i, Apolima and Manono, now wholly within the independent state Samoa, formerly Western Samoa.

New!!: World War I and German Samoa · See more »

German South West Africa

German South West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1919.

New!!: World War I and German South West Africa · See more »

German War Graves Commission

The German War Graves Commission (Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge in German) is responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of German war graves in Europe and North Africa.

New!!: World War I and German War Graves Commission · See more »

Gio. Ansaldo & C.

Ansaldo was one of Italy's oldest and most important engineering companies, existing for 140 years from 1853 to 1993.

New!!: World War I and Gio. Ansaldo & C. · See more »

Godfrey Herbert

Captain Godfrey Herbert, DSO and bar, (28 February 1884 – 8 August 1961) was an officer of the Royal Navy who was sometimes referred to as 'Baralong Herbert', in reference to the Baralong incidents that took place during World War I. In a naval career stretching from 1898 to 1919, and with a return to duty between 1939 and 1943 in World War II, Herbert had several close encounters with death.

New!!: World War I and Godfrey Herbert · See more »

Gold Coast (region)

The Gold Coast was the name for a region on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa which was rich in gold and also in petroleum, sweet crude oil and natural gas.

New!!: World War I and Gold Coast (region) · See more »

Gorizia

Gorizia (Gorica, colloquially stara Gorica 'old Gorizia'; Görz, Standard Friulian: Gurize; Southeastern Friulian: Guriza; Bisiacco: Gorisia) is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.

New!!: World War I and Gorizia · See more »

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

The Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front, but resulted in the Central Powers' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia.

New!!: World War I and Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive · See more »

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1856–1929)

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (Russian: Николай Николаевич Романов (младший – the younger); 18 November 1856 – 5 January 1929) was a Russian general in World War I. A grandson of Nicholas I of Russia, he was commander in chief of the Russian armies on the main front in the first year of the war, and was later a successful commander-in-chief in the Caucasus.

New!!: World War I and Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1856–1929) · See more »

Grand Fleet

The Grand Fleet was the main fleet of the British Royal Navy during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Grand Fleet · See more »

Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

New!!: World War I and Great Depression · See more »

Great power

A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.

New!!: World War I and Great power · See more »

Greater Romania

The term Greater Romania (România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period.

New!!: World War I and Greater Romania · See more »

Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)

The Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 was fought between Greece and the Turkish National Movement during the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire after World War I between May 1919 and October 1922.

New!!: World War I and Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) · See more »

Greek genocide

The Greek genocide, including the Pontic genocide, was the systematic genocide of the Christian Ottoman Greek population carried out in its historic homeland in Anatolia during World War I and its aftermath (1914–1922).

New!!: World War I and Greek genocide · See more »

Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.

New!!: World War I and Greeks · See more »

Gregory Stanton

Gregory H. Stanton is the Research Professor in Genocide Studies and Prevention at the George Mason University in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States.

New!!: World War I and Gregory Stanton · See more »

Grenade

A grenade is a small weapon typically thrown by hand.

New!!: World War I and Grenade · See more »

Grigori Rasputin

Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Григо́рий Ефи́мович Распу́тин; –) was a Russian mystic and self-proclaimed holy man who befriended the family of Tsar Nicholas II, the last monarch of Russia, and gained considerable influence in late imperial Russia.

New!!: World War I and Grigori Rasputin · See more »

Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

New!!: World War I and Gross domestic product · See more »

Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.

New!!: World War I and Guerrilla warfare · See more »

Gustav Stresemann

(10 May 1878 – 3 October 1929) was a German statesman who served as Chancellor in 1923 (for a brief period of 102 days) and Foreign Minister 1923–1929, during the Weimar Republic.

New!!: World War I and Gustav Stresemann · See more »

H. H. Asquith

Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, was a British statesman of the Liberal Party who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916.

New!!: World War I and H. H. Asquith · See more »

Haber process

The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process, is an artificial nitrogen fixation process and is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia today.

New!!: World War I and Haber process · See more »

Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918.

New!!: World War I and Habsburg Monarchy · See more »

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands.

New!!: World War I and Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 · See more »

Harbin

Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang province, and largest city in the northeastern region of the People's Republic of China.

New!!: World War I and Harbin · See more »

Hartmannswillerkopf

Hartmannswillerkopf, also known as the Vieil Armand (French) or Hartmannsweiler Kopf (German; English: Hartmansweiler Head) is a pyramidal rocky spur in the Vosges mountains of the Grand Est region, France.

New!!: World War I and Hartmannswillerkopf · See more »

Helmut Brümmer-Patzig

Helmut Patzig, also known as Helmut Brümmer-Patzig (26 October 1890 – 11 March 1984) was a German U-boat commander in the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I, and the Kriegsmarine in World War II.

New!!: World War I and Helmut Brümmer-Patzig · See more »

Helmuth von Moltke the Younger

Helmuth Johann Ludwig Graf von Moltke (23 May 1848 – 18 June 1916), also known as Moltke the Younger, was a nephew of Generalfeldmarschall (Field Marshal) Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke and served as the Chief of the German General Staff from 1906 to 1914.

New!!: World War I and Helmuth von Moltke the Younger · See more »

Henry Tonks

Henry Tonks, FRCS (9 April 1862 – 8 January 1937) was a British surgeon and later draughtsman and painter of figure subjects, chiefly interiors, and a caricaturist.

New!!: World War I and Henry Tonks · See more »

Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener

Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, (24 June 1850 – 5 June 1916), was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won notoriety for his imperial campaigns, most especially his scorched earth policy against the Boers and his establishment of concentration camps during the Second Boer War, and later played a central role in the early part of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener · See more »

Hindenburg Line

The Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung or Siegfried Position) was a German defensive position of World War I, built during the winter of 1916–1917 on the Western Front, from Arras to Laffaux, near Soissons on the Aisne.

New!!: World War I and Hindenburg Line · See more »

Hindu–German Conspiracy

The Hindu–German Conspiracy(Note on the name) was a series of plans between 1914 and 1917 by Indian nationalist groups to attempt Pan-Indian rebellion against the British Raj during World War I, formulated between the Indian revolutionary underground and exiled or self-exiled nationalists who formed, in the United States, the Ghadar Party, and in Germany, the Indian independence committee, in the decade preceding the Great War.

New!!: World War I and Hindu–German Conspiracy · See more »

Holy Alliance

The Holy Alliance (Heilige Allianz; Священный союз, Svyashchennyy soyuz; also called the Grand Alliance) was a coalition created by the monarchist great powers of Russia, Austria and Prussia.

New!!: World War I and Holy Alliance · See more »

Homeland for the Jewish people

A homeland for the Jewish people is an idea rooted in Jewish culture and religion.

New!!: World War I and Homeland for the Jewish people · See more »

Horace Smith-Dorrien

General Sir Horace Lockwood Smith-Dorrien, (26 May 1858 – 12 August 1930) was a senior British Army officer.

New!!: World War I and Horace Smith-Dorrien · See more »

House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (traditionally spelled Hapsburg in English), also called House of Austria was one of the most influential and distinguished royal houses of Europe.

New!!: World War I and House of Habsburg · See more »

House of Hohenzollern

The House of Hohenzollern is a dynasty of former princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, the German Empire, and Romania.

New!!: World War I and House of Hohenzollern · See more »

House of Romanov

The House of Romanov (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. also Romanoff; Рома́новы, Románovy) was the second dynasty to rule Russia, after the House of Rurik, reigning from 1613 until the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II on March 15, 1917, as a result of the February Revolution.

New!!: World War I and House of Romanov · See more »

Howitzer

A howitzer is a type of artillery piece characterized by a relatively short barrel and the use of comparatively small propellant charges to propel projectiles over relatively high trajectories, with a steep angle of descent.

New!!: World War I and Howitzer · See more »

Hundred Days Offensive

The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens.

New!!: World War I and Hundred Days Offensive · See more »

Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca

Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi (الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 1853/18544 June 1931) was a Hashemite Arab leader who was the Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and, after proclaiming the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, King of the Hejaz from 1916 to 1924.

New!!: World War I and Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca · See more »

Hydrophone

A hydrophone (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ.

New!!: World War I and Hydrophone · See more »

Il Popolo d'Italia

Il Popolo d'Italia ("The People of Italy"), was an Italian newspaper which published editions everyday with the exception for Mondays founded by Benito Mussolini in 1914, after his split from the Italian Socialist Party.

New!!: World War I and Il Popolo d'Italia · See more »

Imperial German Navy

The Imperial German Navy ("Imperial Navy") was the navy created at the time of the formation of the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and Imperial German Navy · See more »

Imperial War Museum

Imperial War Museums (IWM) is a British national museum organisation with branches at five locations in England, three of which are in London.

New!!: World War I and Imperial War Museum · See more »

In Flanders Fields

"In Flanders Fields" is a war poem in the form of a rondeau, written during the First World War by Canadian physician Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae.

New!!: World War I and In Flanders Fields · See more »

Indian Home Rule movement

The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements.

New!!: World War I and Indian Home Rule movement · See more »

Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

New!!: World War I and Indian independence movement · See more »

Indian National Congress

The Indian National Congress (INC, often called Congress Party) is a broadly based political party in India.

New!!: World War I and Indian National Congress · See more »

Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

New!!: World War I and Indiana University Press · See more »

Indirect fire

Indirect fire is aiming and firing a projectile without relying on a direct line of sight between the gun and its target, as in the case of direct fire.

New!!: World War I and Indirect fire · See more »

Infiltration tactics

In warfare, infiltration tactics involve small independent light infantry forces advancing into enemy rear areas, bypassing enemy front-line strongpoints, possibly isolating them for attack by follow-up troops with heavier weapons.

New!!: World War I and Infiltration tactics · See more »

Innsbruck

Innsbruck is the capital city of Tyrol in western Austria and the fifth-largest city in Austria.

New!!: World War I and Innsbruck · See more »

International Association of Genocide Scholars

The International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) is an international non-partisan organization that seeks to further research and teaching about the nature, causes, and consequences of genocide, including the Holocaust, and to advance policy studies on the prevention of genocide.

New!!: World War I and International Association of Genocide Scholars · See more »

International Committee of the Red Cross

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland, and a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate.

New!!: World War I and International Committee of the Red Cross · See more »

Interwar period

In the context of the history of the 20th century, the interwar period was the period between the end of the First World War in November 1918 and the beginning of the Second World War in September 1939.

New!!: World War I and Interwar period · See more »

Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

New!!: World War I and Iran · See more »

Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.

New!!: World War I and Ireland · See more »

Irish nationalism

Irish nationalism is an ideology which asserts that the Irish people are a nation.

New!!: World War I and Irish nationalism · See more »

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

The Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'Yisraeli-Falestini; al-Niza'a al-Filastini-al-Israili) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century.

New!!: World War I and Israeli–Palestinian conflict · See more »

Istanbul

Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.

New!!: World War I and Istanbul · See more »

Italian irredentism

Italian irredentism (irredentismo italiano) was a nationalist movement during the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Italy with irredentist goals which promoted the unification of geographic areas in which indigenous ethnic Italians and Italian-speaking persons formed a majority, or substantial minority, of the population.

New!!: World War I and Italian irredentism · See more »

Italian Liberal Party

The Italian Liberal Party (Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was a liberal and conservative political party in Italy.

New!!: World War I and Italian Liberal Party · See more »

Italian nationalism

Italian nationalism builds upon the idea that Italians are the ethnic, cultural, and linguistic successors of the ancient Romans who inhabited the Italian Peninsula for over a millennium.

New!!: World War I and Italian nationalism · See more »

Italian Socialist Party

The Italian Socialist Party (PSI) was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy.

New!!: World War I and Italian Socialist Party · See more »

Italians

The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula.

New!!: World War I and Italians · See more »

Italo-Turkish War

The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War"; also known in Italy as Guerra di Libia, "Libyan War") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from September 29, 1911, to October 18, 1912.

New!!: World War I and Italo-Turkish War · See more »

Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

New!!: World War I and Italy · See more »

Iyasu V

Lij Iyasu, or Iyasu V (ኢያሱ፭ኛ, the Ethiopian version of Joshua), also known as Lij Iyasu (ልጅ ኢያሱ; 4 February 1895 – 25 November 1935), was the designated but uncrowned Emperor of Ethiopia (1913–16).

New!!: World War I and Iyasu V · See more »

Jacob Schiff

Jacob Henry Schiff (born Jakob Heinrich Schiff; January 10, 1847 – September 25, 1920) was a Jewish-American banker, businessman, and philanthropist.

New!!: World War I and Jacob Schiff · See more »

Jagdstaffel 11

Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 11 ("No 11 Fighter Squadron"; commonly abbreviated to Jasta 11) was founded on 28 September 1916 from elements of 4 Armee's Kampfeinsitzerkommandos (or KEKs) 1, 2 and 3 and mobilized on 11 October as part of the German Air Service's expansion program, forming permanent specialised fighter squadrons, or "Jastas".

New!!: World War I and Jagdstaffel 11 · See more »

Jerusalem

Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

New!!: World War I and Jerusalem · See more »

Jezreel Valley

The Jezreel Valley (עמק יזרעאל, translit. Emek Yizra'el), (Marj Ibn Āmir) is a large fertile plain and inland valley south of the Lower Galilee region in Israel.

New!!: World War I and Jezreel Valley · See more »

Joachim Gauck

Joachim Wilhelm Gauck (born 24 January 1940) is a retired German civil rights activist and nonpartisan politician who served as President of Germany from 2012 to 2017.

New!!: World War I and Joachim Gauck · See more »

John Holland Rose

John Holland Rose (28 June 1855 in Bedford – 3 March 1942) was an influential English historian who wrote famous biographies of William Pitt the Younger and of French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

New!!: World War I and John Holland Rose · See more »

John J. Pershing

General of the Armies John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948) was a senior United States Army officer.

New!!: World War I and John J. Pershing · See more »

John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe

Admiral of the Fleet John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, (5 December 1859 – 20 November 1935) was a Royal Navy officer.

New!!: World War I and John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe · See more »

John McCrae

Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, MD (November 30, 1872 – January 28, 1918) was a Canadian poet, physician, author, artist and soldier during World War I, and a surgeon during the Second Battle of Ypres, in Belgium.

New!!: World War I and John McCrae · See more »

John Nash (artist)

John Northcote Nash (11 April 1893 – 23 September 1977) was a British painter of landscapes and still-lives, and a wood engraver and illustrator, particularly of botanic works.

New!!: World War I and John Nash (artist) · See more »

John Terraine

John Alfred Terraine (15 January 1921 – 28 December 2003) was an English military historian, and a TV screenwriter.

New!!: World War I and John Terraine · See more »

Jones–Shafroth Act

The Jones–Shafroth Act —also known as the Jones Act of Puerto Rico, Jones Law of Puerto Rico, or as the Puerto Rican Federal Relations Act of 1917— was an Act of the United States Congress, signed by President Woodrow Wilson on March 2, 1917.

New!!: World War I and Jones–Shafroth Act · See more »

Jordan River

The Jordan River (also River Jordan; נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן Nahar ha-Yarden, ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ, نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ Nahr al-Urdunn, Ancient Greek: Ιορδάνης, Iordànes) is a -long river in the Middle East that flows roughly north to south through the Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: כנרת Kinneret, Arabic: Bohayrat Tabaraya, meaning Lake of Tiberias) and on to the Dead Sea.

New!!: World War I and Jordan River · See more »

July Crisis

The July Crisis was a series of interrelated diplomatic and military escalations among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914 that was the penultimate cause of World War I. The crisis began on June 28, 1914, when Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian and Yugoslavic partisan, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

New!!: World War I and July Crisis · See more »

Kaiserschützen

Mountain infantry battle-dress after 1907 The k.k. Landesschützen (literal: Imperial-Royal country shooters) - from January 16, 1917 Kaiserschützen (literal: Imperial rifles) - has been three regiments of Austro-Hungarian mountain infantry during the kaiserliche und königliche Monarchie (literal: k.u.k. Monarchy).

New!!: World War I and Kaiserschützen · See more »

Kamerun

German Cameroon (Kamerun) was an African colony of the German Empire from 1884 to 1916 in the region of today's Republic of Cameroon.

New!!: World War I and Kamerun · See more »

Kansas City, Missouri

Kansas City is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri.

New!!: World War I and Kansas City, Missouri · See more »

Karl Liebknecht

Karl Liebknecht (13 August 1871 – 15 January 1919) was a German socialist and a co-founder with Rosa Luxemburg of the Spartacist League and the Communist Party of Germany.

New!!: World War I and Karl Liebknecht · See more »

Kaunas

Kaunas (also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania and the historical centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life.

New!!: World War I and Kaunas · See more »

Khamseh

The Khamseh (ایلات خمسه) is a tribal confederation in the province of Fars in southwestern Iran.

New!!: World War I and Khamseh · See more »

Kiel

Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 249,023 (2016).

New!!: World War I and Kiel · See more »

Kiel mutiny

The Kiel mutiny was a major revolt by sailors of the German High Seas Fleet on 3 November 1918.

New!!: World War I and Kiel mutiny · See more »

King and Country

King and Country (stylised as King & Country) is a 1964 British war film directed by Joseph Losey, shot in black and white, and starring Dirk Bogarde and Tom Courtenay.

New!!: World War I and King and Country · See more »

Kingdom of Bohemia

The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (České království; Königreich Böhmen; Regnum Bohemiae, sometimes Regnum Czechorum), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Bohemia · See more »

Kingdom of Bulgaria

The Kingdom of Bulgaria (Царство България, Tsarstvo Bǎlgariya), also referred to as the Tsardom of Bulgaria and the Third Bulgarian Tsardom, was a constitutional monarchy in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908 when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a kingdom.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Bulgaria · See more »

Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria

The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, also known as Galicia or Austrian Poland, became a crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy as a result of the First Partition of Poland in 1772 and the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, when it became a Kingdom under Habsburg rule.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria · See more »

Kingdom of Hejaz

The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāzyah Al-Hāshimīyah) was a state in the Hejaz region in the Middle East ruled by the Hashemite dynasty.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Hejaz · See more »

Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed from the Middle Ages into the twentieth century (1000–1946 with the exception of 1918–1920).

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Hungary · See more »

Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)

The Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság), also known as the Regency, existed from 1920 to 1946 as a de facto country under Regent Miklós Horthy.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46) · See more »

Kingdom of Italy

The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state which existed from 1861—when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy—until 1946—when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Italy · See more »

Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe which existed from 1881, when prince Carol I of Romania was proclaimed King, until 1947, when King Michael I of Romania abdicated and the Parliament proclaimed Romania a republic.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Romania · See more »

Kingdom of Serbia

The Kingdom of Serbia (Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija), often rendered as Servia in English sources during the time of its existence, was created when Milan I, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was proclaimed king in 1882.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Serbia · See more »

Kingdom of Yugoslavia

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; Кралство Југославија) was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed from 1918 until 1941, during the interwar period and beginning of World War II.

New!!: World War I and Kingdom of Yugoslavia · See more »

Knox–Porter Resolution

The Knox–Porter Resolution was a joint resolution of the United States Congress signed by President Warren G. Harding on July 2, 1921, officially ending United States involvement in World War I. The documents were signed on the estate of Joseph Sherman Frelinghuysen, Sr. in Raritan, New Jersey.

New!!: World War I and Knox–Porter Resolution · See more »

Kobarid

Kobarid (Caporetto, Cjaurêt, Karfreit) is a settlement in Slovenia, the administrative centre of the Municipality of Kobarid.

New!!: World War I and Kobarid · See more »

Koekelare

Koekelare (West Flemish: Kookloare) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders.

New!!: World War I and Koekelare · See more »

Kosovo Offensive (1915)

The Kosovo Offensive Operation (Косовска настъпателна операция; Косовска битка), the third major battle in history to have been fought there, was a battle occurred between 10 November 1915 and 4 December 1915.

New!!: World War I and Kosovo Offensive (1915) · See more »

Krupp

The Krupp family (see pronunciation), a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, became famous for their production of steel, artillery, ammunition, and other armaments.

New!!: World War I and Krupp · See more »

Kurds

The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).

New!!: World War I and Kurds · See more »

Labour movement

The labour movement or labor movement consists of two main wings, the trade union movement (British English) or labor union movement (American English), also called trade unionism or labor unionism on the one hand, and the political labour movement on the other.

New!!: World War I and Labour movement · See more »

Lancer

A lancer was a type of cavalryman who fought with a lance.

New!!: World War I and Lancer · See more »

Lange Max Museum

The Lange Max Museum (LMM) is devoted to the German 38 cm SK L/45 "Max" gun and the German occupation of Koekelare and the nearby area in World War I. The focus on the German side of the war makes it a unique museum in Belgium.

New!!: World War I and Lange Max Museum · See more »

Le Souvenir français

Le Souvenir français is a French association for maintaining war memorials and war memory, comparable to the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

New!!: World War I and Le Souvenir français · See more »

Leaders of the Central Powers of World War I

The leaders of the Central Powers of World War I were the political or military figures who commanded or supported the Central Powers during World War I.

New!!: World War I and Leaders of the Central Powers of World War I · See more »

League of Nations

The League of Nations (abbreviated as LN in English, La Société des Nations abbreviated as SDN or SdN in French) was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War.

New!!: World War I and League of Nations · See more »

League of the Three Emperors

The Three Caesars' Alliance or Union of the Three Emperors (Dreikaiserbund, Союз трёх императоров) was an alliance between the German Empire, the Russian Empire and Austria-Hungary, from 1873 to 1887.

New!!: World War I and League of the Three Emperors · See more »

Leonida Bissolati

Leonida Bissolati (Cremona, 20 February 1857 – Rome, 6 March 1920) was a leading exponent of the Italian socialist movement at the turn of the nineteenth century.

New!!: World War I and Leonida Bissolati · See more »

Leuven

Leuven or Louvain (Louvain,; Löwen) is the capital of the province of Flemish Brabant in Belgium.

New!!: World War I and Leuven · See more »

Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean.

New!!: World War I and Levant · See more »

Lewis gun

The Lewis gun (or Lewis automatic machine gun or Lewis automatic rifle) is a First World War-era light machine gun of US design that was perfected and mass-produced in the United Kingdom, and widely used by British and British Empire troops during the war.

New!!: World War I and Lewis gun · See more »

Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.

New!!: World War I and Library of Congress · See more »

Light machine gun

A light machine gun (LMG) is a machine gun designed to be employed by an individual soldier, with or without an assistant, as an infantry support weapon.

New!!: World War I and Light machine gun · See more »

List of former German colonies

This is a list of former German colonies and protectorates (Schutzgebiete) established by the German Empire, Brandenburg-Prussia and the Habsburg Monarchy.

New!!: World War I and List of former German colonies · See more »

List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll

This is a list of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll.

New!!: World War I and List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll · See more »

Lists of abbreviations used on Commonwealth World War I medals

When a World War I medal was issued to a member of Commonwealth forces, it was issued with a Service Number, Rank, Name and Regiment.

New!!: World War I and Lists of abbreviations used on Commonwealth World War I medals · See more »

Lists of World War I topics

This is a list of World War I-related lists.

New!!: World War I and Lists of World War I topics · See more »

Little, Brown and Company

Little, Brown and Company is an American publisher founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and his partner, James Brown, and for close to two centuries has published fiction and nonfiction by American authors.

New!!: World War I and Little, Brown and Company · See more »

Ljubljana

Ljubljana (locally also; also known by other, historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia.

New!!: World War I and Ljubljana · See more »

London Agreement on German External Debts

The London Agreement on German External Debts, also known as the London Debt Agreement (German: Londoner Schuldenabkommen), was a debt relief treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and creditor nations.

New!!: World War I and London Agreement on German External Debts · See more »

Long and short scales

The long and short scales are two of several large-number naming systems for integer powers of ten that use the same words with different meanings.

New!!: World War I and Long and short scales · See more »

Lost Generation

The Lost Generation was the generation that came of age during World War I. Demographers William Strauss and Neil Howe outlined their Strauss–Howe generational theory using 1883–1900 as birth years for this generation.

New!!: World War I and Lost Generation · See more »

Luigi Cadorna

Marshal of Italy Luigi Cadorna, (4 September 1850 – 21 December 1928) was an Italian General and Marshal of Italy, most famous for being the Chief of Staff of the Italian Army during the first part of World War I.

New!!: World War I and Luigi Cadorna · See more »

Lurs

Lurs (also Lors, Lurish: لورَل, Persian:لُرها) are an Iranian people living mainly in western and south-western Iran.

New!!: World War I and Lurs · See more »

Luxembourg

Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxembourg, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in western Europe.

New!!: World War I and Luxembourg · See more »

M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle

The Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) is a family of American automatic rifles and machine guns used by the United States and numerous other countries during the 20th century. The primary variant of the BAR series was the M1918, chambered for the.30-06 Springfield rifle cartridge and designed by John Browning in 1917 for the U.S. Expeditionary Corps in Europe as a replacement for the French-made Chauchat and M1909 Benét–Mercié machine guns that US forces had previously been issued. The BAR was designed to be carried by infantrymen during an assault Article by Maxim Popenker, 2014. advance while supported by the sling over the shoulder, or to be fired from the hip. This is a concept called "walking fire" — thought to be necessary for the individual soldier during trench warfare.Chinn, George M.: The Machine Gun, Volume I: History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons, p. 175. Bureau of Ordnance, Department of the Navy, 1951. The BAR never entirely lived up to the original hopes of the war department as either a rifle or a machine gun. The U.S. Army, in practice, used the BAR as a light machine gun, often fired from a bipod (introduced on models after 1938).Bishop, Chris: The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II, p. 239. Sterling Publishing, 2002. A variant of the original M1918 BAR, the Colt Monitor Machine Rifle, remains the lightest production automatic gun to fire the.30-06 Springfield cartridge, though the limited capacity of its standard 20-round magazine tended to hamper its utility in that role. Although the weapon did see some action in World War I, the BAR did not become standard issue in the US Army until 1938, when it was issued to squads as a portable light machine gun. The BAR saw extensive service in both World War II and the Korean War and saw limited service in the Vietnam War. The US Army began phasing out the BAR in the late 1950s, when it was intended to be replaced by a squad automatic weapon (SAW) variant of the M14, and was without a portable light machine gun until the introduction of the M60 machine gun in 1957. The M60, however, was really a general-purpose machine gun (GPMG) and was used as a SAW only because the army had no other tool for the job until the M249 Squad Automatic Weapon in the mid-1980s.

New!!: World War I and M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle · See more »

Macedonia (region)

Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe.

New!!: World War I and Macedonia (region) · See more »

Machine gun

A machine gun is a fully automatic mounted or portable firearm designed to fire bullets in rapid succession from an ammunition belt or magazine, typically at a rate of 300 rounds per minute or higher.

New!!: World War I and Machine gun · See more »

Maclean's

Maclean's is a Canadian news magazine that was founded in 1905, reporting on Canadian issues such as politics, pop culture, and current events.

New!!: World War I and Maclean's · See more »

Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.

New!!: World War I and Mahatma Gandhi · See more »

Manganese

Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25.

New!!: World War I and Manganese · See more »

Maritime transport

Maritime transport is the transport of people (passengers) or goods (cargo) by water.

New!!: World War I and Maritime transport · See more »

Mark V tank

The British Mark V tankMark V.

New!!: World War I and Mark V tank · See more »

Martial law

Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions of government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. Martial law can be used by governments to enforce their rule over the public.

New!!: World War I and Martial law · See more »

Materiel

Materiel, more commonly matériel in US English and also listed as the only spelling in some UK dictionaries (both pronounced, from French matériel meaning equipment or hardware), refers to military technology and supplies in military and commercial supply chain management.

New!!: World War I and Materiel · See more »

Mecca

Mecca or Makkah (مكة is a city in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula, and the plain of Tihamah in Saudi Arabia, and is also the capital and administrative headquarters of the Makkah Region. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level, and south of Medina. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during the Ḥajj (حَـجّ, "Pilgrimage") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhūl-Ḥijjah (ذُو الْـحِـجَّـة). As the birthplace of Muhammad, and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (specifically, a cave from Mecca), Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory for all able Muslims. Mecca is home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site, as well as being the direction of Muslim prayer. Mecca was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the sharifs, acting either as independent rulers or as vassals to larger polities. It was conquered by Ibn Saud in 1925. In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in size and infrastructure, home to structures such as the Abraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, the world's fourth tallest building and the building with the third largest amount of floor area. During this expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the Muslim world,Fattah, Hassan M., The New York Times (20 January 2005). even though non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.

New!!: World War I and Mecca · See more »

Medina

Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.

New!!: World War I and Medina · See more »

Mehmed V

Mehmed V. Reşâd (Ottoman Turkish: محمد خامس Meḥmed-i ẖâmis, Beşinci Mehmet Reşat or Reşat Mehmet) (2 November 1844 – 3 July 1918) was the 35th and penultimate Ottoman Sultan.

New!!: World War I and Mehmed V · See more »

Mehmed VI

Mehmed VI (محمد السادس Meḥmed-i sâdis, وحيد الدين Vahideddin, Vahideddin or Altıncı Mehmet), who is also known as Şahbaba (meaning "Emperor-father") among his relatives, (14 January 1861 – 16 May 1926) was the 36th and last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1918 to 1922.

New!!: World War I and Mehmed VI · See more »

Memorial Day

Memorial Day or Decoration Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces.

New!!: World War I and Memorial Day · See more »

Menin Gate

The Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing is a war memorial in Ypres, Belgium, dedicated to the British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the Ypres Salient of World War I and whose graves are unknown.

New!!: World War I and Menin Gate · See more »

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.

New!!: World War I and Mesopotamia · See more »

Mesopotamian campaign

The Mesopotamian campaign was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the Allies represented by the British Empire, mostly troops from Britain, Australia and the British Indian, and the Central Powers, mostly of the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and Mesopotamian campaign · See more »

Meuse-Argonne Offensive

The Meuse-Argonne Offensive (also known as Battles of the Meuse-Argonne and the Meuse-Argonne Campaign) was a major part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire Western Front.

New!!: World War I and Meuse-Argonne Offensive · See more »

Milan

Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.

New!!: World War I and Milan · See more »

Military of the Ottoman Empire

The history of the military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods.

New!!: World War I and Military of the Ottoman Empire · See more »

Military personnel

Military personnel are members of the state's armed forces.

New!!: World War I and Military personnel · See more »

Military Service Act 1916

The Military Service Act 1916 was an Act passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Military Service Act 1916 · See more »

Military Service Tribunals

Military Service Tribunals were bodies formed by borough, urban district and rural district councils to hear applications for exemption from conscription into the British Army during World War I. Although not strictly recruiting bodies, they played an important part in the process of conscription.

New!!: World War I and Military Service Tribunals · See more »

Military tactics

Military tactics encompasses the art of organising and employing fighting forces on or near the battlefield.

New!!: World War I and Military tactics · See more »

Minenwerfer

Minenwerfer ("mine launcher") is the German name for a class of short range mortars used extensively during the First World War by the German Army.

New!!: World War I and Minenwerfer · See more »

Monastir Offensive

Monastir Offensive was an Allied military operation against the forces of the Central Powers during World War I, intended to break the deadlock on the Macedonian Front by forcing the capitulation of Bulgaria and relieving the pressure on Romania.

New!!: World War I and Monastir Offensive · See more »

Mounted infantry

Mounted infantry were infantry who rode horses instead of marching.

New!!: World War I and Mounted infantry · See more »

MP 18

The MP 18 manufactured by Theodor Bergmann Abteilung Waffenbau was the first submachine gun used in combat.

New!!: World War I and MP 18 · See more »

Muhamed Mehmedbašić

Muhamed Mehmedbašić (Мухамед Мехмедбашић; 1887–29 May 1943) was a Bosnian revolutionary and conspirator in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

New!!: World War I and Muhamed Mehmedbašić · See more »

Muirhead Bone

Sir Muirhead Bone (23 March 1876 – 21 October 1953) was a Scottish etcher, drypoint and watercolour artist who became known for his depiction of industrial and architectural subjects and his work as a war artist in both the First and Second World Wars.

New!!: World War I and Muirhead Bone · See more »

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 (conventional) – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938.

New!!: World War I and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk · See more »

National Archives and Records Administration

The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records and with increasing public access to those documents, which comprise the National Archives.

New!!: World War I and National Archives and Records Administration · See more »

National identity

National identity is one's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation.

New!!: World War I and National identity · See more »

National Schism

The National Schism (Εθνικός Διχασμός, Ethnikos Dikhasmos, sometimes called The Great Division) was a series of disagreements between King Constantine I and Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos regarding the foreign policy of Greece in the period of 1910–1922 of which the tipping point was whether Greece should enter World War I. Venizelos was in support of the Allies and wanted Greece to join the war on their side, while the pro-German King wanted Greece to remain neutral, which would favor the plans of the Central Powers.

New!!: World War I and National Schism · See more »

National World War I Museum and Memorial

The National World War I Museum and Memorial of the United States is located in Kansas City, Missouri.

New!!: World War I and National World War I Museum and Memorial · See more »

Nationalist Party (Australia)

The Nationalist Party was an Australian political party.

New!!: World War I and Nationalist Party (Australia) · See more »

Naval mine

A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines.

New!!: World War I and Naval mine · See more »

Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign

The Naval Operations in the Dardanelles Campaign (17 February 1915 – 9 January 1916) took place against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign · See more »

Nazism

National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus), more commonly known as Nazism, is the ideology and practices associated with the Nazi Party – officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) – in Nazi Germany, and of other far-right groups with similar aims.

New!!: World War I and Nazism · See more »

Nedeljko Čabrinović

Nedeljko Čabrinović (Недељко Чабриновић; 2 February 1895 – 20 January 1916) was a Bosnian Serb member of the pro-Yugoslav Young Bosnia movement and one of seven young men of a secret society known as the Black Hand who conspired to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria during his June 1914 visit to Sarajevo.

New!!: World War I and Nedeljko Čabrinović · See more »

Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

New!!: World War I and Netherlands · See more »

Neutral country

A neutral country is a state, which is either neutral towards belligerents in a specific war, or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO).

New!!: World War I and Neutral country · See more »

New Britain

New Britain (Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago (named after Otto von Bismarck) of Papua New Guinea.

New!!: World War I and New Britain · See more »

Niall Ferguson

Niall Campbell Ferguson (born 18 April 1964) Niall Ferguson is a conservative British historian and political commentator.

New!!: World War I and Niall Ferguson · See more »

Nicholas II of Russia

Nicholas II or Nikolai II (r; 1868 – 17 July 1918), known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church, was the last Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917.

New!!: World War I and Nicholas II of Russia · See more »

Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition

The Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition was a diplomatic mission to Afghanistan sent by the Central Powers in 1915–1916.

New!!: World War I and Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition · See more »

Nikolai Yudenich

Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich (Никола́й Никола́евич Юде́нич) (5 October 1933) was a commander of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. He was a leader of the anti-communist White movement in Northwestern Russia during the Civil War.

New!!: World War I and Nikolai Yudenich · See more »

Nitrogen fixation

Nitrogen fixation is a process by which nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH3) or other molecules available to living organisms.

New!!: World War I and Nitrogen fixation · See more »

Nivelle Offensive

The Nivelle Offensive of 1917, was a Franco-British offensive on the Western Front in the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Nivelle Offensive · See more »

Noemvriana

The Noemvriana (Νοεμβριανά, "November Events") of, or the Greek Vespers, was a political dispute which led to an armed confrontation in Athens between the royalist government of Greece and the forces of the Allies over the issue of Greece's neutrality during World War I. Friction existed between the two sides from the beginning of World War I. The unconditional surrender of the border fortress of Rupel in May 1916 to the Central Powers' forces, mainly composed of Bulgarian troops, was the first event that led to the Noemvriana.

New!!: World War I and Noemvriana · See more »

Non-interventionism

Non-interventionism or non-intervention is a foreign policy that holds that political rulers should avoid alliances with other nations but still retain diplomacy and avoid all wars unless related to direct self-defense.

New!!: World War I and Non-interventionism · See more »

North Russia Intervention

The North Russia Intervention, also known as the Northern Russian Expedition, the Archangel Campaign, and the Murman Deployment, was part of the Allied Intervention in Russia after the October Revolution.

New!!: World War I and North Russia Intervention · See more »

Oberste Heeresleitung

The Oberste Heeresleitung (Supreme Army Command or OHL) was the highest echelon of command of the army (Heer) of the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and Oberste Heeresleitung · See more »

Observation balloon

An observation balloon is a type of balloon that is employed as an aerial platform for intelligence gathering and artillery spotting.

New!!: World War I and Observation balloon · See more »

Occupation of German Samoa

The Occupation of Samoa – the takeover and subsequent administration of the Pacific colony of German Samoa – started in late August 1914 with landings by an expeditionary force from New Zealand called the "Samoa Expeditionary Force".

New!!: World War I and Occupation of German Samoa · See more »

Occupation of the Rhineland

The Occupation of the Rhineland from 1 December 1918 until 30 June 1930 was a consequence of the collapse of the Imperial German Army in 1918.

New!!: World War I and Occupation of the Rhineland · See more »

October Revolution

The October Revolution (p), officially known in Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution (Вели́кая Октя́брьская социалисти́ческая револю́ция), and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising, the Bolshevik Revolution, or the Bolshevik Coup, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.

New!!: World War I and October Revolution · See more »

Officers' Training Corps

The Officers' Training Corps (OTC), more fully called the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), are military leadership training units similar to a university club but operated by the British Army.

New!!: World War I and Officers' Training Corps · See more »

Operation Michael

Operation Michael was a major German military offensive during the First World War that began the Spring Offensive on 21 March 1918.

New!!: World War I and Operation Michael · See more »

Optimism

Optimism is a mental attitude reflecting a belief or hope that the outcome of some specific endeavor, or outcomes in general, will be positive, favorable, and desirable.

New!!: World War I and Optimism · See more »

Oskar von Hutier

Oskar Emil von Hutier (27 August 1857 – 5 December 1934) was a German general during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Oskar von Hutier · See more »

Otto Liman von Sanders

Otto Viktor Karl Liman von Sanders (17 February 1855 – 22 August 1929) was a German general who served as an adviser and military commander to the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Otto Liman von Sanders · See more »

Otto von Bismarck

Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), known as Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890 and was the first Chancellor of the German Empire between 1871 and 1890.

New!!: World War I and Otto von Bismarck · See more »

Ottoman dynasty

The Ottoman dynasty (Osmanlı Hanedanı) was made up of the members of the imperial House of Osman (خاندان آل عثمان Ḫānedān-ı Āl-ı ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (Osmanlılar).

New!!: World War I and Ottoman dynasty · See more »

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

New!!: World War I and Ottoman Empire · See more »

Outline of war

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to war: War – organised and often prolonged armed conflict that is carried out by states and/or non-state actors – is characterised by extreme violence, social disruption, and economic destruction.

New!!: World War I and Outline of war · See more »

Outline of World War I

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to World War I: World War I – major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918.

New!!: World War I and Outline of World War I · See more »

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

New!!: World War I and Oxford University Press · See more »

Pacific Islands

The Pacific Islands are the islands of the Pacific Ocean.

New!!: World War I and Pacific Islands · See more »

Padua

Padua (Padova; Pàdova) is a city and comune in Veneto, northern Italy.

New!!: World War I and Padua · See more »

Pale of Settlement

The Pale of Settlement (Черта́ осе́длости,, דער תּחום-המושבֿ,, תְּחוּם הַמּוֹשָב) was a western region of Imperial Russia with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917, in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish permanent or temporary residency was mostly forbidden.

New!!: World War I and Pale of Settlement · See more »

Pan-Arabism

Pan-Arabism, or simply Arabism, is an ideology espousing the unification of the countries of North Africa and West Asia from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea, referred to as the Arab world.

New!!: World War I and Pan-Arabism · See more »

Pan-Slavism

Pan-Slavism, a movement which crystallized in the mid-19th century, is the political ideology concerned with the advancement of integrity and unity for the Slavic-speaking peoples.

New!!: World War I and Pan-Slavism · See more »

Paolo Boselli

Paolo Boselli (8 June 1838 – 10 March 1932) was an Italian politician who served as the 34th Prime Minister of Italy during World War I.

New!!: World War I and Paolo Boselli · See more »

Parachute

A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).

New!!: World War I and Parachute · See more »

Paris Gun

The Paris Gun (Paris-Geschütz / Pariser Kanone) was the name given to a type of German long-range siege gun, several of which were used to bombard Paris during World War I. They were in service from March to August 1918.

New!!: World War I and Paris Gun · See more »

Paris Peace Conference, 1919

The Paris Peace Conference, also known as Versailles Peace Conference, was the meeting of the victorious Allied Powers following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.

New!!: World War I and Paris Peace Conference, 1919 · See more »

Partition of the Ottoman Empire

The partition of the Ottoman Empire (Armistice of Mudros, 30 October 1918 – Abolition of the Ottoman Sultanate, 1 November 1922) was a political event that occurred after World War I and the occupation of Constantinople by British, French and Italian troops in November 1918.

New!!: World War I and Partition of the Ottoman Empire · See more »

Paths of Glory

Paths of Glory is a 1957 American anti-war filmhttp://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/191157|0/The-Big-Idea-Paths-of-Glory.html by Stanley Kubrick based on the novel of the same name by Humphrey Cobb.

New!!: World War I and Paths of Glory · See more »

Paul Fussell

Paul Fussell, Jr. (22 March 1924 – 23 May 2012) was an American cultural and literary historian, author and university professor.

New!!: World War I and Paul Fussell · See more »

Paul Nash (artist)

Paul Nash (11 May 1889 – 11 July 1946) was a British surrealist painter and war artist, as well as a photographer, writer and designer of applied art.

New!!: World War I and Paul Nash (artist) · See more »

Paul von Hindenburg

Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg, known generally as Paul von Hindenburg (2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934) was a Generalfeldmarschall and statesman who commanded the German military during the second half of World War I before later being elected President of the Weimar republic in 1925.

New!!: World War I and Paul von Hindenburg · See more »

Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck

Paul Emil von Lettow-Vorbeck (20 March 1870 – 9 March 1964), nicknamed affectionately as the Lion of Africa (Löwe von Afrika), was a general in the Prussian Army and the commander of its forces in the German East Africa campaign.

New!!: World War I and Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck · See more »

Persian Campaign

The Persian Campaign or Invasion of Persia also known as Invasion of Iran (اشغال ایران در جنگ جهانی اول) was a series of engagements in Iranian Azerbaijan and western Iran (Persia) involving the forces of the Ottoman Empire against those of the British Empire and Russian Empire, and also involving local population elements, beginning in December 1914 and ending with the Armistice of Mudros on October 30, 1918 as part of Middle Eastern theatre of World War I.

New!!: World War I and Persian Campaign · See more »

Peter I of Serbia

Peter I (Petar/Петар; – 16 August 1921) reigned as the last King of Serbia (1903–1918) and as the first King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1921).

New!!: World War I and Peter I of Serbia · See more »

Petrograd Soviet

The Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (Петроградский Совет рабочих и солдатских депутатов, Petrogradskiy soviet rabochikh i soldatskikh deputatov) was a city council of Petrograd (Saint Petersburg), the capital of the Russian Empire.

New!!: World War I and Petrograd Soviet · See more »

Petroleum reservoir

A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface pool of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations.

New!!: World War I and Petroleum reservoir · See more »

Philipp Scheidemann

Philipp Heinrich Scheidemann (26 July 1865 – 29 November 1939) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

New!!: World War I and Philipp Scheidemann · See more »

Philippe Pétain

Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain (Maréchal Pétain), was a French general officer who attained the position of Marshal of France at the end of World War I, during which he became known as The Lion of Verdun, and in World War II served as the Chief of State of Vichy France from 1940 to 1944.

New!!: World War I and Philippe Pétain · See more »

Phosgene

Phosgene is the chemical compound with the formula COCl2.

New!!: World War I and Phosgene · See more »

Pocket watch

A pocket watch (or pocketwatch) is a watch that is made to be carried in a pocket, as opposed to a wristwatch, which is strapped to the wrist.

New!!: World War I and Pocket watch · See more »

Pogrom

The term pogrom has multiple meanings, ascribed most often to the deliberate persecution of an ethnic or religious group either approved or condoned by the local authorities.

New!!: World War I and Pogrom · See more »

Polemic

A polemic is contentious rhetoric that is intended to support a specific position by aggressive claims and undermining of the opposing position.

New!!: World War I and Polemic · See more »

Poles

The Poles (Polacy,; singular masculine: Polak, singular feminine: Polka), commonly referred to as the Polish people, are a nation and West Slavic ethnic group native to Poland in Central Europe who share a common ancestry, culture, history and are native speakers of the Polish language.

New!!: World War I and Poles · See more »

Pope Benedict XV

Pope Benedict XV (Latin: Benedictus; Benedetto), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa (21 November 1854 – 22 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 3 September 1914 until his death in 1922.

New!!: World War I and Pope Benedict XV · See more »

Pope Pius X

Pope Saint Pius X (Pio), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, (2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from August 1903 to his death in 1914.

New!!: World War I and Pope Pius X · See more »

Poppies of Flanders

Poppies of Flanders is a 1927 British drama film directed by Arthur Maude and starring Jameson Thomas, Eve Gray and Henry Vibart.

New!!: World War I and Poppies of Flanders · See more »

Population exchange between Greece and Turkey

The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey (Ἡ Ἀνταλλαγή, Mübâdele) stemmed from the "Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations" signed at Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 January 1923, by the governments of Greece and Turkey.

New!!: World War I and Population exchange between Greece and Turkey · See more »

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)Acceptable variants of this term exist; see the Terminology section in this article.

New!!: World War I and Posttraumatic stress disorder · See more »

Powder keg of Europe

The powder keg of Europe or Balkan powder keg was the Balkans in the early part of the 20th century preceding World War I. There were a number of overlapping claims to territories and spheres of influence between the major European powers such as the Russian Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the German Empire and, to a lesser degree, the Ottoman Empire, the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Italy.

New!!: World War I and Powder keg of Europe · See more »

Prince Maximilian of Baden

Maximilian, Margrave of Baden (Maximilian Alexander Friedrich Wilhelm; 10 July 1867 – 6 November 1929),Almanach de Gotha.

New!!: World War I and Prince Maximilian of Baden · See more »

Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma

Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma (1 August 1886 – 14 March 1934) was a son of Robert I, the last reigning Duke of Parma.

New!!: World War I and Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma · See more »

Princely state

A princely state, also called native state (legally, under the British) or Indian state (for those states on the subcontinent), was a vassal state under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj.

New!!: World War I and Princely state · See more »

Principality of Albania

The Principality of Albania (Albanian: Principata e Shqipërisë or Shteti Shqiptar) refers to the short-lived monarchy in Albania, headed by William, Prince of Albania, that lasted from the Treaty of London of 1913 which ended the First Balkan War, through the invasions of Albania during World War I and the subsequent disputes over Albanian independence during the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, until 1925, when the monarchy was abolished and the Albanian Republic declared.

New!!: World War I and Principality of Albania · See more »

Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person, whether combatant or non-combatant, who is held in custody by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

New!!: World War I and Prisoner of war · See more »

Prisoner-of-war camp

A prisoner-of-war camp is a site for the containment of enemy combatants captured by a belligerent power in time of war.

New!!: World War I and Prisoner-of-war camp · See more »

Prize (law)

Prize is a term used in admiralty law to refer to equipment, vehicles, vessels, and cargo captured during armed conflict.

New!!: World War I and Prize (law) · See more »

Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus

The Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, Provisional National Government of South West Caucasia (Modern Turkish: Güneybatı Kafkas Geçici Milli Hükûmeti; Ottoman Turkish: Cenub-ı Garbi Kafkas Hükûmet-i Muvakkate-i Milliyesi Cənub-Qərbi Qafqaz Cümhuriyyəti) or Kars Republic was a short-lived nominally-independent provisional government based in Kars, northeastern Turkey.

New!!: World War I and Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus · See more »

Prussia

Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.

New!!: World War I and Prussia · See more »

Przasnysz

Przasnysz (פראשניץ Proshnitz, German: "Praschnitz") is a town in Poland.

New!!: World War I and Przasnysz · See more »

Public holiday

A public holiday, national holiday or legal holiday is a holiday generally established by law and is usually a non-working day during the year.

New!!: World War I and Public holiday · See more »

Public Schools Act 1868

The Public Schools Act 1868 was enacted by the British Parliament to reform and regulate seven of the leading English boys' schools of the time, most of which had grown out of ancient charity schools for the education of a certain number of poor scholars, but were then, as they do today, also educating many sons of the English upper and upper-middle classes on a fee-paying basis.

New!!: World War I and Public Schools Act 1868 · See more »

Pula

Pula or Pola (Italian and Istro-Romanian: Pola; Colonia Pietas Iulia Pola Pollentia Herculanea; Slovene and Chakavian: Pulj, Hungarian: Póla, Polei, Ancient Greek: Πόλαι, Polae) is the largest city in Istria County, Croatia and the eighth largest city in the country, situated at the southern tip of the Istria peninsula, with a population of 57,460 in 2011.

New!!: World War I and Pula · See more »

Punch (magazine)

Punch; or, The London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and engraver Ebenezer Landells.

New!!: World War I and Punch (magazine) · See more »

Q-ship

Q-ships, also known as Q-boats, decoy vessels, special service ships, or mystery ships, were heavily armed merchant ships with concealed weaponry, designed to lure submarines into making surface attacks.

New!!: World War I and Q-ship · See more »

Qashqai people

Qashqai (pronounced; also spelled Qashqa'i, Qashqay, Kashkai, Kashkay, Qashqayı, Gashgai, Gashgay, in Persian: قشقایی) is a conglomeration of clans in Iran consisting of mostly Turkic peoples but also Lurs, Kurds, and Arabs.

New!!: World War I and Qashqai people · See more »

Qingdao

Qingdao (also spelled Tsingtao) is a city in eastern Shandong Province on the east coast of China.

New!!: World War I and Qingdao · See more »

R. G. Collingwood

Robin George Collingwood, FBA (22 February 1889 – 9 January 1943), was an English philosopher, historian and archaeologist.

New!!: World War I and R. G. Collingwood · See more »

Race to the Sea

The Race to the Sea took place from about 1914, after the Battle of the Frontiers and the German advance into France, which had been stopped at the First Battle of the Marne and was followed by the First Battle of the Aisne a Franco-British counter-offensive.

New!!: World War I and Race to the Sea · See more »

Railway gun

A railway gun, also called a railroad gun, is a large artillery piece, often surplus naval artillery, mounted on, transported by, and fired from a specially designed railway wagon.

New!!: World War I and Railway gun · See more »

Rapallo Conference

The Rapallo Conference was convened by the Allied powers of World War I, on the fifth of November 1917 in Rapallo, Italy, following their defeat by Germany at the Battle of Caporetto.

New!!: World War I and Rapallo Conference · See more »

Rape of Belgium

The Rape of Belgium was the German mistreatment of civilians during the invasion and subsequent occupation of Belgium during World War I. The neutrality of Belgium had been guaranteed by the Treaty of London (1839), which had been signed by Prussia.

New!!: World War I and Rape of Belgium · See more »

Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)

The Rattanakosin Kingdom (อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์) is the fourth and present traditional centre of power in the history of Thailand (or Siam).

New!!: World War I and Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932) · See more »

Raymond Poincaré

Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincaré (20 August 1860 – 15 October 1934) was a French statesman who served three times as 58th Prime Minister of France, and as President of France from 1913 to 1920.

New!!: World War I and Raymond Poincaré · See more »

Reconnaissance

In military operations, reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration outside an area occupied by friendly forces to gain information about natural features and other activities in the area.

New!!: World War I and Reconnaissance · See more »

Red Week (Italy)

Red Week was the name given to a week of unrest which occurred in June, 1914.

New!!: World War I and Red Week (Italy) · See more »

Reims

Reims (also spelled Rheims), a city in the Grand Est region of France, lies east-northeast of Paris.

New!!: World War I and Reims · See more »

Reinhard Scheer

Reinhard Scheer (30 September 1863 – 26 November 1928) was an Admiral in the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine).

New!!: World War I and Reinhard Scheer · See more »

Reinsurance Treaty

The Reinsurance Treaty, (June 18, 1887), a secret agreement between Germany and Russia arranged by the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck after the German-Austrian-Russian Dreikaiserbund or League of the Three Emperors, collapsed in 1887, because of competition between Austria-Hungary (Franz Joseph I) and Russia (Alexander III) for spheres of influence in the Balkans.

New!!: World War I and Reinsurance Treaty · See more »

Renault FT

The Renault FT (frequently referred to in post-World War I literature as the FT-17, FT17, or similar) was a French light tank that was among the most revolutionary and influential tank designs in history.

New!!: World War I and Renault FT · See more »

Republic of China (1912–1949)

The Republic of China was a sovereign state in East Asia, that occupied the territories of modern China, and for part of its history Mongolia and Taiwan.

New!!: World War I and Republic of China (1912–1949) · See more »

Revolutions of 1917–1923

The Revolutions of 1917–1923 were a period of political unrest and revolts around the world inspired by the success of the Russian Revolution and the disorder created by the aftermath of World War I. The uprisings were mainly socialist or anti-colonial in nature and were mostly short-lived, failing to have a long-term impact.

New!!: World War I and Revolutions of 1917–1923 · See more »

Rijeka

Rijeka (Fiume; Reka; Sankt Veit am Flaum; see other names) is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split).

New!!: World War I and Rijeka · See more »

RMS Lusitania

RMS Lusitania was a British ocean liner and briefly the world's largest passenger ship.

New!!: World War I and RMS Lusitania · See more »

Robert Nivelle

Robert Georges Nivelle (15 October 1856 – 22 March 1924) was a French artillery officer who served in the Boxer Rebellion, and the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Robert Nivelle · See more »

Rosa Luxemburg

Rosa Luxemburg (Róża Luksemburg; also Rozalia Luxenburg; 5 March 1871 – 15 January 1919) was a Polish Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist, anti-war activist, and revolutionary socialist who became a naturalized German citizen at the age of 28.

New!!: World War I and Rosa Luxemburg · See more »

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

New!!: World War I and Royal Navy · See more »

Rudolph Rummel

Rudolph Joseph Rummel (October 21, 1932 – March 2, 2014) was professor of political science who taught at the Indiana University, Yale University, and University of Hawaii.

New!!: World War I and Rudolph Rummel · See more »

Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

New!!: World War I and Russia · See more »

Russian Caucasus Army (World War I)

The Russian Caucasus Army (Кавказскaя армия) of World War I was the Russian field army that fought in the Caucasus Campaign and Persian Campaign of World War I. It was renowned for inflicting heavy casualties on the opposing forces of the Ottoman Empire, particularly at the Battle of Sarikamish.

New!!: World War I and Russian Caucasus Army (World War I) · See more »

Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War (Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossiyi; November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.

New!!: World War I and Russian Civil War · See more »

Russian cruiser Zhemchug

Zhemchug (Жемчуг, "Pearl") was the second of the two-vessel of protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy.

New!!: World War I and Russian cruiser Zhemchug · See more »

Russian Empire

The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.

New!!: World War I and Russian Empire · See more »

Russian Expeditionary Force in France

The Russian Expeditionary Force (Corps Expéditionnaire Russe en France) was a World War I military force sent to France by the Russian Empire.

New!!: World War I and Russian Expeditionary Force in France · See more »

Russian famine of 1921–22

The Russian famine of 1921–22, also known as Povolzhye famine, was a severe famine in Russia which began in early spring of 1921 and lasted through 1922.

New!!: World War I and Russian famine of 1921–22 · See more »

Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914)

The Russian invasion of East Prussia occurred during the First World War, lasting from August to September 1914.

New!!: World War I and Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914) · See more »

Russian Provisional Government

The Russian Provisional Government (Vremennoye pravitel'stvo Rossii) was a provisional government of Russia established immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of the Russian Empire on 2 March 1917.

New!!: World War I and Russian Provisional Government · See more »

Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution was a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917 which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union.

New!!: World War I and Russian Revolution · See more »

Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

New!!: World War I and Saint Petersburg · See more »

Saint-Quentin, Aisne

Saint-Quentin is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

New!!: World War I and Saint-Quentin, Aisne · See more »

Salient (military)

A salient, also known as a bulge, is a battlefield feature that projects into enemy territory.

New!!: World War I and Salient (military) · See more »

Salisbury Plain

Salisbury Plain is a chalk plateau in the south western part of central southern England covering.

New!!: World War I and Salisbury Plain · See more »

Samuel Hynes

Samuel Lynn Hynes (born August 29, 1924) is an author.

New!!: World War I and Samuel Hynes · See more »

Sarajevo

Sarajevo (see names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its current administrative limits.

New!!: World War I and Sarajevo · See more »

Scapa Flow

Scapa Flow viewed from its eastern end in June 2009 Scapa Flow is a body of water in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, sheltered by the islands of Mainland, Graemsay, Burray,S.

New!!: World War I and Scapa Flow · See more »

Schlieffen Plan

The Schlieffen Plan (Schlieffen-Plan) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914.

New!!: World War I and Schlieffen Plan · See more »

Schutzkorps

The Schutzkorps (Šuckor; lit. "Protection Corps") was an auxiliary volunteer militia established by Austro-Hungarian authorities in the newly annexed province of Bosnia and Herzegovina to track down Bosnian Serb opposition (members of the Chetniks and the Komiti), while its main victims were civilians.

New!!: World War I and Schutzkorps · See more »

Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

New!!: World War I and Scotland · See more »

Sea lane

A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used route for vessels on oceans and large lakes.

New!!: World War I and Sea lane · See more »

Sea of Galilee

The Sea of Galilee, also Kinneret or Kinnereth, Lake of Gennesaret, or Lake Tiberias (יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא; גִּנֵּיסַר بحيرة طبريا), is a freshwater lake in Israel.

New!!: World War I and Sea of Galilee · See more »

Second Balkan War

The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 (O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913.

New!!: World War I and Second Balkan War · See more »

Second Battle of Gaza

The Second Battle of Gaza was fought between 17 and 19 April 1917, following the defeat of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) at the First Battle of Gaza in March, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Second Battle of Gaza · See more »

Second Battle of the Marne

The Second Battle of the Marne (Seconde Bataille de la Marne), or Battle of Reims (15 July – 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Second Battle of the Marne · See more »

Second Battle of the Piave River

The Second Battle of the Piave River, fought between 15 and 23 June 1918, was a decisive victory for the Italian Army against the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War I. Though the battle proved to be a decisive blow to the Austro-Hungarian Empire and by extension the Central Powers, its full significance was not initially appreciated in Italy.

New!!: World War I and Second Battle of the Piave River · See more »

Second Battle of Ypres

During World War I, the Second Battle of Ypres was fought from for control of the strategic Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium after the First Battle of Ypres the previous autumn.

New!!: World War I and Second Battle of Ypres · See more »

Second French Empire

The French Second Empire (Second Empire) was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.

New!!: World War I and Second French Empire · See more »

Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, commonly known as interwar Poland, refers to the country of Poland between the First and Second World Wars (1918–1939).

New!!: World War I and Second Polish Republic · See more »

Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt

The Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt, officially known by the British as the Second action of Es Salt Battles Nomenclature Committee 1922 p. 33 and by others as the Second Battle of the Jordan,Erickson 2001 p. 195 was fought east of the Jordan River between 30 April and 4 May 1918, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt · See more »

Sedition Act of 1918

The Sedition Act of 1918 was an Act of the United States Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses, notably speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds.

New!!: World War I and Sedition Act of 1918 · See more »

Selective Draft Law Cases

Arver v. United States,, also known as the Selective Draft Law Cases, was a United States Supreme Court decision which upheld the Selective Service Act of 1917, and more generally, upheld conscription in the United States.

New!!: World War I and Selective Draft Law Cases · See more »

Selective Service Act of 1917

The Selective Service Act of 1917 or Selective Draft Act authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through conscription.

New!!: World War I and Selective Service Act of 1917 · See more »

Self-determination

The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.

New!!: World War I and Self-determination · See more »

Self-propelled artillery

Self-propelled artillery (also called mobile artillery or locomotive artillery) is artillery equipped with its own propulsion system to move towards its target.

New!!: World War I and Self-propelled artillery · See more »

Senussi

The Senussi, or Sanussi (السنوسية), are a Muslim political-religious tariqa (Sufi order) and clan in colonial Libya and the Sudan region founded in Mecca in 1837 by the Grand Senussi (السنوسي الكبير), the Algerian Muhammad ibn Ali as-Senussi.

New!!: World War I and Senussi · See more »

Senussi Campaign

The Senussi Campaign took place in North Africa, from November 1915 to February 1917, during the First World War between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Italy against the Senussi.

New!!: World War I and Senussi Campaign · See more »

Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbian and Bosnian: Срби у Босни и Херцеговини / Srbi u Bosni i Hercegovini) are one of the three constitutive nations (State-forming nations) of the country, predominantly residing in the political-territorial entity of Republika Srpska.

New!!: World War I and Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina · See more »

Seventh Army (Ottoman Empire)

The Ottoman Seventh Army was a large military formation of the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

New!!: World War I and Seventh Army (Ottoman Empire) · See more »

Shandong

Shandong (formerly romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the East China region.

New!!: World War I and Shandong · See more »

Shell (projectile)

A shell is a payload-carrying projectile that, as opposed to shot, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage sometimes includes large solid projectiles properly termed shot.

New!!: World War I and Shell (projectile) · See more »

Shoulder Arms

Shoulder Arms is Charlie Chaplin's second film for First National Pictures.

New!!: World War I and Shoulder Arms · See more »

Siberia

Siberia (a) is an extensive geographical region, and by the broadest definition is also known as North Asia.

New!!: World War I and Siberia · See more »

Siege of Kut

The Siege of Kut Al Amara (7 December 1915 – 29 April 1916), also known as the First Battle of Kut, was the besieging of an 8,000 strong British-Indian garrison in the town of Kut, south of Baghdad, by the Ottoman Army.

New!!: World War I and Siege of Kut · See more »

Siege of Medina

Medina, an Islamic holy city in Arabia, underwent a long siege during World War I. Medina was at the time part of the Ottoman Empire.

New!!: World War I and Siege of Medina · See more »

Siege of Tsingtao

The Siege of Tsingtao, sometimes Siege of Tsingtau, was the attack on the German port of Tsingtao (Qingdao) in China during World War I by Japan and the United Kingdom.

New!!: World War I and Siege of Tsingtao · See more »

Siegfried Sassoon

Siegfried Loraine Sassoon, (8 September 1886 – 1 September 1967) was an English poet, writer, and soldier.

New!!: World War I and Siegfried Sassoon · See more »

Sinai and Palestine Campaign

The Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I was fought between the British Empire and the Ottoman Empire, supported by the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and Sinai and Palestine Campaign · See more »

Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai (now usually) is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.

New!!: World War I and Sinai Peninsula · See more »

Sinking of the RMS Lusitania

The sinking of the Cunard ocean liner RMS ''Lusitania'' occurred on Friday, 7 May 1915 during the First World War, as Germany waged submarine warfare against the United Kingdom which had implemented a naval blockade of Germany.

New!!: World War I and Sinking of the RMS Lusitania · See more »

Skagerrak

The Skagerrak is a strait running between the southeast coast of Norway, the southwest coast of Sweden, and the Jutland peninsula of Denmark, connecting the North Sea and the Kattegat sea area, which leads to the Baltic Sea.

New!!: World War I and Skagerrak · See more »

Slovenia

Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.

New!!: World War I and Slovenia · See more »

SM U-20 (Germany)

SM U-20 was a German Type ''U 19'' U-boat built for service in the Imperial German Navy.

New!!: World War I and SM U-20 (Germany) · See more »

SM U-27 (Germany)

SM U-27 was a German Type ''U-27'' U-boat built for service in the Imperial German Navy.

New!!: World War I and SM U-27 (Germany) · See more »

SM U-41 (Germany)

SM U-41 was one of the 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I. U-41 engaged in naval warfare and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic.

New!!: World War I and SM U-41 (Germany) · See more »

SM U-86

SM U-86 was a Type U 81 style submarine manufactured in the Germaniawerft, Kiel shipyard for the German Empire during World War I. On 27 June 1918, under the command of Lieutenant Helmut Patzig, U-86 sank the Canadian hospital ship off the coast of Ireland, in violation of international law and standing orders of the Imperial German Navy.

New!!: World War I and SM U-86 · See more »

Soča

The Soča (in Slovene) or Isonzo (in Italian; other names Lusinç, Sontig, Aesontius or Isontius) is a long river that flows through western Slovenia and northeastern Italy.

New!!: World War I and Soča · See more »

Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Social Democratic Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, SPD) is a social-democratic political party in Germany.

New!!: World War I and Social Democratic Party of Germany · See more »

Socialist Party of America

The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a multi-tendency democratic socialist and social democratic political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of America which had split from the main organization in 1899.

New!!: World War I and Socialist Party of America · See more »

Solitary confinement

Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an inmate is isolated from any human contact, often with the exception of members of prison staff, for 22–24 hours a day, with a sentence ranging from days to decades.

New!!: World War I and Solitary confinement · See more »

Somaliland Campaign

The Somaliland Campaign, also called the Anglo-Somali War or the Dervish War, was a series of military expeditions that took place between 1900 and 1920 in the Horn of Africa, pitting the Dervishes led by Mohammed Abdullah Hassan (nicknamed the "Mad Mullah", although he "was neither mad nor a mullah") against the British.

New!!: World War I and Somaliland Campaign · See more »

Sonar

Sonar (originally an acronym for SOund Navigation And Ranging) is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in submarine navigation) to navigate, communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels.

New!!: World War I and Sonar · See more »

Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg

Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg (Žofie Marie Josefína Albína hraběnka Chotková z Chotkova a Vojnína; Sophie Maria Josephine Albina Gräfin Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin; 1 March 1868 – 28 June 1914), was the wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

New!!: World War I and Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg · See more »

Sopwith Camel

The Sopwith Camel was a British First World War single-seat biplane fighter aircraft introduced on the Western Front in 1917.

New!!: World War I and Sopwith Camel · See more »

Southern Dobruja

Southern Dobruja (Bulgarian: Южна Добруджа, Yuzhna Dobrudzha or simply Добруджа, Dobrudzha) is an area of north-eastern Bulgaria comprising the administrative districts named for its two principal cities of Dobrich and Silistra.

New!!: World War I and Southern Dobruja · See more »

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

New!!: World War I and Soviet Union · See more »

Spa, Belgium

Spa is a Belgian town located in the Province of Liège, and is the town where the word spa comes from.

New!!: World War I and Spa, Belgium · See more »

Spanish flu

The Spanish flu (January 1918 – December 1920), also known as the 1918 flu pandemic, was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus.

New!!: World War I and Spanish flu · See more »

Spring Offensive

The 1918 Spring Offensive, or Kaiserschlacht (Kaiser's Battle), also known as the Ludendorff Offensive, was a series of German attacks along the Western Front during the First World War, beginning on 21 March 1918, which marked the deepest advances by either side since 1914.

New!!: World War I and Spring Offensive · See more »

Stab-in-the-back myth

The stab-in-the-back myth (Dolchstoßlegende) was the notion, widely believed and promulgated in right-wing circles in Germany after 1918, that the German Army did not lose World War I on the battlefield but was instead betrayed by the civilians on the home front, especially the republicans who overthrew the monarchy in the German Revolution of 1918–19.

New!!: World War I and Stab-in-the-back myth · See more »

Stahlhelm

Stahlhelm (plural Stahlhelme) is German for "steel helmet".

New!!: World War I and Stahlhelm · See more »

Standschützen

The Standschützen (singular: Standschütze The German noun Standschütze is a so-called nominal composition, composed of the nouns Stand- (en.

New!!: World War I and Standschützen · See more »

Starvation

Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life.

New!!: World War I and Starvation · See more »

State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs

The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (Država Slovenaca, Hrvata i Srba/Држава Словенаца, Хрвата и Срба; Država Slovencev, Hrvatov in Srbov) was a short-lived entity formed at the end of World War I by Slovenes, Croats and Serbs residing in what were the southernmost parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

New!!: World War I and State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs · See more »

Stephen Hobhouse

Stephen Henry Hobhouse (5 August 1881 – 2 April 1961) was a prominent English peace activist, prison reformer, and religious writer.

New!!: World War I and Stephen Hobhouse · See more »

Stormtrooper

Stormtroopers were specialist soldiers of the German Army in World War I. In the last years of the war, Stoßtruppen ("shock troops" or "thrust troops") were trained to fight with "infiltration tactics", part of the Germans' new method of attack on enemy trenches.

New!!: World War I and Stormtrooper · See more »

Strategic bomber

A strategic bomber is a medium to long range penetration bomber aircraft designed to drop large amounts of air-to-ground weaponry onto a distant target for the purposes of debilitating the enemy's capacity to wage war.

New!!: World War I and Strategic bomber · See more »

Submachine gun

A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed, automatic carbine designed to fire pistol cartridges.

New!!: World War I and Submachine gun · See more »

Submarine

A submarine (or simply sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

New!!: World War I and Submarine · See more »

Submarine warfare

Submarine warfare is one of the four divisions of underwater warfare, the others being anti-submarine warfare, mine warfare and mine countermeasures.

New!!: World War I and Submarine warfare · See more »

Succession of states

Succession of states is a theory and practice in international relations regarding successor states.

New!!: World War I and Succession of states · See more »

Suez Canal

thumb The Suez Canal (قناة السويس) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.

New!!: World War I and Suez Canal · See more »

Suffragette

Suffragettes were members of women's organisations in the late-19th and early-20th centuries who, under the banner "Votes for Women", fought for women's suffrage, the right to vote in public elections.

New!!: World War I and Suffragette · See more »

Sulfur mustard

Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, is the prototypical substance of the sulfur-based family of cytotoxic and vesicant chemical warfare agents known as the sulfur mustards which have the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin and in the lungs.

New!!: World War I and Sulfur mustard · See more »

Summary execution

A summary execution is an execution in which a person is accused of a crime and immediately killed without benefit of a full and fair trial.

New!!: World War I and Summary execution · See more »

Supreme War Council

The Supreme War Council was a central command that coordinate Allied military strategy during World War I. It was founded in 1917, and was based in Versailles.

New!!: World War I and Supreme War Council · See more »

Surplus women

Surplus women is a phrase coined during the Industrial Revolution referring to a perceived excess of unmarried women in Britain.

New!!: World War I and Surplus women · See more »

Syndicalism

Syndicalism is a proposed type of economic system, considered a replacement for capitalism.

New!!: World War I and Syndicalism · See more »

Tangestan County

Tangestan County (شهرستان تنگستان) is a county in Bushehr Province in Iran.

New!!: World War I and Tangestan County · See more »

Tank

A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat, with heavy firepower, strong armour, tracks and a powerful engine providing good battlefield maneuverability.

New!!: World War I and Tank · See more »

Tanks in World War I

The development of tanks in World War I was a response to the stalemate that had developed on the Western Front.

New!!: World War I and Tanks in World War I · See more »

Taurus Mountains

The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları, Armenian: Թորոս լեռներ, Ancient Greek: Ὄρη Ταύρου) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region of southern Turkey from the central Anatolian Plateau.

New!!: World War I and Taurus Mountains · See more »

Tønder

Tønder (Tondern) is a town in the Region of Southern Denmark.

New!!: World War I and Tønder · See more »

Tehcir Law

The Tehcir Law (from tehcir, a word of Arabic origin in Ottoman Turkish and meaning "deportation" or "forced displacement" as defined by the Turkish Language Institute), or, officially by the Republic of Turkey, the "Sevk ve İskân Kanunu" (Relocation and Resettlement Law) was a law passed by the Ottoman Parliament on May 27, 1915 authorizing the deportation of the Ottoman Empire's Armenian population.

New!!: World War I and Tehcir Law · See more »

Termination of the Present War (Definition) Act 1918

The Termination of the Present War (Definition) Act 1918 was an Act of the British Parliament passed in 1918.

New!!: World War I and Termination of the Present War (Definition) Act 1918 · See more »

The Big Four (World War I)

The Big Four or The Four Nations refer to the four top Allied powers of the World War I and their leaders who met at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919.

New!!: World War I and The Big Four (World War I) · See more »

The Crown

The Crown is the state in all its aspects within the jurisprudence of the Commonwealth realms and their sub-divisions (such as Crown dependencies, provinces, or states).

New!!: World War I and The Crown · See more »

The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

New!!: World War I and The Daily Telegraph · See more »

The Indianapolis Star

The Indianapolis Star is a morning daily newspaper that began publishing on June 6, 1903 in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.

New!!: World War I and The Indianapolis Star · See more »

The Influence of Sea Power upon History

The Influence of Sea Power Upon History: 1660–1783 is a history of naval warfare published in 1890 by Alfred Thayer Mahan.

New!!: World War I and The Influence of Sea Power upon History · See more »

The Journal of American History

The Journal of American History is the official academic journal of the Organization of American Historians.

New!!: World War I and The Journal of American History · See more »

The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

New!!: World War I and The New York Times · See more »

The Times

The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.

New!!: World War I and The Times · See more »

The war to end war

"The war to end war" (sometimes called "The war to end all wars") was a term for the First World War of 1914–1918.

New!!: World War I and The war to end war · See more »

Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg

Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann-Hollweg (29 November 1856 – 1 January 1921) was a German politician who was the Chancellor of the German Empire from 1909 to 1917.

New!!: World War I and Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg · See more »

Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was an American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909.

New!!: World War I and Theodore Roosevelt · See more »

Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη, Thessaloníki), also familiarly known as Thessalonica, Salonica, or Salonika is the second-largest city in Greece, with over 1 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.

New!!: World War I and Thessaloniki · See more »

Thiepval Memorial

The Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme is a war memorial to 72,337 missing British and South African servicemen who died in the Battles of the Somme of the First World War between 1915 and 1918, with no known grave.

New!!: World War I and Thiepval Memorial · See more »

Third Battle of Gaza

The Third Battle of Gaza was fought on the night of 1/2 November 1917 between British and Ottoman forces during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I, and came after the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory at the Battle of Beersheba had ended the Stalemate in Southern Palestine.

New!!: World War I and Third Battle of Gaza · See more »

Third Battle of the Aisne

The Third Battle of the Aisne (3e Bataille de L'Aisne) was a battle of the German Spring Offensive during World War I that focused on capturing the Chemin des Dames Ridge before the American Expeditionary Forces arrived completely in France.

New!!: World War I and Third Battle of the Aisne · See more »

Third Transjordan attack

The Third Transjordan attack by Chaytor's Force, part of the British Empire's Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF), took place between 21 and 25 September 1918, against the Ottoman Empire's Fourth Army and other Yildirim Army Group units.

New!!: World War I and Third Transjordan attack · See more »

Three Pashas

The "Three Pashas" (اوچ پاشلار) refers to the triumvirate of senior officials who effectively ruled the Ottoman Empire during World War I: Mehmed Talaat Pasha (1874–1921), the Grand Vizier (prime minister) and Minister of the Interior; Ismail Enver Pasha (1881–1922), the Minister of War; and Ahmed Djemal Pasha (1872–1922), the Minister of the Navy.

New!!: World War I and Three Pashas · See more »

Tiberias

Tiberias (טְבֶרְיָה, Tverya,; طبرية, Ṭabariyyah) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

New!!: World War I and Tiberias · See more »

Timeline of World War I

No description.

New!!: World War I and Timeline of World War I · See more »

Togoland

Togoland was a German protectorate in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana, approximately 77,355 km2 (29,867 sq mi) in size.

New!!: World War I and Togoland · See more »

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier refers to a monument dedicated to the services of an unknown soldier and to the common memories of all soldiers killed in any war.

New!!: World War I and Tomb of the Unknown Soldier · See more »

Tondern raid

The Tondern raid, officially designated Operation F.7, was a British bombing raid mounted by the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force against the Imperial German Navy's airship base at Tønder, Denmark, then a part of Germany.

New!!: World War I and Tondern raid · See more »

Trans-Siberian Railway

The Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR, p) is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East.

New!!: World War I and Trans-Siberian Railway · See more »

Transcaucasia

Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.

New!!: World War I and Transcaucasia · See more »

Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR; Закавказская демократическая Федеративная Республика (ЗКДФР); Zakavkazskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika (ZKDFR); 22 April28 May 1918), also known as the Transcaucasian Federation, was a short-lived South Caucasian state extending across what are now the modern-day countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, plus parts of Eastern Turkey as well as Russian border areas.

New!!: World War I and Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic · See more »

Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in today's central Romania.

New!!: World War I and Transylvania · See more »

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (Brześć Litewski; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk · See more »

Treaty of Bucharest (1918)

The Treaty of Bucharest was a peace treaty between Romania on one side and the Central Powers on the other, following the stalemate reached after the campaign of 1916–17 and Romania's isolation after Russia's unilateral exit from World War I (see Treaty of Brest-Litovsk).

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Bucharest (1918) · See more »

Treaty of Lausanne

The Treaty of Lausanne (Traité de Lausanne) was a peace treaty signed in the Palais de Rumine, Lausanne, Switzerland, on 24 July 1923.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Lausanne · See more »

Treaty of London (1913)

The Treaty of London (1913) was signed on 30 May during the London Conference of 1912–13.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of London (1913) · See more »

Treaty of London (1915)

London Pact (Patto di Londra), or more correctly, the Treaty of London, 1915, was a secret pact between the Triple Entente and the Kingdom of Italy.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of London (1915) · See more »

Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine

The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine required Bulgaria to cede various territories, after Bulgaria had been one of the Central Powers defeated in World War I. The treaty was signed on 27 November 1919 at Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine · See more »

Treaty of Poti

The Treaty of Poti was a provisional agreement between the German Empire and the Democratic Republic of Georgia in which the latter accepted German protection and recognition.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Poti · See more »

Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)

The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed on 10 September 1919 by the victorious Allies of World War I on the one hand and by the Republic of German-Austria on the other.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) · See more »

Treaty of Sèvres

The Treaty of Sèvres (Traité de Sèvres) was one of a series of treaties that the Central Powers signed after their defeat in World War I. Hostilities had already ended with the Armistice of Mudros.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Sèvres · See more »

Treaty of Trianon

The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement of 1920 that formally ended World War I between most of the Allies of World War I and the Kingdom of Hungary, the latter being one of the successor states to Austria-Hungary.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Trianon · See more »

Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles (Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end.

New!!: World War I and Treaty of Versailles · See more »

Trench foot

Trench foot is a medical condition caused by prolonged exposure of the feet to damp, unsanitary, and cold conditions.

New!!: World War I and Trench foot · See more »

Trench railways

Trench railways represented military adaptation of early 20th century railway technology to the problem of keeping soldiers supplied during the static trench warfare phase of World War I. The large concentrations of soldiers and artillery at the front lines required delivery of enormous quantities of food, ammunition and fortification construction materials where transport facilities had been destroyed.

New!!: World War I and Trench railways · See more »

Trench warfare

Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of military trenches, in which troops are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.

New!!: World War I and Trench warfare · See more »

Trentino

Trentino, officially the Autonomous Province of Trento, is an autonomous province of Italy, in the country's far north.

New!!: World War I and Trentino · See more »

Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol (Trentino-Alto Adige,; Trentino-Südtirol; Trentin-Südtirol) is an autonomous region in Northern Italy.

New!!: World War I and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol · See more »

Trieste

Trieste (Trst) is a city and a seaport in northeastern Italy.

New!!: World War I and Trieste · See more »

Trifko Grabež

Trifun "Trifko" Grabež (Трифун "Трифко" Грабеж; – 21 October 1916) was a Bosnian Serb member of the organization the Black Hand involved in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

New!!: World War I and Trifko Grabež · See more »

Triple Alliance (1882)

The Triple Alliance was a secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

New!!: World War I and Triple Alliance (1882) · See more »

Triple Entente

The Triple Entente (from French entente "friendship, understanding, agreement") refers to the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907.

New!!: World War I and Triple Entente · See more »

Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

New!!: World War I and Turkey · See more »

Turkish National Movement

The Turkish National Movement (Türk Ulusal Hareketi) encompasses the political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries that resulted in the creation and shaping of the modern Republic of Turkey, as a consequence of the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I and the subsequent occupation of Constantinople and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros.

New!!: World War I and Turkish National Movement · See more »

Turkish War of Independence

The Turkish War of Independence (Kurtuluş Savaşı "War of Liberation", also known figuratively as İstiklâl Harbi "Independence War" or Millî Mücadele "National Campaign"; 19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was fought between the Turkish National Movement and the proxies of the Allies – namely Greece on the Western front, Armenia on the Eastern, France on the Southern and with them, the United Kingdom and Italy in Constantinople (now Istanbul) – after parts of the Ottoman Empire were occupied and partitioned following the Ottomans' defeat in World War I. Few of the occupying British, French, and Italian troops had been deployed or engaged in combat.

New!!: World War I and Turkish War of Independence · See more »

Tyrol

Tyrol (historically the Tyrole, Tirol, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps; in northern Italy and western Austria.

New!!: World War I and Tyrol · See more »

U-boat

U-boat is an anglicised version of the German word U-Boot, a shortening of Unterseeboot, literally "undersea boat".

New!!: World War I and U-boat · See more »

U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921)

The U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty is a peace treaty between the United States and Austria, signed in Vienna on August 24, 1921, in the aftermath of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921) · See more »

U.S.–German Peace Treaty (1921)

The U.S.—German Peace Treaty is a peace treaty between the U.S. and German governments, signed in Berlin on August 25, 1921, in the aftermath of World War I. The main reason for the conclusion of that treaty was the fact that the U.S. Senate did not consent to ratification of the multilateral peace treaty signed in Versailles, thus leading to a separate peace treaty.

New!!: World War I and U.S.–German Peace Treaty (1921) · See more »

U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921)

The U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty is a peace treaty between the United States and the Kingdom of Hungary, signed in Budapest on August 29, 1921, in the aftermath of the First World War.

New!!: World War I and U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921) · See more »

Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

New!!: World War I and Ukraine · See more »

Ukraine after the Russian Revolution

Ukrainian territory was fought over by various factions after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the First World War, which added the collapse of Austria-Hungary to that of the Russian Empire.

New!!: World War I and Ukraine after the Russian Revolution · See more »

Unfree labour

Unfree labour is a generic or collective term for those work relations, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, violence (including death), compulsion, or other forms of extreme hardship to themselves or members of their families.

New!!: World War I and Unfree labour · See more »

Unification of Germany

The unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France.

New!!: World War I and Unification of Germany · See more »

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.

New!!: World War I and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland · See more »

United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

New!!: World War I and United States · See more »

United States Army Center of Military History

The United States Army Center of Military History (CMH) is a directorate within the Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army.

New!!: World War I and United States Army Center of Military History · See more »

United States Army Command and General Staff College

The United States Army Command and General Staff College (CGSC or, obsolete, USACGSC) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is a graduate school for United States Army and sister service officers, interagency representatives, and international military officers.

New!!: World War I and United States Army Command and General Staff College · See more »

United States Battleship Division Nine (World War I)

United States Battleship Division Nine was a division of four, later five, dreadnought battleships of the United States Navy's Atlantic Fleet that constituted the American contribution to the British Grand Fleet during World War I. Although the U.S. entered the war on 6 April 1917, hesitation among senior officers of the U.S. Navy as to the wisdom of dividing the American battle fleet prevented the immediate dispatch of any capital ships for service in the war zone.

New!!: World War I and United States Battleship Division Nine (World War I) · See more »

United States Congress

The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States.

New!!: World War I and United States Congress · See more »

United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)

On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow Wilson asked a special joint session of the United States Congress for a declaration of war against the German Empire.

New!!: World War I and United States declaration of war on Germany (1917) · See more »

United States Marine Corps

The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the United States Navy.

New!!: World War I and United States Marine Corps · See more »

United States Navy

The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States.

New!!: World War I and United States Navy · See more »

United States presidential election, 1916

The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1916.

New!!: World War I and United States presidential election, 1916 · See more »

University of Washington Press

The University of Washington Press is an American academic publishing house.

New!!: World War I and University of Washington Press · See more »

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink vessels such as freighters and tankers without warning, as opposed to attacks per prize rules (also known as "cruiser rules").

New!!: World War I and Unrestricted submarine warfare · See more »

Vardar Offensive

The Vardar Offensive (Офанзива при Вардар) was a World War I military operation, fought between 15 and 29 September 1918.

New!!: World War I and Vardar Offensive · See more »

Vaso Čubrilović

Vaso Čubrilović (Васо Чубриловић; 14 January 1897 – 11 June 1990) was a Bosnian Serb scholar and Yugoslav politician.

New!!: World War I and Vaso Čubrilović · See more »

Verdun

Verdun (official name before 1970 Verdun-sur-Meuse) is a small city in the Meuse department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

New!!: World War I and Verdun · See more »

Veterans History Project

The Veterans History Project of the Library of Congress American Folklife Center (commonly known as the Veterans History Project) was created by the United States Congress in 2000 to collect and preserve the firsthand remembrances of U.S. wartime veterans.

New!!: World War I and Veterans History Project · See more »

Vickers machine gun

The Vickers machine gun or Vickers gun is a name primarily used to refer to the water-cooled.303 British (7.7 mm) machine gun produced by Vickers Limited, originally for the British Army.

New!!: World War I and Vickers machine gun · See more »

Victor Emmanuel III of Italy

Victor Emmanuel III (Vittorio Emanuele Ferdinando Maria Gennaro di Savoia; Vittorio Emanuele III, Viktor Emanueli III; 11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947) was the King of Italy from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946.

New!!: World War I and Victor Emmanuel III of Italy · See more »

Victorian era

In the history of the United Kingdom, the Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901.

New!!: World War I and Victorian era · See more »

Vienna

Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.

New!!: World War I and Vienna · See more »

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (19 May 1860 – 1 December 1952) was an Italian statesman, known for representing Italy in the 1919 Paris Peace Conference with his foreign minister Sidney Sonnino.

New!!: World War I and Vittorio Emanuele Orlando · See more »

Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (22 April 1870According to the new style calendar (modern Gregorian), Lenin was born on 22 April 1870. According to the old style (Old Julian) calendar used in the Russian Empire at the time, it was 10 April 1870. Russia converted from the old to the new style calendar in 1918, under Lenin's administration. – 21 January 1924), was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

New!!: World War I and Vladimir Lenin · See more »

Vladivostok

Vladivostok (p, literally ruler of the east) is a city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located around the Golden Horn Bay, not far from Russia's borders with China and North Korea.

New!!: World War I and Vladivostok · See more »

Volga Germans

The Volga Germans (Wolgadeutsche or Russlanddeutsche, Povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who colonized and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and to the south.

New!!: World War I and Volga Germans · See more »

Volhynia

Volhynia, also Volynia or Volyn (Wołyń, Volýn) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe straddling between south-eastern Poland, parts of south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine.

New!!: World War I and Volhynia · See more »

Wales

Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.

New!!: World War I and Wales · See more »

Wall Street

Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.

New!!: World War I and Wall Street · See more »

War effort

In politics and military planning, a war effort refers to a coordinated mobilization of society's resources—both industrial and human—towards the support of a military force.

New!!: World War I and War effort · See more »

War in History

War In History is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of History.

New!!: World War I and War in History · See more »

War memorial

A war memorial is a building, monument, statue or other edifice to celebrate a war or victory, or (predominating in modern times) to commemorate those who died or were injured in a war.

New!!: World War I and War memorial · See more »

Warren G. Harding

Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was an American politician who served as the 29th President of the United States from 1921 until his death in 1923.

New!!: World War I and Warren G. Harding · See more »

Warsaw

Warsaw (Warszawa; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland.

New!!: World War I and Warsaw · See more »

Watch

A watch is a timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person.

New!!: World War I and Watch · See more »

Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik) is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state during the years 1919 to 1933.

New!!: World War I and Weimar Republic · See more »

Western Front (World War I)

The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War.

New!!: World War I and Western Front (World War I) · See more »

Western Front tactics, 1917

In 1917, during World War I, the armies on the Western Front continued to change their fighting methods, due to the consequences of increased firepower, more automatic weapons, decentralisation of authority and the integration of specialised branches, equipment and techniques into the traditional structures of infantry, artillery and cavalry.

New!!: World War I and Western Front tactics, 1917 · See more »

White flag

White flags have had different meanings throughout history and depending on the locale.

New!!: World War I and White flag · See more »

White movement

The White movement (p) and its military arm the White Army (Бѣлая Армія/Белая Армия, Belaya Armiya), also known as the White Guard (Бѣлая Гвардія/Белая Гвардия, Belaya Gvardiya), the White Guardsmen (Белогвардейцы, Belogvardeytsi) or simply the Whites (Белые, Beliye), was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces that fought the Bolsheviks, also known as the Reds, in the Russian Civil War (1917–1922/3) and, to a lesser extent, continued operating as militarized associations both outside and within Russian borders until roughly the Second World War.

New!!: World War I and White movement · See more »

Wilfred Owen

Wilfred Edward Salter Owen, MC (18 March 1893 – 4 November 1918) was an English poet and soldier.

New!!: World War I and Wilfred Owen · See more »

Wilhelm II, German Emperor

Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert von Hohenzollern; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918.

New!!: World War I and Wilhelm II, German Emperor · See more »

Wilhelmshaven

Wilhelmshaven (meaning William's Harbour) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany.

New!!: World War I and Wilhelmshaven · See more »

William Rubinstein

William D. Rubinstein (born August 12, 1946) is a historian and author.

New!!: World War I and William Rubinstein · See more »

Wireless

Wireless communication, or sometimes simply wireless, is the transfer of information or power between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.

New!!: World War I and Wireless · See more »

Woodrow Wilson

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921.

New!!: World War I and Woodrow Wilson · See more »

World war

A world war, is a large-scale war involving many of the countries of the world or many of the most powerful and populous ones.

New!!: World War I and World war · See more »

World War I casualties

The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was more than 41 million: there were over 18 million deaths and 23 million wounded, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history.

New!!: World War I and World War I casualties · See more »

World War I reparations

World War I reparations were compensation imposed during the Paris Peace Conference upon the Central Powers following their defeat in the First World War by the Allied and Associate Powers.

New!!: World War I and World War I reparations · See more »

World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

New!!: World War I and World War II · See more »

XX Corps (United Kingdom)

The XX Corps was an army corps of the British Army during World War I.

New!!: World War I and XX Corps (United Kingdom) · See more »

XXI Corps (United Kingdom)

The XXI Corps was an Army Corps of the British Army during World War I. The Corps was formed in Egypt in June 1917 under the command of Lieutenant General Edward Bulfin.

New!!: World War I and XXI Corps (United Kingdom) · See more »

Yekaterinburg

Yekaterinburg (p), alternatively romanized Ekaterinburg, is the fourth-largest city in Russia and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast, located on the Iset River east of the Ural Mountains, in the middle of the Eurasian continent, at the boundary between Asia and Europe.

New!!: World War I and Yekaterinburg · See more »

Yeomanry

Yeomanry is a designation used by a number of units or sub-units of the British Army Reserve, descended from volunteer cavalry regiments.

New!!: World War I and Yeomanry · See more »

Young Bosnia

Young Bosnia (Mlada Bosna/Млада Босна) was a revolutionary movement active in the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina before World War I. The members were predominantly school students, primarily Bosnian Serbs, but also Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats.

New!!: World War I and Young Bosnia · See more »

Yugoslav Committee

Yugoslav Committee (Jugoslavenski odbor) was a political interest group formed by South Slavs from Austria-Hungary during World War I aimed at joining the existing south Slavic nations in an independent state.

New!!: World War I and Yugoslav Committee · See more »

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija/Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија; Pannonian Rusyn: Югославия, transcr. Juhoslavija)Jugosllavia; Jugoszlávia; Juhoslávia; Iugoslavia; Jugoslávie; Iugoslavia; Yugoslavya; Югославия, transcr. Jugoslavija.

New!!: World War I and Yugoslavia · See more »

Yugoslavism

Yugoslavism (Jugoslavizam / Југославизам, Jugoslavizem) or Yugoslavdom (Jugoslovenstvo / Југословенство, Jugoslovanstvo) refers to the nationalism or patriotism associated with South Slavs and Yugoslavia.

New!!: World War I and Yugoslavism · See more »

Yugoslavs

Yugoslavs or Yugoslavians (Serbo-Croatian: Jugoslaveni/Југославени, Jugosloveni/Југословени; Macedonian: Југословени; Slovene: Jugoslovani) is a designation that was originally designed to refer to a united South Slavic people.

New!!: World War I and Yugoslavs · See more »

Zbyněk Zeman

Zbyněk Anthony Bohuslav Zeman (18 October 1928 – 22 June 2011) was a Czech historian who later became a naturalized British citizen.

New!!: World War I and Zbyněk Zeman · See more »

Zeppelin

A Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship named after the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin who pioneered rigid airship development at the beginning of the 20th century.

New!!: World War I and Zeppelin · See more »

Zimmermann Telegram

The Zimmermann Telegram (or Zimmermann Note or Zimmerman Cable) was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event that the United States entered World War I against Germany.

New!!: World War I and Zimmermann Telegram · See more »

1,000,000,000

1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale; one thousand million or milliard, yard, long scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001.

New!!: World War I and 1,000,000,000 · See more »

1917 French Army mutinies

The 1917 French Army mutinies took place amongst French Army troops on the Western Front in Northern France during World War I. They started just after the disastrous Second Battle of the Aisne, the main action in the Nivelle Offensive in April 1917.

New!!: World War I and 1917 French Army mutinies · See more »

369th Infantry Regiment (United States)

The 369th Infantry Regiment, formerly known as the 15th New York National Guard Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the New York Army National Guard during World War I and World War II.

New!!: World War I and 369th Infantry Regiment (United States) · See more »

52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division

The 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that was originally formed as the Lowland Division, in 1908 as part of the Territorial Force.

New!!: World War I and 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division · See more »

8th Army (German Empire)

The 8th Army (8.) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I. It was formed on mobilization in August 1914 from the I Army Inspectorate.

New!!: World War I and 8th Army (German Empire) · See more »

Redirects here:

14-18 War, 1914 to 1918, 1914-18 War, 1914-1918, 1914–1918 war, 1st World War, 1st World war, 2w1, Economic effects of World War I, First Great War, First World War, First World World, First world war, Great War, Great war, I World War, Ist world war, One world war, Outbreak of World War I, The First World War, The Great War, The great war, W.W. I, W.W.1, W.W.I, WW 1, WW I, WW!, WW-I, WW-I Crusade, WW1, WWI, War World I, War crimes during World War I, War of 14-18, Wolrd War 1, World War 1, World War One, World War l, World War one, World War Ⅰ, World War, 1914-1918, World war 1, World war I, World war i, World war one, WorldWar1, WorldWarOne, Worldwarone, Ww1, WwI, Wwi, Wwone.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I

OutgoingIncoming
Hey! We are on Facebook now! »