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Music industry

Index Music industry

The music industry consists of the companies and individuals that earn money by creating new songs and pieces and selling live concerts and shows, audio and video recordings, compositions and sheet music, and the organizations and associations that aid and represent music creators. [1]

288 relations: Academy of Country Music, Accompaniment, Acting coach, Ad hoc, Advance payment, Album era, American Association of Independent Music, American Federation of Musicians, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, Andrew Orlowski, Ani DiFranco, Antoine Brumel, Apple Inc., Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers, Aristocracy (class), Arrangement, Ars subtilior, Artists and repertoire, Asosiasi Industri Rekaman Indonesia, Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa, Association of Independent Music, Audio engineer, Australia, Australian Recording Industry Association, Austria, Background music, Backup band, Bandleader, Belgium, Berklee College of Music, Bertelsmann Music Group, Best Buy, Big band, Big data, Big-box store, Billboard (magazine), Billboard Hot 100, Black people, Blackface, Bodyguard, Book, Brand, Brazil, British Phonographic Industry, Broadcast Music, Inc., Bureau International de l'Edition Mecanique, Business manager, Business model, Business plan, ..., Canada, Capitol Records, Catering, Chantilly Codex, China, Classical music, Claude François, CNET, Coaching, Columbia Records, Compact Cassette, Compact disc, Composer, Computer, Concert, Conducting, Constanze Mozart, Consumer electronics, Copyright, Country Music Association, Crowdfunding, Dance education, Decca Records, Deezer, Disc jockey, Disruptive innovation, Distribution (marketing), Distribution deal, DIY ethic, DVD, Effects unit, EMI, EMI Music Publishing, Entertainment law, Ethnic stereotype, Extreme metal, Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana, File sharing, Film, First-sale doctrine, Folk music, Forbes, Forrester Research, France, Frank Sinatra, Frozen (soundtrack), GEMA (German organization), Georg Nikolaus von Nissen, Germany, Ghostwriter, GNU Free Documentation License, Gospel Music Association, Gramophone Company, Great Depression, Guitar technician, Hardcore punk, Harry Fox Agency, Harvard Business School, Health insurance, History of music publishing, Home recording, Hong Kong Recording Industry Alliance, IHeartMedia, Independent record label, India, Indian Music Industry, Intellectual property, International Alliance for Women in Music, International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, Internet, Internet radio, Irish Recorded Music Association, Italy, ITunes Radio, ITunes Store, Janis Ian, Japan, Johannes Gutenberg, Josquin des Prez, Kickstarter, Laptop, License, List of best-selling music artists, List of record labels, Live Nation Entertainment, Los Angeles Times, Manhattan, Manufacturing, Marketing, Mashup (music), Mastering engineer, MCA Records, Mexico, Midem, Minstrel show, MIT Sloan School of Management, Mixing console, Mixing engineer, MP3, MP3 Newswire, Music, Music Business Association, Music Canada, Music community, Music criticism, Music download, Music education, Music industry of East Asia, Music journalism, Music publisher (popular music), Music venue, Musical composition, Musical ensemble, Musical instrument, Musical notation, Musician, Musicians' Union (United Kingdom), Muzak, My Way, Napster, Napster (streaming music service), National Music Publishers Association, Netherlands, Nielsen SoundScan, Nordic popular music, Norway, Online music store, Open music model, Opera, Orchestra, Orchestration, Ottaviano Petrucci, Outline of television broadcasting, Pandora Radio, Pathé, Patronage, Paul Anka, Peer-to-peer, Performance rights organisation, Personal trainer, Philippine Association of the Record Industry, Phonograph, Phonograph record, PolyGram, Polyphony, Printing, Pro Tools, Pro-Música Brasil, Product (business), Promoter (entertainment), Property, PRS for Music, Public relations, Publishing, Publishing contract, Radio broadcasting, Radio promotion, Record label, Record producer, Recorded Music NZ, Recording Artists' Coalition, Recording contract, Recording Industry Association of America, Recording Industry Association of Japan, Recording Industry Association of Malaysia, Recording Industry of South Africa, Recording studio, Religion, Renaissance music, Retail, Reuters, Revenue, Rhythm section, Road crew, Robbie Williams, Rock and roll, Royalty payment, Sampling (music), Satellite radio, SESAC, Session musician, Sheet music, Shuman Ghosemajumder, Sid Vicious, Singing, Social media, Song, Songwriter, Sony, Sony Music, Sony/ATV Music Publishing, Sound recording and reproduction, SoundExchange, South Korea, Spain, Spotify, Squarcialupi Codex, Stage lighting, Streaming media, Studio recording, Sweden, Switzerland, Synchronization rights, Talent agent, Talent manager, Television, Thai Entertainment Content Trade Association, The Economist, The Guardian, The Hollywood Reporter, The Latin Recording Academy, The New York Times, The New Yorker, The Recording Academy, The Register, Ticketmaster, Tin Pan Alley, Tour manager, Tower Records, Trecento, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Union of Authors and Performers, United Kingdom, United States, Universal Music Group, USA Today, Venice, Victor Talking Machine Company, Virgin Records, Vocal coach, Walmart, Warner Music Group, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Women in music, Work for hire, YouTube, 1989 (Taylor Swift album), 360 deal. Expand index (238 more) »

Academy of Country Music

The Academy of Country Music (ACM) was founded in 1964 in Los Angeles, California as the Country & Western Music Academy.

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Accompaniment

Accompaniment is the musical part which provides the rhythmic and/or harmonic support for the melody or main themes of a song or instrumental piece.

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Acting coach

An acting coach or drama coach is a teacher who trains performers–typically film, television, theatre and, musical theatre actors–and gives them advice and mentoring to enable them to improve their acting and dramatic performances, prepare for auditions and prepare better for roles.

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Ad hoc

Ad hoc is a Latin phrase meaning literally "for this".

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Advance payment

An advance payment, or simply an advance, is the part of a contractually due sum that is paid or received in advance for goods or services, while the balance included in the invoice will only follow the delivery.

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Album era

The album era was a period in English-language popular music from the mid 1960s to the mid 2000s in which the album was the dominant form of recorded music expression and consumption.

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American Association of Independent Music

The American Association of Independent Music (A2IM) is a trade association that represents independent record labels in the United States.

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American Federation of Musicians

The American Federation of Musicians of the United States and Canada (AFM/AFofM) is a 501(c)(5) labor union representing professional musicians in the United States and Canada.

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American Federation of Television and Radio Artists

The American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) was a performers' union that represented a wide variety of talent, including actors in radio and television, radio and television announcers and newspersons, singers and recording artists (both royalty artists and background singers), promo and voice-over announcers and other performers in commercials, stunt persons and specialty acts—as the organization itself publicly stated, "AFTRA's membership includes an array of talent".

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American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers

The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that protects its members' musical copyrights by monitoring public performances of their music, whether via a broadcast or live performance, and compensating them accordingly.

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Andrew Orlowski

Andrew Orlowski (born 1966) is a British columnist, an investigative journalist and the executive editor of the IT news and opinion website The Register.

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Ani DiFranco

Angela Maria "Ani" DiFranco (born September 23, 1970) is an American singer, musician, poet, songwriter, and activist.

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Antoine Brumel

Antoine Brumel (c. 1460 – 1512 or 1513) was a French composer.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers

The Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers (Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas, CAPIF) is an Argentine organization member of the IFPI, which represents the music industry in the country.

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Aristocracy (class)

The aristocracy is a social class that a particular society considers its highest order.

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Arrangement

In music, an arrangement is a musical reconceptualization of a previously composed work.

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Ars subtilior

Ars subtilior (more subtle art) is a musical style characterized by rhythmic and notational complexity, centered on Paris, Avignon in southern France, also in northern Spain at the end of the fourteenth century.

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Artists and repertoire

Artists and repertoire (A&R) is the division of a record label or music publishing company that is responsible for talent scouting and overseeing the artistic development of recording artists and songwriters.

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Asosiasi Industri Rekaman Indonesia

Asosiasi Industri Rekaman Indonesia (ASIRI) (English: Recording Industry Association of Indonesia) is a trust that represents the recording industry interests in Indonesia.

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Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa

The Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa (AFP) is the only recording industry association in Portugal.

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Association of Independent Music

The Association of Independent Music (commonly known as AIM) is a non-profit trade body established in 1998 by UK independent record labels to represent the independent record sector, which constitutes approximately 30% of the UK market.

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Audio engineer

An audio engineer (also sometimes recording engineer or a vocal engineer) helps to produce a recording or a performance, editing and adjusting sound tracks using equalization and audio effects, mixing, reproduction, and reinforcement of sound.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Australian Recording Industry Association

The Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) is a trade group representing the Australian recording industry which was established in 1983 by six major record companies, EMI, Festival, CBS, RCA, WEA and Universal replacing the Association of Australian Record Manufacturers (AARM) which was formed in 1956.

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Background music

Background music refers to the various styles of music or soundscapes primarily intended to be passively listened to.

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Backup band

A backup band or backing band is a musical ensemble that accompanies a lead singer at a live performance or on a recording.

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Bandleader

A bandleader is the leader of a music group such as a rock or pop group or jazz quartet.

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Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

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Berklee College of Music

Berklee College of Music, located in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, is the largest independent college of contemporary music in the world.

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Bertelsmann Music Group

Bertelsmann Music Group (abbreviated as BMG) was a division of German media company Bertelsmann before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Japan's Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

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Best Buy

Best Buy Co., Inc. is an American multinational consumer electronics retailer headquartered in Richfield, Minnesota.

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Big band

A big band is a type of musical ensemble that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section.

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Big data

Big data is data sets that are so big and complex that traditional data-processing application software are inadequate to deal with them.

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Big-box store

A big-box store (also supercenter, superstore, or megastore) is a physically large retail establishment, usually part of a chain of stores.

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Billboard (magazine)

Billboard (styled as billboard) is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Billboard-Hollywood Reporter Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries.

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Billboard Hot 100

The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for songs, published weekly by Billboard magazine.

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Black people

Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other populations.

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Blackface

Blackface was and is a form of theatrical make-up used predominantly by non-black performers to represent a caricature of a black person.

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Bodyguard

A bodyguard (or close protection officer) is a type of security guard or government law enforcement officer or soldier who protects a person or people — usually high-ranking public officials or officers, wealthy people, and celebrities — from danger: generally theft, assault, kidnapping, assassination, harassment, loss of confidential information, threats, or other criminal offences.

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Book

A book is a series of pages assembled for easy portability and reading, as well as the composition contained in it.

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Brand

A brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or other feature that distinguishes an organization or product from its rivals in the eyes of the customer.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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British Phonographic Industry

The BPI (British Recorded Music Industry) Limited, commonly known as the British Phonographic Industry or BPI, is the British recorded music industry's trade association.

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Broadcast Music, Inc.

Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) is one of five United States performing rights organizations, along with ASCAP, SESAC, Global Music Rights, &. It collects license fees on behalf of songwriters, composers, and music publishers and distributes them as royalties to those members whose works have been performed.

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Bureau International de l'Edition Mecanique

BIEM (Bureau International des Sociétés Gérant les Droits d'Enregistrement et de Reproduction Mécanique) is an organisation coordinating statutory license agreements among different countries.

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Business manager

A business manager drives the work of others in order to run a major business efficiently and make a large profit.

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Business model

A business model describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value,Business Model Generation, Alexander Osterwalder, Yves Pigneur, Alan Smith, and 470 practitioners from 45 countries, self-published, 2010 in economic, social, cultural or other contexts.

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Business plan

A business plan is a formal statement of business goals, reasons they are attainable, and plans for reaching them.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Capitol Records

Capitol Records, Inc. is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group through its Capitol Music Group imprint.

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Catering

Catering is the business of providing food service at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park, filming site or studio, entertainment site, or event venue.

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Chantilly Codex

The Chantilly Codex (Chantilly, Musée Condé MS 564) is a manuscript of medieval music containing pieces from the style known as the Ars subtilior.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Classical music

Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.

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Claude François

Claude Antoine Marie François (1 February 1939 – 11 March 1978), also known by the nickname Cloclo, was a French pop singer, composer, songwriter, producer, drummer and dancer.

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CNET

CNET (stylized as c|net) is an American media website that publishes reviews, news, articles, blogs, podcasts and videos on technology and consumer electronics globally.

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Coaching

Coaching is a form of development in which a person called a coach supports a learner or client in achieving a specific personal or professional goal by providing training and guidance.

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Columbia Records

Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese conglomerate Sony.

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Compact Cassette

The Compact Audio Cassette (CAC) or Musicassette (MC), also commonly called the cassette tape or simply tape or cassette, is an analog magnetic tape recording format for audio recording and playback.

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Compact disc

Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was co-developed by Philips and Sony and released in 1982.

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Composer

A composer (Latin ''compōnō''; literally "one who puts together") is a musician who is an author of music in any form, including vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music, electronic music, and music which combines multiple forms.

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Computer

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.

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Concert

A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience.

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Conducting

Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance, such as an orchestral or choral concert.

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Constanze Mozart

Maria Constanze Cäcilia Josepha Johanna Aloysia Mozart (née Weber) (5 January 1762 – 6 March 1842) was an Austrian woman who trained as a singer.

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Consumer electronics

Consumer electronics or home electronics are electronic (analog or digital) equipments intended for everyday use, typically in private homes.

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Copyright

Copyright is a legal right, existing globally in many countries, that basically grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to determine and decide whether, and under what conditions, this original work may be used by others.

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Country Music Association

The Country Music Association (CMA) was founded in 1958 in Nashville, Tennessee.

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Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or venture by raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the Internet.

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Dance education

Dance education is the transferring of dance performance skills and knowledge of dance to students through teaching and training, or acquiring such knowledge and skills through research.

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Decca Records

Decca Records is a British record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis.

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Deezer

Deezer is an Internet-based music streaming service.

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Disc jockey

A disc jockey, often abbreviated as DJ, is a person who plays existing recorded music for a live audience.

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Disruptive innovation

In business, a Disruptive innovation is an innovation that creates a new market and value network and eventually disrupts an existing market and value network, displacing established market-leading firms, products, and alliances.

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Distribution (marketing)

Distribution (or place) is one of the four elements of the marketing mix.

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Distribution deal

A distribution deal (aka distribution contract or distribution agreement) is a legal agreement between one party and another, to handle distribution of a product.

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DIY ethic

DIY ethic refers to the ethic of self-sufficiency through completing tasks without the aid of a paid expert.

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DVD

DVD (an abbreviation of "digital video disc" or "digital versatile disc") is a digital optical disc storage format invented and developed by Philips and Sony in 1995.

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Effects unit

An effects unit or effects pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters the sound of a musical instrument or other audio source.

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EMI

EMI Group Limited (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries and also referred to as EMI Records Ltd.) was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London.

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EMI Music Publishing

EMI Music Publishing Ltd. is a multinational music publishing company headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Entertainment law

Entertainment law, also referred to as media law is legal services provided to the entertainment industry.

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Ethnic stereotype

An ethnic stereotype, national stereotype, or national character is a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group or nationality, their status, society and cultural norms.

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Extreme metal

Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s.

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Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana

The Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana (FIMI) is an umbrella organization that keeps track of virtually all aspects of the music recording industry in Italy.

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File sharing

File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital media, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books.

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Film

A film, also called a movie, motion picture, moving pícture, theatrical film, or photoplay, is a series of still images that, when shown on a screen, create the illusion of moving images.

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First-sale doctrine

The first-sale doctrine is a legal concept playing an important role in U.S. copyright and trademark law by limiting certain rights of a copyright or trademark owner.

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Folk music

Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival.

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Forbes

Forbes is an American business magazine.

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Forrester Research

Forrester is an American market research company that provides advice on existing and potential impact of technology, to its clients and the public.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Frank Sinatra

Francis Albert Sinatra (December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.

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Frozen (soundtrack)

Frozen: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 2013 Disney animated film, Frozen.

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GEMA (German organization)

The Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte (GEMA; Society for musical performing and mechanical reproduction rights) is a government-mandated collecting society and performance rights organization based in Germany, with administrative offices in Berlin and Munich.

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Georg Nikolaus von Nissen

Georg Nikolaus von Nissen (sometimes Nicolaus or Nicolai; January 22, 1761 – March 24, 1826) was a Danish diplomat and music historian.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Ghostwriter

A ghostwriter is hired to write literary or journalistic works, speeches, or other texts that are officially credited to another person as the author.

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GNU Free Documentation License

The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project.

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Gospel Music Association

The Gospel Music Association (GMA) was founded in 1964 for the purpose of supporting and promoting the development of all forms of Gospel music.

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Gramophone Company

The Gramophone Company, based in the United Kingdom and founded on behalf of Emil Berliner, was one of the early recording companies, the parent organisation for the His Master's Voice (HMV) label, and the European affiliate of the American Victor Talking Machine Company.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

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Guitar technician

A guitar technician (or 'guitar tech') is a member of a music ensemble's road crew who maintains and sets up the musical equipment for one or more guitarists.

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Hardcore punk

Hardcore punk (often abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s.

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Harry Fox Agency

The Harry Fox Agency (HFA) is a provider of rights management and collector and distributor of mechanical license fees on behalf of music publishers in the United States.

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Harvard Business School

Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Health insurance

Health insurance is insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses, spreading the risk over a large number of persons.

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History of music publishing

Music publishing is the business of creating, producing and distributing printed musical scores, parts, and books in various types of music notation, while ensuring that the composer, songwriter and other creators receive credit and royalties or other payment (where applicable).

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Home recording

Home recording is the practice of sound recording in a private home, rather than in a professional recording studio.

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Hong Kong Recording Industry Alliance

Hong Kong Recording Industry Alliance Limited (HKRIA) is a not-for-profit copyright management organization, formed to handle copyright issues for recording companies regarding the broadcast, public performance and relevant usage of sound recordings (recorded music) and music videos in Hong Kong, Macau and other territories.

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IHeartMedia

iHeartMedia, Inc., formerly CC Media Holdings, Inc., is an American mass media corporation headquartered in San Antonio, Texas.

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Independent record label

An independent record label (or indie label) is a record label that operates without the funding of or outside major record labels.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Music Industry

The Indian Music Industry (IMI) is a trust that represents the recording industry distributors in India.

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Intellectual property

Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, and primarily encompasses copyrights, patents, and trademarks.

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International Alliance for Women in Music

The International Alliance for Women in Music (IAWM) is an international membership organization of women and men dedicated to fostering and encouraging the activities of women in music, particularly in the areas of musical activity, such as composing, performing, and research, in which gender discrimination is an historic and ongoing concern.

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International Federation of the Phonographic Industry

The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide.

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Internet

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

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Internet radio

Internet radio (also web radio, net radio, streaming radio, e-radio, IP radio, online radio) is a digital audio service transmitted via the Internet.

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Irish Recorded Music Association

The Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA) is a non-profit association set up in 1999 to manage and control the music industry in the Republic of Ireland.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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ITunes Radio

iTunes Radio was an Internet radio service by Apple Inc. that let users listen to automatically generated playlists based on direct input as well as collected data on music preferences.

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ITunes Store

The iTunes Store is a software-based online digital media store operated by Apple Inc. It opened on April 28, 2003, and has been the largest music vendor in the United States since April 2008, and the largest music vendor in the world since February 2010.

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Janis Ian

Janis Ian (born Janis Eddy Fink; April 7, 1951) is an American singer-songwriter who was most commercially successful in the 1960s and 1970s; her most widely recognized song, "At Seventeen", was released as a single from her 1975 album Between the Lines which reached number 1 on the Billboard chart.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Johannes Gutenberg

Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (– February 3, 1468) was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe with the printing press.

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Josquin des Prez

Josquin des Prez (– 27 August 1521), often referred to simply as Josquin, was a French composer of the Renaissance.

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Kickstarter

Kickstarter is an American public-benefit corporation based in Brooklyn, New York, that maintains a global crowdfunding platform focused on creativity and merchandising.

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Laptop

A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.

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License

A license (American English) or licence (British English) is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own something (as well as the document of that permission or permit).

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List of best-selling music artists

This list includes music artists with claims of 75 million or more record sales.

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List of record labels

For lists of record labels, see.

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Live Nation Entertainment

Live Nation Entertainment is an American global entertainment company, formed from the merger of Live Nation and Ticketmaster in 2010.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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Manhattan

Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.

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Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labour and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation.

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Marketing

Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships.

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Mashup (music)

A mashup (also mesh, mash up, mash-up, blend, bootleg and bastard pop/rock) is a creative work, usually in a form of a song, created by blending two or more pre-recorded songs, usually by overlaying the vocal track of one song seamlessly over the instrumental track of another.

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Mastering engineer

A mastering engineer is a person skilled in the practice of taking audio (typically musical content) that has been previously mixed in either the analog or digital domain as mono, stereo, or multichannel formats and preparing it for use in distribution, whether by physical media such as a CD, vinyl record, or as some method of streaming audio.

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MCA Records

MCA Records was an American record label owned by MCA Inc., which later gave way to the larger MCA Music Entertainment Group (now Universal Music Group), which the label was part of until its dissolution in 2003.

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Mexico

Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.

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Midem

Midem is the acronym for Marché International du Disque et de l'Edition Musicale, which is organised annually in and around the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès in Cannes, France.

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Minstrel show

The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American form of entertainment developed in the early 19th century.

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MIT Sloan School of Management

The MIT Sloan School of Management (also known as MIT Sloan or Sloan) is the business school of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Mixing console

In sound recording and reproduction, and sound reinforcement systems, a mixing console is an electronic device for combining sounds of many different audio signals.

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Mixing engineer

A mixing engineer (or simply mix engineer) is a person responsible for combining ("mixing") the different sonic elements of a piece of recorded music (vocals, instruments, effects etc.) into a final version of a song (also known as "final mix" or "mixdown").

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MP3

MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) is an audio coding format for digital audio.

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MP3 Newswire

Founded in 1998, the same year as MP3.com, MP3 Newswire is the oldest active news site devoted to digital media technology.

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Music

Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.

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Music Business Association

The Music Business Association (Music Biz) (originally established as the National Association of Recording Merchandisers) is a United States not-for-profit trade association based in Marlton, New Jersey that seeks to advance and promote music commerce, whether physical, digital, mobile, or more.

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Music Canada

Music Canada (formerly Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA)) is a Toronto-based, non-profit trade organization that was founded 9 April 1963 to represent the interests of companies that record, manufacture, produce, promote and distribute music in Canada.

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Music community

A music community is a group of people involved in a given type of music.

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Music criticism

The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as 'the intellectual activity of formulating judgements on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres'.

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Music download

A music download is the digital transfer of music via the Internet into a device capable of decoding and playing it, such as a home computer, MP3 player or smartphone.

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Music education

Music education is a field of study associated with the teaching and learning of music.

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Music industry of East Asia

The music industry of East Asia, a region that includes Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea and Taiwan is a rapidly growing economic sector that is home to some of the world's largest music markets.

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Music journalism

Music journalism (or "music criticism") is media criticism and reporting about popular music topics, including pop music, rock music, and related styles.

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Music publisher (popular music)

In the music industry, a music publisher (or publishing company) is responsible for ensuring the songwriters and composers receive payment when their compositions are used commercially.

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Music venue

A music venue is any location used for a concert or musical performance.

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Musical composition

Musical composition can refer to an original piece of music, either a song or an instrumental music piece, the structure of a musical piece, or the process of creating or writing a new song or piece of music.

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Musical ensemble

A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name.

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Musical instrument

A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.

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Musical notation

Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols.

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Musician

A musician is a person who plays a musical instrument or is musically talented.

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Musicians' Union (United Kingdom)

The Musicians' Union (MU) is an organisation which represents over 30,000 musicians working in all sectors of the British music business.

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Muzak

Muzak is a brand of background music played in retail stores and other public establishments.

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My Way

"My Way" is a song popularized in 1969 by Frank Sinatra.

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Napster

Napster is the name given to three music-focused online services.

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Napster (streaming music service)

Napster, known as Rhapsody prior to June 14, 2016, is an online music store subscription service based in Seattle, Washington.

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National Music Publishers Association

The National Music Publishers' Association (NMPA) is a trade association for the American music publishing industry.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Nielsen SoundScan

Nielsen SoundScan is an information and sales tracking system created by Mike Fine and Mike Shalett.

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Nordic popular music

Nordic popular music, also referred to as Scandipop, are known for its biggest bands like ABBA, Roxette, a-ha and Aqua.

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Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

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Online music store

An online music store is an online business which sells audio files over the Internet, usually sound recordings of music songs or classical pieces, in which the user pays on a per-song or subscription basis.

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Open music model

The open music model is an economic and technological framework for the recording industry based on research conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Opera

Opera (English plural: operas; Italian plural: opere) is a form of theatre in which music has a leading role and the parts are taken by singers.

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Orchestra

An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which mixes instruments from different families, including bowed string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, each grouped in sections.

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Orchestration

Orchestration is the study or practice of writing music for an orchestra (or, more loosely, for any musical ensemble, such as a concert band) or of adapting music composed for another medium for an orchestra.

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Ottaviano Petrucci

Ottaviano Petrucci (born in Fossombrone on 18 June 1466 – died on 7 May 1539 in Venice) was an Italian printer.

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Outline of television broadcasting

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to television broadcasting: Television broadcasting: form of broadcasting in which a television signal is transmitted by radio waves from a terrestrial (Earth based) transmitter of a television station to TV receivers having an antenna.

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Pandora Radio

Pandora Radio (also known as Pandora Internet Radio or simply Pandora) is a music streaming and automated music recommendation internet radio service powered by the Music Genome Project.

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Pathé

Pathé or Pathé Frères (styled as PATHÉ!) is the name of various French businesses that were founded and originally run by the Pathé Brothers of France starting in 1896.

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Patronage

Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.

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Paul Anka

Paul Albert Anka, (born July 30, 1941) is a Canadian singer, songwriter and actor.

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Peer-to-peer

Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers.

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Performance rights organisation

A performance rights organisation (PRO), also known as a performing rights society, provides intermediary functions, particularly collection of royalties, between copyright holders and parties who wish to use copyrighted works publicly in locations such as shopping and dining venues.

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Personal trainer

A personal trainer is an individual certified to have a varying degree of knowledge of general fitness involved in exercise prescription and instruction.

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Philippine Association of the Record Industry

The Philippine Association of the Record Industry (Filipino: Kapisanan ng Industriya ng Plaka ng Pilipinas, abbreviated as PARI) is a non-profit and private trade organization, that represents the recording industry distributors in the Philippines.

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Phonograph

The phonograph is a device for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.

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Phonograph record

A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.

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PolyGram

PolyGram Entertainment is a film and TV production company owned by Universal Music Group.

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Polyphony

In music, polyphony is one type of musical texture, where a texture is, generally speaking, the way that melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic aspects of a musical composition are combined to shape the overall sound and quality of the work.

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Printing

Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form or template.

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Pro Tools

Pro Tools is a digital audio workstation developed and released by Avid Technology for Microsoft Windows and macOS which can be used for a wide range of sound recording and sound production purposes.

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Pro-Música Brasil

Pro-Música Brasil (PMB), previously Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos (ABPD) (English: Brazilian Association of Record Producers), is an official representative body of the record labels in the Brazilian phonographic market.

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Product (business)

In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need.

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Promoter (entertainment)

An entertainment promoter in industries like music, wrestling, and sports is an individual or organization in the business of marketing and promoting live events such as concerts/gigs, sports events, professional wrestling (wrestling events), festivals, raves, and nightclubs.

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Property

Property, in the abstract, is what belongs to or with something, whether as an attribute or as a component of said thing.

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PRS for Music

PRS for Music Limited (formerly The MCPS-PRS Alliance Limited) is the UK’s leading collection society, bringing together two collection societies: the Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society (MCPS) and the Performing Right Society (PRS).

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Public relations

Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the spread of information between an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) and the public.

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Publishing

Publishing is the dissemination of literature, music, or information—the activity of making information available to the general public.

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Publishing contract

A publishing contract is a legal contract between a publisher and a writer or author (or more than one), to publish written material by the writer(s) or author(s).

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Radio broadcasting

Radio broadcasting is transmission by radio waves intended to reach a wide audience.

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Radio promotion

Radio promotion is the division of a record company which is charged with placing songs on the radio.

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Record label

A record label, or record company, is a brand or trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos.

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Record producer

A record producer or track producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album.

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Recorded Music NZ

Recorded Music NZ (formerly Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ)) is a non-profit trade association of record producers, distributors and recording artists who sell music in New Zealand.

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Recording Artists' Coalition

The Recording Artists' Coalition (RAC) is an American music industry organization that represents recording artists, and attempts to defend their rights and interests.

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Recording contract

A recording contract (commonly called a record contract or record deal) is a legal agreement between a record label and a recording artist (or group), where the artist makes a record (or series of records) for the label to sell and promote.

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Recording Industry Association of America

The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States.

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Recording Industry Association of Japan

The is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry.

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Recording Industry Association of Malaysia

Persatuan Industri Rakaman Malaysia (RIM) (English: The Recording Industry Association of Malaysia) was founded on 12 December 1978, as Malaysian Association of Phonograph Producers (MAPP).

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Recording Industry of South Africa

The Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA) is a trade association that represents the collective interests of producers of music sound recordings, major and independent record labels in South Africa.

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Recording studio

A recording studio is a specialized facility for sound recording, mixing, and audio production of instrumental or vocal musical performances, spoken words, and other sounds.

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Religion

Religion may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual elements.

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Renaissance music

Renaissance music is vocal and instrumental music written and performed in Europe during the Renaissance era.

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Retail

Retail is the process of selling consumer goods or services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit.

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Revenue

In accounting, revenue is the income that a business has from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to customers.

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Rhythm section

A rhythm section (also called a backup band) is a group of musicians within a music ensemble or band who provide the underlying rhythm, harmony and pulse of the accompaniment, providing a rhythmic and harmonic reference and "beat" for the rest of the band.

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Road crew

The road crew (or roadies) are the technicians or support personnel who travel with a band on tour, usually in sleeper buses, and handle every part of the concert productions except actually performing the music with the musicians.

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Robbie Williams

Robert Peter Williams (born 13 February 1974) is an English singer, songwriter and actor.

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Rock and roll

Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll) is a genre of popular music that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950sJim Dawson and Steve Propes, What Was the First Rock'n'Roll Record (1992),.

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Royalty payment

A royalty is a payment made by one party, the licensee or franchisee to another that owns a particular asset, the licensor or franchisor for the right to ongoing use of that asset.

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Sampling (music)

In music, sampling is the act of taking a portion, or sample, of one sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or a sound recording in a different song or piece.

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Satellite radio

Satellite radio is defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)'S ITU Radio Regulations (RR) as a broadcasting-satellite service.

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SESAC

SESAC, originally the Society of European Stage Authors and Composers is a performance-rights organization (PRO) in the United States.

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Session musician

Session musicians, studio musicians, or backing musicians are musicians hired to perform in recording sessions or live performances.

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Sheet music

Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of music notation that uses modern musical symbols to indicate the pitches (melodies), rhythms or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece.

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Shuman Ghosemajumder

Shuman Ghosemajumder (born 1974) is a Canadian technologist, entrepreneur, and author.

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Sid Vicious

Sid Vicious (born Simon John Ritchie, 10 May 1957 – 2 February 1979) was an English bassist and vocalist.

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Singing

Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.

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Social media

Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.

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Song

A song, most broadly, is a single (and often standalone) work of music that is typically intended to be sung by the human voice with distinct and fixed pitches and patterns using sound and silence and a variety of forms that often include the repetition of sections.

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Songwriter

A songwriter is a professional who is paid to write lyrics for singers and melodies for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music.

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Sony

is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo.

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Sony Music

Sony Music Entertainment (SME) is a Japanese-owned global music conglomerate owned by Sony and incorporated as a general partnership of Sony Music Holdings Inc. through Sony Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America. (in Japanese), Sony Corporation The company was first founded in 1929 as American Record Corporation and renamed Columbia Recording Corporation in 1938, following its acquisition by the Columbia Broadcasting System. In 1966, the company was reorganized to become CBS Records, and Sony Corporation bought the company in 1988, renaming it under its current name in 1991. In 2004, Sony and Bertelsmann established a 50-50 joint venture called Sony BMG Music Entertainment, which transferred the businesses of Sony Music and Bertelsmann Music Group into one entity. However, in 2008, Sony acquired Bertelsmann's stake, and the company reverted to the SME name shortly after; the buyout allowed Sony to acquire all of BMG's labels, including former Columbia Pictures subsidiary Arista Records as well as RCA Records, and led to the dissolution of BMG, which instead relaunched as BMG Rights Management. Sony Music Entertainment is the second largest of the "Big Three" record companies in the world, behind Universal Music Group (UMG) and ahead of Warner Music Group (WMG). Sony's music publishing division is the world's largest music publisher after the acquisition of EMI. It also owns SYCO Entertainment, which operates some of the world's most successful reality TV format including Got Talent and The X Factor.

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Sony/ATV Music Publishing

Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC is an American music publishing company owned by Sony Entertainment.

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Sound recording and reproduction

Sound recording and reproduction is an electrical, mechanical, electronic, or digital inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects.

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SoundExchange

SoundExchange is a non-profit collective rights management organization.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Spotify

Spotify Technology SA is a Swedish entertainment company founded by Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon.

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Squarcialupi Codex

The Squarcialupi Codex (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Med. Pal. 87) is an illuminated manuscript compiled in Florence, Italy in the early 15th century.

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Stage lighting

Stage lighting is the craft of lighting as it applies to the production of theatre, dance, opera and other performance arts.

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Streaming media

Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider.

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Studio recording

The term studio recording means any recording made in a studio, as opposed to a live recording, which is usually made in a concert venue or a theatre, with an audience attending the performance.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Synchronization rights

A music synchronization license, or "sync" for short, is a music license granted by the holder of the copyright of a particular composition, allowing the licensee to synchronize ("sync") music with some kind of visual media output (film, television shows, advertisements, video games, accompanying website music, movie trailers, etc.).

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Talent agent

A talent agent, or booking agent, is a person who finds jobs for actors, authors, film directors, musicians, models, professional athletes, writers, screenwriters, broadcast journalists, and other professionals in various entertainment or broadcast businesses.

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Talent manager

A talent manager (also known as an artist manager, band manager or music manager) is an individual or company who guides the professional career of artists in the entertainment industry.

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Television

Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.

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Thai Entertainment Content Trade Association

The Thai Entertainment Content Trade Association or TECA is an official company representing the recording industries of Thailand.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Hollywood Reporter

The Hollywood Reporter (THR) is a multi-platform American digital and print magazine founded in 1930 and focusing on the Hollywood film industry, television, and entertainment industries, as well as Hollywood's intersection with fashion, finance, law, technology, lifestyle, and politics.

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The Latin Recording Academy

The Latin Recording Academy (formerly the Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences) is a multinational membership-based association composed of music industry professionals, musicians, producers, recording engineers, and other creative and technical recording professionals.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New Yorker

The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.

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The Recording Academy

The Recording Academy (formerly the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences or NARAS) is a U.S. organization of musicians, producers, recording engineers, and other recording professionals.

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The Register

The Register (nicknamed El Reg) is a British technology news and opinion website co-founded in 1994 by Mike Magee, John Lettice and Ross Alderson.

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Ticketmaster

Ticketmaster Entertainment, Inc. is an American ticket sales and distribution company based in Beverly Hills, California, with operations in many countries around the world.

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Tin Pan Alley

Tin Pan Alley is the name given to the collection of New York City music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century.

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Tour manager

A tour manager (or concert tour manager) is the person who helps to organize the administration for a schedule of appearances of a musical group (band) or artist at a sequence of venues (a concert tour).

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Tower Records

Tower Records was a retail music chain based in Sacramento, California, USA.

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Trecento

The Trecento (Italian for 300, short for "mille trecento," 1300) refers to the 14th century in Italian cultural history.

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U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government.

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Union of Authors and Performers

Union of Authors and Performers, or rather Zväz autorov a interprétov populárnej hudby (ZAI), is a Slovak not-for-profit trade organization that works to increase brand recognition of the local music scene and its artists.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Universal Music Group

Universal Music Group (also known in the United States as UMG Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the French media conglomerate Vivendi.

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USA Today

USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily, middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company.

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Venice

Venice (Venezia,; Venesia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.

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Victor Talking Machine Company

The Victor Talking Machine Company was an American record company and phonograph manufacturer headquartered in Camden, New Jersey.

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Virgin Records

Virgin Records Ltd. was a British record label founded by entrepreneurs Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell, and musician Tom Newman in 1972.

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Vocal coach

A vocal coach, also known as a voice coach (though this term often applies to those working with speech and communication rather than singing) is a music teacher, usually a piano accompanist, who helps singers prepare for a performance, often also helping them to improve their singing technique and take care of and develop their voice, but is not the same as a singing teacher (also called a "voice teacher").

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Walmart

Walmart Inc. (formerly branded as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.) is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.

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Warner Music Group

Warner Music Group (WMG, also referred to as Warner Music or WEA International) is an American multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate headquartered in New York City.

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791), baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the classical era.

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Women in music

Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.

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Work for hire

In the copyright law of the United States, a work made for hire (work for hire or WFH) is a work subject to copyright that is created by an employee as part of their job, or some limited types of works for which all parties agree in writing to the WFH designation.

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YouTube

YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.

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1989 (Taylor Swift album)

1989 is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 27, 2014 through Big Machine Records.

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360 deal

In the music industry, a 360 deal (from 360° deal) is a business relationship between an artist and a music industry company.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_industry

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