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Battle of the Beams

Index Battle of the Beams

The Battle of the Beams was a period early in the Second World War when bombers of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) used a number of increasingly accurate systems of radio navigation for night bombing in the United Kingdom. [1]

70 relations: Aerial reconnaissance, Air Ministry, Alexandra Palace television station, Amateur radio, Astrodome (aeronautics), Avro Anson, BBC, Belfast Blitz, Birmingham, Blackout (wartime), Bletchley Park, Bomber, Butt Report, Celestial navigation, Chain Home, Cherbourg-Octeville, Coventry, Coventry Blitz, Cryptanalysis of the Enigma, Denmark, Derby, Deterrence theory, Dielectric heating, Dipole antenna, Enigma machine, Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell, Gee (navigation), Hallicrafters, Hans Ferdinand Mayer, Heinkel He 111, Instrument approach, Interceptor aircraft, Johannes Plendl, Kammhuber Line, Kampfgruppe 100, Kleve, Lörrach, List of World War II electronic warfare equipment, Lorenz beam, Lufthansa, Luftwaffe, Luftwaffe radio equipment of World War II, Modulation, Nordfriesland (district), Oboe (navigation), Odin, Operation Barbarossa, Oslo Report, Pathfinder (RAF), Radar jamming and deception, ..., Radio navigation, Reflector (antenna), Reginald Victor Jones, Rolls-Royce Limited, Rolls-Royce Merlin, Royal Air Force, Royal Aircraft Establishment, St James's, Stollberg (North Frisia), Strategic bombing, The bomber will always get through, The Secret War (TV series), Thomas Eckersley, Ultra, United Kingdom, Wehrmacht, Winston Churchill, Wolverhampton, World War II, Y-stations. Expand index (20 more) »

Aerial reconnaissance

Aerial reconnaissance is reconnaissance for a military or strategic purpose that is conducted using reconnaissance aircraft.

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Air Ministry

The Air Ministry was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force, that existed from 1918 to 1964.

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Alexandra Palace television station

The Alexandra Palace television station in North London is one of the oldest television transmission sites in the world.

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Amateur radio

Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, describes the use of radio frequency spectrum for purposes of non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, private recreation, radiosport, contesting, and emergency communication.

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Astrodome (aeronautics)

An astrodome is a hemispherical transparent dome fitted in the cabin roof of an aircraft to allow the use of a sextant during astro-navigation.

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Avro Anson

The Avro Anson is a British twin-engined, multi-role aircraft built by the aircraft manufacturer Avro.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Belfast Blitz

The Belfast Blitz consisted of four German air raids on strategic targets in the city of Belfast in Northern Ireland, in April and May 1941 during World War II, causing high casualties.

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Birmingham

Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England, with an estimated population of 1,101,360, making it the second most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Blackout (wartime)

A blackout during war, or in preparation for an expected war, is the practice of collectively minimizing outdoor light, including upwardly directed (or reflected) light.

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Bletchley Park

Bletchley Park was the central site for British (and subsequently, Allied) codebreakers during World War II.

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Bomber

A bomber is a combat aircraft designed to attack ground and naval targets by dropping air-to-ground weaponry (such as bombs), firing torpedoes and bullets or deploying air-launched cruise missiles.

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Butt Report

The Butt Report, released on 18 August 1941, was a report prepared during World War II, revealing the widespread failure of RAF Bomber Command aircraft to hit their targets.

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Celestial navigation

Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the ancient and modern practice of position fixing that enables a navigator to transition through a space without having to rely on estimated calculations, or dead reckoning, to know their position.

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Chain Home

Chain Home, or CH for short, was the codename for the ring of coastal Early Warning radar stations built by the Royal Air Force (RAF) before and during the Second World War to detect and track aircraft.

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Cherbourg-Octeville

Cherbourg-Octeville is a city and former commune situated at the northern end of the Cotentin peninsula in the northwestern French department of Manche.

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Coventry

Coventry is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England.

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Coventry Blitz

The Coventry blitz (blitz: from the German word Blitzkrieg meaning "lightning war") was a series of bombing raids that took place on the English city of Coventry.

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Cryptanalysis of the Enigma

Cryptanalysis of the Enigma ciphering system enabled the western Allies in World War II to read substantial amounts of Morse-coded radio communications of the Axis powers that had been enciphered using Enigma machines.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Derby

Derby is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire, England.

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Deterrence theory

Deterrence theory gained increased prominence as a military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons.

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Dielectric heating

Dielectric heating, also known as electronic heating, RF (radio frequency) heating, and high-frequency heating, is the process in which a radio frequency alternating electric field, or radio wave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material.

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Dipole antenna

In radio and telecommunications a dipole antenna or doublet is the simplest and most widely used class of antenna.

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Enigma machine

The Enigma machines were a series of electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication.

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Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell

Frederick Alexander Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell, (5 April 18863 July 1957) was a British physicist and an influential scientific adviser to the British government from the early 1940s to the early 1950s, particularly to Winston Churchill.

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Gee (navigation)

Gee, sometimes written GEE, was a radio navigation system used by the Royal Air Force during World War II.

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Hallicrafters

The Hallicrafters Company manufactured, marketed, and sold radio equipment, and to a lesser extent televisions and phonographs, beginning in 1932.

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Hans Ferdinand Mayer

Hans Ferdinand Mayer (born 23 October 1895 in Pforzheim, Germany; died 18 October 1980 in Munich, West Germany) was a German mathematician and physicist.

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Heinkel He 111

The Heinkel He 111 was a German aircraft designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1934.

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Instrument approach

In aviation, an instrument approach, or instrument approach procedure (IAP), is a series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually.

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Interceptor aircraft

An interceptor aircraft, or simply interceptor, is a type of fighter aircraft designed specifically to attack enemy aircraft, particularly bombers and reconnaissance aircraft, as they approach.

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Johannes Plendl

Johannes "Hans" Plendl (6 December 1900 – 10 May 1991), German radar pioneer, was the scientist whose airplane navigation inventions made possible the early German bombing successes in World War II.

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Kammhuber Line

The Kammhuber Line was the Allied name given to the German night air defense system established in July 1940 by Colonel Josef Kammhuber.

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Kampfgruppe 100

Kampfgruppe 100 (KGr 100) was a specialist unit of the Luftwaffe during the early stages of World War II.

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Kleve

Cleves (Kleve; Kleef; Clèves; Clivia) is a town in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern Germany near the Dutch border and the river Rhine.

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Lörrach

Lörrach is a city in southwest Germany, in the valley of the Wiese, close to the French and the Swiss borders.

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List of World War II electronic warfare equipment

This is a List of World War II electronic warfare equipment and code words and tactics derived directly from the use of electronic equipment.

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Lorenz beam

The Lorenz beam was blind-landing radio navigation system developed by C. Lorenz AG in Berlin.

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Lufthansa

Deutsche Lufthansa AG, commonly known as Lufthansa (sometimes also as Lufthansa German Airlines), is the largest German airline and, when combined with its subsidiaries, also the largest airline in Europe both in terms of fleet size and passengers carried during 2017.

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Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial warfare branch of the combined German Wehrmacht military forces during World War II.

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Luftwaffe radio equipment of World War II

During World War II, the German Luftwaffe relied on an increasingly diverse array of electronic communications, IFF and RDF equipment as avionics in its aircraft and also on the ground.

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Modulation

In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal that typically contains information to be transmitted.

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Nordfriesland (district)

Nordfriesland (English: "Northern Friesland" or "North Frisia") is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Oboe (navigation)

Oboe was a British aerial blind bombing targeting system in World War II, based on radio transponder technology.

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Odin

In Germanic mythology, Odin (from Óðinn /ˈoːðinː/) is a widely revered god.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, which started on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Oslo Report

The Oslo Report was one of the most spectacular leaks in the history of military intelligence.

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Pathfinder (RAF)

The Pathfinders were target-marking squadrons in RAF Bomber Command during World War II.

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Radar jamming and deception

Radar jamming and deception (electronic countermeasures) is the intentional emission of radio frequency signals to interfere with the operation of a radar by saturating its receiver with noise or false information.

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Radio navigation

Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth.

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Reflector (antenna)

An antenna reflector is a device that reflects electromagnetic waves.

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Reginald Victor Jones

Reginald Victor Jones, FRSE, LLD (29 September 1911 – 17 December 1997) was a British physicist and scientific military intelligence expert who played an important role in the defence of Britain in.

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Rolls-Royce Limited

Rolls-Royce was a British luxury car and later an aero engine manufacturing business established in 1904 by the partnership of Charles Rolls and Henry Royce.

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Rolls-Royce Merlin

The Rolls-Royce Merlin is a British liquid-cooled V-12 piston aero engine of 27-litres (1,650 cu in) capacity.

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Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force.

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Royal Aircraft Establishment

The Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) was a British research establishment, known by several different names during its history, that eventually came under the aegis of the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD), before finally losing its identity in mergers with other institutions.

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St James's

St James's is a central district in the City of Westminster, London, forming part of the West End.

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Stollberg (North Frisia)

At 43.4 metres above sea level, the Stollberg is the fourth highest hill in the district of North Frisia in northern Germany, after the Sandesberg near Ostenfeld (53.3 m), the Uwe Düne in the municipality of Kampen auf Sylt (50.2 m) and the Rantzauhöhe within the Langenberg south of the village of Leck (44.8 m).

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Strategic bombing

Strategic bombing is a military strategy used in a total war with the goal of defeating the enemy by destroying its morale or its economic ability to produce and transport materiel to the theatres of military operations, or both.

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The bomber will always get through

The bomber will always get through was a phrase used by Stanley Baldwin in 1932 (although the theory was originally developed by Italian General Giulio Douhet), in the speech "A Fear for the Future" to the British Parliament.

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The Secret War (TV series)

The Secret War was a seven–part television series produced by the BBC in conjunction with the Imperial War Museum documenting various technical developments during the Second World War.

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Thomas Eckersley

Thomas Lydwell Eckersley FRS (27 December 1886 – 15 February 1959) was an English theoretical physicist and engineer.

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Ultra

Ultra was the designation adopted by British military intelligence in June 1941 for wartime signals intelligence obtained by breaking high-level encrypted enemy radio and teleprinter communications at the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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Wehrmacht

The Wehrmacht (lit. "defence force")From wehren, "to defend" and Macht., "power, force".

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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Wolverhampton

Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Y-stations

Y-stations were British signals intelligence collection sites established during the First World War and used again during the Second World War.

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Redirects here:

Battle of the beams, Knickebein, Knickebein (navigation), Wotan (navigation), Wotan I, Wotan II, X-Geraet, X-Geraet (navigation), X-Gerat, X-Gerat (navigation), X-Gerät, X-Gerät (navigation), X-gadget (navigation), Y-Beam (navigation), Y-Geraet (navigation), Y-Gerat (navigation), Y-Gerät, Y-Gerät (navigation), Y-gadget (navigation).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Beams

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