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XMM-Newton

Index XMM-Newton

XMM-Newton, also known as the High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission, is an X-ray space observatory launched by the European Space Agency in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket. [1]

129 relations: Academic conference, Academic publishing, Active pixel sensor, Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics, Ampere hour, Apsis, Ariane 5, Arianespace, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Attitude control, Beryllium, Blue supergiant star, Bus (computing), Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Carl Zeiss AG, Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, Chandra X-ray Observatory, Charge-coupled device, Chemical element, Cluster II (spacecraft), Columbia University, Coolant, Dark current (physics), Dark matter, Darmstadt, DASA, Dongara, Western Australia, Dynamic range, ELA-3, Electric bus, Electroforming, Electronvolt, European Space Agency, European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Operations Centre, European Space Research and Technology Centre, EXOSAT, F-number, Focal length, Fokker, French Guiana, Galaxy cluster, Geocentric orbit, Gold, Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex, Grism, Ground station, Guiana Space Centre, Hubble Space Telescope, Huygens (spacecraft), ..., Hydrazine, IMEC, INAF, Inconel, Inertial measurement unit, Infrared astronomy, Integrated circuit, Isaac Newton, Katwijk, Kayser-Threde, Kourou, Launch and Early Orbit phase, Light curve, List of European Space Agency programs and missions, Mandrel, Matra Marconi Space, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Minute and second of arc, MOSFET, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Nanometre, NASA, Nature (journal), Netherlands, Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Neutron star, New Norcia, Western Australia, NGC 1365, Nickel, Nickel–cadmium battery, Noordwijk, NuSTAR, Optical filter, Orbit, Outgassing, Paul Scherrer Institute, P–n junction, Perth, Photovoltaic system, Physical Review, Physical Review Letters, Physics Letters, Pixel, Radiation, Radiator, Reaction wheel, Ritchey–Chrétien telescope, Rotterdam, S band, Saft Groupe S.A., Santiago, SCP 06F6, Shutter speed, Silicon carbide, Space telescope, Spectrometer, Spectroscopy, Star tracker, Starkenburg Observatory, Sun sensor, Supermassive black hole, Supernova, Switzerland, Teledyne e2v, The Astrophysical Journal, Toulouse, Ultraviolet, University of Geneva, University of Leicester, University of Tübingen, Villanueva de la Cañada, Visible spectrum, Wolter telescope, Working group, X-ray, X-ray astronomy, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray spectroscopy, XMMXCS 2215-1738. Expand index (79 more) »

Academic conference

An academic conference or symposium is a conference for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their work.

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Academic publishing

Academic publishing is the subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarship.

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Active pixel sensor

An active-pixel sensor (APS) is an image sensor where each picture element ("pixel") has a photodetector and an active amplifier.

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Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics

The Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics (ATHENA) is a future X-ray telescope of the European Space Agency, under development for launch around 2028.

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Ampere hour

An ampere hour or amp hour (symbol Ah; also denoted A⋅h or A h) is a unit of electric charge, having dimensions of electric current multiplied by time, equal to the charge transferred by a steady current of one ampere flowing for one hour, or 3600 coulombs.

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Apsis

An apsis (ἁψίς; plural apsides, Greek: ἁψῖδες) is an extreme point in the orbit of an object.

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Ariane 5

Ariane 5 is a European heavy-lift launch vehicle that is part of the Ariane rocket family, an expendable launch system used to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) or low Earth orbit (LEO).

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Arianespace

Arianespace SA is a multinational company founded in 1980 as the world's first commercial launch service provider.

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Astronomy & Astrophysics

Astronomy & Astrophysics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering theoretical, observational, and instrumental astronomy and astrophysics.

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Attitude control

Attitude control is controlling the orientation of an object with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity like the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.

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Beryllium

Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4.

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Blue supergiant star

Blue supergiant stars are hot luminous stars, referred to scientifically as OB supergiants.

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Bus (computing)

In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, carbon fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP or often simply carbon fiber, carbon composite or even carbon), is an extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastic which contains carbon fibers.

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Carl Zeiss AG

Carl Zeiss, branded as ZEISS, is a German manufacturer of optical systems, industrial measurements and medical devices, founded in Jena, Germany in 1846 by optician Carl Zeiss.

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Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements

The Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements (CESR), now IRAP (Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie), is a French laboratory of space astrophysics.

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Chandra X-ray Observatory

The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), previously known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), is a Flagship-class space observatory launched on STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999.

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Charge-coupled device

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.

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Chemical element

A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).

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Cluster II (spacecraft)

Cluster II is a space mission of the European Space Agency, with NASA participation, to study the Earth's magnetosphere over the course of nearly two solar cycles.

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Columbia University

Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.

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Coolant

A coolant is a substance, typically liquid or gas, that is used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system.

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Dark current (physics)

In physics and in electronic engineering, dark current is the relatively small electric current that flows through photosensitive devices such as a photomultiplier tube, photodiode, or charge-coupled device even when no photons are entering the device; it consists of the charges generated in the detector when no outside radiation is entering the detector.

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Dark matter

Dark matter is a theorized form of matter that is thought to account for approximately 80% of the matter in the universe, and about a quarter of its total energy density.

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Darmstadt

Darmstadt is a city in the state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region).

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DASA

DASA (officially Deutsche Aerospace AG, later Daimler-Benz Aerospace AG, then DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG), was the former aerospace subsidiary of Daimler-Benz AG (later DaimlerChrysler) from 1989. In July 2000, DASA merged with Aérospatiale-Matra and CASA to form EADS.

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Dongara, Western Australia

Dongara is a town north-northwest of Perth, Western Australia on the Brand Highway.

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Dynamic range

Dynamic range, abbreviated DR, DNR, or DYR is the ratio between the largest and smallest values that a certain quantity can assume.

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ELA-3

ELA-3, short for Ensemble de Lancement Ariane 3 (French for Ariane Launch Area 3), is a launch pad and associated facilities at the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guiana.

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Electric bus

An electric bus is a bus that is powered by electricity.

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Electroforming

Electroforming is a metal forming process that forms parts through electrodeposition on a model, known in the industry as a mandrel.

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Electronvolt

In physics, the electronvolt (symbol eV, also written electron-volt and electron volt) is a unit of energy equal to approximately joules (symbol J).

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.

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European Space Astronomy Centre

The European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) is the ESA's centre for space science (astronomy, solar system exploration and fundamental physics).

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European Space Operations Centre

The European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) serves as the main mission control centre for the European Space Agency (ESA) and is located in Darmstadt, Germany.

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European Space Research and Technology Centre

The European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) is the European Space Agency's main technology development and test centre for spacecraft and space technology.

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EXOSAT

The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named HELOS, was an X-ray telescope operational from May 1983 until April 1986 and in that time made 1780 observations in the X-ray band of most classes of astronomical object including active galactic nuclei, stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables, white dwarfs, X-ray binaries, clusters of galaxies, and supernova remnants.

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F-number

The f-number of an optical system (such as a camera lens) is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil.

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Focal length

The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light.

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Fokker

Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker.

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French Guiana

French Guiana (pronounced or, Guyane), officially called Guiana (Guyane), is an overseas department and region of France, on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas.

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Galaxy cluster

A galaxy cluster, or cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity with typical masses ranging from 1014–1015 solar masses.

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Geocentric orbit

A geocentric orbit or Earth orbit involves any object orbiting Planet Earth, such as the Moon or artificial satellites.

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Gold

Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.

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Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex

The Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex (GDSCC), commonly called the Goldstone Observatory, is located in the Mojave Desert near Barstow in the U.S. state of California.

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Grism

A grism (also called a grating prism) is a combination of a prism and grating arranged so that light at a chosen central wavelength passes straight through.

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Ground station

A ground station, earth station, or earth terminal is a terrestrial radio station designed for extraplanetary telecommunication with spacecraft (constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system), or reception of radio waves from astronomical radio sources.

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Guiana Space Centre

The Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG) is a French and European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana.

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Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.

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Huygens (spacecraft)

Huygens was an atmospheric entry probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005.

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Hydrazine

Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (also written), called diamidogen, archaically.

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IMEC

Imec is an international R&D and innovation hub, active in the fields of nanoelectronics and digital technologies.

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INAF

The National Institute for Astrophysics (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, or INAF) is the most important Italian institution conducting scientific research in astronomy and astrophysics.

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Inconel

Inconel is a family of austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloys.

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Inertial measurement unit

An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electronic device that measures and reports a body's specific force, angular rate, and sometimes the magnetic field surrounding the body, using a combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes, sometimes also magnetometers.

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Infrared astronomy

Infrared astronomy is the branch of astronomy and astrophysics that studies astronomical objects visible in infrared (IR) radiation.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

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Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

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Katwijk

Katwijk is a coastal municipality and town in the province of South Holland, which is situated in the mid-western part of the Netherlands.

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Kayser-Threde

Kayser-Threde GmbH based in Munich, Germany is a systems house specializing in the design and development of high-technology solutions for astronautics, science and the industry.

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Kourou

Kourou is a commune in French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America.

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Launch and Early Orbit phase

In spacecraft operations, The Launch and Early Orbit phase (LEOP) is one of the most critical phases of a mission.

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Light curve

In astronomy, a light curve is a graph of light intensity of a celestial object or region, as a function of time.

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List of European Space Agency programs and missions

The European Space Agency (ESA) operates a number of missions, both operational and scientific, including collaborations with other national space administrations such as the Japanese JAXA, the French CNES, the American NASA, and the Chinese CNSA.

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Mandrel

A mandrel (also mandril or arbor) is one of the following.

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Matra Marconi Space

Matra Marconi Space (MMS) was a Franco-British aerospace company.

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Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics is a Max Planck Institute, located in Garching, near Munich, Germany.

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Minute and second of arc

A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree.

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MOSFET

MOSFET showing gate (G), body (B), source (S) and drain (D) terminals. The gate is separated from the body by an insulating layer (white). surface-mount packages. Operating as switches, each of these components can sustain a blocking voltage of 120nbspvolts in the ''off'' state, and can conduct a continuous current of 30 amperes in the ''on'' state, dissipating up to about 100 watts and controlling a load of over 2000 watts. A matchstick is pictured for scale. A cross-section through an nMOSFET when the gate voltage ''V''GS is below the threshold for making a conductive channel; there is little or no conduction between the terminals drain and source; the switch is off. When the gate is more positive, it attracts electrons, inducing an ''n''-type conductive channel in the substrate below the oxide, which allows electrons to flow between the ''n''-doped terminals; the switch is on. Simulation result for formation of inversion channel (electron density) and attainment of threshold voltage (IV) in a nanowire MOSFET. Note that the threshold voltage for this device lies around 0.45 V The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of silicon.

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Mullard Space Science Laboratory

The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL) is the United Kingdom's largest university space research group.

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Nanometre

The nanometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm) or nanometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth (short scale) of a metre (m).

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Netherlands Institute for Space Research

SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research is the Dutch expertise institute for space research.

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Neutron star

A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.

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New Norcia, Western Australia

New Norcia is a town in Western Australia, north of Perth, near the Great Northern Highway.

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NGC 1365

NGC 1365, also known as the Great Barred Spiral Galaxy, is a barred spiral galaxy about 56 million light-years away in the constellation Fornax.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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Nickel–cadmium battery

The nickel–cadmium battery (NiCd battery or NiCad battery) is a type of rechargeable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes.

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Noordwijk

Noordwijk is a town and municipality in the west of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland.

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NuSTAR

NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) is a space-based X-ray telescope that uses a conical approximation to a Wolter telescope to focus high energy X-rays from astrophysical sources, especially for nuclear spectroscopy, and operates in the range of 3 to 79 keV.

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Optical filter

An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits light of different wavelengths, usually implemented as a glass plane or plastic device in the optical path, which are either dyed in the bulk or have interference coatings.

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Orbit

In physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved trajectory of an object, such as the trajectory of a planet around a star or a natural satellite around a planet.

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Outgassing

Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen or absorbed in some material.

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Paul Scherrer Institute

The Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) is a multi-disciplinary research institute which belongs to the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain covering also ETH Zurich and EPFL.

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P–n junction

A p–n junction is a boundary or interface between two types of semiconductor materials, p-type and n-type, inside a single crystal of semiconductor.

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Perth

Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia.

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Photovoltaic system

A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.

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Physical Review

Physical Review is an American peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1893 by Edward Nichols.

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Physical Review Letters

Physical Review Letters (PRL), established in 1958, is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that is published 52 times per year by the American Physical Society.

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Physics Letters

Physics Letters was a scientific journal published from 1962 to 1966, when it split in two series now published by Elsevier.

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Pixel

In digital imaging, a pixel, pel, dots, or picture element is a physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in an all points addressable display device; so it is the smallest controllable element of a picture represented on the screen.

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Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.

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Radiator

Radiators are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating.

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Reaction wheel

A reaction wheel (RW) is a type of flywheel used primarily by spacecraft for three axis attitude control, which doesn't require rockets or external applicators of torque.

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Ritchey–Chrétien telescope

A Ritchey–Chrétien telescope (RCT or simply RC) is a specialized variant of the Cassegrain telescope that has a hyperbolic primary mirror and a hyperbolic secondary mirror designed to eliminate off-axis optical errors (coma).

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Rotterdam

Rotterdam is a city in the Netherlands, in South Holland within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt river delta at the North Sea.

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S band

The S band is a designation by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for a part of the microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum covering frequencies from 2 to 4 gigahertz (GHz).

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Saft Groupe S.A.

Saft is a company involved in the design, the development and the manufacturing of batteries used in transport, industry and defense.

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Santiago

Santiago, also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas.

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SCP 06F6

SCP 06F6 is (or was) an astronomical object of unknown type, discovered on 21 February 2006 in the constellation Boötes, New Scientist News, 16 September 2008 during a survey of galaxy cluster CL 1432.5+3332.8 with the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys Wide Field Channel.

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Shutter speed

In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph.

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Silicon carbide

Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum, is a semiconductor containing silicon and carbon.

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Space telescope

A space telescope or space observatory is an instrument located in outer space to observe distant planets, galaxies and other astronomical objects.

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Spectrometer

A spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure spectral components of a physical phenomenon.

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Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.

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Star tracker

A star tracker is an optical device that measures the positions of stars using photocells or a camera.

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Starkenburg Observatory

The Starkenburg Observatory (Starkenburg-Sternwarte) is an astronomical observatory in Heppenheim, Germany.

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Sun sensor

A sun sensor is a navigational instrument used by spacecraft to detect the position of the sun.

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Supermassive black hole

A supermassive black hole (SMBH or SBH) is the largest type of black hole, on the order of hundreds of thousands to billions of solar masses, and is found in the centre of almost all currently known massive galaxies.

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Supernova

A supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas, abbreviations: SN and SNe) is a transient astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a star's life, either a massive star or a white dwarf, whose destruction is marked by one final, titanic explosion.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Teledyne e2v

Teledyne e2v (previously known as e2v) is a global manufacturer with its headquarters in England, that designs, develops and manufactures technology systems and components in healthcare, life sciences, space, transportation, defence and security and industrial markets.

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The Astrophysical Journal

The Astrophysical Journal, often abbreviated ApJ (pronounced "ap jay") in references and speech, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.

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Toulouse

Toulouse (Tolosa, Tolosa) is the capital of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the region of Occitanie.

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Ultraviolet

Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.

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University of Geneva

The University of Geneva (French: Université de Genève) is a public research university located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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University of Leicester

The University of Leicester is a public research university based in Leicester, England.

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University of Tübingen

The University of Tübingen, officially the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Universitas Eberhardina Carolina), is a German public research university located in the city of Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg.

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Villanueva de la Cañada

Villanueva de la Cañada is a municipality in the west of the Comunidad de Madrid (España), north-west of the city of Madrid.

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Visible spectrum

The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.

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Wolter telescope

A Wolter telescope is a telescope for X-rays that only uses grazing incidence optics – mirrors that reflect X-rays at very shallow angles.

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Working group

A working group or working party is a group of experts working together to achieve specified goals.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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X-ray astronomy

X-ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy which deals with the study of X-ray observation and detection from astronomical objects.

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X-ray fluorescence

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.

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X-ray spectroscopy

X-ray spectroscopy is a gathering name for several spectroscopic techniques for characterization of materials by using x-ray excitation.

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XMMXCS 2215-1738

XMMXCS 2215-1738 is a galaxy cluster that lies 10 billion light-years away and has a redshift value of z.

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Redirects here:

X-ray Multi Mirror, X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission - Newton, XMM Newton, XMM mission, XMM-Newton Observatory, XMM-Newton satellite.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMM-Newton

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