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Southwestern Mandarin

Index Southwestern Mandarin

Southwestern Mandarin, also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin, is a primary branch of Mandarin Chinese spoken in much of central and southwestern China, including in Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the northwestern part of Hunan, the northern part of Guangxi, and some southern parts of Shaanxi and Gansu. [1]

76 relations: Arabic, Baoshan, Yunnan, Bengali language, Cantonese, Changde, Changsha dialect, Checked tone, Chengdu, Chengdu-Chongqing dialect, Chenzhou, Chiang Mai, Chin Haw, Chongqing, English language, Gansu, Gejiu, Guangxi, Guilin, Guiyang, Guizhou, Hanshou County, Hanzhong, Hefeng County, Hindi, Hokkien, Hubei, Huguang Province, Hunan, Kokang, Kokang people, Kunming dialect, Labiodental consonant, Language Atlas of China, Laos, Lateral consonant, Lào Cai, Li County, Hunan, Liuzhou, Lower Yangtze Mandarin, Luding County, Luzhou, Mandarin Chinese, Middle Chinese, Ming dynasty, Minjiang dialect, Mutual intelligibility, Myanmar, Nasal consonant, Neijiang, New Xiang, ..., Northern Vietnam, Portuguese language, Qing dynasty, Retroflex consonant, Shaanxi, Shishou, Sichuan, Sichuan Basin, Sichuanese dialects, Spanish language, Standard Chinese, Thailand, Tianmen, Tuo River, Varieties of Chinese, Wa language, Wa State, Walter de Gruyter, Wu Chinese, Wuhan, Wuhan dialect, Xiangyang, Ya'an, Yongzhou, Yunnan, Zhangjiajie. Expand index (26 more) »

Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

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Baoshan, Yunnan

(historically also Yongchang) is a prefecture-level city in western Yunnan province, People's Republic of China.

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Bengali language

Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in South Asia.

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Cantonese

The Cantonese language is a variety of Chinese spoken in the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding area in southeastern China.

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Changde

Changde is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, with a population of 5,717,218 as of the 2010 census, of which 1,232,182 reside in the urban districts of Dingcheng and Wuling.

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Changsha dialect

Changsha dialect is a dialect of New Xiang Chinese.

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Checked tone

A checked tone, commonly known by its Chinese calque entering tone, is one of four syllable types in the phonology in Middle Chinese.

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Chengdu

Chengdu, formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.

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Chengdu-Chongqing dialect

Chengdu-Chongqing dialect or Cheng–Yu (Sichuanese Pinyin: Cen2yu2) is the most widely used branch of Southwestern Mandarin, with about 90 million speakers.

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Chenzhou

Chenzhou is a prefecture-level city located in the south of Hunan province, China.

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Chiang Mai

Chiang Mai (from เชียงใหม่, ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦ ᩲᩉ᩠ᨾ᩵) sometimes written as "Chiengmai" or "Chiangmai", is the largest city in northern Thailand.

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Chin Haw

Chin Haw or Chin Ho (Thai: จีนฮ่อ) are Chinese people who migrated to Thailand via Burma or Laos.

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Chongqing

Chongqing, formerly romanized as Chungking, is a major city in southwest China.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Gansu

Gansu (Tibetan: ཀན་སུའུ་ Kan su'u) is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northwest of the country.

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Gejiu

(Hani: Goqjef; Wade-Giles: Ko-Chiu; formerly known as Kotchiu) is a county-level city and the former capital of Honghe prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, and has 136,000 inhabitants (ranked in Yunnan).

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Guangxi

Guangxi (pronounced; Zhuang: Gvangjsih), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is a Chinese autonomous region in South Central China, bordering Vietnam.

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Guilin

Guilin, formerly romanized as Kweilin, is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

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Guiyang

Guiyang is the capital of Guizhou province of Southwest China.

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Guizhou

Guizhou, formerly romanized as Kweichow, is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country.

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Hanshou County

Hanshou County is a county in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Changde prefecture-city.

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Hanzhong

Hanzhong (lit. "middle of the Han River") is a prefecture-level city in southwest Shaanxi province.

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Hefeng County

Hefeng County is a county in the southwestern part of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Hunan province to the south.

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Hindi

Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.

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Hokkien

Hokkien (from) or (閩南語/閩南話), is a Southern Min Chinese dialect group originating from the Minnan region in the south-eastern part of Fujian Province in Southeastern China and Taiwan, and spoken widely there and by the Chinese diaspora in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines and other parts of Southeast Asia, and by other overseas Chinese all over the world.

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Hubei

Hubei is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the Central China region.

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Huguang Province

Huguang was a province of China during the Yuan and Ming dynasties.

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Hunan

Hunan is the 7th most populous province of China and the 10th most extensive by area.

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Kokang

Kokang (ကိုးကန့်) is a historical region in Myanmar (Burma).

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Kokang people

The Kokang people (ကိုးကန့်လူမျိုး) are an ethnic group of Myanmar.

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Kunming dialect

The Kunming dialect is a dialect of Southwestern Mandarin Chinese.

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Labiodental consonant

In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lip and the upper teeth.

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Language Atlas of China

The Language Atlas of China, published in two parts in 1987 and 1989, maps the distribution of both the varieties of Chinese and minority languages of China.

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Laos

Laos (ລາວ,, Lāo; Laos), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao; République démocratique populaire lao), commonly referred to by its colloquial name of Muang Lao (Lao: ເມືອງລາວ, Muang Lao), is a landlocked country in the heart of the Indochinese peninsula of Mainland Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar (Burma) and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southwest and Thailand to the west and southwest.

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Lateral consonant

A lateral is an l-like consonant in which the airstream proceeds along the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth.

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Lào Cai

Lào Cai is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam.

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Li County, Hunan

Li County, or Lixian is a county in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Changde profecture-city.

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Liuzhou

Liuzhou is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

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Lower Yangtze Mandarin

Lower Yangtze Mandarin is one of the most divergent and least mutually-intellegible groups of Mandarin dialects, as it neighbors the Wu, Hui, and Gan groups of varieties of Chinese.

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Luding County

Luding County, also known via its Tibetan name as Chagsam or Jagsam) is a part of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the Chinese Province of Sichuan. Luding County covers an area of and has a population of approximately 80,000 (at the end of 2004). The census in the year 2000 recorded a population of 77,855.

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Luzhou

Luzhou (Sichuanese Pinyin: Nu2zou1; Luzhou dialect), formerly transliterated as Lu-chou or Luchow, is a prefecture-level city located in the southeast of Sichuan Province, China.

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Mandarin Chinese

Mandarin is a group of related varieties of Chinese spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.

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Middle Chinese

Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.

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Ming dynasty

The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China – then known as the – for 276 years (1368–1644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.

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Minjiang dialect

Minjiang dialect, is a branch of Sichuanese, spoken mainly in the Min River (Mínjiāng) valley or along the Yangtze in the southern and western parts of the Sichuan Basin.

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Mutual intelligibility

In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.

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Myanmar

Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.

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Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

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Neijiang

Neijiang (Sichuanese Pinyin: Nui4jiang1; Sichuanese pronunciation) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Sichuan province, People's Republic of China.

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New Xiang

New Xiang, also known as Chang-Yi (长益片 / 長益片) is the dominant form of Xiang Chinese.

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Northern Vietnam

Northern Vietnam (Miền Bắc) is one of the three geographical regions within Vietnam.

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Portuguese language

Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language originating from the regions of Galicia and northern Portugal in the 9th century.

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Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.

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Retroflex consonant

A retroflex consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate.

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Shaanxi

Shaanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China.

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Shishou

Shishou is a county-level city under the administration of the prefectural-level city Jingzhou, in the south of Hubei province, China, near its border with Hunan province.

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Sichuan

Sichuan, formerly romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan, is a province in southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north, and the Yungui Plateau to the south.

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Sichuan Basin

The Sichuan Basin, formerly transliterated as the Szechwan Basin, sometimes called the Red Basin, is a lowland region in southwestern China.

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Sichuanese dialects

Sichuanese (Sichuanese Pinyin: Si4cuan1hua4), or Sichuanese/Szechwanese Mandarin, commonly known as Sichuanese, or Szechwanese is a branch of Southwestern Mandarin, spoken mainly in Sichuan and Chongqing, which was part of Sichuan Province until 1997, and the adjacent regions of their neighboring provinces, such as Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan and Shaanxi.

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Spanish language

Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.

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Standard Chinese

Standard Chinese, also known as Modern Standard Mandarin, Standard Mandarin, or simply Mandarin, is a standard variety of Chinese that is the sole official language of both China and Taiwan (de facto), and also one of the four official languages of Singapore.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.

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Tianmen

Tianmen is a sub-prefecture-level city(or:county-level city in some ways) in central Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.

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Tuo River

Tuo River (pinyin: Túo Jiāng) is a river in Sichuan province of southern China.

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Varieties of Chinese

Chinese, also known as Sinitic, is a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family consisting of hundreds of local language varieties, many of which are not mutually intelligible.

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Wa language

Wa (Va) is the language of the Wa people of Burma and China.

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Wa State

Wa State (Wa: Mēng Vax or Meung Va;; Burmese: ဝပြည်နယ်) is an unrecognised state in Myanmar (Burma) that is currently subsumed under the official Wa Special Region 2 of northern Shan State.

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Walter de Gruyter

Walter de Gruyter GmbH (or; brand name: De Gruyter) is a scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.

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Wu Chinese

Wu (Shanghainese:; Suzhou dialect:; Wuxi dialect) is a group of linguistically similar and historically related varieties of Chinese primarily spoken in the whole Zhejiang province, city of Shanghai, and the southern half of Jiangsu province, as well as bordering areas.

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Wuhan

Wuhan is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China.

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Wuhan dialect

Wuhan dialect, also known as Hankou dialect and Wuhan Fangyan (Chinese: 武汉方言), belongs to the Wu–Tian branch of Southwestern Mandarin spoken in Wuhan, Tianmen and surrounding areas in Hubei.

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Xiangyang

Xiangyang is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei province, People's Republic of China.

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Ya'an

Ya'an (Tibetan: Yak-Nga) is a prefecture-level city in the western part of Sichuan province, China, located just below the Tibetan Plateau.

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Yongzhou

Yongzhou is a prefecture-level city in the south of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, located on the southern bank of the Xiang River, which is formed by the confluence of the Xiao and Xiang Rivers, and bordering Guangdong to the southeast and Guangxi to the southwest.

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Yunnan

Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country.

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Zhangjiajie

Zhangjiajie is a prefecture-level city in the northwestern part of Hunan province, People's Republic of China.

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Redirects here:

Guiyang Mandarin, Guiyangese, Guiyangese Mandarin, Guiyangese language, Guiyangnese, Hunanese Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin, Southwestern Chinese Mandarin Chinese, Southwestern Chinese Mandarin Chinese language, Southwestern Mandarin Chinese, Southwestern Mandarin language, Upper Yangtze Mandarin Chinese, Upper Yangtze Mandarin Chinese language, Western Mandarin, Xiangnan tuhua, Xīnán Guānhuà, 西南官話, 西南官话.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwestern_Mandarin

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