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Zhang Miao

Index Zhang Miao

Zhang Miao (died 195), courtesy name Mengzhuo, was an official who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. [1]

39 relations: Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Xingyang (190), Book of the Later Han, Campaign against Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao, Cao Cao's invasion of Xu Province, Chen Gong, Chen Shou, Courtesy name, Dong Zhuo, Dong'e County, Emperor Xian of Han, Fan County, Fan Ye (historian), Han dynasty, Henan, Juancheng County, Juye County, Kaifeng, Lü Bu, Liaocheng, Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei, Pei Songzhi, Puyang, Qi County, Kaifeng, Records of the Three Kingdoms, Scholar-official, Shandong, Sima Guang, Tao Qian (Han dynasty), Xuzhou (ancient China), Yan Province, Yanggu County, Shandong, Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Zhang (surname), Zhang Yang (warlord), Zizhi Tongjian.

Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms

Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms by Pei Songzhi (372-451) is an annotation completed in the 5th century of the 3rd century historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms, compiled by Chen Shou.

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Battle of Xingyang (190)

The Battle of Xingyang was a battle fought in 190 in the late Eastern Han dynasty as part of the campaign against Dong Zhuo.

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Book of the Later Han

The Book of the Later Han, also known as the History of the Later Han and by its Chinese name Hou Hanshu, is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later or Eastern Han.

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Campaign against Dong Zhuo

The Campaign against Dong Zhuo was a punitive expedition initiated by a coalition of regional officials and warlords against the warlord Dong Zhuo in 190 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.

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Cao Cao

Cao Cao (– 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde, was a Chinese warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty who rose to great power in the final years of the dynasty.

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Cao Cao's invasion of Xu Province

Cao Cao's invasion of Xu Province was a punitive invasion launched by the warlord Cao Cao against Tao Qian, the Governor of Xu Province, in the late Eastern Han dynasty.

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Chen Gong

Chen Gong (died 7 February 199), courtesy name Gongtai, was an adviser to the warlord Lü Bu in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Chen Shou

Chen Shou (233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo, was an official and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China.

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Courtesy name

A courtesy name (zi), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name.

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Dong Zhuo

Dong Zhuo (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a military general and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Dong'e County

Dong'e County falls under the jurisdiction of Liaocheng Prefecture-level city, in the Shandong Province of China.

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Emperor Xian of Han

Emperor Xian of Han (2 April 181 – 21 April 234), personal name Liu Xie, courtesy name Bohe, was the 14th and last emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.

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Fan County

Fàn County or Fànxian falls under the jurisdiction of Puyang, in the northeast of Henan province, China.

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Fan Ye (historian)

Fan Ye (398–445 or 446), courtesy name Weizong (蔚宗), was a Chinese historian and politician of the Liu Song dynasty during the Southern and Northern dynasties period.

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Han dynasty

The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.

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Henan

Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country.

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Juancheng County

Juancheng County falls under the jurisdiction of Heze, in the southwest of Shandong province, China.

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Juye County

Juye is a county in western Shandong province which is under the administration of Heze municipality.

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Kaifeng

Kaifeng, known previously by several names, is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China.

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Lü Bu

Lü Bu (died 7 February 199), courtesy name Fengxian, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of Imperial China.

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Liaocheng

Liaocheng, also known as the Water City, is a prefecture-level city in western Shandong province, China.

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Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

The following are lists of people significant to the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history.

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Liu Bei

Liu Bei (161 – 10 June 223), courtesy name Xuande, was a warlord in the late Eastern Han dynasty who founded the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period and became its first ruler.

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Pei Songzhi

Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a historian and government official who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and Liu Song dynasty.

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Puyang

Puyang is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China.

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Qi County, Kaifeng

Qi County or Qixian is a county of Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China, with an area of 1243 square km and a population of 1.05 million.

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Records of the Three Kingdoms

The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese historical text which covers the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty (c. 184–220 AD) and the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD).

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Scholar-official

Scholar-officials, also known as Literati, Scholar-gentlemen, Scholar-bureaucrats or Scholar-gentry were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty.

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Shandong

Shandong (formerly romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the East China region.

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Sima Guang

Sima Guang (17 November 1019 – 11 October 1086), courtesy name Junshi, was a Chinese historian, writer, and politician.

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Tao Qian (Han dynasty)

Tao Qian (132-194), courtesy name Gongzu, was a government official and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Xuzhou (ancient China)

Xuzhou as a historical toponym refers to varied area in different eras.

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Yan Province

Yan Province or Yanzhou was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China.

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Yanggu County, Shandong

Yanggu County is a county of western Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordering the narrow strip of Henan province to the south.

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Yuan Shao

Yuan Shao (died 28 June 202), courtesy name Benchu, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Yuan Shu

Yuan Shu (died 199), courtesy name Gonglu, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Zhang (surname)

Zhang is the pinyin romanization of the very common Chinese surname written 张 in simplified characters and 張 in traditional characters.

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Zhang Yang (warlord)

Zhang Yang (died 198), courtesy name Zhishu, was an official and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

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Zizhi Tongjian

The Zizhi Tongjian is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084, in the form of a chronicle.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Miao

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