1948 Arab–Israeli War

The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. ^[1]

525 relations: A Girl from Palestine, A Wing and a Prayer (film), Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam, Abdullah I of Jordan, Ablex Publishing, Abu Ageila, Acre, Israel, Ahmed Ali al-Mwawi, Ahron Bregman, Air France, Air supremacy, Al Arabiya, Al Schwimmer, Al-Faluja, Al-Malkiyya, Al-Muzayri'a, Al-Najjada, Al-Qubab, Alec Kirkbride, Alexandroni Brigade, Alfred A. Knopf, Aliyah, Aliyah Bet, All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, All-Palestine Government, All-Palestine Protectorate, Altalena Affair, Amin al-Husseini, Amman, Anita Shapira, Antipatris, Apologia, Aqaba, Arab citizens of Israel, Arab Higher Committee, Arab League, Arab Legion, Arab Liberation Army, Arab nationalism, Arab world, Arab–Israeli conflict, Arabic, Aref al-Aref, Arish, Armistice, Armored Corps (Israel), Armoured personnel carrier, Arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to Israel, Army of the Holy War, ... Expand index (475 more) » « Shrink index
1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
1948 in Egypt
1948 in Israel
1948 in Syria
History of the Jews in Palestine (region)
Invasions of Israel

A Girl from Palestine

A Girl from Palestine (Egyptian Arabic: فتاة من فلسطين translit: Fatah Min Falastin) is a 1948 Egyptian film directed by and starring Mahmoud Zulfikar.

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A Wing and a Prayer (film)

A Wing and a Prayer is a 2015 PBS documentary by Boaz Dvir. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and a Wing and a Prayer (film) are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and A Wing and a Prayer (film)

Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni (translit; 1907 – 8 April 1948) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and fighter who in late 1933 founded the secret militant group known as the Organization for Holy Struggle (Munathamat al-Jihad al-Muqaddas), which he and Hasan Salama commanded as the Army of the Holy War (Jaysh al-Jihad al-Muqaddas) during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt and the 1948 war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni

Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam

Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam (عبد الرحمن حسن عزام; 8 March 1893 – 2 June 1976), also known as Azzam Pasha, was an Egyptian diplomat and politician.

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Abdullah I of Jordan

AbdullahI bin Al-Hussein (translit, 2 February 1882 – 20 July 1951) was the ruler of Jordan from 11 April 1921 until his assassination in 1951.

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Ablex Publishing

Ablex Publishing Corporation is a privately held publisher of books and academic journals in New York City, New York, USA.

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Abu Ageila

Abu Ageila is a road junction and dam in the north of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, which, because of its proximity to Egypt's border with the State of Israel, is strategically important.

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Acre, Israel

Acre, known locally as Akko (עַכּוֹ) and Akka (عكّا), is a city in the coastal plain region of the Northern District of Israel.

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Ahmed Ali al-Mwawi

Ahmed Abdullah Al-Mwawi (1897–1979), also Mawawi or Muwawi, was an Egyptian major general.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ahmed Ali al-Mwawi

Ahron Bregman

Ahron "Ronnie" Bregman (אהרון ברגמן, born 1958) is a UK-based political scientist of Israeli origin, as well as a writer and journalist, specialising on the Arab–Israeli conflict.

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Air France

Air France (legally Société Air France, S.A.), stylised as AIRFRANCE, is the flag carrier of France headquartered in Tremblay-en-France.

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Air supremacy

Aerial supremacy (also known as air superiority) is the degree to which a side in a conflict holds control of air power over opposing forces.

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Al Arabiya

Al Arabiya (العربية, transliterated:; meaning "The Arabic One" or "The Arab One") is a Saudi state-owned international Arabic news television channel.

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Al Schwimmer

Adolph William Schwimmer (אל שווימר;&lrm; June 10, 1917 – June 10, 2011) was an American and later Israeli Mahal operative, engineer, and businessman.

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Al-Faluja

al-Faluja (الفالوجة) was a Palestinian Arab village in the British Mandate for Palestine, located 30 kilometers northeast of Gaza City.

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Al-Malkiyya

Al-Malikiyya (المالكية) was a Palestinian village located in the Jabal Amil region.

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Al-Muzayri'a

Al-Muzayri'a (المُزيرعة) was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict.

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Al-Najjada

al-Najjada (النجادة, or Munazzamat al-Najjada al-Falastiniyya) was a Palestinian Arab paramilitary scout movement formed in Jaffa, British Mandate of Palestine on 8 December 1945.

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Al-Qubab

Al-Qubab (القباب) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict.

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Alec Kirkbride

Sir Alec Seath Kirkbride (1897–1978) was a British diplomat, a proconsul, who served in Jordan and Palestine between 1920 and 1951.

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Alexandroni Brigade

The 3rd "Alexandroni" Brigade (חטיבת אלכסנדרוני, Hativat Aleksandroni) is an Israel Defense Forces brigade which has fought in many of Israel's wars.

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Alfred A. Knopf

Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. is an American publishing house that was founded by Blanche Knopf and Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915.

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Aliyah

Aliyah (עֲלִיָּה ʿălīyyā) is the immigration of Jews from the diaspora to, historically, the geographical Land of Israel or the Palestine region, which is today chiefly represented by the State of Israel.

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Aliyah Bet

Aliyah Bet (עלייה ב', "Aliyah 'B'" – bet being the second letter of the Hebrew alphabet) was the code name given to illegal immigration by Jews, many of whom were refugees escaping from Nazi Germany or other Nazi-controlled countries, and later Holocaust survivors, to Mandatory Palestine between 1920 and 1948, in violation of the restrictions laid out in the British White Paper of 1939, which dramatically increased between 1939 and 1948.

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All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948

All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 is a 1992 reference book edited by the Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, with contributions from several other researchers, that describes 418 Palestinian villages that were destroyed or depopulated in the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, the central component of the Nakba.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948

All-Palestine Government

The All-Palestine Government (حكومة عمومفلسطين) was established on 22 September 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, to govern the Egyptian-controlled territory in Gaza, which Egypt had on the same day declared as the All-Palestine Protectorate.

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All-Palestine Protectorate

The All-Palestine Protectorate, also known as All-Palestine, the Gaza Protectorate or the Gaza Strip, was a short-lived client state with limited recognition, corresponding to the area of the modern Gaza Strip, that was established in the area captured by the Kingdom of Egypt during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and allowed to run as a protectorate under the All-Palestine Government.

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Altalena Affair

The Altalena Affair was a violent confrontation that took place in June 1948 between the newly created Israel Defense Forces and the Irgun (also known as Etzel), one of the Jewish paramilitary groups that were in the process of merging to form the IDF.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Altalena Affair

Amin al-Husseini

Mohammed Amin al-Husseini (محمد أمين الحسيني; 4 July 1974) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader in Mandatory Palestine.

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Amman

Amman (ʿAmmān) is the capital and the largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center.

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Anita Shapira

Anita Shapira (אניטה שפירא, born 1940) is an Israeli historian.

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Antipatris

Antipatris (Αντιπατρίς) was a city built during the first century BC by Herod the Great, who named it in honour of his father, Antipater.

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Apologia

An apologia (Latin for apology, from Greek ἀπολογία, "speaking in defense") is a formal defense of an opinion, position or action.

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Aqaba

Aqaba (al-ʿAqaba) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.

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Arab citizens of Israel

The Arab citizens of Israel (Arab Israelis or Israeli Arabs) are the country's largest ethnic minority.

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Arab Higher Committee

The Arab Higher Committee (translit) or the Higher National Committee was the central political organ of Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine.

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Arab League

The Arab League (الجامعة العربية), formally the League of Arab States (جامعة الدول العربية), is a regional organization in the Arab world.

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Arab Legion

The Arab Legion was the police force, then regular army, of the Emirate of Transjordan, a British protectorate, in the early part of the 20th century, and then of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, an independent state, with a final Arabization of its command taking place in 1956, when British senior officers were replaced by Jordanian ones.

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Arab Liberation Army

The Arab Liberation Army (ALA; جيش الإنقاذ العربي Jaysh al-Inqadh al-Arabi), also translated as Arab Salvation Army or Arab Rescue Army (ARA), was an army of volunteers from Arab countries led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji.

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Arab nationalism

Arab nationalism (al-qawmīya al-ʿarabīya) is a political ideology asserting that Arabs constitute a single nation.

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Arab world

The Arab world (اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), formally the Arab homeland (اَلْوَطَنُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), also known as the Arab nation (اَلْأُمَّةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, comprises a large group of countries, mainly located in Western Asia and Northern Africa.

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Arab–Israeli conflict

The Arab–Israeli conflict is the phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between various Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Arab–Israeli conflict are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Aref al-Aref

Aref al-Aref (عارف العارف; 1892–1973) was a Palestinian journalist, historian and politician.

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Arish

ʻArish or el-ʻArīsh (العريش) is the capital and largest city (with 164,830 inhabitants) of the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt, as well as the largest city on the Sinai Peninsula, lying on the Mediterranean coast northeast of Cairo and west of the Egypt–Gaza border.

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Armistice

An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

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Armored Corps (Israel)

The Israeli Armored Corps (חֵיל הַשִּׁרְיוֹן, Heil HaShiryon) is a corps of the Israel Defense Forces that, since 1998, has been subordinate to GOC Army Headquarters.

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Armoured personnel carrier

An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones.

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Arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to Israel

Between June 1947 and October 31, 1949, the Jewish agency (later to become the Israeli government) seeking weapons for Operation Balak, made several purchases of weapons in Czechoslovakia, some of them of former German army weapons, captured by the Czechoslovak army on its national territory, or newly produced German weapons from Czechoslovakia's post-war production. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to Israel are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to Israel

Army of the Holy War

The Army of the Holy War or Holy War Army (جيش الجهاد المقدس; Jaysh al-Jihād al-Muqaddas) was a Palestinian Arab irregular force in the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine led by Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni and Hasan Salama.

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Artillery

Artillery are ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms.

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Ashdod

Ashdod (ʾašdōḏ,; ʾasdūd,, or label; Philistine:, romanized: *ʾašdūd) is the sixth-largest city in Israel.

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Ashkelon

Ashkelon or Ashqelon (ʾAšqəlōn,; ʿAsqalān) is a coastal city in the Southern District of Israel on the Mediterranean coast, south of Tel Aviv, and north of the border with the Gaza Strip.

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Associated University Presses

Associated University Presses (AUP) was a publishing company based in the United States, formed and operated as a consortium of several American university presses.

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Avgas

Avgas (aviation gasoline, also known as aviation spirit in the UK) is an aviation fuel used in aircraft with spark-ignited internal combustion engines.

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Avi Shlaim

Avi Shlaim (born 31 October 1945) is an Israeli and British historian of Iraqi Jewish descent.

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Avia S-199

The Avia S-199 is a propeller-driven Messerschmitt Bf 109G-based fighter aircraft built after World War II using the Bf 109G airframe and a Junkers Jumo 211F engine in place of the original and unavailable Daimler-Benz DB 605 engine.

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Avraham Adan

Avraham "Bren" Adan (אברהם "ברן" אדן;.

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Avraham Sela

Avraham Sela is an Israeli historian and scholar on the Middle East and international relations.

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Avraham Yoffe

Abraham Yoffe (translit, born October 25, 1913, died April 11, 1983) was an Israel general during the Six-Day War.

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Avro Anson

The Avro Anson is a British twin-engine, multi-role aircraft built by the aircraft manufacturer Avro.

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Ayalon Institute

The Ayalon Institute (Makhon Ayalon) was an underground ammunition factory, located on Kibbutz Hill in Rehovot, Israel, disguised as a kibbutz that ran a laundry service.

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Ayalon Valley

The Ayalon Valley (אַיָּלוֹן or, ʾAyyālōn), also written Aijalon and Ajalon, is a valley in the lowland of the Shephelah in Israel.

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Azure (magazine)

Azure: Ideas for the Jewish Nation (תכלת, Techelet) was a quarterly journal published 1996–2012 by the Shalem Center in Jerusalem, Israel.

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Balfour Declaration

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued by the British Government in 1917 during the First World War announcing its support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, then an Ottoman region with a small minority Jewish population.

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Battle for Jerusalem

The Battle for Jerusalem took place during the 1947–1948 civil war phase of the 1947–1949 Palestine war.

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Battle of Beersheba (1948)

The Battle of Beersheba, codenamed Operation Moses (מִבְצָע מֹשֶׁה, Mivtza Moshe), was an Israeli offensive on Beersheba on October 21, 1948. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battle of Beersheba (1948) are 1948 in Israel and conflicts in 1948.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battle of Beersheba (1948)

Battle of Jenin (1948)

The Battle of Jenin (31 May – 4 June 1948) was fought between Israel and Iraq, along with Arab irregular forces, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battle of Jenin (1948)

Battle of Nirim

The Battle of Nirim was a military engagement between the Egyptian army and the Jewish Haganah militia on May 15, 1948, the first day of the Egyptian invasion of Israel in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

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Battle of Nitzanim

The Battle of Nitzanim was fought between the Israel Defense Forces and the Egyptian Army in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, on June 7, 1948 (29 Iyar, 5708 in the Hebrew calendar).

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Battle of Rafah (1949)

The Battle of Rafah was a military engagement between the Israel Defense Forces and the Egyptian Army in the final stage of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

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Battle of Yad Mordechai

The Battle of Yad Mordechai was fought between Egypt and Israel in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, at the Israeli kibbutz of Yad Mordechai. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battle of Yad Mordechai are 1948 in Israel and conflicts in 1948.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battle of Yad Mordechai

Battles of Kfar Darom

The Battles of Kfar Darom refer to a number of military engagements in 1947–1948 between the Jewish Haganah and various Arab forces in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, in the southern kibbutz Kfar Darom.

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Battles of Latrun (1948)

The Battles of Latrun were a series of military engagements between the Israel Defense Forces and the Jordanian Arab Legion on the outskirts of Latrun between 25 May and 18 July 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battles of Latrun (1948) are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battles of Latrun (1948)

Battles of the Kinarot Valley

The Battles of the Kinarot Valley (הַמַּעֲרָכָה בְּבִקְעַת כִּנָּרוֹת, HaMa'arakha BeBik'at Kinarot), is a collective name for a series of military engagements between the Haganah and the Syrian army during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, fought between 15–22 May 1948 in the Kinarot Valley.

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Battles of the Sinai (1948)

The Battles of the Sinai refer to a series of military engagements between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the Egyptian Army fought in the Sinai Peninsula in December 1948 – January 1949, as part of the Israeli Operation Horev.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Battles of the Sinai (1948)

Bayt Susin

Bayt Susin (بَيْت سُوسِين) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine, located southeast of Ramla.

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BBC Books

BBC Books (also formerly known as BBC Consumer Publishing and BBC Publishing) is an imprint majority-owned and managed by Penguin Random House through its Ebury Publishing division.

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Be'erot Yitzhak

Be'erot Yitzhak (Yitzhak Wells) is a religious kibbutz in central Israel.

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Beacon Press

Beacon Press is an American left-wing non-profit book publisher.

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Bedouin

The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).

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Beersheba

Beersheba, officially Be'er-Sheva (usually spelled Beer Sheva; Bəʾēr Ševaʿ,; Biʾr as-Sabʿ), is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Beersheba

Beit She'an

Beit She'an (בֵּית שְׁאָן), also Beth-shean, formerly Beisan (بيسان), is a town in the Northern District of Israel.

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Ben Dunkelman

Benjamin "Ben" Dunkelman (June 26, 1913 – June 11, 1997) was a Canadian Jewish officer who served in the Canadian Army in World War II and the Israel Defense Forces in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

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Ben Gurion Airport

Ben Gurion International Airport, commonly known by the Hebrew-language acronym (נתב״ג|rtl.

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Benjamin Z. Kedar

Benjamin Ze'ev Kedar (born 2 September 1938)Who's Who in Israel 2001 (Tel Aviv, 2002), p. 214: "KEDAR, Benjamin Z. is professor emeritus of History at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

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Benny Morris

Benny Morris (בני מוריס; born 8 December 1948) is an Israeli historian.

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Bethlehem

Bethlehem (بيت لحم,,; בֵּית לֶחֶם) is a city in the Israeli-occupied West Bank of the State of Palestine, located about south of Jerusalem.

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Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress

The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress is an American four-engined heavy bomber aircraft developed in the 1930s for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC).

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Bren light machine gun

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Burma Road (Israel)

Burma Road (דרך בורמה Derekh Burma) in Israel was a makeshift bypass road between Kibbutz Hulda and Jerusalem, built under the supervision of General Mickey Marcus during the 1948 Siege of Jerusalem. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Burma Road (Israel) are 1948 in Israel.

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Cairo

Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Canon de 65 M (montagne) modele 1906

The Canon de 65 M modele 1906 where M stands for "montagne", or briefly 65 mm Mle 1906 where "mle" stands for "modèle", was a French mountain gun which entered service with the régiments d'artillerie de montagne in 1906 and was one of the first soft-recoil guns in service.

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Carden Loyd tankette

The Carden Loyd tankettes were a series of British tankettes of the period between the World Wars, the most successful of which was the Mark VI, the only version built in significant numbers.

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Carmeli Brigade

2nd "Carmeli" Brigade (Hebrew: חטיבת כרמלי, Hativat Carmeli, former 165th Brigade) is a reserve infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces, part of the Northern Command.

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Causes of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight

During the 1948 Palestine war in which the State of Israel was established, around 700,000The exact number of refugees is disputed. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Causes of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Causes of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight

Ceasefire

A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions, often due to mediation by a third party.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.

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Chalmers Goodlin

Chalmers Hubert "Slick" Goodlin (January 2, 1923 – October 20, 2005) was the second test pilot of the Bell X-1 supersonic rocket plane, and the first to operate the craft in powered flight.

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Charles R. H. Tripp

Charles Rees Howard Tripp, (born 8 March 1952) is an academic and author specializing in the politics and history of the Near and Middle East.

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Conquest

Conquest is the act of military subjugation of an enemy by force of arms.

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Conscription

Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.

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Constantin Zureiq

Constantin Zurayk (قنسطنطين زريق; 18 April 1909 – 11 August 2000) was a prominent Syrian Arab intellectual who was one of the first to pioneer and express the importance of Arab nationalism.

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Consulate General of France, Jerusalem

The Consulate General of France in Jerusalem (Consulat Général de France à Jérusalem) is the diplomatic mission of France in Jerusalem.

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Consulate General of the United States, Jerusalem

The Consulate General of the United States in Jerusalem was a diplomatic mission of the United States of America that provided consular services to Palestinian residents in Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza.

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Continuum International Publishing Group

Continuum International Publishing Group was an academic publisher of books with editorial offices in London and New York City.

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Corpus separatum (Jerusalem)

Corpus separatum (Latin for "separated body") was the internationalization proposal for Jerusalem and its surrounding area as part of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine.

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Cromwell tank

The Cromwell tank, officially Tank, Cruiser, Mk VIII, Cromwell (A27M), was one of the series of cruiser tanks fielded by Britain in the Second World War.

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Curtiss C-46 Commando

The Curtiss C-46 Commando is a low-wing, twin-engine aircraft derived from the Curtiss CW-20 pressurized high-altitude airliner design.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

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Daimler Armoured Car

The Daimler Armoured Car was a successful British armoured car design of the Second World War that continued in service into the 1950s.

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Damascus

Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Damascus

Daniyal

Daniyal (دانيال) was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Daniyal

David Ben-Gurion

David Ben-Gurion (דָּוִד בֶּן־גּוּרִיּוֹן; born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973) was the primary national founder of the State of Israel as well as its first prime minister.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and David Ben-Gurion

David Shaltiel

David Shaltiel (דוד שאלתיאל; 16 January 1903 – February 1969) was an Israeli military and intelligence officer, later also diplomat, and was most well known for being the district commander of the Haganah in Jerusalem during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and David Shaltiel

Davidka

The Davidka (דוידקה, "Little David" or "Made by David") was a homemade Israeli mortar used in Safed and Jerusalem during 1947–1949 Palestine war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Davidka

De Havilland Mosquito

The de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito is a British twin-engined, multirole combat aircraft, introduced during the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and De Havilland Mosquito

Defence in depth

Defence in depth (also known as deep defence or elastic defence) is a military strategy that seeks to delay rather than prevent the advance of an attacker, buying time and causing additional casualties by yielding space.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Defence in depth

Degania Alef

Degania Alef (דְּגַנְיָה א') is a kibbutz in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Degania Alef

Deir al-Balah

Deir al-Balah or Deir al Balah (Monastery of the Date Palm) is a Palestinian city in the central Gaza Strip and the administrative capital of the Deir al-Balah Governorate of the State of Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Deir al-Balah

Deir Yassin

Deir Yassin (Dayr Yāsīn) was a Palestinian Arab village of around 600 inhabitants about west of Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Deir Yassin

Deir Yassin massacre

The Deir Yassin massacre took place on April 9, 1948, when Zionist paramilitaries attacked the village of Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine, killing at least 107 Palestinian villagers, including women and children.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Deir Yassin massacre

Derek Penslar

Derek Jonathan Penslar, (born 1958) is an American-Canadian comparative historian with interests in the relationship between modern Israel and diaspora Jewish societies, global nationalist movements, European colonialism, and post-colonial states.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Derek Penslar

Displaced persons camps in post–World War II Europe

Displaced persons camps in post–World War II Europe were established in Germany, Austria, and Italy, primarily for refugees from Eastern Europe and for the former inmates of the Nazi German concentration camps.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Displaced persons camps in post–World War II Europe

Dominique Lapierre

Dominique Lapierre (30 July 1931 – 2 December 2022) was a French author.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Dominique Lapierre

Dore Gold

Dore Gold (דורי גולד, born 1953) is an American-Israeli political scientist and diplomat who served as Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations from 1997 to 1999.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Dore Gold

Douglas C-47 Skytrain

The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota (RAF designation) is a military transport aircraft developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Douglas C-47 Skytrain

Druze

The Druze (دَرْزِيّ, or دُرْزِيّ, rtl), who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (lit. 'the monotheists' or 'the unitarians'), are an Arab and Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and the eternity of the soul.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Druze

East Jerusalem

East Jerusalem (al-Quds ash-Sharqiya) is the portion of Jerusalem that was held by Jordan after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, as opposed to West Jerusalem, which was held by Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and East Jerusalem

Efraim Karsh

Efraim Karsh (אפרים קארש; born 6 September 1953) is an Israeli and British historian who is the founding director and emeritus professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies at King's College London.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Efraim Karsh

Egypt

Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Egypt

Egyptian Air Force

The Egyptian Air Force (EAF), is the aviation branch of the Egyptian Armed Forces that is responsible for all airborne defence missions and operates all military aircraft, including those used in support of the Egyptian Army, Egyptian Navy and the Egyptian Air Defense Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Egyptian Air Force

Egyptian Navy

The Egyptian Navy, also known as the Egyptian Naval Force, is the maritime branch of the Egyptian Armed Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Egyptian Navy

Egyptian sloop El Amir Farouq

El Amir Farouq, also written as Emir Farouk or King Farouk, was a sloop of the Egyptian Navy launched in 1926 as a passenger cargo ship before conversion to military service in 1936.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Egyptian sloop El Amir Farouq

Eilat

Eilat (אֵילַת; Īlāt) is Israel's southernmost city, with a population of, a busy port and popular resort at the northern tip of the Red Sea, on what is known in Israel as the Gulf of Eilat and in Jordan as the Gulf of Aqaba.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Eilat

Ein Gev

Ein Gev (עֵין גֵּב) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ein Gev

Ein Vered

Ein Vered (Rose Spring) is a moshav in central Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ein Vered

Emirate of Transjordan

The Emirate of Transjordan (the emirate east of the Jordan), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921,, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on April 11, 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946" which remained as such until achieving formal independence in 1946.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Emirate of Transjordan

Encyclopedia of World History

The Encyclopedia of World History is a classic single-volume work detailing world history.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Encyclopedia of World History

End of the British Mandate for Palestine

The end of the British Mandate for Palestine was formally made by way of the (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 27) of 29 April. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and end of the British Mandate for Palestine are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and End of the British Mandate for Palestine

Etzioni Brigade

The Etzioni Brigade (חֲטִיבַת עֶצְיוֹנִי, Hativat Etzyoni), also 6th Brigade and Jerusalem Brigade, is an infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Etzioni Brigade

Eugene Rogan

Eugene Lawrence Rogan, (born 31 October 1960) is an American historian of the Middle East and North Africa from the late Ottoman era to the present.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Eugene Rogan

Ezer Weizman

Ezer Weizman (Ezer Vaytsman,; 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was the seventh President of Israel, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ezer Weizman

Farouk of Egypt

Farouk I (فاروق الأول Fārūq al-Awwal; 11 February 1920 – 18 March 1965) was the tenth ruler of Egypt from the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the penultimate King of Egypt and the Sudan, succeeding his father, Fuad I, in 1936 and reigning until his overthrow in a military coup in 1952.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Farouk of Egypt

Fawzi al-Qawuqji

Fawzi al-Qawuqji (sometimes spelled Fauzi el-Kaukji - فوزي القاوقجي; 19 January 1890 – 5 June 1977) was a Lebanese-born Arab nationalist military figure in the interwar period.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Fawzi al-Qawuqji

Fayard

Fayard (complete name: Librairie Arthème Fayard) is a French Paris-based publishing house established in 1857.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Fayard

Fifth column

A fifth column is a group of people who undermine a larger group or nation from within, usually in favor of an enemy group or another nation.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Fifth column

First Syrian Republic

The First Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic, was formed in 1930 as a component of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and First Syrian Republic

Folke Bernadotte

Folke Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (2 January 1895 – 17 September 1948) was a Swedish nobleman and diplomat.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Folke Bernadotte

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) is the ministry of foreign affairs and a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and France

Friendly fire

In military terminology, friendly fire or fratricide is an attack by belligerent or neutral forces on friendly troops while attempting to attack enemy or hostile targets.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Friendly fire

From Time Immemorial

From Time Immemorial: The Origins of the Arab–Jewish Conflict over Palestine is a 1984 book by Joan Peters, published by Harper & Row, about the demographics of the Arab population of Palestine and of the Jewish population of the Arab world before and after the formation of the State of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and From Time Immemorial

G. P. Putnam's Sons

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and G. P. Putnam's Sons

Gal On

Gal On (גַּלְאוֹן, גל און, lit. Wave of Strength) is a kibbutz in southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gal On

Galilee

Galilee (hagGālīl; Galilaea; al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Galilee

Galilee Squadron

The Galilee Squadron (טייסת הגליל, Tayeset Ha-Galil) was an aerial unit established by the Yeshuv (Jewish residents of Palestine) during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War to assist the Jewish war effort in northern Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Galilee Squadron

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian military officer and politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gaza City

Gaza, also called Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gaza City

Gesher, Israel

Gesher (גֶּשֶׁר, lit. Bridge) is a kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley in northeastern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gesher, Israel

Geulim

Geulim (Redeemed) is a moshav in central Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Geulim

Gezer (kibbutz)

Gezer (גֶּזֶר) is a kibbutz in central Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gezer (kibbutz)

Gideon Levy

Gideon Levy (גדעון לוי,; born 1953) is an Israeli journalist and author.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gideon Levy

Givati Brigade

The 84th "Givati" Brigade ("Hill Brigade" or "Highland Brigade") is an Israel Defense Forces infantry brigade formed in 1947.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Givati Brigade

Golani Brigade

The 1st "Golani" Brigade (חֲטִיבַת גּוֹלָנִי, Hativat Golani) is an Israeli military infantry brigade.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Golani Brigade

Golda Meir

Golda Meir (3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was an Israeli politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Golda Meir

Green Line (Israel)

The Green Line or 1949 Armistice border is the demarcation line set out in the 1949 Armistice Agreements between the armies of Israel and those of its neighbors (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria) after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Green Line (Israel)

Greenwood Publishing Group

Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Greenwood Publishing Group

Guard Corps (Haganah)

Heil Mishmar (abbreviated HIM; חיל המשמר) was the guard corps of the Haganah, a Jewish paramilitary organization in Mandatory Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Guard Corps (Haganah)

Gudrun Krämer

Gudrun Krämer (born 1953) is a German scholar of Islamic history and co-editor of the third edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Gudrun Krämer

Haaretz

Haaretz (originally Ḥadshot Haaretz –) is an Israeli newspaper.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Haaretz

Habis Majali

Habis Majali (حابس المجالي; &lrm; 1914 – April 22, 2001) was a Jordanian general.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Habis Majali

Hadera

Hadera (חֲדֵרָה) is a city located in the Haifa District of Israel, in the northern Sharon region, approximately 45 kilometers (28 miles) from the major cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hadera

Haganah

Haganah (הַהֲגָנָה) was the main Zionist paramilitary organization that operated for the Yishuv in the British Mandate for Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Haganah

Haifa

Haifa (Ḥēyfā,; Ḥayfā) is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Haifa

Haifa Oil Refinery massacre

The Haifa Oil Refinery massacre took place on 30 December 1947 in Mandatory Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Haifa Oil Refinery massacre

Har Adar

Har Adar (הַר אֲדָר) is an Israeli settlement organized as a local council in the Seam Zone and the Maccabim sub-region of the West Bank.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Har Adar

Harel Brigade

The 10th "Harel" Brigade (Hativat Harel) is a reserve brigade of the Israel Defense Forces, today part of the Southern Command.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Harel Brigade

Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Harvard University Press

Hasan Salama

Hasan Salama (also spelled Hassan Salameh; حسن سلامة,; 1913 – 2 June 1948) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist guerrilla leader and commander who led the Palestinian Holy War Army (Jaysh al-Jihad al-Muqaddas, Arabic: جيش الجهاد المقدس) in the 1948 Palestine War along with Abdul Qadir al-Husseini.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hasan Salama

Hatzor Airbase

Hatzor Airbase (בָּסִיס חֵיל-הַאֲוִויר חָצוֹר), also titled Kanaf 4 (lit. Wing 4) is an Israeli Air Force (IAF) base, located in central Israel near kibbutz Hatzor after which it is named.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hatzor Airbase

Hawker Hurricane

The Hawker Hurricane is a British single-seat fighter aircraft of the 1930s–40s which was designed and predominantly built by Hawker Aircraft Ltd.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hawker Hurricane

Hawker Tempest

The Hawker Tempest is a British fighter aircraft that was primarily used by the Royal Air Force (RAF) in the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hawker Tempest

Hebron

Hebron (الخليل, or خَلِيل الرَّحْمَن; חֶבְרוֹן) is a Palestinian.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hebron

Henry Laurens (scholar)

Henry Laurens (born 1954) is a French historian and author of several histories and studies about the Arab-Muslim world.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Henry Laurens (scholar)

Hish (Haganah corps)

Hish (חי"ש, a Hebrew acronym for Heil HaSadeh (חיל השדה), lit. Field Corps) was a corps formed by the Haganah in the British Mandate of Palestine in 1939, following the disbandment of the smaller mobilized force known as the Posh.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hish (Haganah corps)

Historiography

Historiography is the study of the methods used by historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension, the term historiography is any body of historical work on a particular subject.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Historiography

Hotchkiss H35

The Hotchkiss H35 or Char léger modèle 1935 H was a French cavalry tank developed prior to World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hotchkiss H35

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH) is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Howard Sachar

Howard Morley Sachar (February 10, 1928 – April 18, 2018) was an American historian.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Howard Sachar

Hula massacre

The Hula massacre took place between 31 October and 1 November 1948 in Hula, a village in Lebanon 3 km west of Kibbutz Manara, not far from the Litani River.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hula massacre

Hula, Lebanon

Hula (Houla, حولا) is a small village in Southern Lebanon, near the border with Israel, located on the southern side of the Litani river.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hula, Lebanon

Humber Armoured Car

The Humber Armoured Car was one of the most widely produced British armoured cars of the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Humber Armoured Car

Hurva Synagogue

The Hurva Synagogue (בית הכנסת החורבה, translit: Beit ha-Knesset ha-Hurva, lit. "The Ruin Synagogue"), also known as Hurvat Rabbi Yehudah he-Hasid (חורבת רבי יהודה החסיד, "Ruin of Rabbi Judah the Pious"), is a synagogue located in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem, Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Hurva Synagogue

Ian Black (journalist)

Ian Black (15 July 1953 – 22 January 2023) was a British journalist and author focusing on international political issues.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ian Black (journalist)

Ilan Pappé

Ilan Pappé (אילן פפה; born 7 November 1954) is an Israeli historian, political scientist, and former politician.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ilan Pappé

IMI Systems

IMI Systems, previously Israel Military Industries, also referred to as Ta'as (תע"ש מערכות,התעשייה הצבאית), was an Israeli weapons manufacturer.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and IMI Systems

Infantry fighting vehicle

An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), also known as a mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV), is a type of armoured fighting vehicle used to carry infantry into battle and provide direct-fire support.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Infantry fighting vehicle

Ink Flag

The Ink Flag (דֶּגֶל הַדְּיוֹ, Degel HaDyo) was a handmade Israeli flag raised in March 1949 during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War to mark the capture of Umm Rashrash.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ink Flag

Institute for Palestine Studies

The Institute for Palestine Studies (IPS) is the oldest independent nonprofit public service research institute in the Arab world.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Institute for Palestine Studies

Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine

During the British rule in Mandatory Palestine, there was civil, political and armed struggle between Palestinian Arabs and the Jewish Yishuv, beginning from the violent spillover of the Franco-Syrian War in 1920 and until the onset of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine

Iqrit

Iqrit (إقرت or إقرث, Iqrith) was a Palestinian Christian village, located northeast of Acre.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Iqrit

Iraq Suwaydan

'Iraq Suwaydan (عراق سويدان, עיראק סווידאן) was a Palestinian Arab village located northeast of Gaza City.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Iraq Suwaydan

Iraqi Air Force

The Iraqi Air Force (IQAF or IrAF) (Al Quwwat al Jawwiyah al Iraqiyyah) is the aerial warfare service branch of the Iraqi Armed Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Iraqi Air Force

Irgun

The Irgun (ארגון; full title: הארגון הצבאי הלאומי בארץ ישראל, lit. "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel"), or Etzel (אצ״ל) (sometimes abbreviated IZL), was a Zionist paramilitary organization that operated in Mandatory Palestine between 1931 and 1948.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Irgun

Isdud

Isdud (ʾisdūd) was a Palestinian town, on the site today known as Tel Ashdod.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Isdud

Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israel

Israel Defense Forces

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל), alternatively referred to by the Hebrew-language acronym, is the national military of the State of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israel Defense Forces

Israel's Secret Wars

Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services (also known as Israel's Secret Wars: The Untold History of Israeli Intelligence) is a 1991 book written by Ian Black and Benny Morris about the history of the Israeli intelligence services from the period of the Yishuv to the end of the 1980s.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israel's Secret Wars

Israeli Air Force

The Israeli Air Force (IAF; tl, "Air and Space Arm", commonly known as, Kheil HaAvir, "Air Corps") operates as the aerial and space warfare branch of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli Air Force

Israeli coastal plain

Israeli coastal plain (מישור החוף, Mishor HaḤof) is the Israeli segment of the Levantine coastal plain of the Mediterranean Sea, extending north to south.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli coastal plain

Israeli Declaration of Independence

The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and later first Prime Minister of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli Declaration of Independence

Israeli naval campaign in Operation Yoav

The Israeli naval campaign in Operation Yoav refers to the operations of the Israeli naval service (later Israel Navy) during Operation Yoav (October 15–22, 1948) in the final stage of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli naval campaign in Operation Yoav

Israeli Navy

The Israeli Navy (חיל הים הישראלי, Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli,; البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in the Mediterranean Sea theater as well as the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea theater.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli Navy

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing military and political conflict about land and self-determination within the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Israeli–Palestinian conflict

J. Bowyer Bell

John Bowyer Bell (November 15, 1931 – August 23, 2003) was an American historian, artist and art critic.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and J. Bowyer Bell

Jaffa

Jaffa (Yāfō,; Yāfā), also called Japho or Joppa in English, is an ancient Levantine port city now part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel, located in its southern part.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jaffa

Jaffa Gate

Jaffa Gate (Sha'ar Yafo; Bāb al-Khalīl, "Hebron Gate") is one of the seven main open gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jaffa Gate

Jaffa riots

The Jaffa riots (commonly known in Me'oraot Tarpa) were a series of violent riots in Mandatory Palestine on May 1–7, 1921, which began as a confrontation between two Jewish groups but developed into an attack by Arabs on Jews and then reprisal attacks by Jews on Arabs.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jaffa riots

Jeffrey T. Richelson

Jeffrey Talbot Richelson (31 December 1949 – 11 November 2017) was an American author and academic researcher who studied the process of intelligence gathering and national security.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jeffrey T. Richelson

Jenin

Jenin (جنين) is a city in the State of Palestine, in the Israeli-occupied West Bank.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jenin

Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jerusalem

Jerusalem corridor

The Jerusalem corridor (פרוזדור ירושלים, Prozdor Yerushalayim) is an area between Jerusalem and the Shephelah in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jerusalem corridor

Jewish exodus from the Muslim world

In the 20th century, approximately Jews migrated, fled, or were expelled from Muslim-majority countries throughout Africa and Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jewish exodus from the Muslim world

Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine

A successful paramilitary campaign, sometimes referred to as the Palestine Emergency, was carried out by Zionist underground groups against British rule in Mandatory Palestine from 1944 to 1948. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine are conflicts in 1948 and wars of independence.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine

Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)

The Jewish Quarter (הרובע היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi; حارة اليهود, Harat al-Yehud) is one of the four traditional quarters of the Old City of Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)

Jewish state

In world politics, Jewish state is a characterization of Israel as the nation-state and sovereign homeland of the Jewish people.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jewish state

Jezreel Valley

The Jezreel Valley (from the translit), or Marj Ibn Amir (Marj Ibn ʿĀmir), also known as the Valley of Megiddo, is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jezreel Valley

Jimzu

Jimzu (جمزو), also known as Gimzo (meaning "sycamore plantation"), was a Palestinian village, located three miles southeast of Lydda.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jimzu

Joan Peters

Joan Peters (née Friedman; April 29, 1936 – January 5, 2015), later Caro, was an American journalist and broadcaster.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Joan Peters

John Bagot Glubb

Lieutenant-General Sir John Bagot Glubb, KCB, CMG, DSO, OBE, MC, KStJ, KPM (16 April 1897 – 17 March 1986), known as Glubb Pasha (غلوب باشا) and Abu Hunaik (أبو حنيك) by the Jordanians, was a British soldier, scholar, and author, who led and trained Transjordan's Arab Legion between 1939 and 1956 as its commanding general.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and John Bagot Glubb

Jordan

Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jordan

Jordanian annexation of the West Bank

The Jordanian administration of the West Bank officially began on April 24, 1950, and ended with the decision to sever ties on July 31, 1988.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Jordanian annexation of the West Bank

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Joseph Stalin

Joshua Landis

Joshua M. Landis (born May 14, 1957) is an American academic who specializes in the Middle East and is an expert on Syria.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Joshua Landis

Journal of Palestine Studies

The Journal of Palestine Studies (JPS) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal which has been published since 1971.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Journal of Palestine Studies

JSTOR

JSTOR (short for Journal Storage) is a digital library of academic journals, books, and primary sources founded in 1994.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and JSTOR

Judith M. Brown

Judith Margaret Brown (born 9 July 1944) is a British historian, academic and Anglican priest, who specialises in the study of modern South Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Judith M. Brown

Karabiner 98k

The Karabiner 98 kurz, often abbreviated Karabiner 98k, Kar98k or K98k and also sometimes incorrectly referred to as a K98 (a K98 is a Polish carbine and copy of the Kar98a), is a bolt-action rifle chambered for the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Karabiner 98k

Kedesh

Kedesh (alternate spellings: Qedesh, Cadesh, Cydessa) was an ancient Canaanite and later Israelite settlement in Upper Galilee, mentioned few times in the Hebrew Bible.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kedesh

Kfar Etzion massacre

The Kfar Etzion massacre refers to a massacre of Jews that took place after a two-day battle in which Jewish Kibbutz residents and Haganah militia defended Kfar Etzion from a combined force of the Arab Legion and local Arab men on May 13, 1948, the day before the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kfar Etzion massacre

Kfar Yona

Kfar Yona (lit) is a city in the Sharon subdistrict in the Central District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kfar Yona

Khulda

Khulda (خُلدة), also Khuldeh, was a Palestinian Arab village located south of Ramla in the Mandatory Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Khulda

Kibbutz

A kibbutz (קִבּוּץ / קיבוץ,;: kibbutzim קִבּוּצִים / קיבוצים) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kibbutz

Kingdom of Egypt

The Kingdom of Egypt (The Egyptian Kingdom) was the legal form of the Egyptian state during the latter period of the Muhammad Ali dynasty's reign, from the United Kingdom's recognition of Egyptian independence in 1922 until the abolition of the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan in 1953 following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kingdom of Egypt

Kingdom of Iraq

The Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq (translit) was a state located in the Middle East from 1932 to 1958.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kingdom of Iraq

Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir

Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir is a book publishing company in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir

La Question de Palestine

La Question de Palestine is a series of five history books about Palestine, written by the French scholar Henry Laurens and published by Fayard from 1999 to 2015.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and La Question de Palestine

Larry Collins (writer)

John Lawrence Collins Jr. (September 14, 1929 – June 20, 2005) was an American writer.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Larry Collins (writer)

Latrun

Latrun (לטרון, Latrun; اللطرون, al-Latrun) is a strategic hilltop in the Latrun salient in the Ayalon Valley.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Latrun

Lebanese Armed Forces

The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; Al-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa al-Lubnāniyya), also known as the Lebanese Army (Al-Jaish al-Lubnani), is the military of Lebanon.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lebanese Armed Forces

Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lebanon

Lee–Enfield

The Lee–Enfield is a bolt-action, magazine-fed repeating rifle that served as the main firearm of the military forces of the British Empire and Commonwealth during the first half of the 20th century, and was the standard service rifle of the British Armed Forces from its official adoption in 1895 until 1957.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lee–Enfield

Legitimacy (political)

In political science, legitimacy is the right and acceptance of an authority, usually a governing law or a regime.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Legitimacy (political)

Legitimacy of the State of Israel

Since 1948, a number of countries and individuals have challenged the political legitimacy of the state of Israel and/or its occupation of Arab territories.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Legitimacy of the State of Israel

Lehi (militant group)

Lehi (לח"י – לוחמי חרות ישראל Lohamei Herut Israel – Lehi, "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel – Lehi", sometimes abbreviated "LHI"), often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang,"This group was known to its friends as LEHI and to its enemies as the Stern Gang." Blumberg, Arnold.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lehi (militant group)

List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war

Following is a list of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

This is a list of modern conflicts in the Middle East ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the Middle East.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

List of villages depopulated during the Arab–Israeli conflict

Below is a list of villages depopulated or destroyed during the Arab–Israeli conflict.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and List of villages depopulated during the Arab–Israeli conflict

List of wars involving Israel

This is a list of wars and other major military engagements involving Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and List of wars involving Israel

Litani River

The Litani River (Nahr al-Līṭānī), the classical Leontes (lion river), is an important water resource in southern Lebanon.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Litani River

Lod

Lod (לוד, or fully vocalized לֹד; al-Lidd or), also known as Lydda (Λύδδα), is a city southeast of Tel Aviv and northwest of Jerusalem in the Central District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lod

Lorraine 37L

The Lorraine 37L or Tracteur de ravitaillement pour chars 1937 L, ("tank supply tractor 1937 L") is a light tracked armoured vehicle developed by the Lorraine company during the interwar period or interbellum, before the Second World War, to an April 1936 French Army requirement for a fully armoured munition and fuel supply carrier to be used by tank units for front line resupply.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lorraine 37L

Lou Lenart

Louis Lenart (April 24, 1921 – July 20, 2015) was a Hungarian-born American-Israeli fighter pilot.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lou Lenart

Lower Galilee

The Lower Galilee (translit) is a region within the Northern District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Lower Galilee

Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the Wehrmacht before and during World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Luftwaffe

M13 multiple gun motor carriage

The M13 multiple gun motor carriage (MGMC), otherwise known as the M13 half-track, was a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun used by the U.S. Army during World War II that was armed with two.50 caliber M2HB heavy-barrel Browning machine guns.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and M13 multiple gun motor carriage

M13/40 tank

The Carro Armato M13/40 was an Italian World War II tank designed to replace the M11/39 in the Royal Italian Army at the start of World War II. It was the primary tank used by the Italians throughout the war. The design was influenced by the British Vickers 6-Ton and was based on the modified chassis of the earlier M11/39.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and M13/40 tank

M22 Locust

The M22 Locust, officially Light Tank (Airborne), M22, was an American-designed airborne light tank which was produced during World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and M22 Locust

M3 half-track

The M3 half-track was an American armored personnel carrier half-track widely used by the Allies during World War II and in the Cold War.

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M3 Scout Car

The M3 Scout Car (known as the White Scout Car in British Commonwealth service) was an American-produced armored car.

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M4 Sherman

The M4 Sherman, officially Medium Tank, M4, was the most widely used medium tank by the United States and Western Allies in World War II.

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M5 half-track

The M5 half-track (officially the Carrier, Personnel, Half-track, M5) was an American armored personnel carrier in use during World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and M5 half-track

Ma'na an-Nakba

Ma'na al-Nakba,, is an anti-Zionist and pan-Arabic book by Constantin Zureiq published by in Beirut in 1948.

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Mahal (Israel)

Mahal, more often spelled Machal (מח"ל), refers to the group of overseas volunteers who fought alongside Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mahal (Israel)

Majdal Yaba

Majdal Yaba (مجدل يابا) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict, northeast of Ramla and east of Jaffa.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Majdal Yaba

Malha

Malha is a neighborhood in southwest Jerusalem, between Pat, Ramat Denya and Kiryat Hayovel in the Valley of Rephaim.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Malha

Manara, Israel

Menara (official name, מְנָרָה, pronounced Menará), popularly known as Manara, is a kibbutz in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Manara, Israel

Mandatory Palestine

Mandatory Palestine was a geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mandatory Palestine

Marmon-Herrington armoured car

The Marmon–Herrington armoured car was a series of armoured vehicles that were produced in South Africa and adopted by the British Army during World War II.

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Martin Gilbert

Sir Martin John Gilbert (25 October 1936 – 3 February 2015) was a British historian and honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Martin Gilbert

Martin van Creveld

Martin Levi van Creveld (מרטין לוי ון קרפלד,; born 5 March 1946) is an Israeli military historian and theorist.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Martin van Creveld

MAS-36 rifle

The MAS Modèle 36 (also known as the Fusil à répétition 7 mm 5 M. 36) is a military bolt-action rifle.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and MAS-36 rifle

Matilda II

The Infantry Tank Mark II, better known as the Matilda, is a British infantry tank of the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Matilda II

McFarland & Company

McFarland & Company, Inc., is an American independent book publisher based in Jefferson, North Carolina, that specializes in academic and reference works, as well as general-interest adult nonfiction.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and McFarland & Company

McGraw Hill Education

McGraw Hill is an American publishing company for educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and McGraw Hill Education

Meron Benvenisti

Meron Benvenisti (מירון בנבנשתי, 21 April 193420 September 2020) was an Israeli political scientist who was deputy mayor of Jerusalem under Teddy Kollek from 1971 to 1978, during which he administered Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem and served as Jerusalem's chief planning officer.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Meron Benvenisti

Messerschmitt Bf 109

The Messerschmitt Bf 109 is a German World War II fighter aircraft that was, along with the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, the backbone of the Luftwaffe's fighter force.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Messerschmitt Bf 109

MG 34

The MG 34 (shortened from German: Maschinengewehr 34, or "machine gun 34") is a German recoil-operated air-cooled general-purpose machine gun, first tested in 1929, introduced in 1934, and issued to units in 1936.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and MG 34

MI5

MI5 (Military Intelligence, Section 5), officially the Security Service, is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence and security agency and is part of its intelligence machinery alongside the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), and Defence Intelligence (DI).

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Michael Walzer

Michael Laban Walzer (born March 3, 1935) is an American political theorist and public intellectual.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Michael Walzer

Mickey Marcus

David Daniel "Mickey" Marcus (February 22, 1901 – June 10, 1948) was a United States Army colonel, later Israel's first General, who was a principal architect of the U.S. military's World War II civil affairs policies,Ossad, Steven L.:, pp.6-27, Winter, 2016, Army History, United States Army Center of Military History, retrieved May 2, 2020Hockensmith, Bryan J., Managing Ed.:, p.2, Winter, 2016, Army History, United States Army Center of Military History, retrieved May 2, 2020 including the organization of the war crimes trials in Germany and in Japan.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mickey Marcus

Mills bomb

"Mills bomb" is the popular name for a series of British hand grenades which were designed by William Mills.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mills bomb

Ministry of Defense (Israel)

The Ministry of Defense (Ministry of Security, acronym: משהב"ט) of the government of Israel, is the governmental department responsible for defending the State of Israel from internal and external military threats.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ministry of Defense (Israel)

Misgav Am

Misgav Am (lit) is a kibbutz in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Misgav Am

Mishmar HaEmek

Mishmar HaEmek (Guard of the Valley) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mishmar HaEmek

Mishmar HaYarden

Mishmar HaYarden (מִשְׁמַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, lit. Guard of the Jordan) is a moshav in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mishmar HaYarden

Mixed Armistice Commissions

The Mixed Armistice Commissions (MAC) is an organisation for monitoring the ceasefire along the lines set by the General Armistice Agreements.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mixed Armistice Commissions

Mk VI light tank

The Tank, Light, Mk VI was a British light tank, produced by Vickers-Armstrongs in the late 1930s, which saw service during the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mk VI light tank

Modi Alon

Mordechai "Modi" Alon (17 January 1921 – 16 October 1948) was an Israeli fighter pilot who with the formation of the Israeli Air Force in May 1948, assumed command of its first fighter squadron.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Modi Alon

Mohamed Naguib

Major General Mohamed Bey Naguib Youssef Qutb El-Qashlan (محمد بي نجيب يوسف قطب القشلان,; 19 February 1901 – 28 August 1984), also known as Mohamed Naguib, was an Egyptian military officer and revolutionary, who along with Gamal Abdel Nasser, was one of the two principal leaders of the Free Officers movement of 1952 that toppled the monarchy of Egypt and the Sudan (including modern day South Sudan), leading to the establishment of the Republic of Egypt, and the independence of Sudan, and eventually South Sudan in 2010.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mohamed Naguib

Molotov cocktail

A Molotov cocktail (among several other names – see) is a hand-thrown incendiary weapon consisting of a frangible container filled with flammable substances and equipped with a fuse (typically a glass bottle filled with flammable liquids sealed with a cloth wick).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Molotov cocktail

Mondoweiss

Mondoweiss is a news website that began as a general-interest blog written by Philip Weiss on The New York Observer website.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mondoweiss

Mordechai Bar-On

Mordechai Bar-On (מרדכי בר-און, 26 December 1928 – 7 March 2021) was an Israeli historian, Chief Education Officer of the Israel Defense Forces and politician, serving as a member of the Knesset for Ratz from 1984 to 1986.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mordechai Bar-On

Mordechai Weingarten

Mordechai Weingarten (מרדכי ויינגרטן; 1896–1964) was a Jewish community leader in Jerusalem during the British Mandate.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mordechai Weingarten

Morris Beckman (writer)

Morris Beckman (21 February 1921 – 24 May 2015) was an English writer and anti-fascist activist.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Morris Beckman (writer)

Mortar (weapon)

A mortar today is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded cannon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mortar (weapon)

Moshe Carmel

Moshe Carmel (משה כרמל, 17 January 1911 – 14 August 2003) was an Israeli Major-General and politician who served as Minister of Transportation for eight years.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Moshe Carmel

Moshe Dayan

Moshe Dayan (משה דיין; May 20, 1915 – October 16, 1981) was an Israeli military leader and politician.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Moshe Dayan

Mossad LeAliyah Bet

The Mossad LeAliyah Bet (המוסד לעלייה ב', lit. Institution for Immigration B) was a branch of the paramilitary organization Haganah in British Mandatory Palestine, and later the State of Israel, that operated to facilitate Jewish immigration to British Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mossad LeAliyah Bet

Mount Zion

Mount Zion (הַר צִיּוֹן, Har Ṣīyyōn; جبل صهيون, Jabal Sahyoun) is a hill in Jerusalem, located just outside the walls of the Old City.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Mount Zion

MP 40

The MP 40 (Maschinenpistole 40) is a submachine gun chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and MP 40

Muslim Brotherhood

The Society of the Muslim Brothers (جماعة الإخوان المسلمين), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood (الإخوان المسلمون) is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Muslim Brotherhood

Muzahim al-Pachachi

Muzahim Ameen al-Pachachi (مزاحمالباجه جي; 22 September 189123 September 1982) was an Iraqi politician who served as Prime Minister of Iraq during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Muzahim al-Pachachi

Nablus

Nablus (Nāblus; Šəḵem, ISO 259-3:,; Samaritan Hebrew: script, romanized:; Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a population of 156,906.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nablus

Nakba

The Nakba (the catastrophe) is the ethnic cleansing;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; of Palestinians through their violent displacement and dispossession of land, property, and belongings, along with the destruction of their society and the suppression of their culture, identity, political rights, and national aspirations. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nakba are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nakba

Nation state

A nation-state is a political unit where the state, a centralized political organization ruling over a population within a territory, and the nation, a community based on a common identity, are congruent.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nation state

Nationalist historiography

Historiography is the study of how history is written.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nationalist historiography

Nazareth

Nazareth (النَّاصِرَة|an-Nāṣira; נָצְרַת|Nāṣəraṯ; Naṣrath) is the largest city in the Northern District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nazareth

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nazi Germany

Negba

Negba (נֶגְבָּה) is a kibbutz in southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Negba

Negev

The Negev (hanNégev) or Negeb (an-Naqab) is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Negev

Negev Brigade

The Negev Brigade (חטיבת הנגב, Hativat HaNegev), originally the 12th Brigade is an Israeli reserve infantry brigade under the Sinai Division, that originally served in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Negev Brigade

Netanya

Netanya (also Natanya, נְתַנְיָה) is a city in the Northern Central District of Israel, and is the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Netanya

Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

The Neutrality Acts were a series of acts passed by the US Congress in 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1939 in response to the growing threats and wars that led to World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

New American Library

The New American Library (also known as NAL) is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and New American Library

New Gate

The New Gate (باب الجديد Bāb ij-Jdïd) (השער החדש HaSha'ar HeChadash) is the newest of the gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and New Gate

New Historians

The New Historians are a loosely defined group of Israeli historians who have challenged traditional versions of Israeli history, including Israel's role in the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight and Arab willingness to discuss peace.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and New Historians

Nicaragua

Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the geographically largest country in Central America, comprising.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nicaragua

Nir Am

Nir Am (Nation Meadow) is a kibbutz in southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nir Am

Nirim

Nirim (נִירִים, lit. plowed fields) is a kibbutz in the northwestern Negev in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nirim

Nitzana, Israel

Nitzana (נִצָּנָה, ניצנה) is an educational youth village and community settlement in southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nitzana, Israel

Nitzanim

Nitzanim (Flower buds) is a kibbutz in southern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nitzanim

No. 13 Squadron RAF

Number 13 Squadron, also written as XIII Squadron, is a squadron of the Royal Air Force which operate the General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper unmanned aerial vehicle from RAF Waddington since reforming on 26 October 2012.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and No. 13 Squadron RAF

No. 208 Squadron RAF

No 208 (Reserve) Squadron was a reserve unit of the Royal Air Force, most recently based at RAF Valley, Anglesey, Wales.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and No. 208 Squadron RAF

No. 213 Squadron RAF

No.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and No. 213 Squadron RAF

No. 6 Squadron RAF

Number 6 Squadron of the Royal Air Force operates the Eurofighter Typhoon FGR.4 at RAF Lossiemouth.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and No. 6 Squadron RAF

Norman Finkelstein

Norman Gary Finkelstein (born December 8, 1953) is an American political scientist and activist.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Norman Finkelstein

North American P-51 Mustang

The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang is an American long-range, single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber used during World War II and the Korean War, among other conflicts.

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North American T-6 Texan

The North American Aviation T-6 Texan is an American single-engined advanced trainer aircraft used to train pilots of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF), United States Air Force (USAF), United States Navy, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force and other air forces of the British Commonwealth during World War II and into the 1970s.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and North American T-6 Texan

Nur Masalha

Nur ad-Din Masalha (translit; born 4 January 1957) commonly known in English as Nur Masalha is a Palestinian writer, historian, and academic.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nur Masalha

Nuri al-Said

Nuri Pasha al-Said CH (نوري السعيد; December 1888 – 15 July 1958) was an Iraqi politician during the Mandatory Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Nuri al-Said

O Jerusalem!

O Jerusalem! is a history book published in 1971 by Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins that seeks to capture the events surrounding the creation of Israel, and the subsequent expulsion and flight of Palestinians.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and O Jerusalem!

Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic

The 1949 Armistice Agreements, which ended the 1948 Arab–Israeli War by delineating the Green Line as the legal boundary between Israel and the Arab countries, left the Kingdom of Egypt in control of a small swath of territory that it had captured and occupied in the former British Mandate for Palestine: the Gaza Strip.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic

Oded Brigade

The Oded Brigade (חטיבת עודד), is a unit in the Israel Defense Forces, also known as the 9th Brigade.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Oded Brigade

Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City of Jerusalem (al-Madīna al-Qadīma, Ha'ír Ha'atiká) is a walled area in East Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Old City of Jerusalem

Oneworld Publications

Oneworld Publications is a British independent publishing firm founded in 1986 by Novin Doostdar and Juliet Mabey originally to publish accessible non-fiction by experts and academics for the general market.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Oneworld Publications

Operation An-Far

Operation An-Far (short for Anti-Farouk) was a military operation launched by Israel's Givati Brigade on the night of July 8–9 during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation An-Far

Operation Assaf

Operation Assaf (מִבְצָע אָסָף, Mivtza Asaf) was an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) operation against the Egyptian Army between December 5–December 7, 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Assaf

Operation Balak

Operation Balak was a smuggling operation, during the founding of Israel in 1948, that purchased arms in Europe to avoid various embargoes and boycotts transferring them to the Yishuv.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Balak

Operation Barak

Operation Barak (מבצע ברק, Mivtza Barak, lit. Operation Lightning) was a Haganah offensive launched just before the end of the British Mandate in Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Barak

Operation Danny

Operation Danny (מבצע דני, Mivtza Dani) was an Israeli military offensive launched on July 9–19, 1948 at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Danny

Operation Death to the Invader

Operation Death to the Invader (מִבְצָע מָוֶת לַפּוֹלֵשׁ), also Death to the Invaders, was an Israeli military operation during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Death to the Invader

Operation Dekel

Operation Dekel (Operation Palm Tree), was the largest offensive by Israeli forces in the north of Palestine after the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Dekel

Operation Ezra and Nehemiah

From 1951 to 1952, Operation Ezra and Nehemiah airlifted between 120,000 and 130,000 Iraqi Jews to Israel via Iran and Cyprus.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Ezra and Nehemiah

Operation Ha-Har

Operation Ha-Har (ההר, The Mountain), or Operation El Ha-Har, was an Israeli Defence Forces campaign against villages southwest of Jerusalem launched at the end of October 1948. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Ha-Har are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Ha-Har

Operation Hametz

Operation Hametz (מבצע חמץ, Mivtza Hametz) was a Zionist operation towards the end of Mandatory Palestine, as part of the 1948 Palestine war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Hametz

Operation Hiram

Operation Hiram was a military operation conducted by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and operation Hiram are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Hiram

Operation Horev

Operation Horev was a large-scale offensive against the Egyptian army in the Western Negev towards the end of the Arab–Israeli War in 1948 and 1949.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Horev

Operation Kedem

Operation Kedem was an action planned and carried out by Irgun and Lehi forces in July 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli war.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Kedem

Operation Kilshon

From 13–18 May 1948 Jewish forces from the Haganah and Irgun executed Operation Kilshon ("Pitchfork").

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Kilshon

Operation Nachshon

Operation Nachshon (מבצע נחשון, Mivtza Nahshon; 5–16 April 1948) was a military operation of the Haganah during the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine and part of Plan Dalet.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Nachshon

Operation Pleshet

Operation Pleshet (מִבְצָע פְּלֶשֶׁת, Mivtza Pleshet) was an Israeli military action near the village of Isdud from May 29 to June 3, 1948 during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Pleshet

Operation Shfifon

On May 13, 1948, a day before the state of Israel was proclaimed, the Haganah launched Operation Shfifon (lit. Operation Cerastes Cerastes) with the aim of capturing the British outposts in the Old City of Jerusalem and preventing the Arab forces from taking control of them first. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Shfifon are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Shfifon

Operation Shmone

Operation Shmone (מִבְצָע שְׁמוֹנֶה, Mivtza Shmone, lit. Eight) was an Israeli military operation conducted against the Egyptian-held police fort of Iraq Suwaydan in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Shmone

Operation Shoter

Operation Shoter (מִבְצָע שׁוֹטֵר, Mivtza Shoter, lit. Operation Policeman), also Operation Jaba', was a three-day Israeli operation during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War against an area called the "Little Triangle" south of Haifa.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Shoter

Operation Uvda

Operation Uvda (מבצע עובדה, Mivtza Uvda) was an operation conducted by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, from 5 March to 10 March 1949.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Uvda

Operation Velvetta

Operation Velvetta (also known as Operation Alabama) was a 1948 Israeli Air Force operation to ferry Supermarine Spitfires purchased in Czechoslovakia to Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Velvetta

Operation Yevusi

Operation Yevusi (מבצע יבוסי; Eng. "Jebusite"), also known as the Second Battle of Nebi Samwil, was a Palmach military operation carried out during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War to assert Jewish control over Jerusalem.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Yevusi

Operation Yiftach

Operation Yiftach (מבצע יפתח, Mivtza Yiftah) was a Palmach offensive carried out between 28 April and 23 May 1948.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Yiftach

Operation Yoav

Operation Yoav (also called Operation Ten Plagues or Operation Yo'av) was an Israeli military operation carried out from 15–22 October 1948 in the Negev Desert, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and operation Yoav are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Operation Yoav

Oral history

Oral history is the collection and study of historical information about people, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Oral history

Ordnance QF 25-pounder

The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, with a calibre of 3.45 inches (87.6 mm), was a piece of field artillery used by British and Commonwealth forces in the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ordnance QF 25-pounder

Ordnance QF 6-pounder

The Ordnance Quick-Firing 6-pounder 7 cwt,British forces traditionally denoted smaller ordnance by the weight of its standard projectile, in this case approximately.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ordnance QF 6-pounder

Osprey Publishing

Osprey Publishing is a British publishing company specializing in military history based in Oxford.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Osprey Publishing

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Oxford University Press

Palestine (region)

The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestine (region)

Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency

The Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency was an armed cross-border conflict, which peaked between 1949 and 1956, involving Israel and Palestinian militants, mainly based in the Gaza Strip, under the nominal control, of the All-Palestine Protectorate a Palestinian client-state of Egypt declared in October 1948, which became the focal point of the Palestinian fedayeen activity.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency

Palestinian refugee camps

Camps are set up by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip to accommodate Palestinian refugees registered with UNRWA, who fled or were expelled during the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War or in the aftermath of the Six-Day War in 1967, and their patrilineal descendants.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian refugee camps

Palestinian refugees

Palestinian refugees are citizens of Mandatory Palestine, and their descendants, who fled or were expelled from their country over the course of the 1947–1949 Palestine war (1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight) and the Six-Day War (1967 Palestinian exodus).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian refugees

Palestinian right of return

The Palestinian right of return is the political position or principle that Palestinian refugees, both first-generation refugees (c. 30,000 to 50,000 people still alive) and their descendants (c. 5 million people), have a right to return and a right to the property they themselves or their forebears left behind or were forced to leave in what is now Israel and the Palestinian territories (both formerly part of the British Mandate of Palestine) during the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight (a result of the 1948 Palestine war) and the 1967 Six-Day War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian right of return

Palestinian territories

The Palestinian territories, also known as the Occupied Palestinian Territory, consist of the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip—two regions of the former British Mandate for Palestine that have been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian territories are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palestinian territories

Palmach

The Palmach (Hebrew:, acronym for, Plugot Maḥatz, "Strike Companies") was the elite combined strike forces and sayeret unit of the Haganah, the underground army of the Yishuv (Jewish community) during the period of the British Mandate for Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Palmach

Pantheon Books

Pantheon Books is an American book publishing imprint.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Pantheon Books

Panzer IV

The Panzerkampfwagen IV (Pz.Kpfw. IV), commonly known as the Panzer IV, is a German medium tank developed in the late 1930s and used extensively during the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Panzer IV

Peter Stearns

Peter Nathaniel Stearns (born March 3, 1936) is a professor at George Mason University, where he was provost from January 1, 2000 to July 2014.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Peter Stearns

Philip Mattar

Philip Mattar (فيليب مطر, born 1944) is a Palestinian American historian.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Philip Mattar

PIAT

The Projector, Infantry, Anti Tank (PIAT) Mk I was a British man-portable anti-tank weapon developed during the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and PIAT

Plan Dalet

Plan Dalet (תוכנית ד', Tokhnit dalet "Plan D") was a Zionist military plan executed in the civil war phase of the 1948 Palestine war for the conquest of territory in Mandatory Palestine in preparation for the establishment of a Jewish state. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and plan Dalet are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Plan Dalet

Port of Haifa

The Port of Haifa (translit) is the largest of Israel's three major international seaports, the others being the Port of Ashdod, and the Port of Eilat.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Port of Haifa

Port Said

Port Said (Bōrsaʿīd) is a city that lies in northeast Egypt extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, straddling the west bank of the northern mouth of the Suez Canal.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Port Said

Post-9/11

The post-9/11 period is the time after the September 11 attacks, characterized by heightened suspicion of non-Americans in the United States, increased government efforts to address terrorism, and a more aggressive American foreign policy.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Post-9/11

Present absentee

Present absentees are Arab internally displaced persons (IDPs) who fled or were expelled from their homes in Mandatory Palestine during the 1947–1949 Palestine war but remained within the area that became the state of Israel. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Present absentee are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Present absentee

Prime Minister of Israel

The prime minister of Israel (Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: רה״מ; رئيس الحكومة, Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma) is the head of government and chief executive of the State of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Prime Minister of Israel

Provisional State Council

The Provisional State Council (מועצת המדינה הזמנית, Moetzet HaMedina HaZmanit) was the temporary legislature of Israel from shortly before independence until the election of the first Knesset in January 1949.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Provisional State Council

Quneitra

Quneitra (also Al Qunaytirah, Qunaitira, or Kuneitra; ٱلْقُنَيْطِرَة or ٱلْقُنَيطْرَة, al-Qunayṭrah or al-Qunayṭirah) is the largely destroyed and abandoned capital of the Quneitra Governorate in south-western Syria.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Quneitra

Ralph Bunche

Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1904 – December 9, 1971) was an American political scientist, diplomat, and leading actor in the mid-20th-century decolonization process and US civil rights movement, who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his late 1940s mediation in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ralph Bunche

Ramallah

Ramallah (help|God's Height) is a Palestinian city in the central West Bank, that serves as the de facto administrative capital of the State of Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ramallah

Ramat David Airbase

Ramat David Airbase (בָּסִיס חֵיל-הַאֲוִיר רָמַת דָּוִד Basis Kheil HaAvir Ramat David, English: David Heights) is an Israeli Air Force (IAF) base located 20 km southeast of Haifa in the Northern District of Israel, close to kibbutz Ramat David in the Jezreel Valley.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ramat David Airbase

Ramat Rachel

Ramat Rachel or Ramat Raḥel (lit) is a kibbutz located in central Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ramat Rachel

Ramla

Ramla or Ramle (רַמְלָה, Ramlā; الرملة, ar-Ramleh) is a city in the Central District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ramla

Ras al-Ein

Ras al-Ein (رأس العين; ראס אל-עין, lit. Head of the Spring) is a small Arab village in northern Israel, located in the Galilee, near the Tzalmon Stream.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Ras al-Ein

Rashid Khalidi

Rashid Ismail Khalidi (born 18 November 1948) is a Palestinian-American historian of the Middle East and the Edward Said Professor of Modern Arab Studies at Columbia University.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Rashid Khalidi

Reading Power Station

Reading Power Station (תחנת הכוח רדינג) is a natural gas fueled thermal power station supplying electrical power to the Tel Aviv District in central Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Reading Power Station

Red Sea

The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Red Sea

Regnery Publishing

Regnery Publishing is a politically conservative book publisher based in Washington, D.C. The company was founded by Henry Regnery in 1947.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Regnery Publishing

Regular army

A regular army is the official army of a state or country (the official armed forces), contrasting with irregular forces, such as volunteer irregular militias, private armies, mercenaries, etc.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Regular army

Rehovot

Rehovot (רְחוֹבוֹת /) is a city in the Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Rehovot

Religious Zionism

Religious Zionism (Tziyonut Datit) is an ideology that views Zionism as a fundamental component of Orthodox Judaism.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Religious Zionism

Renault FT

The Renault FT (frequently referred to in post-World War I literature as the FT-17, FT17, or similar) is a French light tank that was among the most revolutionary and influential tank designs in history.

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Renault R35

The Renault R35, an abbreviation of Char léger Modèle 1935 R or R 35, was a French light infantry tank of the Second World War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Renault R35

Renault R40

The Renault R40 or Char léger modèle 1935 R modifié 1939 was a French light infantry tank that was used early in World War II, an improvement of the Renault R35, of which it is often considered a variant.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Renault R40

Republic of China (1912–1949)

The Republic of China (ROC), or simply China, as a sovereign state was based on mainland China from 1912 to 1949, when the government retreated to Taiwan, where it continues to be based.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Republic of China (1912–1949)

Right of return

The right of return is a principle in international law which guarantees everyone's right of voluntary return to, or re-entry to, their country of origin or of citizenship.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Right of return

Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Routledge

Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Royal Air Force

Royal Canadian Navy

The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN; Marine royale canadienne, MRC) is the naval force of Canada.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, and a component of His Majesty's Naval Service.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Royal Navy

RWD 13

The RWD 13 was a Polish touring plane of 1935, three-seater high-wing monoplane, designed by the RWD team.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and RWD 13

Safed

Safed (also known as Tzfat; צְפַת, Ṣəfaṯ; صفد, Ṣafad) is a city in the Northern District of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Safed

Samakh, Tiberias

Samakh (سمخ) was a Palestinian Arab village at the south end of Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee) in Ottoman Galilee and later Mandatory Palestine (now in Israel).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Samakh, Tiberias

Samaria

Samaria is the Hellenized form of the Hebrew name Shomron (translit), used as a historical and biblical name for the central region of Israel, bordered by Judea to the south and Galilee to the north.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Samaria

Saree Makdisi

Saree Makdisi (born 1964) is an American literary critic and professor; specializing in eighteenth and nineteenth century British literature.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Saree Makdisi

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia and the Middle East.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Saudi Arabia

Scars of War, Wounds of Peace

Scars of War, Wounds of Peace: The Israeli–Arab Tragedy is a book by historian and former Israeli Foreign Minister Shlomo Ben-Ami, which examines the history of the Arab–Israeli conflict.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Scars of War, Wounds of Peace

Sde Dov Airport

Sde Dov Airport (שדה דב, lit. Dov Field, مطار سدي دوف), also known as Dov Hoz Airport (נמל התעופה דב הוז, Nemal HaTe'ufa Dov Hoz, مطار دوف هوز) was an airport in Tel Aviv, Israel that mainly handled scheduled domestic flights to Eilat, northern Israel (Haifa, the Galilee, and the Golan Heights), as well as having served as a base for the Israeli Air Force (IAF).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sde Dov Airport

Sea of Galilee

The Sea of Galilee (יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sea of Galilee

Second Intifada

The Second Intifada (lit; האינתיפאדה השנייה), also known as the Al-Aqsa Intifada, was a major uprising by Palestinians against the Israeli occupation, characterized by a period of heightened violence in the Palestinian territories and Israel between 2000 and 2005.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Second Intifada

Second Syrian Republic

The Second Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963, succeeded the First Syrian Republic that had become de facto independent in April 1946 from the French Mandate.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Second Syrian Republic

Sha'ar HaGolan

Sha'ar HaGolan (שַׁעַר הַגּוֹלָן, lit. Gate of the Golan) is a kibbutz situated at the foot of the Golan Heights in the Jordan Valley area of north-eastern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sha'ar HaGolan

Shabbat

Shabbat (or; Šabbāṯ) or the Sabbath, also called Shabbos by Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Saturday.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shabbat

Shabtai Teveth

Shabtai Teveth (1925 – 1 November 2014) was an Israeli historian and author.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shabtai Teveth

Sherut Avir

The Sherut Avir (שרות אויר, Air Service) was the air force of the Haganah and the forerunner of the Israeli Air Force.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sherut Avir

Shimon Avidan

Shimon Avidan (שמעון אבידן; February 7, 1911 – September 11, 1994), born Siegbert Koch (זיגברט קוך), was a Palmach soldier and IDF military leader.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shimon Avidan

Shlomo Ben-Ami

Shlomo Ben-Ami (שלמה בן עמי; born 17 July 1943) is a former Israeli diplomat, politician, and historian who participated in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, including the 2000 Camp David Summit.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shlomo Ben-Ami

Shlomo Shamir

Shlomo Shamir (15 June 1915 – 19 May 2009) was the third Commander of the Israeli Navy (1949–1950), and the first Israeli Navy Commander to receive the rank of Aluf.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shlomo Shamir

Shukri al-Quwatli

Shukri al-Quwatli (Shukrī al-Quwwatlī; 6 May 189130 June 1967) was the first president of post-independence Syria, in 1943.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Shukri al-Quwatli

Simha Flapan

Simha Flapan (שמחה פלפן; 27 January 191113 April 1987) was an Israeli historian and politician.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Simha Flapan

Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster LLC is an American publishing company owned by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Simon & Schuster

Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (سِينَاء; سينا; Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sinai Peninsula

Southern Lebanon

Southern Lebanon is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Southern Lebanon

Stanford University Press

Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Stanford University Press

Stein and Day

Stein and Day, Inc. was an American publishing company founded by Sol Stein and his wife Patricia Day in 1962.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Stein and Day

Sten

The STEN (or Sten gun) is a British submachine gun chambered in 9×19mm which was used extensively by British and Commonwealth forces throughout World War II and during the Korean War.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sten

Stephen Shalom

Stephen Rosskamm Shalom is a professor of political science at William Paterson University where he has taught since 1977.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Stephen Shalom

Submarine chaser

A submarine chaser or subchaser is a small naval vessel that is specifically intended for anti-submarine warfare.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Submarine chaser

SUNY Press

The State University of New York Press (more commonly referred to as the SUNY Press) is a university press affiliated with the State University of New York system.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and SUNY Press

Supermarine Spitfire

The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during, and after World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Supermarine Spitfire

Sussex Academic Press

Sussex Academic Press, founded in 1994, is a publishing company based in Eastbourne, East Sussex, United Kingdom.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sussex Academic Press

Sword Battalion

The Sword Battalion (גְּדוּד חֶרֶב; كتيبة السيف), previously Unit 300 and also known as the IDF Minorities Unit, was an Arab-dominated military unit of the Israel Defense Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Sword Battalion

Syracuse University Press

Syracuse University Press, founded in 1943, is a university press that is part of Syracuse University.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Syracuse University Press

Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Syria

Syrian Air Force

The Syrian Air Force (SyAF or SAF), officially the Syrian Arab Air Force (SyAAF or SAAF; al-Quwwāt al-Jawwīyah al-ʿArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is the air force branch of the Syrian Armed Forces.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Syrian Air Force

Tantura

Tantura (الطنطورة, al-Tantura, lit. The Peak; Hebrew and Phoenician: דור, Dor) was a Palestinian Arab fishing village located northwest of Zikhron Ya'akov on the Mediterranean coast of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tantura

Tawfik Abu Al-Huda

Tawfik Abu al-Huda (توفيق ابو الهدى) (also known as Tawfik Pasha Abul-Huda) (1894 – 1 July 1956) served several terms as the 7th prime minister of Jordan.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tawfik Abu Al-Huda

Tegart fort

A Tegart fort is a type of militarized police fort constructed throughout Palestine during the British Mandatory period, initiated as a measure against the 1936–1939 Arab Revolt.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tegart fort

Tel Aviv

Tel Aviv-Yafo (translit,; translit), usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tel Aviv

Tel Aviv central bus station

Tel Aviv central bus station, also known as the new central bus station (התחנה המרכזית החדשה, HaTahana HaMerkazit HaHadasha), is the main bus station of Tel Aviv, Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tel Aviv central bus station

Tel Nof Airbase

Tel Nof Airbase (בָּסִיס חֵיל-הַאֲוִויר תֵּל נוֹף, English: Lookout hill), also known as Air Force Base 8, is the oldest and main base of the Israeli Air Force (IAF) located 5 km south of Rehovot, Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tel Nof Airbase

The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine

The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine is a book authored by New Historian Ilan Pappé and published in 2006 by Oneworld Publications.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine

The Holocaust

The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and The Holocaust

The Jerusalem Post

The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli broadsheet newspaper based in Jerusalem, founded in 1932 during the British Mandate of Palestine by Gershon Agron as The Palestine Post.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and The Jerusalem Post

Thomas C. Wasson

Thomas Campbell Wasson (February 8, 1896 – May 23, 1948) was an American diplomat who was assassinated while serving as the Consul General for the United States in Jerusalem. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Thomas C. Wasson are 1948 in Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Thomas C. Wasson

Thompson submachine gun

The Thompson submachine gun (also known as the "Tommy gun", "Chicago typewriter", or "trench broom") is a blowback-operated, selective-fire submachine gun, invented and developed by Brigadier General John T. Thompson, a United States Army officer, in 1918.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Thompson submachine gun

Tiberias

Tiberias (טְבֶרְיָה,; Ṭabariyyā) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tiberias

Transaction Publishers

Transaction Publishers was a New Jersey-based publishing house that specialized in social science books and journals.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Transaction Publishers

Transjordan Frontier Force

The Trans-Jordan Frontier Force was formed on 1 April 1926, to replace the disbanded British Gendarmerie.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Transjordan Frontier Force

Transworld (publisher)

Transworld is a British publishing house in Ealing, London that is a division of Penguin Random House, one of the world's largest mass media groups.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Transworld (publisher)

Triangle (Israel)

The Triangle (המשולש, HaMeshulash; المثلث, al-Muthallath), formerly referred to as the Little Triangle, is a concentration of Israeli Arab towns and villages adjacent to the Green Line, located in the eastern Sharon plain among the Samarian foothills; this area is located within the easternmost boundaries of both the Central District and Haifa District.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Triangle (Israel)

Trygve Lie

Trygve Halvdan Lie (16 July 1896 – 30 December 1968) was a Norwegian politician, labour leader, government official and author.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Trygve Lie

Tulkarm

Tulkarm or Tulkarem (طولكرم, Ṭūlkarm) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, the capital of the Tulkarm Governorate of the State of Palestine.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Tulkarm

United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

The United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP) or Palestine Conciliation Commission (PCC) was created by UN-resolution 194 of December 11, 1948, with the aim of mediating in the Arab–Israeli conflict.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine

United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as its main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations General Assembly

United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194

The United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 is a resolution adopted near the end of the 1947–1949 Palestine war. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194

United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine

The United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine was a proposal by the United Nations, which recommended a partition of Mandatory Palestine at the end of the British Mandate. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine

United Nations Truce Supervision Organization

The United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) is an organization founded on 29 May 1948 for peacekeeping in the Middle East.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United Nations Truce Supervision Organization

United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United States

United States Coast Guard

The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is the maritime security, search and rescue, and law enforcement service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the country's eight uniformed services.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and United States Coast Guard

Universal Carrier

The Universal Carrier, also known as the Bren Gun Carrier and sometimes simply the Bren Carrier from the light machine gun armament, is a common name describing a family of light armoured tracked vehicles built by Vickers-Armstrongs and other companies.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Universal Carrier

University of California Press

The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and University of California Press

UNRWA

The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA, pronounced) is a UN agency that supports the relief and human development of Palestinian refugees.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and UNRWA

Upper Galilee

The Upper Galilee (הגליל העליון, HaGalil Ha'Elyon; الجليل الأعلى, Al Jaleel Al A'alaa) is a geographical region located in northern Israel.

See 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Upper Galilee

Verso Books

Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a left-wing publishing house based in London and New York City, founded in 1970 by the staff of New Left Review (NLR) and includes Tariq Ali and Perry Anderson on its board of directors.

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Vickers

Vickers was a British engineering company that existed from 1828 until 1999.

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Vintage Books

Vintage Books is a trade paperback publishing imprint of Penguin Random House originally established by Alfred A. Knopf in 1954.

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Vz. 24

The vz.

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Walid Khalidi

Walid Khalidi (وليد خالدي, born 1925) is a Palestinian historian who has written extensively on the Palestinian exodus.

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Weidenfeld & Nicolson

Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd (established 1949), often shortened to W&N or Weidenfeld, is a British publisher of fiction and reference books.

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West Bank

The West Bank (aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; HaGadáh HaMaʽarávit), so called due to its location relative to the Jordan River, is the larger of the two Palestinian territories (the other being the Gaza Strip). 1948 Arab–Israeli War and West Bank are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

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West Jerusalem

West Jerusalem or Western Jerusalem (al-Quds al-Ġarbiyyah) refers to the section of Jerusalem that was controlled by Israel at the end of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

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Wm. Roger Louis

William Roger Louis CBE FBA (born May 8, 1936), commonly known as Wm.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

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Yaakov Dori

Yaakov Dori (October 8, 1899 – January 22, 1973), born Yaakov Dostrovsky, was the first Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).

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Yale University Press

Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.

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Yavne

Yavne (יַבְנֶה) is a city in the Central District of Israel.

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Yavne'el

Yavne'el (יַבְנְאֵל, يفنيئيل) is a moshava and local council in the Northern District of Israel.

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Yehuda Lapidot

Yehuda Lapidot (born August 13, 1928) is an Israeli historian, former professor of biochemistry, and veteran of the Zionist militia Irgun.

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Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a sovereign state in West Asia.

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Yezid Sayigh

Yezid Sayigh (يزيد صايغ) (born 1955) is a Palestinian academic.

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Yibna

Yibna (يبنا; Jabneh or Jabneel in Biblical times; Jamnia in Roman times; Ibelin to the Crusaders), or Tel Yavne, is an archaeological site and depopulated Palestinian town.

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Yiftach Brigade

The 11th Brigade (also known as the Yiftach Brigade) is a reserve unit in the Israel Defense force, composed mainly of fighters who completed their service in the Unit 621 – 'Egoz'.

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Yigael Yadin

Yigael Yadin (יִגָּאֵל יָדִין; 20 March 1917 – 28 June 1984) was an Israeli archeologist, soldier and politician.

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Yigal Allon

Yigal Allon (יגאל אלון; 10 October 1918 – 29 February 1980) was an Israeli military leader and politician.

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Yishuv

Yishuv (lit), HaYishuv HaIvri (Hebrew settlement), or HaYishuv HaYehudi Be'Eretz Yisra'el denotes the body of Jewish residents in Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and Yishuv are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

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Yisrael Galili

Yisrael Galili (ישראל גלילי; 10 February 1911 – 8 February 1986) was an Israeli politician, government minister and member of Knesset.

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Yitzhak Rabin

Yitzhak Rabin (יִצְחָק רַבִּין,; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general.

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Yitzhak Sadeh

Yitzhak Sadeh (יצחק שדה, born Izaak Landoberg, August 10, 1890 – August 20, 1952), was the commander of the Palmach and one of the founders of the Israel Defense Forces at the time of the establishment of the State of Israel.

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Yoav Gelber

Yoav Gelber (יואב גלבר; born September 25, 1943) is a professor of history at the University of Haifa, and was formerly a visiting professor at the University of Texas at Austin.

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Yoram Kaniuk

Yoram Kaniuk (יורם קניוק; May 2, 1930 – June 8, 2013) was an Israeli writer, painter, journalist, and theatre critic.

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Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia (Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија) was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992.

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Zionism

Zionism is an ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century and aimed for the establishment of a Jewish state through the colonization of a land outside of Europe.

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Zionism as settler colonialism

Zionism has been described by several scholars as a form of settler colonialism in relation to the region of Palestine and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

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146th Division (Israel)

The 146th Division "Ha-Mapatz", also known as the Ha-Mapatz ("Bang") Formation, is a reserve Division of the Israel Defense Forces.

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1920 Nebi Musa riots

The 1920 Nebi Musa riots or 1920 Jerusalem riots took place in British-controlled part of Occupied Enemy Territory Administration between Sunday, 4 April, and Wednesday, 7 April 1920 in and around the Old City of Jerusalem.

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1929 Palestine riots

The 1929 Palestine riots, Buraq Uprising (ثورة البراق) or the Events of 1929 (מאורעות תרפ"ט,, lit. Events of 5689 Anno Mundi), was a series of demonstrations and riots in late August 1929 in which a longstanding dispute between Palestinian Arabs and Jews over access to the Western Wall in Jerusalem escalated into violence.

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1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine

A popular uprising by Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine against the British administration of the Palestine Mandate, later known as the Great Revolt, the Great Palestinian Revolt, or the Palestinian Revolution, lasted from 1936 until 1939. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine are wars of independence.

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1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine

The 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine was the first phase of the 1947–1949 Palestine war. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, conflicts in 1948 and wars of independence.

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1948 and After

1948 and After: Israel and the Palestinians is a collection of essays by the Israeli historian Benny Morris.

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1948 Palestine war

The 1948 Palestine war was fought in the territory of what had been, at the start of the war, British-ruled Mandatory Palestine. During the war, the British withdrew from Palestine, Zionist forces conquered territory and established the State of Israel, and over 700,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1948 Palestine war are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, 1948 in Israel and wars of independence.

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1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight

In the 1948 Palestine war, more than 700,000 Palestinian Arabs – about half of Mandatory Palestine's predominantly Arab population – were expelled or fled from their homes, at first by Zionist paramilitaries, and after the establishment of Israel, by its military. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight are 1948 in Israel.

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1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle

The 1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle, was the expulsion of 50,000 to 70,000 Palestinian Arabs when Israeli troops captured the towns in July that year. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle are 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight.

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1949 Armistice Agreements

The 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed between Israel and Egypt, UN Doc S/1264/Corr.1 23 February 1949 Lebanon, UN Doc S/1296 23 March 1949 Jordan, UN Doc S/1302/Rev.1 3 April 1949 and Syria. 1948 Arab–Israeli War and 1949 Armistice Agreements are history of the Jews in Palestine (region).

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7th Armored Brigade (Israel)

The 7th "Saar me-Golan" Armored Brigade (חטיבה שבע, Hativa Sheva) is a military formation of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).

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8th Armored Brigade (Israel)

The 8th Armored Brigade (חטיבה שמונה, Hativa Shmoneh) is an Israeli Defense Forces reserve armored brigade assigned to the 91st Division.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_Arab–Israeli_War

Also known as 1948 Arab Israeli War, 1948 Arab-Israel war, 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict, 1948 Israel-Lebanon war, 1948 Israeli-Arab War, 1948-1949 Arab-Israeli War, Arab-Israeli War of 1948, Casualties of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, First Arab-Israeli War, Israel's 1948 war of independence.

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