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Armenians

Index Armenians

Armenians (hayer) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 354 relations: Achaemenid Empire, Adiss Harmandian, Afsharid dynasty, Aftermath of World War I, Agathangelos, Akdamar Island, Aksiyon, Al-Masudi, Alain Boghossian, Albanian language, Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm, Anatolia, Ancient Greek, Ancient history, Ancient Macedonian language, Andranik Eskandarian, Andranik Teymourian, Anna Kasyan, Apricot, Aq Qoyunlu, Aram (given name), Aram Khachaturian, Ararat Plain, Ararat, Armenia, Armani (kingdom), Armen Mkrtchyan, Armen Nazaryan, Armenia, Armenia at the 1996 Summer Olympics, Armenian alphabet, Armenian Americans, Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Argentines, Armenian Brazilians, Armenian Brotherhood Church, Armenian Canadians, Armenian carpet, Armenian Catholic Church, Armenian chant, Armenian diaspora, Armenian Evangelical Church, Armenian General Benevolent Union, Armenian genocide, Armenian genocide recognition, Armenian highlands, Armenian hypothesis, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Armenian language, Armenian mythology, Armenian National Academy of Sciences, ... Expand index (304 more) »

  2. Ancient peoples of the Near East
  3. Armenian people
  4. Ethnic groups in Armenia
  5. Indigenous peoples of West Asia
  6. Indo-European peoples

Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.

See Armenians and Achaemenid Empire

Adiss Harmandian

Adiss Harmandian (14 January 1945 – 1 September 2019) was a Lebanese-Armenian pop singer.

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Afsharid dynasty

The Afsharid dynasty (افشاریان) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Nader Shah of the Qirqlu clan of the Turkoman Afshar tribe, ruling over the Afsharid Empire.

See Armenians and Afsharid dynasty

Aftermath of World War I

The aftermath of World War I saw far-reaching and wide-ranging cultural, economic, and social change across Europe, Asia, Africa, and even in areas outside those that were directly involved.

See Armenians and Aftermath of World War I

Agathangelos

Agathangelos (in Ագաթանգեղոս, in Greek Ἀγαθάγγελος "bearer of good news" or angel, 5th century AD) is the pseudonym of the author of a life of the first apostle of Armenia, Gregory the Illuminator, who died about 332.

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Akdamar Island

Akdamar Island (Akdamar Adası), also known as Aghtamar (translit) or Akhtamar (translit; Girava Axtamarê), is the second largest of the four main islands in Lake Van, in eastern Turkey.

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Aksiyon

Aksiyon (italic) was a Turkish news magazine.

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Al-Masudi

al-Masʿūdī (full name, أبو الحسن علي بن الحسين بن علي المسعودي), –956, was a historian, geographer and traveler.

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Alain Boghossian

Alain Boghossian (born 27 October 1970) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

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Albanian language

Albanian (endonym: shqip, gjuha shqipe, or arbërisht) is an Indo-European language and the only surviving representative of the Albanoid branch, which belongs to the Paleo-Balkan group.

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Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm

Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm (born 15 April 1949) is a Polish-born United States-based writer and academic.

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Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

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Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

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Ancient history

Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity.

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Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian was the language of the ancient Macedonians which was either a dialect of Ancient Greek or a separate Hellenic language. It was spoken in the kingdom of Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC and belonged to the Indo-European language family. It gradually fell out of use during the 4th century BC, marginalized by the use of Attic Greek by the Macedonian aristocracy, the Ancient Greek dialect that became the basis of Koine Greek, the lingua franca of the Hellenistic period.

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Andranik Eskandarian

Andranik Eskandarian (Armenian: Անդրանիկ Իսքանտարեան, آندرانیک اسکندریان, born 31 December 1951) is an Iranian former footballer.

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Andranik Teymourian

Andranik Timotian-Samarani, commonly known as Andranik "Ando" Teymourian (Անդրանիկ Թէյմուրեան; Ândrânik Teymuryân, born 6 March 1983) is an Iranian retired professional footballer who usually played as a defensive midfielder, but could also play as a wide midfielder.

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Anna Kasyan

Anna Kasyan (Աննա Կասյան) (born 7 October 1981) is a Georgian-born Armenian opera singer (soprano) living in France.

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Apricot

An apricot is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus.

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Aq Qoyunlu

The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Ağqoyunlular) was a culturally Persianate,Kaushik Roy, Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750, (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two tribal confederations: Akkoyunlu (White Sheep) (1378–1507) and Qaraoyunlu (Black Sheep).

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Aram (given name)

Aram (Արամ, אַרָם) is an Armenian patriarch in the History of Armenia, and a popular masculine name in Aramaic and Armenian.

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Aram Khachaturian

Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (Ru-Aram Ilyich Khachaturian.ogg; Արամ Խաչատրյան,; 1 May 1978) was a Soviet Armenian composer and conductor.

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Ararat Plain

The Ararat Plain (translit), called Iğdır Plain in Turkey (Iğdır Ovası), is one of the largest plains of the Armenian Highlands.

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Ararat, Armenia

Ararat (Արարատ) is a town in the Ararat Municipality of the Ararat Province of Armenia, located on the Yerevan-Nakhchivan highway, southeast of the capital Yerevan and south of the provincial centre Artashat.

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Armani (kingdom)

Armani was an ancient kingdom mentioned by Sargon of Akkad.

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Armen Mkrtchyan

Armen Mkrtchyan (Արմեն Մկրտչյան; born 6 October 1973) is an Armenian freestyle wrestler.

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Armen Nazaryan

Armen Nazaryan (Արմեն Նազարյան, Армен Назарян, born 9 March 1974) is an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler who later represented Bulgaria.

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Armenia

Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia.

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Armenia at the 1996 Summer Olympics

Armenia competed in the Summer Olympic Games for the first time at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States.

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Armenian alphabet

The Armenian alphabet (Հայոց գրեր, Hayocʼ grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayocʼ aybuben) or, more broadly, the Armenian script, is an alphabetic writing system developed for Armenian and occasionally used to write other languages.

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Armenian Americans

Armenian Americans (translit) are citizens or residents of the United States who have total or partial Armenian ancestry.

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Armenian Apostolic Church

The Armenian Apostolic Church (translit) is the national church of Armenia.

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Armenian Argentines

Armenian Argentines are ethnic Armenians who live in Argentina.

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Armenian Brazilians

Armenian Brazilians (armeno-brasileiro, armênio-brasileiro) are Brazilian persons who are fully, partially, or predominantly of Armenian descent, or Armenian immigrants in Brazil.

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Armenian Brotherhood Church

The Armenian Brotherhood Church (also known by names such as the Armenian Evangelical Brotherhood Church and the Armenian Brotherhood Bible Church) started within the Armenian Evangelical Church in the 19th century.

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Armenian Canadians

Armenian Canadians (Western Armenian: գանատահայեր, Eastern Armenian: կանադահայեր, kanadahayer; Arméno-Canadiens) are citizens and permanent residents of Canada who have total or partial Armenian ancestry.

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Armenian carpet

The term Armenian carpet designates, but is not limited to, tufted rugs or knotted carpets woven in Armenia or by Armenians from pre-Christian times to the present.

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Armenian Catholic Church

The Armenian Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic particular churches sui iuris of the Catholic Church.

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Armenian chant

Armenian chant (շարական, sharakan) is the melismatic monophonic chant used in the liturgy of the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Armenian Catholic Church.

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Armenian diaspora

The Armenian diaspora refers to the communities of Armenians outside Armenia and other locations where Armenians are considered an indigenous population. Armenians and Armenian diaspora are Armenian people.

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Armenian Evangelical Church

The Armenian Evangelical Church (translit) was established on July 1, 1846, by thirty-seven men and three women in Constantinople.

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Armenian General Benevolent Union

The Armenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU, Eastern Armenian: Հայկական Բարեգործական Ընդհանուր Միություն, ՀԲԸՄ, Haykakan Baregortsakan Endhanur Miutyun, or Հայ Բարեգործական Ընդհանուր Միութիւն,Hay Parekordzagan Enthanour Miyutyun or Hopenetmen for short, Union générale arménienne de bienfaisance, UGAB) is a non-profit Armenian organization established in Cairo, Egypt, in 1906.

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Armenian genocide

The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I.

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Armenian genocide recognition

Armenian genocide recognition is the formal acceptance of the fact that the Ottoman Empire's systematic massacres and forced deportation of Armenians from 1915 to 1923, both during and after the First World War, constituted genocide.

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Armenian highlands

The Armenian highlands (Haykakan leṙnašxarh; also known as the Armenian upland, Armenian plateau, or Armenian tableland)Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century.

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Armenian hypothesis

The Armenian hypothesis, also known as the Near Eastern model, is a theory of the Proto-Indo-European homeland, initially proposed by linguists Tamaz V. Gamkrelidze and Vyacheslav Ivanov in the early 1980s, which suggests that the Proto-Indo-European language was spoken during the 5th–4th millennia BC in "eastern Anatolia, the southern Caucasus, and northern Mesopotamia".

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Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (Middle Armenian: Կիլիկիոյ Հայոց Թագաւորութիւն), also known as Cilician Armenia (Կիլիկեան Հայաստան,, Հայկական Կիլիկիա), Lesser Armenia, Little Armenia or New Armenia, and formerly known as the Armenian Principality of Cilicia (Կիլիկիայի հայկական իշխանութիւն), was an Armenian state formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia.

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Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

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Armenian mythology

Armenian mythology originated in ancient Indo-European traditions, specifically Proto-Armenian, and gradually incorporated Hurro-Urartian, Mesopotamian, Iranian, and Greek beliefs and deities.

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Armenian National Academy of Sciences

The National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (NAS RA) (Հայաստանի Հանրապետության գիտությունների ազգային ակադեմիա, ՀՀ ԳԱԱ, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yan gitut’yunneri azgayin akademia) is the Armenian national academy, functioning as the primary body that conducts research and coordinates activities in the fields of science and social sciences in Armenia.

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Armenian National Committee of America

The Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA) (Ամերիկայի Հայ դատի յանձնախումբ) is an Armenian American grassroots organization.

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Armenian Quarter

The Armenian Quarter (حارة الأرمن, Harat al-Arman; הרובע הארמני, Ha-Rova ha-Armeni; Հայոց թաղ, Hayots t'agh) is one of the four sectors of the walled Old City of Jerusalem.

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Armenian Relief Society

The Armenian Relief Society (ARS) (Հայ Օգնութեան Միութիւն, Հ.Օ.Մ.), is an independent, nonsectarian, philanthropic society serving the humanitarian, social and educational needs of Armenians and non-Armenians alike.

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Armenian Revolutionary Federation

The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (translit, abbr. ARF (ՀՅԴ) or ARF-D), also known as Dashnaktsutyun (Armenian: Դաշնակցություն, lit. "Federation"), is an Armenian nationalist and socialist political party founded in 1890 in Tiflis, Russian Empire by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian.

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Armenian revolutionary songs

Armenian revolutionary songs are patriotic songs that promote Armenian patriotism.

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Armenian Sign Language

Armenian Sign Language is the deaf sign language of Armenia.

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Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Armenia, or simply Armenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, located in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Soviet Armenia bordered the Soviet Republics of Azerbaijan and Georgia and the independent states of Iran and Turkey.

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ArmeniaNow

ArmeniaNow was an independent online news publication based in Yerevan, Armenia.

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Armenians in Austria

Armenians in Austria refers to ethnic Armenians living in Austria.

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Armenians in Belgium

Armenians in Belgium are citizens of Belgium of Armenian ancestry.

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Armenians in Bulgaria

Armenians in Bulgaria are the fifth largest minority, after Russians, in the country, numbering 6,552 according to the 2011 census, down from 10,832 in 2001, while Armenian organizations estimate up to 80,000.

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Armenians in Egypt

Armenians in Egypt are a community with a long history.

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Armenians in Ethiopia

There is a very small community of Armenians in Ethiopia, primarily in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa.

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Armenians in France

Armenians in France (translit; Arméniens de France) are French citizens of Armenian ancestry.

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Armenians in Georgia

Armenians in Georgia or Georgian Armenians (tr; Virahayer) are Armenian people living within the country of Georgia.

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Armenians in Germany

Armenians in Germany are ethnic Armenians living within the modern republic of Germany.

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Armenians in Greece

The Armenians in Greece (translit) are Greek citizens of Armenian descent.

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Armenians in Hungary

Armenians in Hungary (magyarországi örmények) are ethnic Armenians living in Hungary.

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Armenians in India

The association of Armenians with India and the presence of Armenians in India are very old, and there has been a mutual economic and cultural association of Armenians with India.

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Armenians in Israel and Palestine

Armenians in Israel and Palestine (ארמנים; أَرْمَنِيُّون) make up a community of approximately 5,000–6,000 Armenians living in both Israel and the State of Palestine. Armenians and Armenians in Israel and Palestine are ethnic groups in the Middle East.

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Armenians in Istanbul

Armenians in Istanbul (Bolsahayer; İstanbul Ermenileri) are a major part of the Turkish Armenian community and historically one of the largest ethnic minorities of Istanbul, Turkey.

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Armenians in Italy

Armenians in Italy covers the Armenians who live in Italy.

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Armenians in Lebanon

Armenians have lived in Lebanon for centuries.

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Armenians in Myanmar

The first Armenians in Burma were merchants who arrived in 1612, and settled in Syriam, where the first Armenian tombstone is dated 1725.

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Armenians in Poland

Armenians in Poland are one of nine legally recognized national minorities in Poland, their historical presence is going back to the Middle Ages.

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Armenians in Russia

Armenians in Russia or Russian Armenians are one of the country's largest ethnic minorities and the largest Armenian diaspora community outside Armenia.

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Armenians in Serbia

Armenians in Serbia refers to ethnic Armenians living in Serbia.

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Armenians in Syria

The Armenians in Syria are Syrian citizens of either full or partial Armenian descent.

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Armenians in Tbilisi

The Armenians have historically been one of the main ethnic groups in the city of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia. Armenians are the largest ethnic minority in Tbilisi at 4.8% of the population. Armenians migrated to the Georgian lands in the Middle Ages, during the Muslim rule of Armenia. They formed the single largest group of city's population in the 19th century.

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Armenians in the Middle East

Armenians in the Middle East are mostly concentrated in Iran, Lebanon, Cyprus, Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Jerusalem, although well-established communities exist in Iraq, Egypt, Turkey and other countries of the area including, of course, Armenia itself. Armenians and Armenians in the Middle East are ethnic groups in the Middle East.

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Armenians in the Netherlands

Armenians in the Netherlands (Armeniërs in Nederland; translit), also Dutch Armenians (Nederlandse Armenen) or Armenian Dutch (Armeense Nederlanders), are the ethnic Armenians living in the Netherlands.

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Armenians in Turkey

Armenians in Turkey (Türkiye Ermenileri; Թուրքահայեր or Թրքահայեր), one of the indigenous peoples of Turkey, have an estimated population of 50,000 to 70,000, down from a population of over 2 million Armenians between the years 1914 and 1921. Armenians and Armenians in Turkey are Armenian people.

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Armenians in Ukraine

Armenians in Ukraine are ethnic Armenians who live in Ukraine.

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Armenians of Romania

Armenians have been present in what are now the states of Romania and Moldova for over a millennium, and have been an important presence as traders since the 14th century.

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Artaxiad dynasty

The Artaxiad dynasty (also Artashesian) ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until their overthrow by the Romans in 12 AD.

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Arthur Abraham

Avetik Abrahamyan (Ավետիք Աբրահամյան; born 20 February 1980), best known as Arthur Abraham, is an Armenian-German former professional boxer who competed from 2003 to 2018.

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Artsakh (historical province)

Artsakh (Artsʻakh) was the tenth province (nahang) of the Kingdom of Armenia from until 387 AD, when it was made part of Caucasian Albania, a subject principality of the Sasanian Empire, following the Peace of Acilisene.

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Artvin

Artvin (Laz and; translit; translit) is a city in northeastern Turkey about inland from the Black Sea.

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Ashot I of Armenia

Ashot I (Աշոտ Ա; c. 820 – 890) was an Armenian king who oversaw the beginning of Armenia's second golden age (862 – 977).

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Ashtarak

Ashtarak (Աշտարակ) is a town in the Ashtarak Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia, located on the left bank of Kasagh River along the gorge, 20 kms northwest of the capital Yerevan.

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Ashurbanipal

Ashurbanipal (𒀸𒋩𒆕𒀀|translit.

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Association football

Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.

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Assyria

Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC.

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Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and West Asia.

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Şahan Arzruni

Şahan Arzruni (Շահան Արծրունի; born 8 June 1943) is a New York–based Armenian classical pianist, ethnomusicologist, lecturer, composer, writer and producer.

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Babylon

Babylon was an ancient city located on the lower Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, within modern-day Hillah, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 miles) south of modern day Baghdad.

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Babylonia

Babylonia (𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠) was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Iran).

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Bagratuni dynasty

The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty (Բագրատունի) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom of Armenia from c. 885 until 1045.

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Balkans

The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.

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Balto-Slavic languages

The Balto-Slavic languages form a branch of the Indo-European family of languages, traditionally comprising the Baltic and Slavic languages.

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Bartholomew the Apostle

Bartholomew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Most scholars today identify Bartholomew as Nathanael, who appears in the Gospel of John (1:45–51; cf.

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Basilica

In Ancient Roman architecture, a basilica was a large public building with multiple functions that was typically built alongside the town's forum.

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Batumi

Batumi (ბათუმი), historically Batum or Batoum, is the second-largest city of Georgia and the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, located on the coast of the Black Sea in Georgia's southwest, 20 kilometers north of the border with Turkey.

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BBC World Service

The BBC World Service is an international broadcaster owned and operated by the BBC.

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Behistun Inscription

The Behistun Inscription (also Bisotun, Bisitun or Bisutun; بیستون, Old Persian: Bagastana, meaning "the place of god") is a multilingual Achaemenid royal inscription and large rock relief on a cliff at Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah Province of Iran, near the city of Kermanshah in western Iran, established by Darius the Great.

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Belus (Assyrian)

Belus or Belos in classical Greek or classical Latin texts (and later material based on them) in an Assyrian context refers to one or another purportedly ancient and historically mythical Assyrian king, such king in part at least a euhemerization of the Babylonian god Bel Marduk.

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Big band

A big band or jazz orchestra is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section.

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Boxing

Boxing is a combat sport and martial art.

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Bronze Age

The Bronze Age was a historical period lasting from approximately 3300 to 1200 BC.

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Byzantine Armenia

Byzantine Armenia, sometimes known as Western Armenia, is the name given to the parts of Kingdom of Armenia that became part of the Byzantine Empire.

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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Cairo

Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.

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Carchemish

Carchemish, also spelled Karkemish (Karkamış), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria.

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Cathedral of Ani

The Cathedral of Ani (Անիի մայր տաճար, Anii mayr tačar; Ani Katedrali) is the largest standing building in Ani, the capital city of medieval Bagratid Armenia, located in present-day eastern Turkey, on the border with modern Armenia.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Caucasus Mountains

The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain range at the intersection of Asia and Europe.

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Centum and satem languages

Languages of the Indo-European family are classified as either centum languages or satem languages according to how the dorsal consonants (sounds of "K", "G" and "Y" type) of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) developed.

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Chalybes

The Chalybes (Χάλυβες/Χάλυβοι; Khalibebi) and Chaldoi (Χάλδοι) were peoples mentioned by classical authors as living in Pontus and Cappadocia in northern Anatolia during Classical Antiquity.

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Charles Aznavour

Charles Aznavour (born Charles Aznavourian, 22 May 1924 – 1 October 2018) was a French singer of Armenian ancestry, as well as a lyricist, actor and diplomat.

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Cher

Cher (born Cherilyn Sarkisian on May 20, 1946) is an American singer, actress, and television personality.

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Chess

Chess is a board game for two players.

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Chess Olympiad

The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete.

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Christian music

Christian music is music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith.

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Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Christianization of Armenia

Christianity first spread to Armenia prior to the official adoption of the faith in the early fourth century, although the details are obscure.

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Cilicia

Cilicia is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.

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Columbia University Press

Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.

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Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union)

The Communist Party of Armenia (Հայաստանի կոմունիստական կուսակցություն, Коммунистическая партия Армении) was a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union within the Armenian SSR, and as such, the sole ruling party in the Armenian SSR.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.

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Council of Chalcedon

The Council of Chalcedon (Concilium Chalcedonense) was the fourth ecumenical council of the Christian Church.

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Crusader states

The Crusader states, or Outremer, were four Catholic polities that existed in the Levant from 1098 to 1291.

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Darius the Great

Darius I (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE.

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David Reich (geneticist)

David Emil Reich (born July 14, 1974) is an American geneticist known for his research into the population genetics of ancient humans, including their migrations and the mixing of populations, discovered by analysis of genome-wide patterns of mutations.

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Delfi (web portal)

Delfi (occasionally capitalized as DELFI) is a news website in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania providing daily news, ranging from gardening to politics.

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Dhol

Dhol can refer to any one of a number of similar types of double-headed drum widely used, with regional variations, throughout the Indian subcontinent.

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Djivan Gasparyan

Djivan Gasparyan (var. Jivan Gasparyan; Ջիվան Գասպարյան,; 12 October 1928 – 6 July 2021) was an Armenian musician and composer.

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Duduk

The duduk (դուդուկ) or tsiranapogh (ծիրանափող, meaning "apricot-made wind instrument"), is a double reed woodwind instrument made of apricot wood originating from Armenia.

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Eastern Anatolia Region

The Eastern Anatolia Region (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

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Eastern Armenia

Eastern Armenia (Արևելյան Հայաստան Arevelyan Hayastan) comprises the eastern part of the Armenian Highlands, the traditional homeland of the Armenian people.

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Eastern Armenian

Eastern Armenian is one of the two standardized forms of Modern Armenian, the other being Western Armenian.

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Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Edgar Manucharyan

Edgar Manucharyan (Էդգար Մանուչարյան, born 19 January 1987) is an Armenian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

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Elizabeth Redgate

Anne Elizabeth Redgate or A. E. Redgate was born in Lancashire and educated at Bolton School Girls Division and St. Anne's College, Oxford.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. is the company known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously published encyclopaedia.

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Endonym and exonym

An endonym (also known as autonym) is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their homeland, or their language.

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Eric P. Hamp

Eric Pratt Hamp (November 16, 1920 – February 17, 2019) was an American linguist widely respected as a leading authority on Indo-European linguistics, with particular interests in Celtic languages and Albanian.

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Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous.

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Ethnic groups in Europe

Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe.

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Ethnic groups in the Caucasus

The peoples of the Caucasus, or Caucasians, are a diverse group comprising more than 50 ethnic groups throughout the Caucasus. Armenians and ethnic groups in the Caucasus are peoples of the Caucasus.

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Ethnic groups in the Middle East

Ethnic groups in the Middle East are ethnolinguistic groupings in the "transcontinental" region that is commonly a geopolitical term designating the intercontinental region comprising West Asia (including Cyprus) without the South Caucasus, and also comprising Egypt in North Africa.

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Ethnicity

An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people who identify with each other on the basis of perceived shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups.

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FC Ararat Yerevan

Football Club Ararat Yerevan (Ֆուտբոլային Ակումբ Արարատ Երևան), commonly known as Ararat Yerevan, is an Armenian professional football club based in Yerevan that plays in the Armenian Premier League.

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FC Bayern Munich

Fußball-Club Bayern München e. V. (FCB), commonly known as Bayern Munich or FC Bayern, is a German professional sports club based in Munich, Bavaria.

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Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)

The Federal State Statistics Service (translit, abbreviated as Rosstat) is the governmental statistics agency in Russia.

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Fig

The fig is the edible fruit of Ficus carica, a species of small tree in the flowering plant family Moraceae, native to the Mediterranean region, together with western and southern Asia.

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First Republic of Armenia

The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (translit), was an independent Armenian state that existed from May (28th de jure, 30th de facto) 1918 to 2 December 1920 in the Armenian-populated territories of the former Russian Empire known as Eastern or Russian Armenia.

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Flag of Armenia

The national flag of Armenia (translit), also known as the tricolour (Եռագույն, Yeṙaguyn), consists of three horizontal bands of equal width, red on the top, blue in the middle, and orange on the bottom.

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Flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians

On 19–20 September 2023 Azerbaijan initiated a military offensive in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region which ended with the surrender of the self-declared Republic of Artsakh and the disbandment of its armed forces.

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Freestyle wrestling

Freestyle wrestling is a style of wrestling.

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Gandzak, Armenia

Gandzak (Գանձակ) is a village in the Gavar Municipality of the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia.

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Garry Kasparov

Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born Garik Kimovich Weinstein on 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion (1985–2000), political activist and writer.

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Gayane (ballet)

Gayane (Gayaneh or Gayne, the e is pronounced; Գայանե; Гаянэ) is a four-act ballet with music by Aram Khachaturian.

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Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire.

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Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and West Asia.

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Gevorg Emin

Gevorg Emin (born Karlen Muradyan; September 30, 1919 – July 11, 1998) was an Armenian poet, essayist, and translator.

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Ghapama

Ghapama (ղափամա) is an Armenian stuffed pumpkin dish, often prepared during the Christmas season.

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Golden Age

The term Golden Age comes from Greek mythology, particularly the Works and Days of Hesiod, and is part of the description of temporal decline of the state of peoples through five Ages, Gold being the first and the one during which the Golden Race of humanity (chrýseon génos) lived.

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Graeco-Armenian

Graeco-Armenian (or Helleno-Armenian) is the hypothetical common ancestor of Greek (or Hellenic) and Armenian branches that postdates Proto-Indo-European language.

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Graeco-Aryan

Graeco-Aryan, or Graeco-Armeno-Aryan, is a hypothetical clade within the Indo-European family that would be the ancestor of Hellenic, Armenian, and the Indo-Iranian languages, which spans Southern Europe, Armenian highlands and Southern Asian regions of Eurasia.

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Greco-Roman wrestling

Greco-Roman (American English), Graeco-Roman (British English), or classic wrestling (Continental English) is a style of wrestling that is practiced worldwide.

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Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

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Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of ancient Greek folklore, today absorbed alongside Roman mythology into the broader designation of classical mythology.

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Gregory Pakourianos

Gregory Pakourianos (died 1086) was a Byzantine politician and military commander.

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Gregory the Illuminator

Gregory the Illuminator (Classical, reformed spelling: Գրիգոր Լուսավորիչ, Grigor Lusavorich; &ndash) was the founder and first official head of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

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Haghpat Monastery

Haghpat Monastery, also known as Haghpatavank (Հաղպատավանք), is a medieval monastery complex in Haghpat, Armenia, built between the 10th and 13th century.

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Haitian Creole

Haitian Creole (kreyòl ayisyen,; créole haïtien), or simply Creole (kreyòl), is a French-based creole language spoken by 10 to 12million people worldwide, and is one of the two official languages of Haiti (the other being French), where it is the native language of the vast majority of the population.

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Hamazkayin

The Hamazkayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society is a major cultural organization of the Armenian Diaspora.

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Hamidian massacres

The Hamidian massacres also called the Armenian massacres, were massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire in the mid-1890s.

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Harichavank Monastery

The Harichavank (Հառիճավանք; transliterated as Harijavank or Harichavank) is a 7th century Armenian monastery located near the village of Harich (Armenian: Հառիճ) in the Shirak Province of Armenia.

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Harout Pamboukjian

Harout Pamboukjian (Հարութ Փամբուկչյան; Յարութ Փամպուքճեան; born July 1, 1950), known as Dzakh Harut (Ձախ Հարութ), is an Armenian pop singer living in Los Angeles.

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Hasmik Papian

Hasmik Papian (Հասմիկ Պապյան; born 2 September 1961) is an Armenian soprano.

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Hayasa-Azzi

Hayasa-Azzi or Azzi-Hayasa (URUḪaiaša-, Հայասա) was a Late Bronze Age confederation in the Armenian Highlands and/or Pontic region of Asia Minor.

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Hayhurum

Hayhurum (Հայհրում) is the name given to Armenian-speaking Christians who are members of the Greek Orthodox Church.

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Hayk

Hayk (Հայկ), also known as Hayk Nahapet (Հայկ Նահապետ), is the legendary patriarch and founder of the Armenian nation.

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Hecataeus of Miletus

Hecataeus of Miletus (Ἑκαταῖος ὁ Μιλήσιος;Named after the Greek goddess Hecate--> c. 550 – c. 476 BC), son of Hegesander, was an early Greek historian and geographer.

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Hemshin people

The Hemshin people (Համշենցիներ, Hamshentsiner; Hemşinliler), also known as Hemshinli or Hamshenis or Homshetsi, are a bilingual small group of Armenians who practice Sunni Islam after they had been converted from Christianity in the beginning of the 18th century and are affiliated with the Hemşin and Çamlıhemşin districts in the province of Rize, Turkey. Armenians and Hemshin people are Armenian people.

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Henrikh Mkhitaryan

Henrikh Mkhitaryan (Հենրիխ Մխիթարյան,; born 21 January 1989) is an Armenian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for club Inter Milan.

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Herodotus

Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.

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Hetanism

The Armenian Native Faith, also termed Armenian Neopaganism or Hetanism (Armenian: Հեթանոսութիւն Hetanosutiwn; a cognate word of "Heathenism"), is a modern Pagan new religious movement that harkens back to the historical, pre-Christian belief systems and ethnic religions of the Armenians.

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Hidden Armenians

Hidden Armenians (t’ak’nvats hayer; Gizli Ermeniler) or crypto-Armenians (Kripto Ermeniler) is an umbrella term to describe Turkish citizens hiding their full or partial Armenian ancestry from the larger Turkish society.

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Hieroglyphic Luwian

Hieroglyphic Luwian (luwili) is a variant of the Luwian language, recorded in official and royal seals and a small number of monumental inscriptions.

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History of Armenia (book)

The History of Armenia (Պատմութիւն Հայոց), attributed to Movses Khorenatsi, is an early account of Armenia, covering the legendary origins of the Armenian people as well as Armenia's interaction with Sassanid, Byzantine and Arsacid empires down to the 5th century.

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History of the Jews in Armenia

The history of the Jews in Armenia is one of the Jewish communities in the Caucasus region.

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Hittites

The Hittites were an Anatolian Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilizations of Bronze Age West Asia.

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Holy Land

The Holy Land is an area roughly located between the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern bank of the Jordan River, traditionally synonymous both with the biblical Land of Israel and with the region of Palestine.

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Holy See of Cilicia

The Armenian Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia (Կաթողիկոսութիւն Հայոց Մեծի Տանն Կիլիկիոյ) is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church.

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Hovhannes Shiraz

Hovhannes Shiraz (Հովհաննես Շիրազ) (April 27, 1914 – March 24, 1984) was an Armenian poet.

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Hrant Shahinyan

Hrant Shahinyan (Հրանտ Շահինյան, 30 July 1923 – 29 May 1996), also known as Grant Shaginyan, was a Soviet Armenian gymnast.

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Ice hockey

Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport.

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Illuminated manuscript

An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared document where the text is decorated with flourishes such as borders and miniature illustrations.

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Indigenous peoples

There is no generally accepted definition of Indigenous peoples, although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territory, and an experience of subjugation and discrimination under a dominant cultural model.

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Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.

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Indo-Iranian languages

The Indo-Iranian languages (also known as Indo-Iranic languages or collectively the Aryan languages) constitute the largest and southeasternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family.

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Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

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Iranian Armenians

Iranian Armenians (iranahayer; ایرانی های ارمنی), also known as Persian Armenians (parskahayer; ارامنه فارس), are Iranians of Armenian ethnicity who may speak Armenian as their first language. Armenians and Iranian Armenians are ethnic groups in the Middle East.

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Iraqi Armenians

Iraqi Armenians (أرمنيون عراقيون ’Armanion Iraqion; Armenian: իրաքահայեր irakahayer) are Iraqi citizens and residents of Armenian ethnicity.

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Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.

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Irreligion

Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.

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Isabel Bayrakdarian

Isabel Bayrakdarian (Իզապէլ Պայրագտարեան; born February 1, 1974) is a Lebanese-born Canadian operatic soprano of Armenian descent who now resides and works in the United States.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

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Jude the Apostle

Jude (Ἰούδας Ἰακώβουtranslit. Ioúdas Iakóbou; Syriac/Aramaic: ܝܗܘܕܐ translit. Yahwada) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament.

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Judea

Judea or Judaea (Ἰουδαία,; Iudaea) is a mountainous region of the Levant.

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Karabakh carpet

The Karabakh carpet, or Artsakh carpet, is one of the varieties of carpets of Transcaucasia, made in the Karabakh region.

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Kaskians

The Kaska (also Kaška, later Tabalian Kasku and Gasga) were a loosely affiliated Bronze Age non-Indo-European tribal people, who spoke the unclassified Kaskian language and lived in mountainous East Pontic Anatolia, known from Hittite sources.

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Kebab

Kebab (كباب, kabāb, كباب,; kebap), kabob (North American), kebap, or kabab (Kashmir) is a variety of roasted meat dishes that originated in the Middle East.

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Keran, Queen of Armenia

Keran of Lampron (before 1262 – 28 July 1285) was a by-birth member of the House of Lampron and by marriage Queen consort of Armenia.

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Khachkar

A khachkar (also spelled as khatchkar) or Armenian cross-stone (խաչքար,, խաչ xačʿ "cross" + քար kʿar "stone") is a carved, memorial stele bearing a cross, and often with additional motifs such as rosettes, interlaces, and botanical motifs.

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Khoren Oganesian

Khoren Oganesian (Խորեն Հովհաննիսյան; born 10 January 1955), also known as Khoren Hovhannisyan, is a former Armenian and Soviet football player who played as a midfielder and currently a football manager and coach.

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Khorovats

Khorovats (խորոված) is an Armenian barbecue.

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Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Armenia, also the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, or simply Greater Armenia or Armenia Major (Մեծ Հայք; Armenia Maior) sometimes referred to as the Armenian Empire, was a kingdom in the Ancient Near East which existed from 331 BC to 428 AD.

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Kirakos Gandzaketsi

Kirakos Gandzaketsi (c. 1200/1202–1271) was an Armenian historian of the 13th centuryS. Peter Cowe.

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Lake Sevan

Lake Sevan (Sevana lich) is the largest body of water in both Armenia and the Caucasus region.

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Lake Van

Lake Van (Van Gölü; translit; Gola Wanê) is the largest lake in Turkey.

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Late Bronze Age collapse

The Late Bronze Age collapse was a time of widespread societal collapse during the 12th century BC associated with environmental change, mass migration, and the destruction of cities.

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Lavash

Lavash (լավաշ) is a thin flatbread usually leavened, traditionally baked in a tandoor (tonir or tanoor) or on a sajj, and common to the cuisines of South Caucasus, West Asia, and the areas surrounding the Caspian Sea.

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Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

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Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.

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Levon Aronian

Levon Grigori Aronian (Levon Grigori Aronyan; born 6 October 1982) is an Armenian-American chess grandmaster.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C. that serves as the library and research service of the U.S. Congress and the de facto national library of the United States.

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List of Armenian ethnic enclaves

This is a list of Armenian ethnic enclaves, containing cities, districts, and neighborhoods with predominantly Armenian population, or are associated with Armenian culture, either currently or historically.

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List of kings of Babylon

The king of Babylon (Akkadian:, later also) was the ruler of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon and its kingdom, Babylonia, which existed as an independent realm from the 19th century BC to its fall in the 6th century BC.

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Lom people

The Lom people (Lomlar), also known by non-Loms as Bosha or Posha (Poşa; Բոշա; tr; Боша) or as Armenian Romani (армянские цыгане; հայ գնչուներ) or Caucasian Romani (кавказские цыгане), are an ethnic group originating from the Indian subcontinent. Armenians and Lom people are ethnic groups in Armenia.

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Mamluk

Mamluk or Mamaluk (mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world.

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Mannaea

Mannaea (sometimes written as Mannea; Akkadian: Mannai, Biblical Hebrew: Minni, (מנּי)) was an ancient kingdom located in northwestern Iran, south of Lake Urmia, around the 10th to 7th centuries BC.

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Mesrop Mashtots

Mesrop Mashtots (Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց Mesrop Maštoc'; Eastern Armenian:; Western Armenian:; 362February 17, 440 AD) was an Armenian linguist, composer, theologian, statesman, and hymnologist in the Sasanian Empire.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Mikayel Chamchian

Mikayel Chamchian (Միքայէլ Չամչեան, 4 December 1738 – 30 November 1823), known also in English as Michael Chamich, was an Armenian Mekhitarist monk, historian, grammarian and theologian.

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Mitanni

Mitanni (–1260 BC), earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts,; Hanigalbat or Hani-Rabbat in Assyrian records, or Naharin in Egyptian texts, was a Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and southeast Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) with Indo-Aryan linguistic and political influences.

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Movses Khorenatsi

Movses Khorenatsi (410–490s AD; Խորենացի) was a prominent Armenian historian from late antiquity and the author of the History of the Armenians.

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Mushki

The Mushki (sometimes transliterated as Muški) were an Iron Age people of Anatolia who appear in sources from Assyria but not from the Hittites.

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Muslim conquest of Persia

The Muslim conquest of Persia, also called the Muslim conquest of Iran, the Arab conquest of Persia, or the Arab conquest of Iran, was a major military campaign undertaken by the Rashidun Caliphate between 632 and 654.

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Muslim uprisings in Kars and Sharur–Nakhichevan

The Muslim uprisings in Kars and Sharur–Nakhichevan were a series of insurgencies by local Muslims against the administration of the First Republic of Armenia, beginning on 1 July 1919 and ending 28 July 1920.

See Armenians and Muslim uprisings in Kars and Sharur–Nakhichevan

Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

See Armenians and Muslims

Mutual intelligibility

In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.

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Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh is a region in Azerbaijan, covering the southeastern stretch of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range.

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Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians until 2023, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaijanis until their expulsion during the 1990s.

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Nairi

Nairi (also Na-'i-ru) was the Akkadian name for a region inhabited by a particular group (possibly a confederation or league) of tribal principalities in the Armenian Highlands, approximately spanning the area between modern Diyarbakır and Lake Van and the region west of Lake Urmia. Armenians and Nairi are ancient peoples of the Near East.

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National church

A national church is a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state.

See Armenians and National church

Navajo or Navaho (Navajo: Diné bizaad or Naabeehó bizaad) is a Southern Athabaskan language of the Na-Dené family, as are other languages spoken across the western areas of North America.

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Nikita Simonyan

Nikita Pavlovich Simonyan (Никита Павлович Симонян, Նիկիտա Մկրտիչ Սիմոնյան, born Mkrtych Pogosovich Simonyan, 12 October 1926) is a Soviet and Russian former football striker and coach of Armenian descent.

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Noah

Noah appears as the last of the Antediluvian patriarchs in the traditions of Abrahamic religions.

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Non-Chalcedonian Christianity

Non-Chalcedonian Christianity comprises the branches of Christianity that do not accept theological resolutions of the Council of Chalcedon, the Fourth Ecumenical Council, held in 451.

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Noravank Foundation

"Noravank" Foundation was established in 2001 with an aim to conduct strategic researches in cooperation with Armenian and foreign senior staff, to analyse the problems of the Armenian community, Armenology and the "church-state-society" relations.

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O Globo

O Globo (The Globe) is a Brazilian newspaper based in Rio de Janeiro.

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Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City of Jerusalem (al-Madīna al-Qadīma, Ha'ír Ha'atiká) is a walled area in East Jerusalem.

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Old Persian

Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire).

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Olympic weightlifting

Weightlifting (often known as Olympic weightlifting) is a sport in which athletes compete in lifting a barbell loaded with weight plates from the ground to overhead, with the aim of successfully lifting the heaviest weights.

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Oriental Orthodox Churches

The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 50 million members worldwide.

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Origin of the Armenians

The origin of the Armenians is a topic concerned with the emergence of the Armenian people and the country called Armenia.

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Orontid dynasty

The Orontid dynasty, also known as the Eruandids or Eruandunis, ruled the Satrapy of Armenia until 330 BC and the Kingdom of Armenia from 321 BC to 200 BC.

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Ottoman Armenian population

The Ottoman Armenian population varied throughout history.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Ottoman–Safavid War (1532–1555)

The Ottoman–Safavid War of 1532–1555 was one of the many military conflicts fought between the two arch rivals, the Ottoman Empire led by Suleiman the Magnificent, and the Safavid Empire led by Tahmasp I.

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Palestine (region)

The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.

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Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.

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Paruyr Sevak

Paruyr Sevak (Պարույր Սևակ; January 24, 1924 – June 17, 1971) was an Armenian poet, translator and literary critic.

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Paulicianism

Paulicianism (Classical Armenian: Պաւղիկեաններ,; Παυλικιανοί, "The followers of Paul"; Arab sources: Baylakānī, al Bayāliqa البيالقة)Nersessian, Vrej (1998).

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Peace of Amasya

The Peace of Amasya (پیمان آماسیه ("Peymān-e Amasiyeh"); Amasya Antlaşması) was a treaty agreed to on May 29, 1555, between Shah Tahmasp I of Safavid Iran and Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire at the city of Amasya, following the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1532–1555.

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Peach

The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree first domesticated and cultivated in Zhejiang province of Eastern China.

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Persian literature

Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures.

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Phrygia

In classical antiquity, Phrygia (Φρυγία, Phrygía) was a kingdom in the west-central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River.

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Phrygian language

The Phrygian language was the Indo-European language of the Phrygians, spoken in Anatolia (modern Turkey), during classical antiquity (c. 8th century BCE to 5th century CE).

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Pilaf

Pilaf, pilav or pilau is a rice dish, usually sautéed, or in some regions, a wheat dish, whose recipe usually involves cooking in stock or broth, adding spices, and other ingredients such as vegetables or meat, and employing some technique for achieving cooked grains that do not adhere to each other.

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Pomegranate

The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family Lythraceae, subfamily Punicoideae, that grows between tall.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.

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Post-Soviet states

The post-Soviet states, also referred to as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or the former Soviet republics, are the independent sovereign states that emerged/re-emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Proto-Greek language

The Proto-Greek language (also known as Proto-Hellenic) is the Indo-European language which was the last common ancestor of all varieties of Greek, including Mycenaean Greek, the subsequent ancient Greek dialects (i.e., Attic, Ionic, Aeolic, Doric, Arcadocypriot, and ancient Macedonian—either a dialect or a closely related Hellenic language) and, ultimately, Koine, Byzantine and Modern Greek (along with its variants).

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Proto-Indo-European homeland

The Proto-Indo-European homeland was the prehistoric linguistic homeland of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE).

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Proto-Indo-European language

Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.

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Proto-Indo-Iranian language

Proto-Indo-Iranian, also called Proto-Indo-Iranic or Proto-Aryan, is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European.

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Qajar dynasty

The Qajar dynasty (translit; 1789–1925) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Mohammad Khan of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman Qajar tribe.

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Qanun (instrument)

The qanun, kanun, ganoun or kanoon (qānūn; k’anon; qānūn; kanonáki, qanun; قانون, qānūn; kanun; qanun) is a Middle Eastern string instrument played either solo, or more often as part of an ensemble, in much of Iran, Arab East, and Arab Maghreb region of North Africa, later it reached West Africa, Central Asia due to Arab migration.

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Qara Qoyunlu

The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (Qaraqoyunlular,; قره قویونلو), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman "Kara Koyunlu, also spelled Qara Qoyunlu, Turkish Karakoyunlular, English Black Sheep, Turkmen tribal federation that ruled Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Iraq from about 1375 to 1468." "Better known as Turkomans...

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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is an American government-funded international media organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analyses to Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

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Republic of Artsakh

Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh or the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh, was a breakaway state in the South Caucasus whose territory was internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan.

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Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

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Richard G. Hovannisian

Richard Hovannisian (Ռիչարդ Հովհաննիսյան, November 9, 1932 – July 10, 2023) was an American historian and professor at the University of California, Los Angeles.

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Richard Hagopian

Richard Avedis Hagopian (born April 3, 1937) is an Armenian-American oud player and a traditional Armenian musician.

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Robert H. Hewsen

Robert H. Hewsen (born Robert H. Hewsenian; May 20, 1934 – November 17, 2018) was an Armenian-American historian and professor of history at Rowan University.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which started in 2014.

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Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)

The Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828 was the last major military conflict between the Russian Empire and Qajar Iran, which was fought over territorial disputes in the South Caucasus region.

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Sabre Dance

"Sabre Dance" is a movement in the final act of Aram Khachaturian's ballet Gayane (1942), where the dancers display their skill with sabres.

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Safavid dynasty

The Safavid dynasty (Dudmâne Safavi) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736.

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Sambo (martial art)

Sambo (сaмбо) is a martial art with Soviet origins, an internationally practised combat sport, and a recognized style of amateur wrestling included by UWW in the World Wrestling Championships along with Graeco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.

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Samsat

Samsat (Samîsad, Ottoman Turkish صمصاد Semisat), formerly Samosata (Σαμόσατα) is a small town in the Adıyaman Province of Turkey, situated on the upper Euphrates river.

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Samtskhe–Javakheti

Samtskhe–Javakheti (სამცხე-ჯავახეთი) is a region (mkhare) in southern Georgia with a population of 147.400 (2023) and an area of.

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San Lazzaro degli Armeni

San Lazzaro degli Armeni ("Saint Lazarus of the Armenians"; sometimes called Saint Lazarus Island in English; Surb Ghazar) is a small island in the Venetian Lagoon which has been home to the monastery of the Mekhitarists, an Armenian Catholic congregation, since 1717.

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Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

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Sason

Sason is a town in the Batman Province of Turkey.

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Satrapy of Armenia

The Satrapy of Armenia (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 or 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎹), a region controlled by the Orontid dynasty (570–201 BC), was one of the satrapies of the Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BC that later became an independent kingdom.

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Sayat-Nova

Sayat-Nova (Armenian: Սայեաթ-Նովայ (сlassical), Սայաթ-Նովա (reformed); საიათნოვა;;; born Harutyun Sayatyan; 14 June 1712 – 22 September 1795) was an Armenian poet, musician and ashugh, who had compositions in a number of languages.

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Scouting and Guiding in Armenia

The Scout and Guide movement in Armenia is served by.

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Seljuk dynasty

The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (سلجوقیان Saljuqian, alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs, also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire." or the Saljuqids, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture in West Asia and Central Asia.

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Seljuk Empire

The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks.

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Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky

Sergey Mikhaylovich Prokudin-Gorsky (a; – September 27, 1944) was a Russian chemist and photographer.

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Shupria

Shubria or Shupria was a kingdom in the southern Armenian highlands, known from Assyrian sources in the first half of the 1st millennium BC.

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Silva Kaputikyan

Silva Kaputikyan (help) (20 January 1919 – 25 August 2006) was an Armenian poet and political activist.

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Sirusho

Siranush Hrachyayi Harutyunyan (born 7 January 1987), known professionally as Sirusho (Սիրուշո), is an Armenian singer and songwriter.

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South Caucasus

The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Syrian civil war

The Syrian civil war is an ongoing multi-sided conflict in Syria involving various state-sponsored and non-state actors.

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System of a Down

System of a Down is an Armenian-American heavy metal band formed in Glendale, California, in 1994.

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Tamaz V. Gamkrelidze

Tamaz Valerianis dze Gamkrelidze (თამაზ ვალერიანის ძე გამყრელიძე; 23 October 1929 – 10 February 2021) was a Georgian linguist, orientalist public benefactor and Hittitologist, Academic (since 1974) and President (2005–2013) of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (GAS), Doctor of Sciences (1963), Professor (1964).

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Tbilisi

Tbilisi (თბილისი), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis, (tr) is the capital and largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of around 1.2 million people.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula.

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Thutmose III

Thutmose III (variously also spelt Tuthmosis or Thothmes), sometimes called Thutmose the Great, was the sixth pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty.

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Tigran Petrosian

Tigran Vartanovich Petrosian (Տիգրան Վարդանի Պետրոսյան; Тигран Вартанович Петросян; 17 June 1929 – 13 August 1984) was a Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaster and the ninth World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969.

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Tigranes the Great

Tigranes II, more commonly known as Tigranes the Great (Tigran Mets in Armenian; Τιγράνης ὁ Μέγας,; Tigranes Magnus; 140 – 55 BC), was a king of Armenia.

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Timurid Empire

The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India and Turkey.

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Tiridates III of Armenia

Tiridates III (–), also known as Tiridates the Great or Tiridates IV, was the Armenian Arsacid king from to.

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Today's Zaman

Today's Zaman (Zaman is Turkish for 'time' or 'age') was an English-language daily newspaper based in Turkey.

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Tondrakians

The Tondrakians (tʻondraketsʻikʻ) were members of an anti-feudal Christian sect that flourished in medieval Armenia between the early 9th and the 11th century, centered on the district of Tondrak north of Lake Van.

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Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR or TSFSR), also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, or simply Transcaucasia, was a republic of the Soviet Union that existed from 1922 to 1936.

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Treaty of Turkmenchay

The Treaty of Turkmenchay (translit; translit) was an agreement between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire, which concluded the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828).

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Treaty of Zuhab

The Treaty of Zuhab (عهدنامه زهاب, Ahadnāmah Zuhab), also called Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin (Kasr-ı Şirin Antlaşması), was an accord signed between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on May 17, 1639.

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Trialeti–Vanadzor culture

The Trialeti–Vanadzor culture, previously known as the Trialeti–Kirovakan culture, is named after the Trialeti region of Georgia and the city of Vanadzor, Armenia.

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Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

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University of California, Los Angeles

The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California, United States.

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University of Southern California

The University of Southern California (USC, SC, Southern Cal) is a private research university in Los Angeles, California, United States.

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Urartu

Urartu (Ուրարտու; Assyrian:,Eberhard Schrader, The Cuneiform inscriptions and the Old Testament (1885), p. 65. Babylonian: Urashtu, אֲרָרָט Ararat) was an Iron Age kingdom centered around Lake Van in the Armenian Highlands.

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Venice

Venice (Venezia; Venesia, formerly Venexia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.

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Vic Darchinyan

Vakhtang "Vic" Darchinyan (Վախթանգ Դարչինյան; born 7 January 1976) is an Armenian former professional boxer who competed from 2000 to 2017.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien; Austro-Bavarian) is the capital, most populous city, and one of nine federal states of Austria.

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Vyacheslav Ivanov (philologist)

Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov (Вячесла́в Все́володович Ива́нов, 21 August 1929 – 7 October 2017) was a prominent Soviet/Russian philologist, semiotician and Indo-Europeanist probably best known for his glottalic theory of Indo-European consonantism and for placing the Indo-European urheimat in the area of the Armenian Highlands and Lake Urmia.

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Western Armenia

Western Armenia (Western Armenian: Արեւմտեան Հայաստան, Arevmdian Hayasdan) is a term to refer to the western parts of the Armenian highlands located within Turkey (formerly the Ottoman Empire) that comprise the historical homeland of the Armenians.

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Western Armenian

Western Armenian is one of the two standardized forms of Modern Armenian, the other being Eastern Armenian.

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Women in Armenia

Women in Armenia have had equal rights, including the right to vote, since the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia.

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World Team Chess Championship

The World Team Chess Championship is an international team chess event, eligible for the participation of 10 countries whose chess federations dominate their continent.

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World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

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Wrestling

Wrestling is a martial art and combat sport that involves grappling with an opponent and striving to obtain a position of advantage through different throws or techniques, within a given ruleset.

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Xenophon

Xenophon of Athens (Ξενοφῶν||; probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian, born in Athens.

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Yamnaya culture

The Yamnaya culture or the Yamna culture, also known as the Pit Grave culture or Ochre Grave culture, is a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age archaeological culture of the region between the Southern Bug, Dniester, and Ural rivers (the Pontic–Caspian steppe), dating to 3300–2600 BCE.

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Yerevan

Yerevan (Երևան; sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities.

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Youri Djorkaeff

Youri Raffi Djorkaeff (born 9 March 1968) is a French former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or forward.

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Zoroastrianism

Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion. Armenians and Zoroastrianism are ethnic groups in the Middle East.

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Zurna

The zurna (Armenian: զուռնա zuṙna; Old Armenian: սուռնայ suṙnay; Albanian: surle/surla; Romanian: surlă; Persian: karna/Kornay/surnay; Macedonian: зурла/сурла zurla/surla; Bulgarian: зурна/зурла; Hungarian: zurna/töröksip; Serbian: зурла/zurla; Assyrian: ܙܘܪܢܐ/zurna; Tat: zurna; Turkish: zurna; Kurdish: zirne; Greek: ζουρνας; Azerbaijani: zurna; Sinhalese: හොරණෑව) is a double reed wind instrument played in the Central Asia, West Asia, the Caucasus, Southeast Europe and parts of North Africa.

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1952 Summer Olympics

The 1952 Summer Olympics (Kesäolympialaiset 1952), officially known as the Games of the XV Olympiad (XV olympiadin kisat), and commonly known as Helsinki 1952 were an international multi-sport event held from 19 July to 3 August 1952 in Helsinki, Finland.

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2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh

Between 19 and 20 September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a large-scale military offensive against the self-declared breakaway state of Artsakh, a move seen as a violation of the ceasefire agreement signed in the aftermath of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020.

See Armenians and 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh

3rd millennium BC

The 3rd millennium BC spanned the years 3000 to 2001 BC.

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See also

Ancient peoples of the Near East

Armenian people

Ethnic groups in Armenia

Indigenous peoples of West Asia

Indo-European peoples

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenians

Also known as Armanian people, Armeenians, Armenian (people), Armenian Origins, Armenian People, Armenian ethnogenesis, Armenian peoples, Ermanians, Ermeni, Ermenians, Ethnic Armenian, Ethnic Armenian people, Ethnic Armenians, Gaij, Hayastanis, Hayer, History of ethnic Armenian people, History of ethnic Armenians, Ormians, People of Armenia, Հայաստանցինէր, Հայեր.

, Armenian National Committee of America, Armenian Quarter, Armenian Relief Society, Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Armenian revolutionary songs, Armenian Sign Language, Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, ArmeniaNow, Armenians in Austria, Armenians in Belgium, Armenians in Bulgaria, Armenians in Egypt, Armenians in Ethiopia, Armenians in France, Armenians in Georgia, Armenians in Germany, Armenians in Greece, Armenians in Hungary, Armenians in India, Armenians in Israel and Palestine, Armenians in Istanbul, Armenians in Italy, Armenians in Lebanon, Armenians in Myanmar, Armenians in Poland, Armenians in Russia, Armenians in Serbia, Armenians in Syria, Armenians in Tbilisi, Armenians in the Middle East, Armenians in the Netherlands, Armenians in Turkey, Armenians in Ukraine, Armenians of Romania, Artaxiad dynasty, Arthur Abraham, Artsakh (historical province), Artvin, Ashot I of Armenia, Ashtarak, Ashurbanipal, Association football, Assyria, Azerbaijan, Şahan Arzruni, Babylon, Babylonia, Bagratuni dynasty, Balkans, Balto-Slavic languages, Bartholomew the Apostle, Basilica, Batumi, BBC World Service, Behistun Inscription, Belus (Assyrian), Big band, Boxing, Bronze Age, Byzantine Armenia, Byzantine Empire, Cairo, Carchemish, Cathedral of Ani, Catholic Church, Caucasus Mountains, Centum and satem languages, Chalybes, Charles Aznavour, Cher, Chess, Chess Olympiad, Christian music, Christianity, Christianization of Armenia, Cilicia, Columbia University Press, Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union), Constantinople, Council of Chalcedon, Crusader states, Darius the Great, David Reich (geneticist), Delfi (web portal), Dhol, Djivan Gasparyan, Duduk, Eastern Anatolia Region, Eastern Armenia, Eastern Armenian, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Edgar Manucharyan, Elizabeth Redgate, Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., Endonym and exonym, Eric P. 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