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84 relations: Abraham Wald, Admissible decision rule, Adrian Smith (statistician), Agent-based model, An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances, Aristotle, Bas van Fraassen, Bayes' theorem, Bayesian inference, Bernoulli trial, Bertrand paradox (probability), Beta distribution, Blinded experiment, Bookmaker, Bruno de Finetti, C. R. Rao, Celestial mechanics, Charles Sanders Peirce, Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy), Cox's theorem, Data, Data analysis, De Finetti's theorem, Decision theory, Duke University, Dutch book, Edwin Thompson Jaynes, Expected utility hypothesis, Falsifiability, Francis Bacon, Frank P. Ramsey, Frequentist inference, Frequentist probability, Functional equation, Haar measure, Harold Jeffreys, Ian Hacking, Inductive reasoning, Interpretations of quantum mechanics, Inverse probability, Jim Berger (statistician), John Maynard Keynes, John von Neumann, José-Miguel Bernardo, Jurisprudence, Karl Popper, Leonard Jimmie Savage, Logic, Machine learning, Markov chain Monte Carlo, ..., Monty Hall problem, Morris H. DeGroot, Null hypothesis, Objectivity (philosophy), Open Court Publishing Company, Optimal decision, Oskar Morgenstern, Peter Gärdenfors, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Posterior probability, Pragmaticism, Principle of bivalence, Principle of indifference, Principle of maximum entropy, Prior probability, Probability interpretations, Propensity probability, Propositional calculus, Quantum Bayesianism, Radical probabilism, Random variable, Reliability (statistics), Richard Jeffrey, Richard Threlkeld Cox, Stanford University Press, Statistical hypothesis testing, Statistical model, Subjectivism, Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, Thomas Bayes, Truth value, Uncertainty, University of Valencia, Well-posed problem. Expand index (34 more) »
Abraham Wald
Abraham Wald (Hungarian: Wald Ábrahám, –) was an American mathematician who contributed to decision theory, geometry, and econometrics, and founded the field of statistical sequential analysis.
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Admissible decision rule
In statistical decision theory, an admissible decision rule is a rule for making a decision such that there is not any other rule that is always "better" than it (or at least sometimes better and never worse), in the precise sense of "better" defined below.
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Adrian Smith (statistician)
Sir Adrian Frederick Melhuish Smith, FRS (born 1946) is a distinguished British statistician and was Principal of Queen Mary, University of London from 1998 to 2008.
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Agent-based model
An agent-based model (ABM) is a class of computational models for simulating the actions and interactions of autonomous agents (both individual or collective entities such as organizations or groups) with a view to assessing their effects on the system as a whole.
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An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances
An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances is a work on the mathematical theory of probability by the Reverend Thomas Bayes, published in 1763, two years after its author's death, and containing multiple amendments and additions due to his friend Richard Price.
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Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs,; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.
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Bas van Fraassen
Bastiaan Cornelis van Fraassen (born 5 April 1941) is a Dutch-American philosopher.
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Bayes' theorem
In probability theory and statistics, Bayes’ theorem (alternatively Bayes’ law or Bayes' rule, also written as Bayes’s theorem) describes the probability of an event, based on prior knowledge of conditions that might be related to the event.
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Bayesian inference
Bayesian inference is a method of statistical inference in which Bayes' theorem is used to update the probability for a hypothesis as more evidence or information becomes available.
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Bernoulli trial
In the theory of probability and statistics, a Bernoulli trial (or binomial trial) is a random experiment with exactly two possible outcomes, "success" and "failure", in which the probability of success is the same every time the experiment is conducted.
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Bertrand paradox (probability)
The Bertrand paradox is a problem within the classical interpretation of probability theory.
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Beta distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by α and β, that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution.
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Blinded experiment
A blind or blinded-experiment is an experiment in which information about the test is masked (kept) from the participant, to reduce or eliminate bias, until after a trial outcome is known.
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Bookmaker
A bookmaker, bookie, or turf accountant is an organization or a person that accepts and pays off bets on sporting and other events at agreed-upon odds.
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Bruno de Finetti
Bruno de Finetti (13 June 1906 – 20 July 1985) was an Italian probabilist statistician and actuary, noted for the "operational subjective" conception of probability.
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C. R. Rao
Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, FRS known as C R Rao (born 10 September 1920) is an Indian-American mathematician and statistician.
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Celestial mechanics
Celestial mechanics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of celestial objects.
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Charles Sanders Peirce
Charles Sanders Peirce ("purse"; 10 September 1839 – 19 April 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism".
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Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)
In a thought experiment proposed by the Italian probabilist Bruno de Finetti in order to justify Bayesian probability, an array of wagers is coherent precisely if it does not expose the wagerer to certain loss regardless of the outcomes of events on which they are wagering, even if their opponent makes the most judicious choices.
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Cox's theorem
Cox's theorem, named after the physicist Richard Threlkeld Cox, is a derivation of the laws of probability theory from a certain set of postulates.
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Data
Data is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables.
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Data analysis
Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making.
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De Finetti's theorem
In probability theory, de Finetti's theorem states that exchangeable observations are conditionally independent relative to some latent variable.
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Decision theory
Decision theory (or the theory of choice) is the study of the reasoning underlying an agent's choices.
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Duke University
Duke University is a private, non-profit, research university located in Durham, North Carolina.
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Dutch book
In gambling, a Dutch book or lock is a set of odds and bets which guarantees a profit, regardless of the outcome of the gamble.
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Edwin Thompson Jaynes
Edwin Thompson Jaynes (July 5, 1922 – April 30, 1998) was the Wayman Crow Distinguished Professor of Physics at Washington University in St. Louis.
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Expected utility hypothesis
In economics, game theory, and decision theory the expected utility hypothesis, concerning people's preferences with regard to choices that have uncertain outcomes (gambles), states that if specific axioms are satisfied, the subjective value associated with an individual's gamble is the statistical expectation of that individual's valuations of the outcomes of that gamble.
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Falsifiability
A statement, hypothesis, or theory has falsifiability (or is falsifiable) if it can logically be proven false by contradicting it with a basic statement.
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Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, (22 January 15619 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author.
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Frank P. Ramsey
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician and economist who made fundamental contributions to abstract algebra before his death at the age of 26.
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Frequentist inference
Frequentist inference is a type of statistical inference that draws conclusions from sample data by emphasizing the frequency or proportion of the data.
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Frequentist probability
Frequentist probability or frequentism is an interpretation of probability; it defines an event's probability as the limit of its relative frequency in a large number of trials.
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Functional equation
In mathematics, a functional equation is any equation in which the unknown represents a function.
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Haar measure
In mathematical analysis, the Haar measure assigns an "invariant volume" to subsets of locally compact topological groups, consequently defining an integral for functions on those groups.
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Harold Jeffreys
Sir Harold Jeffreys, FRS (22 April 1891 – 18 March 1989) was a British mathematician, statistician, geophysicist, and astronomer.
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Ian Hacking
Ian MacDougall Hacking (born February 18, 1936) is a Canadian philosopher specializing in the philosophy of science.
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Inductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning (as opposed to ''deductive'' reasoning or ''abductive'' reasoning) is a method of reasoning in which the premises are viewed as supplying some evidence for the truth of the conclusion.
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Interpretations of quantum mechanics
An interpretation of quantum mechanics is an attempt to explain how concepts in quantum mechanics correspond to reality.
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Inverse probability
In probability theory, inverse probability is an obsolete term for the probability distribution of an unobserved variable.
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Jim Berger (statistician)
James O. Berger (born April 6, 1950 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American statistician best known for his work on Bayesian statistics and decision theory.
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John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes (5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946), was a British economist whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments.
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John von Neumann
John von Neumann (Neumann János Lajos,; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian-American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, and polymath.
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José-Miguel Bernardo
José-Miguel Bernardo (born 12 March 1950) is a Spanish mathematician and statistician.
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Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence or legal theory is the theoretical study of law, principally by philosophers but, from the twentieth century, also by social scientists.
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Karl Popper
Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian-British philosopher and professor.
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Leonard Jimmie Savage
Leonard Jimmie Savage (born Leonard Ogashevitz; 20 November 1917 – 1 November 1971) was an American mathematician and statistician.
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Logic
Logic (from the logikḗ), originally meaning "the word" or "what is spoken", but coming to mean "thought" or "reason", is a subject concerned with the most general laws of truth, and is now generally held to consist of the systematic study of the form of valid inference.
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Machine learning
Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence in the field of computer science that often uses statistical techniques to give computers the ability to "learn" (i.e., progressively improve performance on a specific task) with data, without being explicitly programmed.
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Markov chain Monte Carlo
In statistics, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods comprise a class of algorithms for sampling from a probability distribution.
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Monty Hall problem
The Monty Hall problem is a brain teaser, in the form of a probability puzzle, loosely based on the American television game show Let's Make a Deal and named after its original host, Monty Hall.
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Morris H. DeGroot
Morris Herman DeGroot (June 8, 1931 – November 2, 1989) was an American statistician.
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Null hypothesis
In inferential statistics, the term "null hypothesis" is a general statement or default position that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena, or no association among groups.
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Objectivity (philosophy)
Objectivity is a central philosophical concept, objective means being independent of the perceptions thus objectivity means the property of being independent from the perceptions, which has been variously defined by sources.
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Open Court Publishing Company
The Open Court Publishing Company is a publisher with offices in Chicago and La Salle, Illinois.
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Optimal decision
An optimal decision is a decision that leads to at least as good a known or expected outcome as all other available decision options.
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Oskar Morgenstern
Oskar Morgenstern (January 24, 1902 – July 26, 1977) was a German-born economist.
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Peter Gärdenfors
Björn Peter Gärdenfors (born 21 September 1949) is a professor of cognitive science at the University of Lund, Sweden.
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Pierre-Simon Laplace
Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.
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Posterior probability
In Bayesian statistics, the posterior probability of a random event or an uncertain proposition is the conditional probability that is assigned after the relevant evidence or background is taken into account.
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Pragmaticism
Pragmaticism is a term used by Charles Sanders Peirce for his pragmatic philosophy starting in 1905, in order to distance himself and it from pragmatism, the original name, which had been used in a manner he did not approve of in the "literary journals".
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Principle of bivalence
In logic, the semantic principle (or law) of bivalence states that every declarative sentence expressing a proposition (of a theory under inspection) has exactly one truth value, either true or false.
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Principle of indifference
The principle of indifference (also called principle of insufficient reason) is a rule for assigning epistemic probabilities.
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Principle of maximum entropy
The principle of maximum entropy states that the probability distribution which best represents the current state of knowledge is the one with largest entropy, in the context of precisely stated prior data (such as a proposition that expresses testable information).
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Prior probability
In Bayesian statistical inference, a prior probability distribution, often simply called the prior, of an uncertain quantity is the probability distribution that would express one's beliefs about this quantity before some evidence is taken into account.
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Probability interpretations
The word probability has been used in a variety of ways since it was first applied to the mathematical study of games of chance.
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Propensity probability
The propensity theory of probability is one interpretation of the concept of probability.
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Propositional calculus
Propositional calculus is a branch of logic.
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Quantum Bayesianism
In physics and the philosophy of physics, quantum Bayesianism (QBism) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that takes an agent's actions and experiences as the central concerns of the theory.
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Radical probabilism
Radical probabilism is a doctrine in philosophy, in particular epistemology, and probability theory that holds that no facts are known for certain.
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Random variable
In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is a variable whose possible values are outcomes of a random phenomenon.
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Reliability (statistics)
Reliability in statistics and psychometrics is the overall consistency of a measure.
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Richard Jeffrey
Richard Carl Jeffrey (August 5, 1926 – November 9, 2002) was an American philosopher, logician, and probability theorist.
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Richard Threlkeld Cox
Richard Threlkeld Cox (August 5, 1898 – May 2, 1991) was a professor of physics at Johns Hopkins University, known for Cox's theorem relating to the foundations of probability.
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Stanford University Press
The Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University.
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Statistical hypothesis testing
A statistical hypothesis, sometimes called confirmatory data analysis, is a hypothesis that is testable on the basis of observing a process that is modeled via a set of random variables.
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Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of some sample data and similar data from a larger population.
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Subjectivism
Subjectivism is the doctrine that "our own mental activity is the only unquestionable fact of our experience.", instead of shared or communal, and that there is no external or objective truth.
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Theory of Games and Economic Behavior
Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, published in 1944 by Princeton University Press, is a book by mathematician John von Neumann and economist Oskar Morgenstern which is considered the groundbreaking text that created the interdisciplinary research field of game theory.
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Thomas Bayes
Thomas Bayes (c. 1701 7 April 1761) was an English statistician, philosopher and Presbyterian minister who is known for formulating a specific case of the theorem that bears his name: Bayes' theorem.
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Truth value
In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth.
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Uncertainty
Uncertainty has been called "an unintelligible expression without a straightforward description".
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University of Valencia
The University of Valencia (Universitat de València; also known by the acronym UV) is a university located in the Spanish city of Valencia.
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Well-posed problem
The mathematical term well-posed problem stems from a definition given by Jacques Hadamard.
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Bayesian credibility, Bayesian logic, Bayesian probability theory, Bayesian reasoning, Bayesian theory, Bayesianism, Baysian, Baysian Statistics, Baysian statistics, Degree of belief, Epistemic probability, Metaprobability, Objective Bayesian probability, Personal Probability, Personal probability, PersonalProbability, Subjective bayesian probability, Subjective belief, Subjective probability.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_probability
