Carcinogen and Mutagen

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Difference between Carcinogen and Mutagen

Carcinogen vs. Mutagen

A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer. In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.

Acrylamide

Acrylamide (or acrylic amide) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C3H5NO.

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Aflatoxin

Aflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens that are produced by certain molds (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains.

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Alkylation

Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another.

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Alpha particle

Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.

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Arsenic

Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.

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Bacteria

Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.

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Benzene

Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.

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Benzo(a)pyrene

Benzopyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between and.

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Cadmium

Cadmium is a chemical element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Carcinogen

A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer.

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Chromium

Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.

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DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

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Francis Peyton Rous

Francis Peyton Rous (October 5, 1879 – February 16, 1970) was an American Nobel Prize-winning virologist.

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Gamma ray

A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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Genotoxicity

In genetics, genotoxicity describes the property of chemical agents that damages the genetic information within a cell causing mutations, which may lead to cancer.

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Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori, previously known as Campylobacter pylori, is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium usually found in the stomach.

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Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

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Melanoma

Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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Nitrosamine

Nitrosamines are chemical compounds of the chemical structure R1N(–R2)–N.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).

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Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system.

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Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.

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Radon

Radon is a chemical element with symbol Rn and atomic number 86.

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Rous sarcoma virus

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) is a retrovirus and is the first oncovirus to have been described: it causes sarcoma in chickens.

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Teratology

Teratology is the study of abnormalities of physiological development.

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Ultraviolet

Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.

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Vinyl chloride

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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