Chondrichthyes and Shark

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Difference between Chondrichthyes and Shark

Chondrichthyes vs. Shark

Chondrichthyes (from Greek χονδρ- chondr- 'cartilage', ἰχθύς ichthys 'fish') is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes: they are jawed vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, scales, a heart with its chambers in series, and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone. Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.

Acanthodii

Acanthodii or acanthodians (sometimes called spiny sharks) is a paraphyletic class of extinct teleostome fish, sharing features with both bony fish and cartilaginous fish.

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Ampullae of Lorenzini

The ampullae of Lorenzini are special sensing organs called electroreceptors, forming a network of jelly-filled pores.

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Angelshark

The angelsharks are a group of sharks in the genus Squatina in the family Squatinidae, which are unusual in having flattened bodies and broad pectoral fins that give them a strong resemblance to rays.

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Batoidea

Batoidea is a superorder of cartilaginous fish commonly known as rays.

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Bullhead shark

The bullhead sharks are a small order (Heterodontiformes) of basal modern sharks (Neoselachii).

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Carcharhiniformes

Carcharhiniformes, the ground sharks, with over 270 species, are the largest order of sharks.

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Carpet shark

Carpet sharks are sharks classified in the order Orectolobiformes.

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Cartilage

Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.

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Chimaera

Chimaeras the order Chimaeriformes, known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish (not to be confused with the rattails), spookfish (not to be confused with the true spookfish of the family Opisthoproctidae), or rabbit fish (not to be confused with the family Siganidae).

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Chondrichthyes

Chondrichthyes (from Greek χονδρ- chondr- 'cartilage', ἰχθύς ichthys 'fish') is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes: they are jawed vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, scales, a heart with its chambers in series, and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone.

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Cladodont

This is a typical Cladodont tooth, of a shark called ''Glikmanius'' Cladodont (from Latin cladus, meaning branch and Greek Odon, meaning tooth) is the term for a common category of early Devonian shark known primarily for its "multi-cusped" tooth consisting of one long blade surrounded by many short, fork-like tines, designed to catch food that was swallowed whole, instead of being used to saw off chunks of meat like many modern sharks.

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Cladoselache

Cladoselache is a genus of extinct shark.

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Cladoselachidae

Cladoselachidae is an extinct family of cartilaginous fishes and among the earliest predecessors of modern sharks.

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Clasper

In biology, a clasper is a male anatomical structure found in some groups of animals, used in mating.

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Class (biology)

In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.

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Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event

The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event, also known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) extinction, was a sudden mass extinction of some three-quarters of the plant and animal species on Earth, approximately 66 million years ago.

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Elasmobranchii

Elasmobranchii is a subclass of Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fish, including the sharks (superorder Selachii) and the rays, skates, and sawfish (superorder Batoidea).

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Electroreception

Electroreception or electroception is the biological ability to perceive natural electrical stimuli.

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Eugeneodontida

The Eugeneodontida is an extinct and poorly known order of bizarre cartilaginous fishes.

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Fish

Fish are gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.

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Fish scale

The skin of most fishes is covered with scales, which, in many cases, are animal reflectors or produce animal coloration.

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Frilled shark

The frilled shark (Chlamydoselachus anguineus) is one of two extant species of shark in the family Chlamydoselachidae, with a wide but patchy distribution in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

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Galeomorphii

Galeomorphii is a superorder of cartilaginous fishes which includes all modern sharks except the dogfish and its relatives.

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Gill

A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.

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Gill slit

Gill slits are individual openings to gills, i.e., multiple gill arches, which lack a single outer cover.

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Great white shark

The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), commonly known as the great white or the white shark, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans.

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Hexanchiformes

The Hexanchiformes are the order consisting of the most primitive types of sharks, and numbering just seven extant species.

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Holocephali

The subclass Holocephali ("complete heads") is a taxon of cartilaginous fish in the class Chondrichthyes.

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Hybodontiformes

Hybodontiformes, also called hybodonts, are an extinct subset of Elasmobranchii (sharks, skates and rays) which existed from the Devonian to the Miocene.

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Lamniformes

The Lamniformes (from the Greek word, Lamna "fish of prey") are an order of sharks commonly known as mackerel sharks (which may also refer specifically to the family Lamnidae).

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Lateral line

The lateral line is a system of sense organs found in aquatic vertebrates, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water.

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Megalodon

Megalodon (Carcharocles megalodon), meaning "big tooth", is an extinct species of shark that lived approximately 23 to 2.6 million years ago (mya), during the Early Miocene to the end of the Pliocene.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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Order (biology)

In biological classification, the order (ordo) is.

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Osteichthyes

Osteichthyes, popularly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse taxonomic group of fish that have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue, as opposed to cartilage.

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Oviparity

Oviparous animals are animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother.

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Ovoviviparity

Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, or ovivipary, is a mode of reproduction in animals in which embryos that develop inside eggs remain in the mother's body until they are ready to hatch.

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Sawshark

A sawshark or saw shark is a member of a shark order (Pristiophoriformes) bearing a unique long, saw-like rostrum (snout or bill) edged with sharp teeth, which they use to slash and disable their prey.

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Silurian

The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya.

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Skate (fish)

Skates are cartilaginous fish belonging to the family Rajidae in the superorder Batoidea of rays.

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Sperm

Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").

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Spiracle

Spiracles are openings on the surface of some animals, which usually lead to respiratory systems.

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Squalidae

The Squalidae, also called dogfish sharks or spiny dogfishes, are a family of sharks in the order Squaliformes.

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Squaliformes

The Squaliformes are an order of sharks that includes about 126 species in seven families.

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Squalomorphii

Squalomorphii is a superorder of cartilaginous fishes, generally characterized by lacking traits such as an anal fin, nictitating membrane, or suborbital shelves in the cranium.

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Symmoriida

Symmoriida is an extinct order of ratfish that contains three families.

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Tapetum lucidum

The tapetum lucidum (Latin: "bright tapestry; coverlet", plural tapeta lucida) is a layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrates.

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Teleost

The teleosts or Teleostei (Greek: teleios, "complete" + osteon, "bone") are by far the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and make up 96% of all extant species of fish.

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Vertebrate

Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).

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Viviparity

Among animals, viviparity is development of the embryo inside the body of the parent, eventually leading to live birth, as opposed to reproduction by laying eggs that complete their incubation outside the parental body.

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Xenacanthida

Xenacanthida (or Xenacanthiforms) is an order of prehistoric sharks that appeared during the Lower Carboniferous period.

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