Table of Contents
470 relations: Abactochromis, Acaronia, Adaptive radiation, Aequidens, Africa, Albert Günther, Albinism, Alcolapia, Algae, Allopatric speciation, Alticorpus, Alticorpus macrocleithrum, Altolamprologus, Amatitlania, Amazon River, Amphilophus, Amphilophus citrinellus, Amphilophus labiatus, Amphilophus zaliosus, Andinoacara, Anomalochromis, Antilles, Apistogramma, Apistogrammoides, Apoyo Lagoon Natural Reserve, Aquaculture, Argentina, Aristochromis, Artisanal fishing, Asia, Astatoreochromis, Astatotilapia, Astatotilapia burtoni, Astatotilapia flaviijosephi, Astronotinae, Astronotus, Aulonocara, Aulonocranus, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Australoheros, Autogamy, Baileychromis centropomoides, Barrier island, Bathybates, Bathybatini, Benitochromis, Benthochromis, Binomial nomenclature, Biological pigment, Biotodoma, ... Expand index (420 more) »
- Cichlidae
- Cichliformes
- Extant Lutetian first appearances
Abactochromis
Abactochromis is a monotypic genus of cichlid fish containing the single species Abactochromis labrosus (formerly known as Melanochromis labrosus).
Acaronia
Acaronia is a small genus of cichlids found in the Amazon, Orinoco and other basins in northern South America.
Adaptive radiation
In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, alters biotic interactions or opens new environmental niches.
See Cichlid and Adaptive radiation
Aequidens
Aequidens is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae found in South America.
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.
Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3October 18301February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist.
See Cichlid and Albert Günther
Albinism
Albinism is the congenital absence of melanin in an animal or plant resulting in white hair, feathers, scales and skin and reddish pink or blue eyes.
Alcolapia
Alcolapia is a genus of small fishes in the family Cichlidae.
Algae
Algae (alga) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms.
Allopatric speciation
Allopatric speciation – also referred to as geographic speciation, vicariant speciation, or its earlier name the dumbbell model – is a mode of speciation that occurs when biological populations become geographically isolated from each other to an extent that prevents or interferes with gene flow.
See Cichlid and Allopatric speciation
Alticorpus
Alticorpus is a small genus of cichlids endemic to the deep waters of Lake Malawi in Africa.
Alticorpus macrocleithrum
Alticorpus macrocleithrum is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Alticorpus macrocleithrum
Altolamprologus
Altolamprologus is a small genus of pseudocrenilabrine cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in eastern Africa. Cichlid and Altolamprologus are fishkeeping.
See Cichlid and Altolamprologus
Amatitlania
Amatitlania is a genus of cichlid fishes native to freshwater habitats in Central America from El Salvador and Guatemala to Panama.
Amazon River
The Amazon River (Río Amazonas, Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the longest or second-longest river system in the world, a title which is disputed with the Nile. The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century the Amazon basin's most distant source until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru.
Amphilophus
Amphilophus is a genus of cichlid fishes from Central America, ranging from southern Mexico to Panama.
Amphilophus citrinellus
Amphilophus citrinellus is a large cichlid fish endemic to the San Juan River and adjacent watersheds in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
See Cichlid and Amphilophus citrinellus
Amphilophus labiatus
Amphilophus labiatus is a large cichlid fish endemic to Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua in Central America.
See Cichlid and Amphilophus labiatus
Amphilophus zaliosus
Amphilophus zaliosus is a species of cichlid that inhabits Lake Apoyo in Nicaragua.
See Cichlid and Amphilophus zaliosus
Andinoacara
Andinoacara is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae.
Anomalochromis
Anomalochromis is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae, containing the single species Anomalochromis thomasi, the African butterfly cichlid.
See Cichlid and Anomalochromis
Antilles
The Antilles is an archipelago bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the south and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the northwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north and east.
Apistogramma
Apistogramma is a large genus of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae native to South America, but also commonly kept in aquariums.
Apistogrammoides
Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis is a South American dwarf cichlid that reaches up to in standard length.
See Cichlid and Apistogrammoides
Apoyo Lagoon Natural Reserve
Laguna de Apoyo Nature Reserve (Spanish: Reserva Natural Laguna de Apoyo) is a nature reserve located between the departments of Masaya and Granada in Nicaragua.
See Cichlid and Apoyo Lagoon Natural Reserve
Aquaculture
Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture), also known as aquafarming, is the controlled cultivation ("farming") of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, algae and other organisms of value such as aquatic plants (e.g. lotus).
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.
Aristochromis
Aristochromis christyi is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae, which is endemic to Lake Malawi in Africa.
Artisanal fishing
Artisanal fishing (or traditional/subsistence fishing) consists of various small-scale, low-technology, low-capital, fishing practices undertaken by individual fisherman (as opposed to commercial fishing).
See Cichlid and Artisanal fishing
Asia
Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.
See Cichlid and Asia
Astatoreochromis
Astatoreochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to riverine habitats in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Astatoreochromis
Astatotilapia
Astatotilapia is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae found in Eastern and Northern Africa, with a single species, A. flaviijosephi, in Western Asia (the only non-African haplochromine). Cichlid and Astatotilapia are Cichlidae.
Astatotilapia burtoni
Astatotilapia burtoni is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Astatotilapia burtoni
Astatotilapia flaviijosephi
Astatotilapia flaviijosephi, the Jordan mouthbrooder, is a vulnerable species of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae (cichlids).
See Cichlid and Astatotilapia flaviijosephi
Astronotinae
The Astronotinae are a subfamily of cichlids from South America, where they are found in the Amazon, Orinoco, Paraná, and Paraguay River basins, and various rivers in the Guianas. Cichlid and Astronotinae are Cichlidae.
Astronotus
Astronotus is a genus of South American fish from the family Cichlidae.
Aulonocara
Aulonocara is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Aulonocranus
Aulonocranus dewindti is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika and some rivers which flow into it.
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), is the national broadcaster of Australia.
See Cichlid and Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Australoheros
Australoheros is a fish genus in the cichlid family.
Autogamy
Autogamy or self-fertilization refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual.
Baileychromis centropomoides
Baileychromis centropomoides is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
See Cichlid and Baileychromis centropomoides
Barrier island
Barrier islands are a coastal landform, a type of dune system and sand island, where an area of sand has been formed by wave and tidal action parallel to the mainland coast.
See Cichlid and Barrier island
Bathybates
Bathybates is a genus of piscivorous cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Bathybatini
Bathybatini is a tribe of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Benitochromis
Benitochromis is a small genus of cichlid fishes that are endemic to riverine and lake habitats in Middle Africa (Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea, including the island of Bioko).
Benthochromis
Benthochromis is a small genus of planktivorous cichlid fish that are endemic to relatively deep waters in Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Binomial nomenclature
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.
See Cichlid and Binomial nomenclature
Biological pigment
Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.
See Cichlid and Biological pigment
Biotodoma
Biotodoma is a small genus of cichlids native to rivers in the Amazon, Orinoco and Essequibo basins in South America.
Biotoecus
Biotoecus is a fish genus of cichlids from northern South America where one species (B. dicentrarchus) is found in the Orinoco Basin and the other (B. opercularis) occurs in the northern part of the Amazon Basin.
Blackchin tilapia
The blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) is a species of cichlid native to coastal west Africa.
See Cichlid and Blackchin tilapia
Blood parrot cichlid
The Blood Parrot Cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus × Vieja melanurus), or parrot cichlid, is a hybrid species of fish in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Blood parrot cichlid
Brackish water
Brackish water, sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater.
See Cichlid and Brackish water
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and Latin America.
Buccochromis
Buccochromis is a genus of relatively large haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi and the upper Shire River in East Africa.
Bujurquina
Bujurquina is a genus of cichlid fish endemic to South America.
Callochromis
Callochromis is a genus of cichlids native to shallow, sandy bottom areas of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Caprichromis
Caprichromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Caquetaia
Caquetaia is a small genus of cichlid fishes from tropical South America.
Cardiopharynx schoutedeni
Cardiopharynx schoutedeni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Cardiopharynx schoutedeni
Caribbean
The Caribbean (el Caribe; les Caraïbes; de Caraïben) is a subregion of the Americas that includes the Caribbean Sea and its islands, some of which are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some of which border both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean; the nearby coastal areas on the mainland are sometimes also included in the region.
Carl H. Eigenmann
Carl Henry Eigenmann (March 9, 1863 – April 24, 1927) was a German-American ichthyologist of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, who, along with his wife Rosa Smith Eigenmann, and his zoology students is credited with identifying and describing for the first time 195 genera containing nearly 600 species of fishes of North America and South America.
See Cichlid and Carl H. Eigenmann
Carnivore
A carnivore, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or "flesh" and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements are met by the consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging.
Central America
Central America is a subregion of North America.
See Cichlid and Central America
Centrarchidae
Centrarchidae, better known as sunfishes, is a family of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the order Perciformes (formerly belonging to the deprecated order Centrarchiformes), native only to North America.
Chaetobranchini
Chaetobranchini is a tribe of the subfamily Cichlinae, the American cichlids.
See Cichlid and Chaetobranchini
Chaetobranchopsis
Chaetobranchopsis is a small genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they are found in the Amazon, Paraná and Paraguay river basins.
See Cichlid and Chaetobranchopsis
Chaetobranchus
Chaetobranchus is a small genus of cichlid fishes from South America where they are native to the Amazon Basin, Orinoco Basin and rivers in the Guianas.
See Cichlid and Chaetobranchus
Chalinochromis
Chalinochromis is a small cichlid genus from the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae.
See Cichlid and Chalinochromis
Champsochromis
Champsochromis is a small genus of cichlid fishes endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa.
See Cichlid and Champsochromis
Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon.
See Cichlid and Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Tate Regan
Charles Tate Regan FRS (1 February 1878 – 12 January 1943) was a British ichthyologist, working mainly around the beginning of the 20th century.
See Cichlid and Charles Tate Regan
Cheilochromis
Cheilochromis is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family.
Chetia
Chetia is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to riverine habitats in southern Africa, as well as the Congo River Basin.
Chiclets
Chiclets is an American brand of candy-coated chewing gum manufactured by Perfetti Van Melle.
Chilochromis
Chilochromis duponti is a species of cichlid endemic to riverine habitats in the Chiloango River basin of Cabinda Province of Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Kouilou-Niari River and lower Loeme River in the Republic of Congo, and the Nyanga basin and upper Ngounie River which is part of the Ogooué system in Gabon.
Chilotilapia
Chilotilapia is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family.
Chromidotilapia
Chromidotilapia is a genus of cichlid fishes.
See Cichlid and Chromidotilapia
Chromidotilapia guntheri
Chromidotilapia guntheri, or Günther's mouthbrooder, is a cichlid from Africa.
See Cichlid and Chromidotilapia guntheri
Chromidotilapiini
Chromidotilapiini is a tribe of small cichlids from tropical West and Middle Africa.
See Cichlid and Chromidotilapiini
Cichla ocellaris
Cichla ocellaris, sometimes known as the butterfly peacock bass ("peacock bass" is also used for some of its relatives), is a very large species of cichlid from South America, and a prized game fish.
See Cichlid and Cichla ocellaris
Cichlasoma
Cichlasoma is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family.
Cichlasomatinae
The Cichlasomatinae are a subfamily of cichlid fishes, including all cichlids native to the Greater Antilles (Cuba and Hispaniola), United States (southern Texas), Mexico and Central America, and many of the cichlids from South America (the other South American subfamilies are Astronotinae, Cichlinae, Geophaginae, and Retroculinae). Cichlid and Cichlasomatinae are Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Cichlasomatinae
Cichlasomatini
Cichlastomatini is a tribe of cichlids from South America, one of two tribes that make up the subfamily Cichlasomatinae.
See Cichlid and Cichlasomatini
Cichliformes
Cichliformes is an order of fishes.
Cichlinae
The Cichlinae are a subfamily of fishes in the cichlid family, native to Central and South America. Cichlid and Cichlinae are Cichlidae.
Coelotilapia joka
Coelotilapia joka is a vulnerable species of cichlid fish from rivers in Sierra Leone and Liberia in West Africa.
See Cichlid and Coelotilapia joka
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third-largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around.
Congochromis
Congochromis is a genus of small cichlids native to river basins in Middle Africa.
Congolapia
Congolapia is a genus of cichlids native to Africa and found only in the basin of the Congo River.
Convict cichlid
The convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) is a fish species from the family Cichlidae, native to Central America, also known as the zebra cichlid.
See Cichlid and Convict cichlid
Copadichromis
Copadichromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa.
Coptodon
Coptodon is a genus of cichlids native to fresh, brackish and coastal marine waters in Africa with C. zillii also found in the Middle East.
Corematodus
Corematodus is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids native to the Lake Malawi basin in Africa.
Crenicara
Crenicara is a small genus of cichlid fishes native to creeks and rivers in the Amazon and Essequibo basins in South America.
Crenicichla
Crenicichla is a genus of cichlids native to South America commonly known as the pike cichlids.
Critically Endangered
An IUCN Red List Critically Endangered (CR or sometimes CE) species is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
See Cichlid and Critically Endangered
Cryptoheros
Cryptoheros is a genus of small cichlid fishes from Central America and southeast Mexico.
Ctenochromis
Ctenochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to the Lake Tanganyika and Congo River basins in Africa.
Ctenopharynx
Ctenopharynx is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids from East Africa.
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, archipelagos, 4,195 islands and cays surrounding the main island.
See Cichlid and Cuba
Cunningtonia
Cunningtonia longiventralis is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it is found near rocky shores.
Cyathochromis obliquidens
Cyathochromis obliquidens is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa where it is found in shallow, vegetated waters from depth.
See Cichlid and Cyathochromis obliquidens
Cyclidia
Cyclidia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Cyclidiinae.
Cyclopharynx
Cyclopharynx is a small genus of two species of cichlid fish.
Cynotilapia
Cynotilapia is a genus of haplochromine cichlids.
Cyperus papyrus
Cyperus papyrus, better known by the common names papyrus, papyrus sedge, paper reed, Indian matting plant, or Nile grass, is a species of aquatic flowering plant belonging to the sedge family Cyperaceae.
See Cichlid and Cyperus papyrus
Cyphotilapia
Cyphotilapia is a small genus of African cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika, with C. frontosa being roughly confined to the northern half of the lake and C. gibberosa roughly to the southern half.Takahashi, T. and K. Nakaya (2003). New species of Cyphotilapia (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika, Africa.
Cyprichromini
Cyprichromini is a tribe of African cichlids, containing seven species in two genera: Cyprichromis and Paracyprichromis.
Cyprichromis
Cyprichromis is a genus of cichlids with five species.
Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family, including the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives the barbs and barbels, among others.
Cyrtocara
Cyrtocara moorii, commonly known as the hump-head, is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa where they prefer areas with sandy substrates.
Danakilia
Danakilia is a genus of cichlids native to northeastern Africa where they are only known from saline lakes, rivers and creeks in the Danakil Depression of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Danakilia dinicolai
Danakilia dinicolai is a species of cichlid endemic to the saline Lake Abaeded in Eritrea.
See Cichlid and Danakilia dinicolai
Deforestation
Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use.
Dentition
Dentition pertains to the development of teeth and their arrangement in the mouth.
Detritivore
Detritivores (also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders or detritus eaters) are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces).
Dichotomy
A dichotomy is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets).
Dicrossus
Dicrossus is a genus of small cichlid fishes native to rivers in the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America.
Dimidiochromis
Dimidiochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Dimidiochromis
Diplotaxodon
Diplotaxodon is a small genus of seven formally described, as well as a number of undescribed, deep-water species of cichlid fish endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa.
Discus (fish)
Symphysodon (colloquially known as discus or discus fish) is a genus of cichlids native to the Amazon river basin in Brazil.
Divandu
Divandu albimarginatus is a species of cichlid native to the Republic of Congo and Gabon in Africa.
DNA sequencing
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA.
See Cichlid and DNA sequencing
Docimodus
Docimodus is a small genus of cichlids native to east Africa where they are found in Lake Malawi and one species (D. johnstoni) also occurs in Lake Malombe and the upper Shire River.
Dominance (genetics)
In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant (allele) of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.
See Cichlid and Dominance (genetics)
Dominance hierarchy
In the zoological field of ethology, a dominance hierarchy (formerly and colloquially called a pecking order) is a type of social hierarchy that arises when members of animal social groups interact, creating a ranking system.
See Cichlid and Dominance hierarchy
Dwarf cichlid
Dwarf cichlid is a term used by fishkeeping hobbyists to describe an arbitrary assemblage of small-sized fish from the family Cichlidae. Cichlid and Dwarf cichlid are Cichlidae.
East Africa
East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the African continent, distinguished by its geographical, historical, and cultural landscape.
East African Rift
The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa.
See Cichlid and East African Rift
Eclectochromis
Eclectochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
See Cichlid and Eclectochromis
Ectodini
Ectodini is a tribe of cichlids that are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Ectodus
Ectodus descampsii is a species of cichlid fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it prefers areas with substrates of coarse sand.
Egg
An egg is an organic vessel grown by an animal to carry a possibly fertilized egg cell (a zygote) and to incubate from it an embryo within the egg until the embryo has become an animal fetus that can survive on its own, at which point the animal hatches.
See Cichlid and Egg
Endangered species
An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction.
See Cichlid and Endangered species
Enigmatochromis lucanusi
Enigmatochromis lucanusi is a species of cichlid known only from the Foto River, an affluent of The Konkouré River near Fria, Guinea.
See Cichlid and Enigmatochromis lucanusi
Eretmodini
Eretmodini is a tribe of African cichlids.
Eretmodus
Eretmodus is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Eritrea
Eritrea (or; Ertra), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara.
Ernst Ahl
Christoph Gustav Ernst Ahl (1 September 1898 – 14 February 1945) was a German zoologist, born in Berlin.
Ethelwynn Trewavas
Ethelwynn Trewavas (5 November 1900 – 16 August 1993) was an ichthyologist at the British Museum of Natural History.
See Cichlid and Ethelwynn Trewavas
Etia nguti
Etia nguti is a species of cichlid fish endemic to Cameroon in Central Africa where it is only known from the Nguti River (Ehumbve river), a tributary of the Cross-Manyu River. Cichlid and Etia nguti are Cichlidae.
Etroplinae
Etroplinae is a subfamily in the cichlid family of fishes. Cichlid and Etroplinae are Cichlidae.
Etroplus
Etroplus is a small genus of cichlids native to southern India and Sri Lanka.
Euryhaline
Euryhaline organisms are able to adapt to a wide range of salinities.
Extinct in the wild
A species that is extinct in the wild (EW) is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as only consisting of living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.
See Cichlid and Extinct in the wild
Facultative
Facultative means "optional" or "discretionary" (antonym obligate), used mainly in biology in phrases such as.
Family (biology)
Family (familia,: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.
See Cichlid and Family (biology)
Featherfin cichlid
The featherfin cichlid (Cyathopharynx furcifer) is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is found off rocky slopes.
See Cichlid and Featherfin cichlid
Fish
A fish (fish or fishes) is an aquatic, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fins and a hard skull, but lacking limbs with digits.
See Cichlid and Fish
Fish fin
Fins are moving appendages protruding from the body of fish that interact with water to generate thrust and help the fish swim.
Fish jaw
Most bony fishes have two sets of jaws made mainly of bone.
FishBase
FishBase is a global species database of fish species (specifically finfish).
Fishes of the World
Fishes of the World is a standard reference for the systematics of fishes.
See Cichlid and Fishes of the World
Fishkeeping
Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.
Florida
Florida is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States.
Flowerhorn cichlid
Flowerhorn cichlids are ornamental aquarium fish noted for their vivid colors and the distinctively shaped heads for which they are named. Cichlid and Flowerhorn cichlid are Cichlidae and fishkeeping.
See Cichlid and Flowerhorn cichlid
Food chain
A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web, often starting with an autotroph (such as grass or algae), also called a producer, and typically ending at an apex predator (such as grizzly bears or killer whales), detritivore (such as earthworms and woodlice), or decomposer (such as fungi or bacteria).
Fossorochromis rostratus
Fossorochromis rostratus is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Fossorochromis rostratus
Franz Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist.
See Cichlid and Franz Steindachner
Freshwater aquarium
A freshwater aquarium is a receptacle that holds one or more freshwater aquatic organisms for decorative, pet-keeping, or research purposes. Cichlid and freshwater aquarium are fishkeeping.
See Cichlid and Freshwater aquarium
Genus
Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.
Genyochromis mento
Genyochromis mento is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Genyochromis mento
Geophagini
Geophagini is a tribe of cichlids from the subfamily Cichlinae, the American cichlids.
Geophagus
Geophagus is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, G. crassilabris is from Panama.
Geophagus altifrons
Geophagus altifrons are a freshwater eartheater cichlid, native to the Amazon River Basin, Brazil.
See Cichlid and Geophagus altifrons
George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians.
See Cichlid and George Albert Boulenger
George S. Myers
George Sprague Myers (February 2, 1905 – November 4, 1985) was an American ichthyologist who spent most of his career at Stanford University.
See Cichlid and George S. Myers
Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology".
See Cichlid and Georges Cuvier
Gephyrochromis
Gephyrochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa.
See Cichlid and Gephyrochromis
Giant cichlid
The giant cichlid (Boulengerochromis microlepis), also known as the emperor cichlid, is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae, endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Giant haplochromis
The giant haplochromis (Hemitilapia oxyrhyncha) is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi and Lake Malombe, preferring areas with sandy substrates and Vallisneria patches.
See Cichlid and Giant haplochromis
Gnathochromis
Gnathochromis is a small genus of cichlid fish endemic to the Lake Tanganyika basin in East Africa.
Gobiocichla
Gobiocichla is a small genus of rheophilic cichlids native to the Cross (Manyu) and Niger Rivers in Africa.
Gondwana
Gondwana was a large landmass, sometimes referred to as a supercontinent.
Grammatotria
Grammatotria lemairii is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it prefers areas with sandy substrates.
Green chromide
The green chromide (Etroplus suratensis) is a species of cichlid fish that is native to fresh and brackish water habitats in some parts in India such as Kerala, Goa, Chilika Lake in Odisha and Sri Lanka.
See Cichlid and Green chromide
Greenwoodochromis
Greenwoodochromis is a small genus of cichlid fish that are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
See Cichlid and Greenwoodochromis
Guianacara
Guianacara is a small genus of cichlid fish endemic to freshwater habitats in the Guiana Shield in South America.
Gymnogeophagus
Gymnogeophagus is a genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they are known from various river basins (notably Rio de la Plata and Lagoa dos Patos–Mirim) in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina.
See Cichlid and Gymnogeophagus
Han Nijssen
Han Nijssen (1935– 2013) at the UvA Album academicum was a Dutch ichthyologist.
Haplochromine
The haplochromine cichlids are a tribe of cichlids in subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae called Haplochromini.
Haplochromis
Haplochromis is a ray-finned fish genus in the family Cichlidae.
Haplochromis aelocephalus
Haplochromis aelocephalus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria, but has not been seen since 1985.
See Cichlid and Haplochromis aelocephalus
Haplochromis apogonoides
Haplochromis apogonoides is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria, but has not been seen since 1983.
See Cichlid and Haplochromis apogonoides
Haplochromis argens
Haplochromis argens is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria where it is only known from the Tanzanian portion.
See Cichlid and Haplochromis argens
Haplochromis dentex
Haplochromis dentex is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria, but has not been seen since 1987.
See Cichlid and Haplochromis dentex
Haplochromis dichrourus
Haplochromis dichrourus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria, but has not been seen since 1986.
See Cichlid and Haplochromis dichrourus
Haplotaxodon
Haplotaxodon is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Hawaii
Hawaii (Hawaii) is an island state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland.
Hemibates
Hemibates is a genus of cichlid from the tribe Bathybatini of the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae.
Hemichromini
Hemichromini is a tribe of African cichlids.
Hemitaeniochromis
Hemitaeniochromis is a small genus of cichlid fishes endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa.
See Cichlid and Hemitaeniochromis
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.
Herichthys
Herichthys is a genus of cichlid fishes native to North and Central America.
Heroina isonycterina
Heroina isonycterina, also known as the bujurqui, is a species of cichlid native to tropical Amazonian rivers of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
See Cichlid and Heroina isonycterina
Heroini
Heroini is a fish tribe from the Cichlasomatinae subfamily in the family Cichlidae (cichlids). Cichlid and Heroini are Extant Lutetian first appearances.
Heros (fish)
Heros is a genus of cichlids native to the Amazon, Orinoco and Essequibo River basins in South America.
Heterochromis
Heterochromis is a genus of cichlid fish in the order Perciformes. Cichlid and Heterochromis are Cichlidae.
Heterotilapia
Heterotilapia is a genus of cichlid fish that are native to rivers from Guinea-Bissau to Liberia in tropical West Africa. Cichlid and Heterotilapia are Cichlidae.
Hispaniola
Hispaniola (also) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles.
Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.
Hoplarchus
Hoplarchus is a genus of cichlid in the tribe Heroini.
Hybrid (biology)
In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction.
See Cichlid and Hybrid (biology)
Hybrid swarm
A hybrid swarm is a population of hybrids that has survived beyond the initial hybrid generation, with interbreeding between hybrid individuals and backcrossing with its parent types.
Hypersaline lake
A hypersaline lake is a landlocked body of water that contains significant concentrations of sodium chloride, brines, and other salts, with saline levels surpassing those of ocean water (3.5%, i.e.). Specific microbial species can thrive in high-salinity environments that are inhospitable to most lifeforms, including some that are thought to contribute to the colour of pink lakes.
See Cichlid and Hypersaline lake
Hypselecara
Hypselecara is a small genus of cichlids native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America.
Hypsophrys
Hypsophrys is a small genus of cichlid fishes from Central America.
Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.
India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
Insect
Insects (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta.
International Herald Tribune
The International Herald Tribune (IHT) was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France, for international English-speaking readers.
See Cichlid and International Herald Tribune
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
See Cichlid and International Union for Conservation of Nature
Interochromis loocki
Interochromis loocki is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Interochromis loocki
Introduced species
An introduced species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species is a species living outside its native distributional range, but which has arrived there by human activity, directly or indirectly, and either deliberately or accidentally.
See Cichlid and Introduced species
Invertebrate
Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.
Iodotropheus
Iodotropheus is a small genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa.
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
See Cichlid and Iran
Iranocichla
Iranocichla is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae found in fresh and brackish waters in southern Iran.
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.
Jacques Pellegrin
Jacques Pellegrin (12 June 1873 – 12 August 1944) was a French zoologist.
See Cichlid and Jacques Pellegrin
Jewel cichlid
Hemichromis is a genus of fishes from the cichlid family, known in the aquarium trade as jewel cichlids. Cichlid and jewel cichlid are fishkeeping.
Johann Jakob Heckel
Johann Jakob Heckel (23 January 1790 – 1 March 1857) was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim in the Electoral Palatinate.
See Cichlid and Johann Jakob Heckel
Johann Jakob Kaup
Johann Jakob von Kaup (10 April 1803 – 4 July 1873) was a German naturalist.
See Cichlid and Johann Jakob Kaup
Journal of Biogeography
The Journal of Biogeography is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in biogeography that was established in 1974.
See Cichlid and Journal of Biogeography
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
The Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1980 by Jiri Zidek (University of Oklahoma).
See Cichlid and Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
Julidochromis
Julidochromis is a genus of cichlids in the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae. Cichlid and Julidochromis are fishkeeping.
Juvenile (organism)
A juvenile is an individual organism (especially an animal) that has not yet reached its adult form, sexual maturity or size.
See Cichlid and Juvenile (organism)
Katria
Katria is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family.
Keyhole cichlid
The keyhole cichlid (Cleithracara maronii) is a cichlid fish endemic to tropical South America, occurring in the lower Orinoco Basin in Venezuela and river basins in The Guianas.
See Cichlid and Keyhole cichlid
Konia (fish)
Konia is a small genus of critically endangered cichlids endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in western Cameroon.
Krobia (fish)
Krobia is a genus of cichlid fish native to freshwater habitats in South America, with three species found in the Guianas and a single in the Xingu River basin.
Labeotropheus
Labeotropheus is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae endemic to Lake Malawi in eastern Africa. Cichlid and Labeotropheus are fishkeeping.
Labidochromis
Labidochromis is a genus of cichlid fish that are endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Labroidei
The Labroidei are a suborder of the Perciformes, the largest order of fish.
Laetacara
Laetacara is a small genus of cichlids native to freshwater habitats in tropical and subtropical South America, ranging from the upper Orinoco River basin in Venezuela to the Paraná River basin Argentina.
Lake Edward
Lake Edward (locally Rwitanzigye or Rweru) is one of the smaller African Great Lakes.
Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.
Lake Malawi National Park
Lake Malawi National Park is a national park at the southern end of Lake Malawi in Malawi, Southeast Africa.
See Cichlid and Lake Malawi National Park
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika (Ikiyaga ca Tanganyika) is an African Great Lake.
See Cichlid and Lake Tanganyika
Lake Victoria
Lake Victoria is one of the African Great Lakes.
Lamprologini
Lamprologini is a tribe of African cichlid fishes.
Lamprologus
Lamprologus is a genus of fishes from the cichlid family.
Lamprologus lethops
Lamprologus lethops is a species of cichlid fish from areas with fast current in the Congo River in Central Africa, where it is believed to live in depths as great as or below the surface.
See Cichlid and Lamprologus lethops
Larva
A larva (larvae) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage.
Lateral line
The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water.
Lebanon
Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.
Lepidiolamprologus
Lepidiolamprologus is a small genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in eastern Africa.
See Cichlid and Lepidiolamprologus
Lepidophagy
Lepidophagy is a specialised feeding behaviour in fish that involves eating the scales of other fish. Cichlid and Lepidophagy are Cichlidae.
Lestradea
Lestradea is a genus of East African cichlids from the Lake Tanganyikan endemic tribe Ectodini.
Lethrinops
Lethrinops is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Leucism
Leucism is a wide variety of conditions that result in partial loss of pigmentation in an animal—causing white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales, or cuticles, but not the eyes.
Limbochromis
Limbochromis robertsi is a species of cichlid endemic to Ghana where it is found in the upper reaches of the Pra River Basin.
Limnochromini
Limnochromini is a tribe of African cichlids from Lake Tanganyika.
Limnochromis
Limnochromis is a small genus of cichlid fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
Limnotilapia dardennii
Limnotilapia dardennii, the latticed cichlid, is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika, where it prefers rocky areas near the coast.
See Cichlid and Limnotilapia dardennii
Lobochilotes
Lobochilotes labiatus is a species of fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika.
Locus (genetics)
In genetics, a locus (loci) is a specific, fixed position on a chromosome where a particular gene or genetic marker is located.
See Cichlid and Locus (genetics)
Louis Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history.
Maastrichtian
The Maastrichtian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series, the Cretaceous Period or System, and of the Mesozoic Era or Erathem.
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar and the Fourth Republic of Madagascar, is an island country comprising the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands.
Malawi gar
The Malawi gar (Lichnochromis acuticeps) is a species of predatory cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi.
Malaysia
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia.
Mandible
In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla).
Mango tilapia
The mango tilapia (Sarotherodon galilaeus) is a species of fish from the cichlid family that is native to fresh and brackish waters in Africa and the Levant.
Mangrove
A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline or brackish water.
Marsh
In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.
Max Poll
Max Fernand Leon Poll (21 July 1908 in Ruisbroek – 13 March 1991 in Uccle) was a Belgian ichthyologist who specialised in the Cichlidae.
Mayaheros urophthalmus
Mayaheros urophthalmus, also known as the Mayan cichlid or Mexican mojarra is a species of cichlid.
See Cichlid and Mayaheros urophthalmus
Maylandia
Maylandia or Metriaclima is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Maylandia lombardoi
Maylandia lombardoi, is a long freshwater fish from the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Maylandia lombardoi
Mazarunia
Mazarunia is a genus of cichlids from the Mazaruni River, a tributary of the Essequibo River in Guyana.
Mbuna
Mbuna (pronounced Mmm-boo-nah) is the common name for a large group of African cichlids from Lake Malawi, and are members of the haplochromine family.
Mchenga
Mchenga is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Melanochromis
Melanochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa.
Mesonauta
Mesonauta, the flag cichlids, is a small genus of cichlids native to the Amazon, Orinoco, Essequibo, Paraná and Paraguay basins in South America.
Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.
Microchromis
Microchromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids which are endemic to Lake Malawi.
Mikrogeophagus
Mikrogeophagus is a genus of cichlids native to the Llanos wetlands (Orinoco basin) and Guaporé–Mamoré river system (southern Amazon basin) in tropical South America.
See Cichlid and Mikrogeophagus
Molecular clock
The molecular clock is a figurative term for a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged.
See Cichlid and Molecular clock
Molecular ecology
Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological questions (e.g., species diagnosis, conservation and assessment of biodiversity, species-area relationships, and many questions in behavioral ecology).
See Cichlid and Molecular ecology
Monogamy in animals
Monogamous pairing in animals refers to the natural history of mating systems in which species pair bond to raise offspring.
See Cichlid and Monogamy in animals
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of taxa which meets these criteria.
Mouthbrooder
Mouthbrooding, also known as oral incubation and buccal incubation, is the care given by some groups of animals to their offspring by holding them in the mouth of the parent for extended periods of time.
Mozambique Channel
The Mozambique Channel (Canal du Mozambique, Lakandranon'i Mozambika, Canal de Moçambique) is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique.
See Cichlid and Mozambique Channel
Mozambique tilapia
The Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is an oreochromine cichlid fish native to southeastern Africa.
See Cichlid and Mozambique tilapia
Mutation
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.
Myaka
The myaka (Myaka myaka) is a critically endangered species of cichlid endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in western Cameroon.
Mylochromis
Mylochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa.
Naevochromis chrysogaster
Naevochromis chrysogaster is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it prefers areas with rocky substrates.
See Cichlid and Naevochromis chrysogaster
Nandopsis
Nandopsis is a small genus of cichlid fishes found in lakes, streams and rivers in Cuba and Hispaniola.
Nannacara
Nannacara is a genus of small freshwater cichlid fish endemic to South America.
Nanochromis
Nanochromis is a genus of small cichlids endemic to the Congo River Basin in Central Africa.
Neolamprologus
Neolamprologus is a genus of cichlids endemic to eastern Africa with all but one species, Neolamprologus devosi from the Malagarasi River, occurring in Lake Tanganyika.
See Cichlid and Neolamprologus
Neolamprologus brichardi
Neolamprologus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to the alkaline waters of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Neolamprologus brichardi
Neolamprologus multifasciatus
Neolamprologus multifasciatus is one of the small shell-dwelling cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika.
See Cichlid and Neolamprologus multifasciatus
Neolamprologus pulcher
Neolamprologus pulcher is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it prefers locations with plenty of sedimentation.
See Cichlid and Neolamprologus pulcher
Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.
See Cichlid and Neotropical realm
New Straits Times
The New Straits Times is an English-language newspaper published in Malaysia.
See Cichlid and New Straits Times
New World
The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Nicaragua
Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the geographically largest country in Central America, comprising.
Nile perch
The Nile perch (Lates niloticus), also known as the African snook, Goliath perch, African barramundi, Goliath barramundi, Giant lates or the Victoria perch, is a species of freshwater fish in family Latidae of order Perciformes.
Nile tilapia
The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a species of tilapia, a cichlid fish native to parts of Africa and the Levant, particularly Israel and Lebanon.
Nimbochromis
Nimbochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids mostly endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Nimbochromis livingstonii
Nimbochromis livingstonii, Livingston's cichlid or (locally) kalingono, is a freshwater mouthbrooding cichlid native to Lake Malawi, an African Rift Lake.
See Cichlid and Nimbochromis livingstonii
Nosferatu (fish)
Nosferatu is a genus of cichlid fishes endemic to the Río Pánuco Basin and the tributaries of the adjacent Tamiahua Lagoon (to the South) and San Andrés Lagoon (to the North) in the states of Veracruz, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas and Querétaro, Mexico.
See Cichlid and Nosferatu (fish)
Nyassachromis
Nyassachromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe after 1493, when Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas.
Ophthalmotilapia
Ophthalmotilapia is a small genus of four cichlid species endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Ophthalmotilapia
Orange chromide
The orange chromide (Pseudetroplus maculatus; more commonly Etroplus maculatus) is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to freshwater and brackish streams, lagoons and estuaries in southern India and Sri Lanka.
See Cichlid and Orange chromide
Oreochromini
Oreochromini is a tribe of cichlids in the Pseudocrenilabrinae subfamily that is native to Africa and Western Asia, but a few species have been widely introduced to other parts of the world.
Oreochromis
Oreochromis is a large genus of oreochromine cichlids, fishes endemic to Africa and the Middle East.
Oreochromis aureus
The blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) is a species of tilapia, a fish in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Oreochromis aureus
Orthochromis
Orthochromis is a genus of relatively small haplochromine cichlids native to rivers and lakes in Eastern and Middle Africa.
Oscar (fish)
The oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) is a species of fish from the cichlid family known under a variety of common names, including tiger oscar, velvet cichlid, and marble cichlid.
Otolith
An otolith (ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called statoconium, otoconium or statolith, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates.
Otopharynx
Otopharynx is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa.
Ovalentaria
Ovalentaria is a clade of ray-finned fishes within the Percomorpha, referred to as a subseries.
Overfishing
Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish (i.e. fishing) from a body of water at a rate greater than that the species can replenish its population naturally (i.e. the overexploitation of the fishery's existing fish stock), resulting in the species becoming increasingly underpopulated in that area.
Oxylapia
Oxylapia is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae.
Paedophagy
Paedophagy (literally meaning the "consumption of children") in its general form is the feeding behaviour of fish or other animals whose diet is partially, or primarily the eggs or larvae of other animals. Cichlid and Paedophagy are Cichlidae.
Pair bond
In biology, a pair bond is the strong affinity that develops in some species between a mating pair, often leading to the production and rearing of young and potentially a lifelong bond.
Pallidochromis tokolosh
Pallidochromis tokolosh is species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known from deep waters.
See Cichlid and Pallidochromis tokolosh
Parachromis
Parachromis is a genus of cichlids native to Central America.
Parachromis managuensis
Parachromis managuensis is a large species of cichlid native to freshwater habitats in Central America, where it is found from Honduras to Costa Rica.
See Cichlid and Parachromis managuensis
Paracyprichromis
Paracyprichromis is a small genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
See Cichlid and Paracyprichromis
Parananochromis
Parananochromis is a genus of cichlids native to tropical Africa.
See Cichlid and Parananochromis
Paraneetroplus
Paraneetroplus is a genus of cichlid fish native to moderately to fast-flowing waters in the Coatzacoalcos, Grijalva and Papaloapan river basins in southern Mexico.
See Cichlid and Paraneetroplus
Paratilapia
Paratilapia is a genus of cichlids generally restricted to Madagascar.
Paretroplus
Paretroplus is a genus of fishes in the cichlid family, all of which are endemic to lakes and rivers of Madagascar.
Paretroplus polyactis
Paretroplus polyactis is a vulnerable species of cichlid found widely in fresh and brackish water in coastal regions and associated river basins in eastern Madagascar.
See Cichlid and Paretroplus polyactis
Parrot
Parrots (Psittaciformes), also known as psittacines, are birds with a strong curved beak, upright stance, and clawed feet.
Peacock bass
Peacock bass or Brazilian tucunaré are large freshwater cichlids of the genus Cichla.
Pelmatochromis
Pelmatochromis is a small genus of fishes in the cichlid family.
See Cichlid and Pelmatochromis
Pelmatolapia
Pelmatolapia is a genus of cichlids native to tropical Africa. Cichlid and Pelmatolapia are Cichlidae.
Pelvic fin
Pelvic fins or ventral fins are paired fins located on the ventral (belly) surface of fish, and are the lower of the only two sets of paired fins (the other being the laterally positioned pectoral fins).
Pelvicachromis
Pelvicachromis is a genus of small, brightly coloured cichlids from tropical West Africa and Central Africa.
See Cichlid and Pelvicachromis
Pelvicachromis pulcher
Pelvicachromis pulcher is a freshwater fish of the cichlid family, endemic to Nigeria and Cameroon.
See Cichlid and Pelvicachromis pulcher
Perciformes
Perciformes, also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha.
Periphyton
Periphyton is a complex mixture of algae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic microbes, and detritus that is attached to submerged surfaces in most aquatic ecosystems.
Perissodini
Perissodini is a tribe of African cichlids, containing three genera of freshwater fish found only in Lake Tanganyika.
Perissodus
Perissodus is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Petenia splendida
Petenia splendida, the bay snook, is a species of cichlid from Guatemala and northern Central America.
See Cichlid and Petenia splendida
Petrochromis
Petrochromis is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
Petrotilapia
Petrotilapia is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
Pharyngeal jaw
Pharyngeal jaws are a "second set" of jaws contained within an animal's throat, or pharynx, distinct from the primary or oral jaws.
See Cichlid and Pharyngeal jaw
Pharyngeal teeth
Pharyngeal teeth are teeth in the pharyngeal arch of the throat of cyprinids, suckers, and a number of other fish species otherwise lacking teeth.
See Cichlid and Pharyngeal teeth
Pharyngochromis
Pharyngochromis is a genus of cichlids native to Southern Africa where they are only known from the Zambezi, Okavango, Save–Runde and Kunene basins.
See Cichlid and Pharyngochromis
Phenotype
In genetics, the phenotype is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
Phenotypic plasticity
Phenotypic plasticity refers to some of the changes in an organism's behavior, morphology and physiology in response to a unique environment.
See Cichlid and Phenotypic plasticity
Pholidichthys leucotaenia
Pholidichthys leucotaenia, commonly known as the convict blenny/goby or the engineer blenny/goby, is a marine fish from the west-central Pacific Ocean. Cichlid and Pholidichthys leucotaenia are Cichliformes.
See Cichlid and Pholidichthys leucotaenia
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.
Pieter Bleeker
Pieter Bleeker (10 July 1819 – 24 January 1878) was a Dutch medical doctor, ichthyologist, and herpetologist.
See Cichlid and Pieter Bleeker
Pigment
A pigment is a powder used to add color or change visual appearance.
Piscivore
A piscivore is a carnivorous animal that primarily eats fish.
Placidochromis
Placidochromis is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in Eastern Africa.
See Cichlid and Placidochromis
Planktivore
A planktivore is an aquatic organism that feeds on planktonic food, including zooplankton and phytoplankton.
Plant
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.
Plecodus
Plecodus is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Pontederia crassipes
Pontederia crassipes (formerly Eichhornia crassipes), commonly known as common water hyacinth, is an aquatic plant native to South America, naturalized throughout the world, and often invasive outside its native range.
See Cichlid and Pontederia crassipes
Protomelas
Protomelas is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
Pseudocrenilabrinae
The Pseudocrenilabrinae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fishes to which, according to a study from 2004, includes all the Middle Eastern and African cichlids with the exception of the unusual Heterochromis multidens and the Malagasy species. Cichlid and Pseudocrenilabrinae are Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Pseudocrenilabrinae
Pseudocrenilabrus
Pseudocrenilabrus is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae, commonly known as the mouthbrooders endemic to rivers and lakes in Central and Eastern Africa.
See Cichlid and Pseudocrenilabrus
Pseudosimochromis
Pseudosimochromis is a genus of fish in the cichlid family, endemic to the Lake Tanganyika basin in Africa.
See Cichlid and Pseudosimochromis
Pseudotropheus
Pseudotropheus is a genus of fishes in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Pseudotropheus
Pterochromis congicus
Pterochromis congicus is a species of cichlid native to the Congo River Basin in Central Africa.
See Cichlid and Pterochromis congicus
Pterophyllum
Pterophyllum is a small genus of freshwater fish from the family Cichlidae known to most aquarists as angelfish.
Pterophyllum scalare
Pterophyllum scalare, most commonly referred to as angelfish or freshwater angelfish, is the most common species of Pterophyllum kept in captivity.
See Cichlid and Pterophyllum scalare
Ptychochrominae
The Ptychochrominae are a subfamily in the cichlid family of fish. Cichlid and Ptychochrominae are Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Ptychochrominae
Ptychochromis
Ptychochromis is a genus of cichlids endemic to rivers and lakes in Madagascar.
Ptychochromis grandidieri
Ptychochromis grandidieri is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae endemic to river basins along a large part of the eastern coast of Madagascar, although it has been recorded as far as inland.
See Cichlid and Ptychochromis grandidieri
Ptychochromoides
Ptychochromoides is a genus of cichlids endemic to Madagascar.
See Cichlid and Ptychochromoides
Pungu
The pungu (Pungu maclareni) is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in Cameroon where it prefers shallow waters of about in depth.
Ram cichlid
The ram cichlid (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) is a species of freshwater fish endemic to the Orinoco River basin, in the savannahs of Venezuela and Colombia in South America.
Recreational fishing
Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing or game fishing, is fishing for leisure, exercise or competition.
See Cichlid and Recreational fishing
Redbelly tilapia
The redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii, syn. Tilapia zillii), also known as the Zille's redbreast tilapia or St.
See Cichlid and Redbelly tilapia
Redbreast tilapia
The redbreast tilapia (Coptodon rendalli) is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Redbreast tilapia
Redhump eartheater
The redhump eartheater (Geophagus steindachneri) is a species of eartheater cichlid from freshwater habitats in northwestern South America.
See Cichlid and Redhump eartheater
Reganochromis calliurus
Reganochromis calliurus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Reganochromis calliurus
Retroculus
Retroculus is a genus of cichlids native to tropical South America, where three are native to rivers in southeastern Amazon Basin in Brazil, while the final is native to rivers in Amapá (Brazil) and French Guiana.
Rhamphochromis
Rhamphochromis is a genus of East African haplochromine cichlids endemic to the Lake Malawi basin, also including Lake Malombe, Lake Chilingali, Chia Lagoon and upper Shire River. Cichlid and Rhamphochromis are fishkeeping.
See Cichlid and Rhamphochromis
Rift Valley lakes
The Rift Valley lakes are a series of lakes in the East African Rift valley that runs through eastern Africa from Ethiopia in the north to Malawi in the south, and includes the African Great Lakes in the south.
See Cichlid and Rift Valley lakes
Rio Grande
The Rio Grande in the United States or the Río Bravo (del Norte) in Mexico, also known as P’osoge in Tewa and Tó Ba’áadi in Navajo, is one of the principal rivers (along with the Colorado River) in the southwestern United States and in northern Mexico.
Ritualized aggression
Ritualized aggression or ritualized fighting is when animals use a range of behaviours as posture or warning but without engaging in serious aggression or fighting, which would be expensive in terms of energy and the risk of injury.
See Cichlid and Ritualized aggression
Rocio
Rocio is a small genus of cichlid freshwater fishes from southern Mexico and northern Central America.
Salmon
Salmon (salmon) is the common name for several commercially important species of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the genera Salmo and Oncorhynchus of the family Salmonidae, native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (Salmo) and North Pacific (Oncorhynchus) basins.
Sargochromis
Sargochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids native to freshwater habitats in Southern Africa, where found in the upper and middle Zambezi basin, Okavango delta, Cunene basin, Cuvelai basin and southeastern Congo Basin.
Sarotherodon
Sarotherodon is a genus of oreochromine cichlids that are native to the northern half of Africa (south as far as the Congo River basin), with a single species, S. galilaeus, also ranging into the Levant.
Satanoperca
Satanoperca is a small genus of cichlids from South America, where they are known from the Orinoco, Essequibo, Nickerie, Amazon and Paraná–Paraguay river basins.
Schwetzochromis neodon
Schwetzochromis neodon is a species of rheophilic cichlid endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is only known from the Fwa River in the Congo Basin.
See Cichlid and Schwetzochromis neodon
Sciaenochromis
Sciaenochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa. Cichlid and Sciaenochromis are fishkeeping.
See Cichlid and Sciaenochromis
Scientific American
Scientific American, informally abbreviated SciAm or sometimes SA, is an American popular science magazine.
See Cichlid and Scientific American
Seawater
Seawater, or sea water, is water from a sea or ocean.
Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland.
Selective breeding
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
See Cichlid and Selective breeding
Serranochromis
Serranochromis is a genus of relatively large, robust cichlids from freshwater habitats in mainland Southern Africa, ranging as far north as DR Congo and Tanzania, with the highest species richness in the upper Zambezi, Okavango and Congo basins.
See Cichlid and Serranochromis
Seth Eugene Meek
Seth Eugene Meek (April 1, 1859, Hicksville, Ohio – July 6, 1914, Chicago) was an American ichthyologist at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago.
See Cichlid and Seth Eugene Meek
Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.
See Cichlid and Sexual dimorphism
Shell dwellers
The terms shell dwellers or shelldwellers, shell-breeding, or ostracophil are descriptive terms for cichlid fish that use the empty shells of aquatic snails as sites for breeding and shelter. Cichlid and shell dwellers are Cichlidae.
See Cichlid and Shell dwellers
Siltation
Siltation is water pollution caused by particulate terrestrial clastic material, with a particle size dominated by silt or clay.
Simochromis
Simochromis is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia.
Small intestine
The small intestine or small bowel is an organ in the gastrointestinal tract where most of the absorption of nutrients from food takes place.
See Cichlid and Small intestine
Snail
A snail is a shelled gastropod.
Social status
Social status is the relative level of social value a person is considered to possess.
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.
South Texas
South Texas is a region of the U.S. state of Texas that lies roughly south of—and includes—San Antonio.
Spathodus
Spathodus is a small genus of cichlids endemis to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
Speciation
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
Species
A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.
Species complex
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear.
See Cichlid and Species complex
Sponge
Sponges (also known as sea sponges), the members of the phylum Porifera (meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts.
Spotfin goby cichlid
The spotfin goby cichlid (Tanganicodus irsacae) is an African species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is only known from the northern end of the lake.
See Cichlid and Spotfin goby cichlid
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, historically known as Ceylon, and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia.
Steatocranus
Steatocranus is a genus of small rheophilic cichlids mostly native to the Congo River Basin in DR Congo/Congo Brazzaville, although one species, S. irvinei, is restricted to the Volta River in Ghana and Burkino Faso, and it belongs in a separate genus. Cichlid and Steatocranus are fishkeeping.
Stigmatochromis
Stigmatochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids that are endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa.
See Cichlid and Stigmatochromis
Stomach
The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates.
Stomatepia
Stomatepia is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in western Cameroon.
Subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: subfamilia, plural subfamiliae) is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus.
Sven O. Kullander
Sven Oscar Kullander (born 30 November 1952 in Sollefteå) is a Swedish biologist specialised in ichthyology.
See Cichlid and Sven O. Kullander
Sympatric speciation
In evolutionary biology, sympatric speciation is the evolution of a new species from a surviving ancestral species while both continue to inhabit the same geographic region.
See Cichlid and Sympatric speciation
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
Systematic Biology
Systematic Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists.
See Cichlid and Systematic Biology
Taeniacara candidi
Taeniacara candidi is a species of cichlid fish from the Amazon Basin in South America.
See Cichlid and Taeniacara candidi
Taeniochromis holotaenia
Taeniochromis holotaenia is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa where it is widespread at depths of from.
See Cichlid and Taeniochromis holotaenia
Taeniolethrinops
Taeniolethrinops is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
See Cichlid and Taeniolethrinops
Tahuantinsuyoa
Tahuantinsuyoa is a small genus of cichlids endemic to Peru where they are found in the Amazon Basin.
See Cichlid and Tahuantinsuyoa
Tangachromis dhanisi
Tangachromis dhanisi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where they live in deep waters having been caught at depths of.
See Cichlid and Tangachromis dhanisi
Teleocichla
Teleocichla is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae found in the Tapajós, Xingu, Tocantins and Jari River basins, which are part of the Amazon River Basin in Brazil.
Teleogramma
Teleogramma is an African genus of cichlids with five species.
Telmatochromis
Telmatochromis is a small cichlid genus of the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae.
See Cichlid and Telmatochromis
Texas cichlid
The Texas cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus), also known as the Rio Grande cichlid, is a freshwater fish of the cichlid family, and the only cichlid species that is native to the United States.
Theraps
Theraps is a genus of cichlid fish that includes only a single species, the Arroya ciclid (Theraps irregularis) from fast-flowing rivers and streams in the Usumacinta and Polochic basins of southern Mexico and Guatemala.
Thoracochromis
Thoracochromis is a fish genus of haplochromine cichlids that are endemic to Africa.
See Cichlid and Thoracochromis
Thorichthys
Thorichthys is a genus of cichlid fish that is native to the Atlantic slope of Middle America, ranging from southern Veracruz and the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, to Guatemala and Honduras, with introduced populations in a few other countries.
Threadfin acara
The threadfin acara (Acarichthys heckelii), also known as Heckel's thread-finned acara, is a South American species of cichlid fish.
See Cichlid and Threadfin acara
Threespot torpedo
Exochochromis anagenys, the threespot torpedo, is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa where it has been found around Thumbi West Island and in the southeastern part of the lake.
See Cichlid and Threespot torpedo
Thysochromis
Thysochromis is a genus of cichlids native to West and Middle Africa.
Tilapia
Tilapia is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the coelotilapine, coptodonine, heterotilapine, oreochromine, pelmatolapiine, and tilapiine tribes (formerly all were "Tilapiini"), with the economically most important species placed in the Coptodonini and Oreochromini.
Tilapia (genus)
Tilapia is a genus of cichlid fishes endemic to freshwater habitats in Southern Africa.
See Cichlid and Tilapia (genus)
Tilapiine cichlid
The Tilapiini (occasionally Tilapini) are a tribe within the family Cichlidae commonly known as tilapiine cichlids.
See Cichlid and Tilapiine cichlid
Tomocichla
Tomocichla is a genus of cichlid fish native to moderately and fast-flowing rivers along the Atlantic slope of Central America, ranging from the Escondido drainage in Nicaragua to Bocas del Toro in Panama.
Tramitichromis
Tramitichromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
See Cichlid and Tramitichromis
Trematocara
Trematocara is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa.
Trematocranus
Trematocranus is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
Triglachromis otostigma
Triglachromis otostigma is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa where it prefers waters with a muddy substrate.
See Cichlid and Triglachromis otostigma
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago, officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean region of North America.
See Cichlid and Trinidad and Tobago
Tristramella
Tristramella is a genus of oreochromines, freshwater fishes in the cichlid family.
Tropheini
Tropheini is a tribe of African cichlids, endemic to Lake Tanganyika.
Tropheops
Tropheops is a genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
Tropheus
Tropheus is a small genus of at least six species of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Trout
Trout (trout) is a generic common name for numerous species of carnivorous freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, all of which are members of the subfamily Salmoninae in the family Salmonidae.
Tylochromis
Tylochromis is a genus of African fishes in the family Cichlidae.
Tyrannochromis
Tyrannochromis is a small genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi.
See Cichlid and Tyrannochromis
Uaru
Uaru is a small genus of cichlids found in blackwater and whitewater habitats in the upper Orinoco and the Amazon basin.
See Cichlid and Uaru
Undescribed taxon
In taxonomy, an undescribed taxon is a taxon (for example, a species) that has been discovered, but not yet formally described and named.
See Cichlid and Undescribed taxon
Unintended consequences
In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen.
See Cichlid and Unintended consequences
Variabilichromis moorii
Variabilichromis moorii has no common name and is a species of freshwater cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in eastern Africa.
See Cichlid and Variabilichromis moorii
Vertebral column
The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.
See Cichlid and Vertebral column
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Vieja melanurus
Vieja melanurus, the quetzal cichlid, redhead cichlid or firehead cichlid, is a species of cichlid that is native to the Lake Petén system, the Grijalva–Usumacinta River basin and other Atlantic river drainages in southern Mexico, Belize and Guatemala, with introduced populations in a few other countries.
See Cichlid and Vieja melanurus
Vulnerable species
A vulnerable species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as being threatened with extinction unless the circumstances that are threatening its survival and reproduction improve.
See Cichlid and Vulnerable species
West Africa
West Africa, or Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom Overseas Territory).Paul R.
Wrasse
The wrasses are a family, Labridae, of marine fish, many of which are brightly colored.
Xanthochromism
Xanthochromism (also called xanthochroism or xanthism), from the Greek xanthos (ξανθός) "yellow" and chroma (χρώμα) "color", is an unusually yellow pigmentation in an animal.
See Cichlid and Xanthochromism
Xenochromis
Xenochromis hecqui is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.
Xenotilapia
Xenotilapia is a genus of cichlids species endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.
Ypresian
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age or lowest stratigraphic stage of the Eocene.
Zebra acara
The Zebra acara (Ivanacara adoketa) is a species of cichlid from Rio Uaupes and Rio Preto, two side rivers of Rio Negro in Brazil.
See also
Cichlidae
- Astatotilapia
- Astronotinae
- Chuco (fish)
- Cichlasomatinae
- Cichlid
- Cichlinae
- Cleaner fish
- Cribroheros
- Cribroheros robertsoni
- Dwarf cichlid
- Etia nguti
- Etroplinae
- Flowerhorn cichlid
- Head and lateral line erosion
- Heterochromis
- Heterotilapia
- Lepidophagy
- Ovophile
- Paedophagy
- Pelmatolapia
- Pseudocrenilabrinae
- Ptychochrominae
- Shell dwellers
- Spotted tilapia
- The Cichlid Room Companion
Cichliformes
Extant Lutetian first appearances
- Accipitriformes
- Agroecomyrmecinae
- Amblyoponinae
- Butterfly
- Camelidae
- Caniformia
- Carnivora
- Charadriiformes
- Cichlid
- Elephant shrew
- Golden mole
- Handfish
- Heroini
- Hexapus
- Justitia (crustacean)
- Lophius
- Orthopristis
- Parsley frog
- Tarsier
- Tetraodontidae
References
Also known as African cichlid, American cichlid, Chiclid, Cichild, Cichlid aggressive behavior, Cichlid fish, Cichlidae, Cichlids, Cichlids of lake Malawi, Lake Malawi cichlid, Lake Malawi cichlids, Larvophile mouthbrooding, Luohan (fish), Malawi cichlid, Mating systems of cichlids, Sicklid, Sicklids.
, Biotoecus, Blackchin tilapia, Blood parrot cichlid, Brackish water, Brazil, Buccochromis, Bujurquina, Callochromis, Caprichromis, Caquetaia, Cardiopharynx schoutedeni, Caribbean, Carl H. Eigenmann, Carnivore, Central America, Centrarchidae, Chaetobranchini, Chaetobranchopsis, Chaetobranchus, Chalinochromis, Champsochromis, Charles Lucien Bonaparte, Charles Tate Regan, Cheilochromis, Chetia, Chiclets, Chilochromis, Chilotilapia, Chromidotilapia, Chromidotilapia guntheri, Chromidotilapiini, Cichla ocellaris, Cichlasoma, Cichlasomatinae, Cichlasomatini, Cichliformes, Cichlinae, Coelotilapia joka, Congo River, Congochromis, Congolapia, Convict cichlid, Copadichromis, Coptodon, Corematodus, Crenicara, Crenicichla, Critically Endangered, Cryptoheros, Ctenochromis, Ctenopharynx, Cuba, Cunningtonia, Cyathochromis obliquidens, Cyclidia, Cyclopharynx, Cynotilapia, Cyperus papyrus, Cyphotilapia, Cyprichromini, Cyprichromis, Cyprinidae, Cyrtocara, Danakilia, Danakilia dinicolai, Deforestation, Dentition, Detritivore, Dichotomy, Dicrossus, Dimidiochromis, Diplotaxodon, Discus (fish), Divandu, DNA sequencing, Docimodus, Dominance (genetics), Dominance hierarchy, Dwarf cichlid, East Africa, East African Rift, Eclectochromis, Ectodini, Ectodus, Egg, Endangered species, Enigmatochromis lucanusi, Eretmodini, Eretmodus, Eritrea, Ernst Ahl, Ethelwynn Trewavas, Etia nguti, Etroplinae, Etroplus, Euryhaline, Extinct in the wild, Facultative, Family (biology), Featherfin cichlid, Fish, Fish fin, Fish jaw, FishBase, Fishes of the World, Fishkeeping, Florida, Flowerhorn cichlid, Food chain, Fossorochromis rostratus, Franz Steindachner, Freshwater aquarium, Genus, Genyochromis mento, Geophagini, Geophagus, Geophagus altifrons, George Albert Boulenger, George S. Myers, Georges Cuvier, Gephyrochromis, Giant cichlid, Giant haplochromis, Gnathochromis, Gobiocichla, Gondwana, Grammatotria, Green chromide, Greenwoodochromis, Guianacara, Gymnogeophagus, Han Nijssen, Haplochromine, Haplochromis, Haplochromis aelocephalus, Haplochromis apogonoides, Haplochromis argens, Haplochromis dentex, Haplochromis dichrourus, Haplotaxodon, Hawaii, Hemibates, Hemichromini, Hemitaeniochromis, Herbivore, Herichthys, Heroina isonycterina, Heroini, Heros (fish), Heterochromis, Heterotilapia, Hispaniola, Holocene, Hoplarchus, Hybrid (biology), Hybrid swarm, Hypersaline lake, Hypselecara, Hypsophrys, Inbreeding, India, Insect, International Herald Tribune, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Interochromis loocki, Introduced species, Invertebrate, Iodotropheus, Iran, Iranocichla, Israel, Jacques Pellegrin, Jewel cichlid, Johann Jakob Heckel, Johann Jakob Kaup, Journal of Biogeography, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Julidochromis, Juvenile (organism), Katria, Keyhole cichlid, Konia (fish), Krobia (fish), Labeotropheus, Labidochromis, Labroidei, Laetacara, Lake Edward, Lake Malawi, Lake Malawi National Park, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Lamprologini, Lamprologus, Lamprologus lethops, Larva, Lateral line, Lebanon, Lepidiolamprologus, Lepidophagy, Lestradea, Lethrinops, Leucism, Limbochromis, Limnochromini, Limnochromis, Limnotilapia dardennii, Lobochilotes, Locus (genetics), Louis Agassiz, Maastrichtian, Madagascar, Malawi gar, Malaysia, Mandible, Mango tilapia, Mangrove, Marsh, Max Poll, Mayaheros urophthalmus, Maylandia, Maylandia lombardoi, Mazarunia, Mbuna, Mchenga, Melanochromis, Mesonauta, Mexico, Microchromis, Mikrogeophagus, Molecular clock, Molecular ecology, Monogamy in animals, Monophyly, Mouthbrooder, Mozambique Channel, Mozambique tilapia, Mutation, Myaka, Mylochromis, Naevochromis chrysogaster, Nandopsis, Nannacara, Nanochromis, Neolamprologus, Neolamprologus brichardi, Neolamprologus multifasciatus, Neolamprologus pulcher, Neotropical realm, New Straits Times, New World, Nicaragua, Nile perch, Nile tilapia, Nimbochromis, Nimbochromis livingstonii, Nosferatu (fish), Nyassachromis, Old World, Ophthalmotilapia, Orange chromide, Oreochromini, Oreochromis, Oreochromis aureus, Orthochromis, Oscar (fish), Otolith, Otopharynx, Ovalentaria, Overfishing, Oxylapia, Paedophagy, Pair bond, Pallidochromis tokolosh, Parachromis, Parachromis managuensis, Paracyprichromis, Parananochromis, Paraneetroplus, Paratilapia, Paretroplus, Paretroplus polyactis, Parrot, Peacock bass, Pelmatochromis, Pelmatolapia, Pelvic fin, Pelvicachromis, Pelvicachromis pulcher, Perciformes, Periphyton, Perissodini, Perissodus, Petenia splendida, Petrochromis, Petrotilapia, Pharyngeal jaw, Pharyngeal teeth, Pharyngochromis, Phenotype, Phenotypic plasticity, Pholidichthys leucotaenia, Phylogenetics, Pieter Bleeker, Pigment, Piscivore, Placidochromis, Planktivore, Plant, Plecodus, Pontederia crassipes, Protomelas, Pseudocrenilabrinae, Pseudocrenilabrus, Pseudosimochromis, Pseudotropheus, Pterochromis congicus, Pterophyllum, Pterophyllum scalare, Ptychochrominae, Ptychochromis, Ptychochromis grandidieri, Ptychochromoides, Pungu, Ram cichlid, Recreational fishing, Redbelly tilapia, Redbreast tilapia, Redhump eartheater, Reganochromis calliurus, Retroculus, Rhamphochromis, Rift Valley lakes, Rio Grande, Ritualized aggression, Rocio, Salmon, Sargochromis, Sarotherodon, Satanoperca, Schwetzochromis neodon, Sciaenochromis, Scientific American, Seawater, Secretion, Selective breeding, Serranochromis, Seth Eugene Meek, Sexual dimorphism, Shell dwellers, Siltation, Simochromis, Singapore, Small intestine, Snail, Social status, South America, South Texas, Spathodus, Speciation, Species, Species complex, Sponge, Spotfin goby cichlid, Sri Lanka, Steatocranus, Stigmatochromis, Stomach, Stomatepia, Subfamily, Sven O. Kullander, Sympatric speciation, Syria, Systematic Biology, Taeniacara candidi, Taeniochromis holotaenia, Taeniolethrinops, Tahuantinsuyoa, Tangachromis dhanisi, Teleocichla, Teleogramma, Telmatochromis, Texas cichlid, Theraps, Thoracochromis, Thorichthys, Threadfin acara, Threespot torpedo, Thysochromis, Tilapia, Tilapia (genus), Tilapiine cichlid, Tomocichla, Tramitichromis, Trematocara, Trematocranus, Triglachromis otostigma, Trinidad and Tobago, Tristramella, Tropheini, Tropheops, Tropheus, Trout, Tylochromis, Tyrannochromis, Uaru, Undescribed taxon, Unintended consequences, Variabilichromis moorii, Vertebral column, Vertebrate, Vieja melanurus, Vulnerable species, West Africa, Wrasse, Xanthochromism, Xenochromis, Xenotilapia, Ypresian, Zebra acara.