Table of Contents
74 relations: Abyssal plain, Algae, Alluvial river, Amazon basin, Ancient lake, Andes, Apalachicola River, Argillite, Burgess Shale, Calcite, Cambrian, Carbonate rock, Clay mineral, Coast, Congo River, Conifer, Continental shelf, Convergent boundary, Country rock (geology), Dinosaur, Divergent boundary, Dolomite (mineral), Erosion, Feldspar, Fern, Fissility (geology), Fossil, Freshwater mollusc, Ganges, Geochemistry, Geological Society of London, Glacier, Granularity, Jurassic, Kaolinite, Kerogen, Lead, Lithification, Lungfish, Lutite, Marcasite, Metamorphism, Mississippi River, Morrison Formation, Mudrock, Mudstone, Natural gas, Ocean, Oceanic trench, Outcrop, ... Expand index (24 more) »
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between.
Algae
Algae (alga) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms.
Alluvial river
An alluvial river is one in which the bed and banks are made up of mobile sediment and/or soil.
See Mudrock and Alluvial river
Amazon basin
The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.
Ancient lake
An ancient lake is a lake that has consistently carried water for more than one million years.
Andes
The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America.
Apalachicola River
The Apalachicola River is a river, approximately long, in the state of Florida.
See Mudrock and Apalachicola River
Argillite
Argillite is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed predominantly of indurated clay particles. Mudrock and Argillite are sedimentary rocks.
Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada.
Calcite
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Cambrian
The Cambrian is the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and the Phanerozoic Eon.
Carbonate rock
Carbonate rocks are a class of sedimentary rocks composed primarily of carbonate minerals. Mudrock and carbonate rock are sedimentary rocks.
See Mudrock and Carbonate rock
Clay mineral
Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates (e.g. kaolin, Al2Si2O5(OH)4), sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces.
Coast
A coastalso called the coastline, shoreline, or seashoreis the land next to the sea or the line that forms the boundary between the land and the ocean or a lake.
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third-largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around.
Conifer
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms.
Continental shelf
A continental shelf is a portion of a continent that is submerged under an area of relatively shallow water, known as a shelf sea.
See Mudrock and Continental shelf
Convergent boundary
A convergent boundary (also known as a destructive boundary) is an area on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide.
See Mudrock and Convergent boundary
Country rock (geology)
In geology, country rock is the rock native to an area, in contrast to any intrusion of viscous geologic material, commonly magma, or perhaps rock salt (in salt domes) or unconsolidated sediments.
See Mudrock and Country rock (geology)
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.
Divergent boundary
In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
See Mudrock and Divergent boundary
Dolomite (mineral)
Dolomite is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite (see Dolomite (rock)). Mudrock and dolomite (mineral) are sedimentary rocks.
See Mudrock and Dolomite (mineral)
Erosion
Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust and then transports it to another location where it is deposited.
Feldspar
Feldspar (sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium.
Fern
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
See Mudrock and Fern
Fissility (geology)
In geology, fissility is the ability or tendency of a rock to split along flat planes of weakness (“parting surfaces”).
See Mudrock and Fissility (geology)
Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
Freshwater mollusc
Freshwater molluscs are those members of the Phylum Mollusca which live in freshwater habitats, both lotic (flowing water) such as rivers, streams, canals, springs, and cave streams (stygobite species) and lentic (still water) such as lakes, ponds (including temporary or vernal ponds), and ditches.
See Mudrock and Freshwater mollusc
Ganges
The Ganges (in India: Ganga,; in Bangladesh: Padma). "The Ganges Basin, known in India as the Ganga and in Bangladesh as the Padma, is an international river which goes through India, Bangladesh, Nepal and China." is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through India and Bangladesh. The -long river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.
Geological Society of London
The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom.
See Mudrock and Geological Society of London
Glacier
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight.
Granularity
Granularity (also called graininess) is the degree to which a material or system is composed of distinguishable pieces, "granules" or "grains" (metaphorically).
Jurassic
The Jurassic is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya.
Kaolinite
Kaolinite (also called kaolin) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition: Al2Si2O5(OH)4.
Kerogen
Kerogen is solid, insoluble organic matter in sedimentary rocks.
Lead
Lead is a chemical element; it has symbol Pb (from Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
See Mudrock and Lead
Lithification
Lithification (from the Ancient Greek word lithos meaning 'rock' and the Latin-derived suffix -ific) is the process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock. Mudrock and Lithification are sedimentary rocks.
Lungfish
Lungfish are freshwater vertebrates belonging to the class Dipnoi.
Lutite
Lutite is old terminology, which is not widely used, by Earth scientists in field descriptions for fine-grained, sedimentary rocks, which are composed of silt-size sediment, clay-size sediment, or a mixture of both. Mudrock and Lutite are sedimentary rocks.
Marcasite
The mineral marcasite, sometimes called "white iron pyrite", is iron sulfide (FeS2) with orthorhombic crystal structure.
Metamorphism
Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock (the protolith) to rock with a different mineral composition or texture.
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the primary river and second-longest river of the largest drainage basin in the United States.
See Mudrock and Mississippi River
Morrison Formation
The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Upper Jurassic sedimentary rock found in the western United States which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.
See Mudrock and Morrison Formation
Mudrock
Mudrocks are a class of fine-grained siliciclastic sedimentary rocks. Mudrock and Mudrock are sedimentary rocks.
Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudrock and Mudstone are sedimentary rocks.
Natural gas
Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
Ocean
The ocean is the body of salt water that covers approx.
Oceanic trench
Oceanic trenches are prominent, long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor.
See Mudrock and Oceanic trench
Outcrop
An outcrop or rocky outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth and other terrestrial planets.
Oxbow lake
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.
Paleontology
Paleontology, also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.
Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations.
See Mudrock and Petroleum reservoir
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.
See Mudrock and Plate tectonics
Pyrite
The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula FeS2 (iron (II) disulfide).
Quartz
Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).
River delta
A river delta is a landform shaped like a triangle, created by the deposition of sediment that is carried by a river and enters slower-moving or stagnant water.
Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains, cemented together by another mineral. Mudrock and Sandstone are sedimentary rocks.
Sapropel
Sapropel (a contraction of Ancient Greek words sapros and pelos, meaning putrefaction and mud (or clay), respectively) is a term used in marine geology to describe dark-coloured sediments that are rich in organic matter.
Seamount
A seamount is a large submarine landform that rises from the ocean floor without reaching the water surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet, or cliff-rock.
Shale
Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite. Mudrock and Shale are sedimentary rocks.
Siderite
Siderite is a mineral composed of iron(II) carbonate (FeCO3).
Silicate mineral
Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups.
See Mudrock and Silicate mineral
Silt
Silt is granular material of a size between sand and clay and composed mostly of broken grains of quartz.
See Mudrock and Silt
Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. Mudrock and Siltstone are sedimentary rocks.
Slate
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous, metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade, regional metamorphism. Mudrock and Slate are sedimentary rocks.
Source rock
In petroleum geology, source rock is rock which has generated hydrocarbons or which could generate hydrocarbons.
Till
Closeup of glacial till. Note that the larger grains (pebbles and gravel) in the till are completely surrounded by the matrix of finer material (silt and sand), and this characteristic, known as ''matrix support'', is diagnostic of till. Glacial till with tufts of grass Till or glacial till is unsorted glacial sediment. Mudrock and till are sedimentary rocks.
See Mudrock and Till
Transform fault
A transform fault or transform boundary, is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal.
See Mudrock and Transform fault
Volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
Weathering
Weathering is the deterioration of rocks, soils and minerals (as well as wood and artificial materials) through contact with water, atmospheric gases, sunlight, and biological organisms.
Yellow River
The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China, after the Yangtze; with an estimated length of it is the sixth-longest river system on Earth.
Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
See Mudrock and Zinc
References
Also known as Claystone, Claystones.