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Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Index Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz, as he is known in Europe (October 22, 1783 – September 18, 1840), was a nineteenth-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. [1]

108 relations: Adena culture, Adiantum, Alphabet, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Antiquarian Society, Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, Anthropology, Archaeology (magazine), Archives of Natural History, Arnold Arboretum, Autodidacticism, Binomial nomenclature, Biologist, Biology, Black-tailed prairie dog, Book of Mormon, Botany, Brachiopod, Cambria Press, Caribbean, Charles Darwin, Common-law marriage, Constantinople, Content analysis, Delaware, Delaware River, Des Moines, Iowa, E. G. Squier, Earthworks (archaeology), Eccentricity (behavior), Economic Botany (journal), Ethnic group, Evolution, Galata, Geology, George Washington Tryon, Henry Schoolcraft, Herbarium, Hispaniola, Hopewell tradition, Indiana Historical Society, Indiana Magazine of History, Indiana University Press, International Association for Plant Taxonomy, James Hall (paleontologist), Joseph Smith, Journal of Medical Biography, Kentucky, Lenape, Lewis and Clark Expedition, ..., Lexington, Kentucky, Linguistics, Marseille, Maya numerals, Maya script, Mayan languages, McFarland & Company, Mesoamerica, Mesoamerican languages, Mollusc shell, Mound Builders, Mule deer, Mutation, New West Indian Guide, Ohio, Ohio River, On the Origin of Species, Ottoman Empire, Palermo, PBS, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Philadelphia, Pictogram, Polyglotism, Polymath, Principle of Priority, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Punctuated equilibrium, Rafinesque's big-eared bat, Rafinesquia, Rafinesquia californica, Rafinesquia neomexicana, Self-medication, Smithsonian (magazine), Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Institution Archives, Species, Taíno language, The Filson Club History Quarterly, The Filson Historical Society, The Literary Gazette, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Nuttall, Thomas Wright (astronomer), Transylvania University, Unami language, University of California Press, University of Nebraska Press, University of Oklahoma Press, University of Tennessee Press, University Press of Kentucky, Walam Olum, White-footed mouse, William G. Binney, Zoologische Mededelingen, Zoologische Verhandelingen, Zoology. Expand index (58 more) »

Adena culture

The Adena culture was a Pre-Columbian Native American culture that existed from 1000 to 200 BC, in a time known as the Early Woodland period.

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Adiantum

Adiantum, the walking fern or maidenhair fern, is a genus of about 250 species of ferns in the Vittarioideae subfamily of the family Pteridaceae, though some researchers place it in its own family, Adiantaceae.

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Alphabet

An alphabet is a standard set of letters (basic written symbols or graphemes) that is used to write one or more languages based upon the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) of the spoken language.

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American Academy of Arts and Sciences

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States of America.

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American Antiquarian Society

The American Antiquarian Society (AAS), located in Worcester, Massachusetts, is both a learned society and national research library of pre-twentieth century American history and culture.

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Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley

Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley (full title Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley: Comprising the Results of Extensive Original Surveys and Explorations) (1848) by the Americans Ephraim George Squier and Edwin Hamilton Davis is a landmark in American scientific research, the study of the prehistoric indigenous mound builders of North America, and the early development of archaeology as a scientific discipline.

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Anthropology

Anthropology is the study of humans and human behaviour and societies in the past and present.

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Archaeology (magazine)

Archaeology is a bimonthly magazine for the general public, published by the Archaeological Institute of America.

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Archives of Natural History

The Archives of Natural History (formerly the Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History) is a peer-reviewed academic journal and the official journal of the Society for the History of Natural History.

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Arnold Arboretum

The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University is an arboretum located in the Jamaica Plain and Roslindale sections of Boston, Massachusetts.

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Autodidacticism

Autodidacticism (also autodidactism) or self-education (also self-learning and self-teaching) is education without the guidance of masters (such as teachers and professors) or institutions (such as schools).

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Binomial nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system") also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.

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Biologist

A biologist, is a scientist who has specialized knowledge in the field of biology, the scientific study of life.

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Biology

Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.

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Black-tailed prairie dog

The black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus), is a rodent of the family Sciuridae found in the Great Plains of North America from about the United States-Canada border to the United States-Mexico border.

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Book of Mormon

The Book of Mormon is a sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement, which adherents believe contains writings of ancient prophets who lived on the American continent from approximately 2200 BC to AD 421.

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Botany

Botany, also called plant science(s), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology.

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Brachiopod

Brachiopods, phylum Brachiopoda, are a group of lophotrochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs.

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Cambria Press

Cambria Press is an independent academic publisher based in Amherst, New York.

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Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.

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Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin, (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

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Common-law marriage

Common-law marriage, also known as sui iuris marriage, informal marriage, marriage by habit and repute, or marriage in fact, is a legal framework in a limited number of jurisdictions where a couple is legally considered married, without that couple having formally registered their relation as a civil or religious marriage.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis; Constantinopolis) was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire (330–1204 and 1261–1453), and also of the brief Latin (1204–1261), and the later Ottoman (1453–1923) empires.

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Content analysis

Content analysis is a research method for studying documents and communication artifacts, which might be texts of various formats, pictures, audio or video.

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Delaware

Delaware is one of the 50 states of the United States, in the Mid-Atlantic or Northeastern region.

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Delaware River

The Delaware River is a major river on the Atlantic coast of the United States.

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Des Moines, Iowa

Des Moines is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa.

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E. G. Squier

Ephraim George Squier (June 17, 1821 – April 17, 1888), usually cited as E. G. Squier, was an American archaeologist and newspaper editor.

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Earthworks (archaeology)

In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil.

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Eccentricity (behavior)

Eccentricity (also called quirkiness) is unusual or odd behavior on the part of an individual.

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Economic Botany (journal)

Economic Botany is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers all aspects of economic botany.

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Ethnic group

An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

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Evolution

Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

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Galata

Galata (in Greek was known as Galatas (Γαλατᾶς, Galatás)) was a neighbourhood opposite Constantinople (today's Istanbul, Turkey), located at the northern shore of the Golden Horn, the inlet which separates it from the historic peninsula of old Constantinople.

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Geology

Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. "earth" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. "study of, discourse") is an earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time.

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George Washington Tryon

George Washington Tryon Jr. (20 May 1838 – 5 February 1888) was an American malacologist who worked at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.

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Henry Schoolcraft

Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (March 28, 1793 – December 10, 1864) was an American geographer, geologist, and ethnologist, noted for his early studies of Native American cultures, as well as for his 1832 expedition to the source of the Mississippi River.

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Herbarium

A herbarium (plural: herbaria) is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study.

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Hispaniola

Hispaniola (Spanish: La Española; Latin and French: Hispaniola; Haitian Creole: Ispayola; Taíno: Haiti) is an island in the Caribbean island group, the Greater Antilles.

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Hopewell tradition

The Hopewell tradition (also called the Hopewell culture) describes the common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States from 100 BCE to 500 CE, in the Middle Woodland period.

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Indiana Historical Society

The Indiana Historical Society is one of the United States' oldest and largest historical societies and describes itself as "Indiana's Storyteller".

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Indiana Magazine of History

The Indiana Magazine of History is a peer-reviewed academic journal published quarterly by the Indiana University Bloomington Department of History.

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Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

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International Association for Plant Taxonomy

The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) promotes an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitates international communication of research between botanists, and oversees matters of uniformity and stability in plant names.

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James Hall (paleontologist)

James Hall (September 12, 1811 – August 7, 1898) was an American geologist and paleontologist.

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Joseph Smith

Joseph Smith Jr. (December 23, 1805 – June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader and founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement.

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Journal of Medical Biography

The Journal of Medical Biography is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1993 covering the lives of people in or associated with medicine, including medical figures and well-known characters from history and their afflictions.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.

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Lenape

The Lenape, also called the Leni Lenape, Lenni Lenape and Delaware people, are an indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in Canada and the United States.

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Lewis and Clark Expedition

The Lewis and Clark Expedition from May 1804 to September 1806, also known as the Corps of Discovery Expedition, was the first American expedition to cross the western portion of the United States.

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Lexington, Kentucky

Lexington, consolidated with Fayette County and often denoted as Lexington-Fayette, is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 60th-largest city in the United States.

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Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of language, and involves an analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context.

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Marseille

Marseille (Provençal: Marselha), is the second-largest city of France and the largest city of the Provence historical region.

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Maya numerals

The Mayan numeral system was the system to represent numbers and calendar dates in the Maya civilization.

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Maya script

Maya script, also known as Maya glyphs, was the writing system of the Maya civilization of Mesoamerica and is the only Mesoamerican writing system that has been substantially deciphered.

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Mayan languages

The Mayan languagesIn linguistics, it is conventional to use Mayan when referring to the languages, or an aspect of a language.

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McFarland & Company

McFarland & Company, Inc. is an independent book publisher based in Jefferson, North Carolina that specializes in academic and reference works, as well as general interest adult nonfiction.

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Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica is an important historical region and cultural area in the Americas, extending from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, and within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Mesoamerican languages

Mesoamerican languages are the languages indigenous to the Mesoamerican cultural area, which covers southern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize and parts of Honduras and El Salvador and Nicaragua.

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Mollusc shell

The mollusc (or molluskOften spelled mollusk shell in the USA; the spelling "mollusc" are preferred by) shell is typically a calcareous exoskeleton which encloses, supports and protects the soft parts of an animal in the phylum Mollusca, which includes snails, clams, tusk shells, and several other classes.

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Mound Builders

The various cultures collectively termed Mound Builders were inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes.

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Mule deer

The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) is a deer indigenous to western North America; it is named for its ears, which are large like those of the mule.

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Mutation

In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.

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New West Indian Guide

The New West Indian Guide (Nieuwe West-Indische Gids) is a peer-reviewed academic journal founded by the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.

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Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.

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Ohio River

The Ohio River, which streams westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States.

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On the Origin of Species

On the Origin of Species (or more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life),The book's full original title was On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Palermo

Palermo (Sicilian: Palermu, Panormus, from Πάνορμος, Panormos) is a city of Southern Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo.

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PBS

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography

The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history of Pennsylvania.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia is the largest city in the U.S. state and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the sixth-most populous U.S. city, with a 2017 census-estimated population of 1,580,863.

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Pictogram

A pictogram, also called a pictogramme, pictograph, or simply picto, and in computer usage an icon, is an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object.

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Polyglotism

Polyglotism or polyglottism is the ability to master, or the state of having mastered, multiple languages.

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Polymath

A polymath (πολυμαθής,, "having learned much,"The term was first recorded in written English in the early seventeenth century Latin: uomo universalis, "universal man") is a person whose expertise spans a significant number of different subject areas—such a person is known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.

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Principle of Priority

valid name. Priority is a fundamental principle of modern botanical nomenclature and zoological nomenclature.

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Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society

Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society is a quarterly philosophy peer-reviewed journal published by the American Philosophical Society since 1838.

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Punctuated equilibrium

Punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record the population will become stable, showing little evolutionary change for most of its geological history.

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Rafinesque's big-eared bat

Rafinesque's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), sometimes known as the southeastern big-eared bat, is a species of vesper bat native to the southeastern United States.

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Rafinesquia

Rafinesquia, commonly known as plumeseed, is a genus of flowering plants in the dandelion family, native to the western United States and northwestern Mexico.

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Rafinesquia californica

Rafinesquia californica is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names California chicory and California plumeseed.

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Rafinesquia neomexicana

Rafinesquia neomexicana is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family (Commonly called the Sunflower FamilyPam Mackay, Mojave Desert Wildflowers, 2nd Edition, p135 or Daisy Family).

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Self-medication

Self-medication is a human behavior in which an individual uses a substance or any exogenous influence to self-administer treatment for physical or psychological ailments.

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Smithsonian (magazine)

Smithsonian is the official journal published by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. The first issue was published in 1970.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.

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Smithsonian Institution Archives

The Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) is the archives of the Smithsonian Institution.

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Species

In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.

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Taíno language

Taíno is an extinct and poorly-attested Arawakan language that was spoken by the Taíno people of the Caribbean.

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The Filson Club History Quarterly

The Filson Club History Quarterly was an academic journal of American history (focusing on history of the Ohio Valley and Kentucky) published by the Filson Historical Society.

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The Filson Historical Society

The Filson Historical Society (originally named the Filson Club) is a historical society located in the Old Louisville neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky.

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The Literary Gazette

The Literary Gazette was a British literary magazine, established in London in 1817 with its full title being The Literary Gazette, and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences.

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Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson (April 13, [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.

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Thomas Nuttall

Thomas Nuttall (5 January 1786 – 10 September 1859) was an English botanist and zoologist who lived and worked in America from 1808 until 1841.

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Thomas Wright (astronomer)

Thomas Wright (22 September 171125 February 1786) was an English astronomer, mathematician, instrument maker, architect and garden designer.

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Transylvania University

Transylvania University is a private university in Lexington, Kentucky, United States.

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Unami language

Unami is an Algonquian language spoken by Lenape people in the late 17th-century and the early 18th-century, in what then was (or later became) the southern two-thirds of New Jersey, southeastern Pennsylvania and the northern two-thirds of Delaware, but later in Ontario and Oklahoma.

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University of California Press

University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

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University of Nebraska Press

The University of Nebraska Press, also known as UNP, was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books.

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University of Oklahoma Press

The University of Oklahoma Press (OU Press) is the publishing arm of the University of Oklahoma.

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University of Tennessee Press

The University of Tennessee Press is a university press associated with the University of Tennessee.

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University Press of Kentucky

The University Press of Kentucky (UPK) is the scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth of Kentucky, and was organized in 1969 as successor to the University of Kentucky Press.

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Walam Olum

The Walam Olum or Walum Olum, usually translated as "Red Record" or "Red Score," is purportedly a historical narrative of the Lenape (Delaware) Native American tribe.

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White-footed mouse

The white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) is a rodent native to North America from Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, and the Maritime Provinces (excluding the island of Newfoundland) to the southwest United States and Mexico.

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William G. Binney

William Greene Binney (October 22, 1833 – August 3, 1909) was an American malacologist, working mostly during the second half of the nineteenth century.

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Zoologische Mededelingen

Zoologische Mededelingen is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that publishes papers and monographs on animal systematics.

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Zoologische Verhandelingen

Zoologische Verhandelingen was a Dutch scientific journal covering research in zoology.

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Zoology

Zoology or animal biology is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems.

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Redirects here:

C. S. Rafinesque, C.S. Rafinesque, Constantine Rafenessque, Constantine Raffinesque, Constantine Rafinesque, Constantine S. Rafinesque, Constantine S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Raf., Rafinesque, Rafinesque (taxonomy), Sylva Telluriana.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque

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