Faster access than browser!Similarities between Controlled Substances Act and Dihydrocodeine
Controlled Substances Act and Dihydrocodeine have 14 things in common (in Unionpedia): Addiction, Analgesic, Carisoprodol, Codeine, Cough medicine, Drug Enforcement Administration, Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone, Ibuprofen, Morphine, Opioid, Oxycodone, Paracetamol, Promethazine.
Addiction
Addiction is a brain disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
Addiction and Controlled Substances Act · Addiction and Dihydrocodeine ·
Analgesic
An analgesic or painkiller is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve analgesia, relief from pain.
Analgesic and Controlled Substances Act · Analgesic and Dihydrocodeine ·
Carisoprodol
Carisoprodol, marketed under the brand name Soma among others, is a prescription drug marketed since 1959.
Carisoprodol and Controlled Substances Act · Carisoprodol and Dihydrocodeine ·
Codeine
Codeine is an opiate used to treat pain, as a cough medicine, and for diarrhea. It is typically used to treat mild to moderate degrees of pain. Greater benefit may occur when combined with paracetamol (acetaminophen) or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Evidence does not support its use for acute cough suppression in children or adults. In Europe it is not recommended as a cough medicine in those under twelve years of age. It is generally taken by mouth. It typically starts working after half an hour with maximum effect at two hours. The total duration of its effects last for about four to six hours. Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, itchiness, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. Serious side effects may include breathing difficulties and addiction. It is unclear if its use in pregnancy is safe. Care should be used during breastfeeding as it may result in opiate toxicity in the baby. Its use as of 2016 is not recommended in children. Codeine works following being broken down by the liver into morphine. How quickly this occurs depends on a person's genetics. Codeine was discovered in 1832 by Pierre Jean Robiquet. In 2013 about 361,000 kilograms of codeine were produced while 249,000 kilograms were used. This makes it the most commonly taken opiate. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.04 and 0.29 USD per dose as of 2014. In the United States it costs about one dollar a dose. Codeine occurs naturally and makes up about 2% of opium.
Codeine and Controlled Substances Act · Codeine and Dihydrocodeine ·
Cough medicine
Cough medicines are medications used in those with coughing and related conditions.
Controlled Substances Act and Cough medicine · Cough medicine and Dihydrocodeine ·
Drug Enforcement Administration
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug smuggling and use within the United States.
Controlled Substances Act and Drug Enforcement Administration · Dihydrocodeine and Drug Enforcement Administration ·
Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone, sold under brand names such as Vicodin and Norco among many others, is a semisynthetic opioid derived from codeine, one of the opioid alkaloids found in the opium poppy.
Controlled Substances Act and Hydrocodone · Dihydrocodeine and Hydrocodone ·
Hydromorphone
Hydromorphone, also known as dihydromorphinone, and sold under the brand name Dilaudid, among others, is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.
Controlled Substances Act and Hydromorphone · Dihydrocodeine and Hydromorphone ·
Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is a medication in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class that is used for treating pain, fever, and inflammation.
Controlled Substances Act and Ibuprofen · Dihydrocodeine and Ibuprofen ·
Morphine
Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate variety which is found naturally in a number of plants and animals.
Controlled Substances Act and Morphine · Dihydrocodeine and Morphine ·
Opioid
Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.
Controlled Substances Act and Opioid · Dihydrocodeine and Opioid ·
Oxycodone
Oxycodone, sold under brand names such as Percocet and OxyContin among many others, is an opioid medication which is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain.
Controlled Substances Act and Oxycodone · Dihydrocodeine and Oxycodone ·
Paracetamol
--> Acetanilide was the first aniline derivative serendipitously found to possess analgesic as well as antipyretic properties, and was quickly introduced into medical practice under the name of Antifebrin by A. Cahn and P. Hepp in 1886. But its unacceptable toxic effects, the most alarming being cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia, prompted the search for less toxic aniline derivatives. Harmon Northrop Morse had already synthesised paracetamol at Johns Hopkins University via the reduction of ''p''-nitrophenol with tin in glacial acetic acid in 1877, but it was not until 1887 that clinical pharmacologist Joseph von Mering tried paracetamol on humans. In 1893, von Mering published a paper reporting on the clinical results of paracetamol with phenacetin, another aniline derivative. Von Mering claimed that, unlike phenacetin, paracetamol had a slight tendency to produce methemoglobinemia. Paracetamol was then quickly discarded in favor of phenacetin. The sales of phenacetin established Bayer as a leading pharmaceutical company. Overshadowed in part by aspirin, introduced into medicine by Heinrich Dreser in 1899, phenacetin was popular for many decades, particularly in widely advertised over-the-counter "headache mixtures", usually containing phenacetin, an aminopyrine derivative of aspirin, caffeine, and sometimes a barbiturate. Paracetamol is the active metabolite of phenacetin and acetanilide, both once popular as analgesics and antipyretics in their own right. However, unlike phenacetin, acetanilide and their combinations, paracetamol is not considered carcinogenic at therapeutic doses. Von Mering's claims remained essentially unchallenged for half a century, until two teams of researchers from the United States analyzed the metabolism of acetanilide and paracetamol. In 1947 David Lester and Leon Greenberg found strong evidence that paracetamol was a major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and in a subsequent study they reported that large doses of paracetamol given to albino rats did not cause methemoglobinemia. In three papers published in the September 1948 issue of the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bernard Brodie, Julius Axelrod and Frederick Flinn confirmed using more specific methods that paracetamol was the major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and established that it was just as efficacious an analgesic as its precursor. They also suggested that methemoglobinemia is produced in humans mainly by another metabolite, phenylhydroxylamine. A follow-up paper by Brodie and Axelrod in 1949 established that phenacetin was also metabolised to paracetamol. This led to a "rediscovery" of paracetamol. It has been suggested that contamination of paracetamol with 4-aminophenol, the substance von Mering synthesised it from, may be the cause for his spurious findings. Paracetamol was first marketed in the United States in 1950 under the name Triagesic, a combination of paracetamol, aspirin, and caffeine. Reports in 1951 of three users stricken with the blood disease agranulocytosis led to its removal from the marketplace, and it took several years until it became clear that the disease was unconnected. Paracetamol was marketed in 1953 by Sterling-Winthrop Co. as Panadol, available only by prescription, and promoted as preferable to aspirin since it was safe for children and people with ulcers. In 1955, paracetamol was marketed as Children's Tylenol Elixir by McNeil Laboratories. In 1956, 500 mg tablets of paracetamol went on sale in the United Kingdom under the trade name Panadol, produced by Frederick Stearns & Co, a subsidiary of Sterling Drug Inc. In 1963, paracetamol was added to the British Pharmacopoeia, and has gained popularity since then as an analgesic agent with few side-effects and little interaction with other pharmaceutical agents. Concerns about paracetamol's safety delayed its widespread acceptance until the 1970s, but in the 1980s paracetamol sales exceeded those of aspirin in many countries, including the United Kingdom. This was accompanied by the commercial demise of phenacetin, blamed as the cause of analgesic nephropathy and hematological toxicity. In 1988 Sterling Winthrop was acquired by Eastman Kodak which sold the over the counter drug rights to SmithKline Beecham in 1994. Available without a prescription since 1959, it has since become a common household drug. Patents on paracetamol have long expired, and generic versions of the drug are widely available.
Controlled Substances Act and Paracetamol · Dihydrocodeine and Paracetamol ·
Promethazine
Promethazine is a neuroleptic medication and first-generation antihistamine of the phenothiazine family.
Controlled Substances Act and Promethazine · Dihydrocodeine and Promethazine ·
The list above answers the following questions
- What Controlled Substances Act and Dihydrocodeine have in common
- What are the similarities between Controlled Substances Act and Dihydrocodeine
Controlled Substances Act and Dihydrocodeine Comparison
Controlled Substances Act has 244 relations, while Dihydrocodeine has 66. As they have in common 14, the Jaccard index is 4.52% = 14 / (244 + 66).
References
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