Helium and Liquefaction of gases

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Difference between Helium and Liquefaction of gases

Helium vs. Liquefaction of gases

Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2. Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation).

Air Liquide

Air Liquide S.A. (literally "liquid air"), is a French multinational company which supplies industrial gases and services to various industries including medical, chemical and electronic manufacturers.

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Air Products & Chemicals

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. is an American international corporation whose principal business is selling gases and chemicals for industrial uses.

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Argon

Argon is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18.

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Fractional distillation

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions.

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Gas

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).

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Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

Professor Heike Kamerlingh Onnes FRSFor HFRSE FCS (21 September 1853 – 21 February 1926) was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate.

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Liquid helium

At standard pressure, the chemical element helium exists in a liquid form only at the extremely low temperature of −270 °C (about 4 K or −452.2 °F).

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Liquid nitrogen

Liquid nitrogen is nitrogen in a liquid state at an extremely low temperature.

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Melting point

The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.

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Noble gas

The noble gases (historically also the inert gases) make up a group of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity.

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Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.

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Pyotr Kapitsa

Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa or Peter Kapitza (Russian: Пётр Леони́дович Капи́ца, Romanian: Petre Capiţa (– 8 April 1984) was a leading Soviet physicist and Nobel laureate, best known for his work in low-temperature physics.

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Second sound

Second sound is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which heat transfer occurs by wave-like motion, rather than by the more usual mechanism of diffusion.

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Superfluidity

Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without loss of kinetic energy.

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Viscosity

The viscosity of a fluid is the measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress.

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