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Hypovolemic shock

Index Hypovolemic shock

Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 163 relations: Abdomen, Abdominal pain, Abscess, Acid–base disorder, Acidosis, Adenosine triphosphate, Adipsia, Albumin, Anaerobic respiration, Anemia, Antifibrinolytic, Antihypotensive agent, Arteriovenous malformation, Baroreceptor, Base excess, Beta blocker, Bleeding, Bleeding diathesis, Blood, Blood plasma, Blood pressure, Blood product, Blood urea nitrogen, Blood vessel, Blood volume, Blunt cardiac injury, Bone fracture, Bowel obstruction, Capillary refill, Cardiac index, Cardiac output, Cardiac surgery, Cardiac tamponade, Cardiology, Cellular respiration, Central venous pressure, Chest pain, Childbirth, Circulatory system, Cirrhosis, Coagulopathy, Confusion, Contractility, Coronary artery disease, Coronary ischemia, Cramp, Creatinine, Cyanosis, Dehydration, Developing country, ... Expand index (113 more) »

Abdomen

The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates.

See Hypovolemic shock and Abdomen

Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues.

See Hypovolemic shock and Abdominal pain

Abscess

An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body.

See Hypovolemic shock and Abscess

Acid–base disorder

Acid–base imbalance is an abnormality of the human body's normal balance of acids and bases that causes the plasma pH to deviate out of the normal range (7.35 to 7.45).

See Hypovolemic shock and Acid–base disorder

Acidosis

Acidosis is a biological process producing hydrogen ions and increasing their concentration in blood or body fluids.

See Hypovolemic shock and Acidosis

Adenosine triphosphate

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.

See Hypovolemic shock and Adenosine triphosphate

Adipsia

Adipsia, also known as hypodipsia, is a symptom of inappropriately decreased or absent feelings of thirst.

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Albumin

Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins.

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Anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2).

See Hypovolemic shock and Anaerobic respiration

Anemia

Anemia or anaemia (British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen.

See Hypovolemic shock and Anemia

Antifibrinolytic

Antifibrinolytics are a class of medication that are inhibitors of fibrinolysis.

See Hypovolemic shock and Antifibrinolytic

Antihypotensive agent

An antihypotensive agent, also known as a vasopressor agent or simply vasopressor, or pressor, is any substance, whether endogenous or a medication, that tends to raise low blood pressure.

See Hypovolemic shock and Antihypotensive agent

Arteriovenous malformation

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system.

See Hypovolemic shock and Arteriovenous malformation

Baroreceptor

Baroreceptors (or archaically, pressoreceptors) are sensors located in the carotid sinus (at the bifurcation of common carotid artery into external and internal carotids) and in the aortic arch.

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Base excess

In physiology, base excess and base deficit refer to an excess or deficit, respectively, in the amount of base present in the blood.

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Beta blocker

Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, are a class of medications that are predominantly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia), and to protect the heart from a second heart attack after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).

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Bleeding

Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Hypovolemic shock and Bleeding are medical emergencies.

See Hypovolemic shock and Bleeding

Bleeding diathesis

In medicine (hematology), bleeding diathesis is an unusual susceptibility to bleed (hemorrhage) mostly due to hypocoagulability (a condition of irregular and slow blood clotting), in turn caused by a coagulopathy (a defect in the system of coagulation).

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

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Blood pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels.

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Blood product

A blood product is any therapeutic substance prepared from human blood.

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Blood urea nitrogen

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a medical test that measures the amount of urea nitrogen found in blood.

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Blood vessel

Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body.

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Blood volume

Blood volume (volemia) is the volume of blood (blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual.

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Blunt cardiac injury

A blunt cardiac injury is an injury to the heart as the result of blunt trauma, typically to the anterior chest wall. Hypovolemic shock and blunt cardiac injury are medical emergencies.

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Bone fracture

A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, Fx, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body.

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Bowel obstruction

Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. Hypovolemic shock and Bowel obstruction are medical emergencies.

See Hypovolemic shock and Bowel obstruction

Capillary refill

Capillary refill time (CRT) is defined as the time taken for color to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching.

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Cardiac index

Cardiac index (CI) is a haemodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output (CO) from left ventricle in one minute to body surface area (BSA), thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual.

See Hypovolemic shock and Cardiac index

Cardiac output

In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols Q, \dot Q, or \dot Q_, edited by Catherine E. Williamson, Phillip Bennett is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured per minute).

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Cardiac surgery

Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons.

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Cardiac tamponade

Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade, is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). Hypovolemic shock and Cardiac tamponade are medical emergencies.

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Cardiology

Cardiology is the study of the heart.

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Cellular respiration

Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidized in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive the bulk production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which contains energy.

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Central venous pressure

Central venous pressure (CVP) is the blood pressure in the venae cavae, near the right atrium of the heart.

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Chest pain

Chest pain is pain or discomfort in the chest, typically the front of the chest.

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Childbirth

Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section.

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Circulatory system

The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.

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Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease, is a condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue (fibrosis) and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.

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Coagulopathy

Coagulopathy (also called a bleeding disorder) is a condition in which the blood's ability to coagulate (form clots) is impaired.

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Confusion

In medicine, confusion is the quality or state of being bewildered or unclear.

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Contractility

Contractility refers to the ability for self-contraction, especially of the muscles or similar active biological tissue.

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Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial ischemia, or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart.

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Coronary ischemia

Coronary ischemia, myocardial ischemia, or cardiac ischemia,Potochny, Evy.

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Cramp

A cramp is a sudden, involuntary, painful skeletal muscle contraction or overshortening associated with electrical activity; while generally temporary and non-damaging, they can cause significant pain and a paralysis-like immobility of the affected muscle.

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Creatinine

Creatinine (from Ancient Greek: κρέας (kréas) 'flesh') is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate from muscle and protein metabolism.

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Cyanosis

Cyanosis is the change of body tissue color to a bluish-purple hue, as a result of decrease in the amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells of the capillary bed.

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Dehydration

In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes.

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Developing country

A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.

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Diarrhea

Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.

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Diuresis

Diuresis is the excretion of urine, especially when excessive (polyuria).

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Diuretic

A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.

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Diverticulum

In medicine or biology, a diverticulum is an outpouching of a hollow (or a fluid-filled) structure in the body.

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Ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus. Hypovolemic shock and Ectopic pregnancy are medical emergencies.

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Electrocardiography

Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles.

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Electrolyte imbalance

Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body.

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Emergency medicine

Emergency medicine is the medical speciality concerned with the care of illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention. Hypovolemic shock and Emergency medicine are medical emergencies.

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Extracellular fluid

In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism.

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Fibrinogen

Fibrinogen (coagulation factor I) is a glycoprotein complex, produced in the liver, that circulates in the blood of all vertebrates.

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Fistula

In anatomy, a fistula (fistulas or fistulae; from Latin fistula, "tube, pipe") is an abnormal connection (i.e. tube) joining two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces), such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs to each other, often resulting in an abnormal flow of fluid from one space to the other.

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Fluid

In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force.

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Fluid replacement

Fluid replacement or fluid resuscitation is the medical practice of replenishing bodily fluid lost through sweating, bleeding, fluid shifts or other pathologic processes. Hypovolemic shock and fluid replacement are medical emergencies.

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Gastrointestinal bleeding

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI bleed), also called gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIB), is all forms of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the rectum.

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Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

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Heart failure

Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a syndrome caused by an impairment in the heart's ability to fill with and pump blood.

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Heart murmur

Heart murmurs are unique heart sounds produced when blood flows across a heart valve or blood vessel.

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Heart rate

Heart rate is the frequency of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (beats per minute, or bpm).

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Hematocrit

The hematocrit (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, measured as part of a blood test.

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Hematoma

A hematoma, also spelled haematoma, or blood suffusion is a localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries.

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Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin (haemoglobin, Hb or Hgb) is a protein containing iron that facilitates the transport of oxygen in red blood cells.

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Hemostasis

In biology, hemostasis or haemostasis is a process to prevent and stop bleeding, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel (the opposite of hemostasis is hemorrhage).

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Human body weight

Human body weight is a person's mass or weight.

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Human feces

Human feces (or faeces in British English) are the solid or semisolid remains of food that could not be digested or absorbed in the small intestine of humans, but has been further broken down by bacteria in the large intestine.

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Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia or Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma.

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Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium (K+) in the blood. Hypovolemic shock and Hyperkalemia are medical emergencies.

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Hypernatremia

Hypernatremia, also spelled hypernatraemia, is a high concentration of sodium in the blood.

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Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum.

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Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia or hyponatraemia is a low concentration of sodium in the blood.

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Hypotension

Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure.

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Hypothermia

Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below in humans. Hypovolemic shock and Hypothermia are medical emergencies.

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Hypovolemia

Hypovolemia, also known as volume depletion or volume contraction, is a state of abnormally low extracellular fluid in the body. Hypovolemic shock and Hypovolemia are medical emergencies.

See Hypovolemic shock and Hypovolemia

Hypoxemia

Hypoxemia is an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood.

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Iatrogenesis

Iatrogenesis is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence.

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Infection

An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce.

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Inflammation

Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.

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Injury

Injury is physiological damage to the living tissue of any organism, whether in humans, in other animals, or in plants.

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Intensive care medicine

Intensive care medicine, also called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening.

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Intensive care unit

An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.

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Ischemia

Ischemia or ischaemia is a restriction in blood supply to any tissue, muscle group, or organ of the body, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).

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Jugular venous pressure

The jugular venous pressure (JVP, sometimes referred to as jugular venous pulse) is the indirectly observed pressure over the venous system via visualization of the internal jugular vein.

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Kidney

In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.

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Kidney failure

Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly and can often be irreversible.

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Lactic acid

Lactic acid is an organic acid.

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Lactic acidosis

Lactic acidosis is a medical condition characterized by a build-up of lactate (especially -lactate) in the body, with formation of an excessively low pH in the bloodstream.

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Lethargy

Lethargy is a state of tiredness, sleepiness, weariness, fatigue, sluggishness or lack of energy.

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Medical emergency

A medical emergency is an acute injury or illness that poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long-term health, sometimes referred to as a situation risking "life or limb". Hypovolemic shock and medical emergency are medical emergencies.

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Mental state

A mental state, or a mental property, is a state of mind of a person.

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Mental status examination

The mental status examination (MSE) is an important part of the clinical assessment process in neurological and psychiatric practice.

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Mesentery

In human anatomy, the mesentery, an organ that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall, comprises the double fold of the peritoneum.

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Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance.

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Mitochondrion

A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi.

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Mortality rate

Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

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Mucous membrane

A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs.

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Myocardial contractility

Myocardial contractility represents the innate ability of the heart muscle (cardiac muscle or myocardium) to contract.

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Neoplasm

A neoplasm is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.

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Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage.

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Obstetrics

Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period.

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Organ (biology)

In a multicellular organism, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.

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Orthostatic hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, is a medical condition wherein a person's blood pressure drops when standing up or sitting down.

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Oxygen saturation

Oxygen saturation (symbol SO2) is a relative measure of the concentration of oxygen that is dissolved or carried in a given medium as a proportion of the maximal concentration that can be dissolved in that medium at the given temperature.

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Oxygen saturation (medicine)

Oxygen saturation is the fraction of oxygen-saturated haemoglobin relative to total haemoglobin (unsaturated + saturated) in the blood.

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Pallor

Pallor is a pale color of the skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of oxyhaemoglobin and may also be visible as pallor of the conjunctivae of the eyes on physical examination.

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Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pancreas.

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Peptic ulcer disease

Peptic ulcer disease is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus.

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Perfusion

Perfusion is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue.

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Peripheral edema

Peripheral edema is edema (accumulation of fluid causing swelling) in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs.

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Permissive hypotension

Permissive hypotension or hypotensive resuscitation is the use of restrictive fluid therapy, specifically in the trauma patient, that increases systemic blood pressure without reaching normotension (normal blood pressures).

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Physical examination

In a physical examination, medical examination, clinical examination, or medical checkup, a medical practitioner examines a patient for any possible medical signs or symptoms of a medical condition.

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Platelet

Platelets or thrombocytes are a blood component whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot.

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Pneumothorax

A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall. Hypovolemic shock and pneumothorax are medical emergencies.

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Preload (cardiology)

In cardiac physiology, preload is the amount of sarcomere stretch experienced by cardiac muscle cells, called cardiomyocytes, at the end of ventricular filling during diastole.

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Psychomotor agitation

Psychomotor agitation is a symptom in various disorders and health conditions.

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Pulse

In medicine, a pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the cardiac cycle (heartbeat) by fingertips.

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Pulse oximetry

Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring blood oxygen saturation.

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Pulse pressure

Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

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Respiratory rate

The respiratory rate is the rate at which breathing occurs; it is set and controlled by the respiratory center of the brain.

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Resuscitation

Resuscitation is the process of correcting physiological disorders (such as lack of breathing or heartbeat) in an acutely ill patient.

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Retroperitoneal space

The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) behind (retro) the peritoneum.

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Ringer's lactate solution

Ringer's lactate solution (RL), also known as sodium lactate solution, Lactated Ringer's, and Hartmann's solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water.

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Salt

In common usage, salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl).

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Shock (circulatory)

Shock is the state of insufficient blood flow to the tissues of the body as a result of problems with the circulatory system. Hypovolemic shock and Shock (circulatory) are medical emergencies.

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Sodium

Sodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Na (from Neo-Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.

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Splenic injury

A splenic injury, which includes a ruptured spleen, is any injury to the spleen.

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Stoma

In botany, a stoma (stomata, from Greek στόμα, "mouth"), also called a stomate (stomates), is a pore found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that controls the rate of gas exchange between the internal air spaces of the leaf and the atmosphere.

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Surgery

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (i.e., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass), to reconstruct or improve aesthetics and appearance (cosmetic surgery), or to remove unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars or skin tags) or foreign bodies.

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Sympathetic nervous system

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the others being the parasympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.

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Systole

Systole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which some chambers of the heart contract after refilling with blood.

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Tachycardia

Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate.

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Tachypnea

Tachypnea, also spelt tachypnoea, is a respiratory rate greater than normal, resulting in abnormally rapid and shallow breathing.

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Temperature

Temperature is a physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness.

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Thigh

In anatomy, the thigh is the area between the hip (pelvis) and the knee.

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Thirst

Thirst is the craving for potable fluids, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink.

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Thoracic wall

The thoracic wall or chest wall is the boundary of the thoracic cavity.

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Thorax

The thorax (thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

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Ultrasound

Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz.

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United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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Urination

Urination is the release of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

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Urine osmolality

Urine osmolality is a measure of urine concentration, in which large values indicate concentrated urine and small values indicate diluted urine.

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Uterus

The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.

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Vagina

In mammals and other animals, the vagina (vaginas or vaginae) is the elastic, muscular reproductive organ of the female genital tract.

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Vaginal bleeding

Vaginal bleeding is any expulsion of blood from the vagina.

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Vasoconstriction

Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles.

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Vein

Veins are blood vessels in the circulatory system of humans and most other animals that carry blood towards the heart.

See Hypovolemic shock and Vein

Venae cavae

In anatomy, the venae cavae (vena cava) are two large veins (great vessels) that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart.

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Ventilator

A ventilator is a type of breathing apparatus, a class of medical technology that provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs, to deliver breaths to a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently.

See Hypovolemic shock and Ventilator

Vital signs

Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions.

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Volume contraction

Volume contraction is a decrease in the volume of body fluid, including the dissolved substances that maintain osmotic balance (osmolytes).

See Hypovolemic shock and Volume contraction

Volume expander

A volume expander is a type of intravenous therapy that has the function of providing volume for the circulatory system.

See Hypovolemic shock and Volume expander

Vomiting

Vomiting (also known as emesis and throwing up) is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.

See Hypovolemic shock and Vomiting

Water

Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

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Water extraction

Water extraction (also known as water withdrawal, water abstraction, and water intake) is the process of taking water from any source, either temporarily or permanently, for flood control or to obtain water for, for example, irrigation.

See Hypovolemic shock and Water extraction

Wound

A wound is any disruption of or damage to living tissue, such as skin, mucous membranes, or organs. Hypovolemic shock and wound are medical emergencies.

See Hypovolemic shock and Wound

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypovolemic_shock

Also known as Hemorrhagic shock, Shock index.

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