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289 relations: Adam Osborne, Advanced Micro Devices, Alan Alda, American Megatrends, Amiga, APC III, APL (programming language), Apple II, Apple III, Apple Lisa, Application-specific integrated circuit, Armonk, New York, ASCII, AT&T Corporation, Atari 8-bit family, Atari ST, AutoCAD, Award Software, Backspace, BASIC, Benjamin M. Rosen, Beverly Sills, Bill Gates, Billy Martin, BIOS, Bit, Boca Raton, Florida, Boston Marathon, Breadboard, Broward County, Florida, Bubble memory, Bus (computing), Byte (magazine), Cash register, Cathode ray tube, Celebrity branding, Central processing unit, Centronics, Charlie Chaplin, Chiclet keyboard, Chris Espinosa, Code page, Code page 437, Color Graphics Adapter, Colorburst, Colossal Cave Adventure, Columbia Data Products, COMDEX, Commercial off-the-shelf, Commodore PET, ..., Compact Cassette, Compaq, Compaq Portable, Computer keyboard, Computer Memories Inc., Computer memory, Computer mouse, Computer terminal, ComputerLand, Computing platform, Control key, Conventional memory, Coprocessor, CP/M, CP/M-86, Cromemco, D&B Software, Dan Bricklin, Data General, David Bradley (engineer), David Bunnell, Desktop computer, Digital Equipment Corporation, Digital Research, DIN connector, Disk controller, DOS, Dynamic random-access memory, EasyWriter, Emulator, Endicott, New York, Enhanced Graphics Adapter, Enter key, Esc key, Expanded memory, Expansion card, Exxon, Federal Communications Commission, File Allocation Table, File system, Flight simulator, Floating-point arithmetic, Floppy disk, Flux (metallurgy), Fortune (magazine), Fortune 500, Frank T. Cary, Game port, General Electric, George Orwell, Glossary of video game terms, GW-BASIC, Hard disk drive, Hercules Graphics Card, Hertz, Hewlett-Packard, Hexadecimal, Hitting the wall, Home computer, HP 9800 series, IBM, IBM 1130, IBM 3270, IBM 3270 PC, IBM 386SLC, IBM 5100, IBM 5120, IBM 5151, IBM 801, IBM Aptiva, IBM BASIC, IBM cassette tape, IBM Displaywriter System, IBM JX, IBM Monochrome Display Adapter, IBM PALM processor, IBM PC compatible, IBM PC Convertible, IBM PC DOS, IBM PC keyboard, IBM PCjr, IBM Personal Computer XT, IBM Personal Computer/AT, IBM Personal System/2, IBM Portable Personal Computer, IBM System/23, IBM System/370, Industry Standard Architecture, Influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market, InfoWorld, Infrared, Input/output base address, Installed base, Intel, Intel 80286, Intel 8086, Intel 8087, Intel 8088, Intel 8237, Intel 8253, Intel 8255, Intel 8259, ISO/IEC 8859-1, Jerry Pournelle, John C. Dvorak, John R. Opel, Jon Shirley, Jumper (computing), Kermit the Frog, Key Tronic, Kilobit, Kilobyte, Laptop, List of IBM products, Lockout chip, Lotus 1-2-3, Macintosh, Mainframe computer, Mark Dean (computer scientist), McDonald's, Megabyte, Micro Channel architecture, Microcomputer, Microsoft, Microsoft BASIC, Mike Markkula, MiniScribe, Mitel, Model M keyboard, Modem, Modern Times (film), Modified Frequency Modulation, Monochrome monitor, Montgomery Ward, Motherboard, Motorola, Motorola 68000, MVS, National Weather Service, NEC V20, Nineteen Eighty-Four, Nonvolatile BIOS memory, North Star Computers, Not invented here, Open architecture, Original equipment manufacturer, OS/2, Osborne 1, Otrona, Panasonic, Paper shredder, PARC (company), Parity bit, PC Magazine, PC speaker, PC World, PC-based IBM-compatible mainframes, PDF, Pentel, Personal computer, Philip Don Estridge, Philips, Phoenix Technologies, Plotter, Portable computer, Price war, Printed circuit board, Professional Graphics Controller, Pulse-width modulation, QBasic, RadioShack, Radiosonde, Random-access memory, Read-only memory, Real-time clock, Reduced instruction set computer, Reverse engineering, Richard Sapper, RS-232, S&P Global, Sage 50 Accounting, Sears, Seiko Epson, Serial port, Shift key, Smithsonian Institution, Software, Software Arts, Solder, Sony, Source code, Sperry Corporation, Startup company, Steve Jobs, Super Bowl commercials, System request, Tallgrass Technologies, Tandy Corporation, Tecmar, Television, Television set, Texas Instruments, Texas Instruments TI-99/4A, Texas Instruments TMS9900, The Tramp, The Wall Street Journal, ThinkCentre, ThinkPad, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Time (magazine), Token ring, Tom Hardy (designer), TRS-80, UCSD Pascal, Unicode, United States dollar, UNIVAC, USB, Vector Graphic, Vertical integration, Video Graphics Array, VisiCalc, VisiCorp, VT100, Wait state, Wally Rhines, Wang 2200, Weather balloon, West Coast Computer Faire, William C. Lowe, Windows-1251, X-ray, Xerox Alto, Yankee Group, Yorktown Heights, New York, YouTube, 16550 UART, 1984 (advertisement), 8250 UART. Expand index (239 more) »
Adam Osborne
Adam Osborne (March 6, 1939 – March 18, 2003) was a Thailand-born British-American author, book and software publisher, and computer designer who founded several companies in the United States and elsewhere.
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Advanced Micro Devices
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.
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Alan Alda
Alan Alda (born Alphonso Joseph D'Abruzzo; January 28, 1936) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and author.
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American Megatrends
American Megatrends Incorporated (AMI) is an American hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware.
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Amiga
The Amiga is a family of personal computers introduced by Commodore in 1985.
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APC III
The APC III (Advanced Personal Computer) was released by NEC in 1984.
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APL (programming language)
APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson.
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Apple II
The Apple II (stylized as Apple.
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Apple III
The Apple III (often styled as apple ///) is a business-oriented personal computer produced and released by Apple Computer in 1980.
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Apple Lisa
The Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, released on January 19, 1983.
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Application-specific integrated circuit
An Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), is an integrated circuit (IC) customized for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use.
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Armonk, New York
Armonk is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of North Castle, New York located in Westchester County.
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ASCII
ASCII, abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication.
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AT&T Corporation
AT&T Corp., originally the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, is the subsidiary of AT&T that provides voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications and professional services to businesses, consumers, and government agencies.
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Atari 8-bit family
The Atari 8-bit family is a series of 8-bit home computers introduced by Atari, Inc. in 1979 and manufactured until 1992.
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Atari ST
The Atari ST is a line of home computers from Atari Corporation and the successor to the Atari 8-bit family.
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AutoCAD
AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software application.
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Award Software
Award Software International Inc. was a BIOS manufacturer founded in 1983, by Rene Vishney and Bob Stillman in San Jose, California.
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Backspace
Backspace is the keyboard key that originally pushed the typewriter carriage one position backwards, and in modern computer systems moves the display cursor one position backwards,"Backwards" means to the left for left-to-right languages.
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BASIC
BASIC (an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.
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Benjamin M. Rosen
Benjamin "Ben" M. Rosen (born March 11, 1933) is the former Chairman and former Acting Chief Executive Officer of Compaq and co-founder of Sevin Rosen Funds.
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Beverly Sills
Beverly Sills (born Belle Miriam Silverman, May 25, 1929July 2, 2007) was an American operatic soprano whose peak career was between the 1950s and 1970s.
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Bill Gates
William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.
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Billy Martin
Alfred Manuel Martin Jr. (May 16, 1928 – December 25, 1989), commonly known as Billy Martin, was an American Major League Baseball second baseman and manager who, as well as leading other teams, was five times the manager of the New York Yankees.
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BIOS
BIOS (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS) is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.
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Bit
The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.
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Boca Raton, Florida
Boca Raton (lit) is the southernmost city in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States, first incorporated on August 2, 1924 as "Bocaratone," and then incorporated as "Boca Raton" in 1925.
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Boston Marathon
The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon hosted by several cities in greater Boston in eastern Massachusetts, United States.
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Breadboard
A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics.
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Broward County, Florida
Broward County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida.
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Bubble memory
Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that uses a thin film of a magnetic material to hold small magnetized areas, known as bubbles or domains, each storing one bit of data.
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Bus (computing)
In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
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Byte (magazine)
Byte was an American microcomputer magazine, influential in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage.
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Cash register
A cash register, also referred to as a till in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries, is a mechanical or electronic device for registering and calculating transactions at a point of sale.
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Cathode ray tube
The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that contains one or more electron guns and a phosphorescent screen, and is used to display images.
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Celebrity branding
Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters.
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Central processing unit
A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.
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Centronics
Centronics Data Computer Corporation was an American manufacturer of computer printers, now remembered primarily for the parallel interface that bears its name, the Centronics connector.
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Charlie Chaplin
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film.
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Chiclet keyboard
A chiclet keyboard, or island-style keyboard, is a type of input device for electronic systems such as personal computers, calculators and remote controls that uses keys in the shape of small squares with rounded corners and straight sides, in the style of Chiclets, an American chewing gum brand.
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Chris Espinosa
Chris Espinosa is a senior employee of Apple Inc., officially employee number 8.
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Code page
In computing, a code page is a table of values that describes the character set used for encoding a particular set of characters, usually combined with a number of control characters.
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Code page 437
Code page 437 is the character set of the original IBM PC (personal computer), or DOS.
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Color Graphics Adapter
The Color Graphics Adapter (CGA), originally also called the Color/Graphics Adapter or IBM Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter, introduced in 1981, was IBM's first graphics card and first color display card for the IBM PC.
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Colorburst
Colorburst is an analog video, composite video signal generated by a video-signal generator used to keep the chrominance subcarrier synchronized in a color television signal.
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Colossal Cave Adventure
Colossal Cave Adventure (also known as ADVENT, Colossal Cave, or Adventure) is a text adventure game, developed originally in 1976, by Will Crowther for the PDP-10 mainframe.
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Columbia Data Products
Columbia Data Products (CDP) was a company which produced some of the first IBM PC clones.
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COMDEX
COMDEX (an abbreviation of Computer Dealers' Exhibition) was a computer expo trade show held at various locations in the Las Vegas Valley of Nevada, USA, each November from 1979 to 2003.
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Commercial off-the-shelf
Commercial off-the-shelf or commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) satisfy the needs of the purchasing organization, without the need to commission custom-made, or bespoke, solutions.
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Commodore PET
The Commodore PET (Personal Electronic Transactor) is a line of home/personal computers produced starting in 1977 by Commodore International.
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Compact Cassette
The Compact Audio Cassette (CAC) or Musicassette (MC), also commonly called the cassette tape or simply tape or cassette, is an analog magnetic tape recording format for audio recording and playback.
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Compaq
Compaq (a portmanteau of Compatibility And Quality; occasionally referred to as CQ prior to its final logo) was a company founded in 1982 that developed, sold, and supported computers and related products and services.
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Compaq Portable
The Compaq Portable is an early portable computer which was one of the first 100% IBM PC compatible systems.
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Computer keyboard
In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.
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Computer Memories Inc.
Computer Memories Inc. (CMI) was a Chatsworth, California manufacturer of hard disks during the early 1980s.
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Computer memory
In computing, memory refers to the computer hardware integrated circuits that store information for immediate use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary storage".
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Computer mouse
A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface.
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Computer terminal
A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying or printing data from, a computer or a computing system.
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ComputerLand
ComputerLand was a widespread chain of retail computer stores during the early years of the microcomputer revolution, and was one of the outlets (along with Computer City and Sears) chosen to introduce the IBM PC in 1981.
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Computing platform
A computing platform or digital platform is the environment in which a piece of software is executed.
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Control key
In computing, a Control key is a modifier key which, when pressed in conjunction with another key, performs a special operation (for example, C); similar to the Shift key, the Control key rarely performs any function when pressed by itself.
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Conventional memory
In DOS memory management, conventional memory, also called base memory, is the first 640 kilobytes of the memory on IBM PC or compatible systems.
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Coprocessor
A coprocessor is a computer processor used to supplement the functions of the primary processor (the CPU).
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CP/M
CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created for Intel 8080/85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc.
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CP/M-86
CP/M-86 was a version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088.
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Cromemco
Cromemco was a Mountain View, California microcomputer company known for its high-end Z80-based S-100 bus computers and peripherals in the early days of the personal computer revolution.
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D&B Software
D&B Software (Dun & Bradstreet Software Services) was formed by the merger of the Management Science America and McCormack & Dodge companies in June 1990, under the ownership of the Dun & Bradstreet corporation.
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Dan Bricklin
Daniel Singer "Dan" Bricklin (born 16 July 1951), often referred to as “The Father of the Spreadsheet”, is the American co-creator, with Bob Frankston, of the VisiCalc spreadsheet program.
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Data General
Data General was one of the first minicomputer firms from the late 1960s.
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David Bradley (engineer)
David J. Bradley (born 4 January 1949) is one of the twelve engineers who worked on the original IBM PC, developing the computer's ROM BIOS code.
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David Bunnell
David Hugh Bunnell (July 25, 1947 – October 18, 2016) was a pioneer of the personal computing industry who founded some of the most successful computer magazines including PC Magazine, PC World, and Macworld.
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Desktop computer
A desktop computer is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements.
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Digital Equipment Corporation
Digital Equipment Corporation, also known as DEC and using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1950s to the 1990s.
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Digital Research
Digital Research, Inc. (also known as DR or DRI) was a company created by Gary Kildall to market and develop his CP/M operating system and related 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit systems like MP/M, Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, DOS Plus, DR DOS and GEM.
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DIN connector
A DIN connector is an electrical connector that was originally standardized in the early 1970s by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), the German national standards organization.
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Disk controller
The disk controller is the controller circuit which enables the CPU to communicate with a hard disk, floppy disk or other kind of disk drive.
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DOS
DOS is a family of disk operating systems.
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Dynamic random-access memory
Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.
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EasyWriter
EasyWriter was a word processor first written for the Apple II series computer in 1979, the first word processor for that platform.
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Emulator
In computing, an emulator is hardware or software that enables one computer system (called the host) to behave like another computer system (called the guest).
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Endicott, New York
Endicott is a village in Broome County, New York, United States.
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Enhanced Graphics Adapter
The Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) is an IBM PC computer display standard from 1984 that superseded and exceeded the capabilities of the CGA standard introduced with the original IBM PC, and was itself superseded by the VGA standard in 1987.
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Enter key
On computer keyboards, the enter key (or the return key on Macs and most Sun Workstations) in most cases causes a command line, window form, or dialog box to operate its default function.
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Esc key
On computer keyboards, the Esc key (named Escape key in the international standard series ISO/IEC 9995) is a key used to generate the escape character (which can be represented as ASCII code 27 in decimal, Unicode U+001B, or.
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Expanded memory
In DOS memory management, expanded memory is a system of bank switching that provided additional memory to DOS programs beyond the limit of conventional memory (640 KB).
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Expansion card
In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.
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Exxon
Exxon was the brand name of oil and natural resources company Exxon Corporation, prior to 1972 known as Standard Oil Company of New Jersey.
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Federal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government created by statute (and) to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.
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File Allocation Table
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a computer file system architecture and a family of industry-standard file systems utilizing it.
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File system
In computing, a file system or filesystem controls how data is stored and retrieved.
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Flight simulator
A flight simulator is a device that artificially re-creates aircraft flight and the environment in which it flies, for pilot training, design, or other purposes.
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Floating-point arithmetic
In computing, floating-point arithmetic is arithmetic using formulaic representation of real numbers as an approximation so as to support a trade-off between range and precision.
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Floppy disk
A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.
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Flux (metallurgy)
In metallurgy, a flux (derived from Latin fluxus meaning “flow”) is a chemical cleaning agent, flowing agent, or purifying agent.
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Fortune (magazine)
Fortune is an American multinational business magazine headquartered in New York City, United States.
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Fortune 500
The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years.
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Frank T. Cary
Frank T. Cary (14 December 1920, Gooding, Idaho – 1 January 2006, Darien, Connecticut) was an American executive and businessman.
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Game port
The game port, originally introduced on the Game Control Adapter, is a device port that was found on IBM PC compatible and other computer systems throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
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General Electric
General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate incorporated in New York and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts.
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George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist and critic whose work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism and outspoken support of democratic socialism.
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Glossary of video game terms
This is a glossary of video game terms which lists the general terms as commonly used in Wikipedia articles related to video games and its industry.
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GW-BASIC
GW-BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language developed by Microsoft from BASICA, originally for Compaq.
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Hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is an electromechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.
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Hercules Graphics Card
The Hercules Graphics Card (HGC) is a computer graphics controller made by Hercules Computer Technology, Inc. that combines IBM's text-only MDA display standard with a bitmapped graphics mode.
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Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.
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Hewlett-Packard
The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.
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Hexadecimal
In mathematics and computing, hexadecimal (also base, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16.
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Hitting the wall
In endurance sports such as cycling and running, hitting the wall or the bonk is a condition of sudden fatigue and loss of energy which is caused by the depletion of glycogen stores in the liver and muscles.
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Home computer
Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.
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HP 9800 series
The HP 9800 was a family of what were initially called programmable calculators and later desktop computers made by Hewlett-Packard, replacing their first HP 9100 calculator.
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IBM
The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.
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IBM 1130
The IBM 1130 Computing System, introduced in 1965, was IBM's least expensive computer at that time.
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IBM 3270
The IBM 3270 is a class of block oriented computer terminal (sometimes called display devices) introduced by IBM in 1971 normally used to communicate with IBM mainframes.
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IBM 3270 PC
The IBM 3270 PC (IBM System Unit 5271), released in October 1983, was an IBM PC XT containing additional hardware which could emulate the behaviour of an IBM 3270 terminal.
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IBM 386SLC
The 386SLC was an Intel-licensed version of the 386SX (32-bit internal, 16-bit external, 24-bit memory addressing), developed and manufactured by IBM in 1991.
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IBM 5100
The IBM 5100 Portable Computer is a portable computer (one of the first) introduced in September 1975, six years before the IBM Personal Computer.
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IBM 5120
The IBM 5120 Computing System (sometimes referred to as the IBM 5110 Model 3) was announced in February 1980 as the desktop follow-on to the IBM 5110 Computing System.
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IBM 5151
The IBM 5151 was a 12" transistor–transistor logic (TTL) monochrome monitor, shipped with the original IBM Personal Computer.
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IBM 801
The 801 was an experimental minicomputer designed by IBM.
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IBM Aptiva
The IBM Aptiva personal computer was introduced in September 1994 as the replacement for the IBM PS/1.
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IBM BASIC
The IBM Personal Computer Basic, commonly shortened to IBM BASIC, is a programming language first released by IBM with the IBM Personal Computer (model 5150) in 1981.
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IBM cassette tape
On the original IBM Personal Computer, and the IBM PCjr, an interface was provided to allow the use of a compact cassette tape recorder to load and save data and programs.
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IBM Displaywriter System
The IBM Displaywriter System 6580 was a dedicated microcomputer-based word processing machine that IBM's Office Products Division introduced in June 1980.
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IBM JX
The IBM JX (or JXPC) was a personal computer released in 1984 into the Japanese, Australian and New Zealand markets.
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IBM Monochrome Display Adapter
The Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA, also MDA card, Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, MDPA) is IBM's standard video display card and computer display standard for the PC introduced in 1981.
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IBM PALM processor
The IBM PALM processor (Put All Logic in Microcode) is a board-level 16-bit central processing unit used in the IBM 5100 Portable Computer, a predecessor of the IBM PC.
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IBM PC compatible
IBM PC compatible computers are computers similar to the original IBM PC, XT, and AT, able to use the same software and expansion cards.
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IBM PC Convertible
The IBM PC Convertible is the first laptop computer released by IBM.
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IBM PC DOS
IBM PC DOS (an acronym for IBM personal computer disk operating system) is a discontinued operating system for the IBM Personal Computer, manufactured and sold by IBM from the early 1980s into the 2000s.
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IBM PC keyboard
The keyboard for IBM PC-compatible computers is standardized.
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IBM PCjr
The IBM PCjr (read "PC junior") was IBM's first attempt to enter the home computer market.
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IBM Personal Computer XT
The IBM Personal Computer XT, often shortened to the IBM XT, PC XT, or simply XT, is a version of the IBM PC with a built-in hard drive.
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IBM Personal Computer/AT
The IBM Personal Computer AT, more commonly known as the IBM AT and also sometimes called the PC AT or PC/AT, was IBM's second-generation PC, designed around the 6 MHz Intel 80286 microprocessor and released in 1984 as System Unit 5170.
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IBM Personal System/2
The Personal System/2 or PS/2 was IBM's third generation of personal computers.
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IBM Portable Personal Computer
The IBM Portable Personal Computer 5155 model 68 was an early portable computer developed by IBM after the success of the suitcase-size Compaq Portable.
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IBM System/23
The System/23 Datamaster (Model 5322 desk-top model and Model 5324 floor model) was announced by IBM in July 1981.
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IBM System/370
The IBM System/370 (S/370) was a model range of IBM mainframe computers announced on June 30, 1970 as the successors to the System/360 family.
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Industry Standard Architecture
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) is a retronym term for the 16-bit internal bus of IBM PC/AT and similar computers based on the Intel 80286 and its immediate successors during the 1980s.
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Influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market
Following the introduction of the IBM Personal Computer, or IBM PC, many other personal computer architectures became extinct within just a few years.
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InfoWorld
InfoWorld (formerly The Intelligent Machines Journal) is an information technology media business.
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Infrared
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.
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Input/output base address
In the x86 architecture, an input/output base address is the first address of a range of consecutive read/write addresses that a device uses on the x86's IO bus.
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Installed base
Installed base (also install base, install user base or just user base) is a measure of the number of units of a product or service that are actually in use, especially software or an Internet or computing platform, as opposed to market share, which only reflects sales over a particular period.
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Intel
Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.
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Intel 80286
The Intel 80286 (also marketed as the iAPX 286 and often called Intel 286) is a 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced on 1 February 1982.
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Intel 8086
The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and mid-1978, when it was released.
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Intel 8087
The Intel 8087, announced in 1980, was the first x87 floating-point coprocessor for the 8086 line of microprocessors.
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Intel 8088
The Intel 8088 ("eighty-eighty-eight", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086.
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Intel 8237
Intel 8237 is a direct memory access (DMA) controller, a part of the MCS 85 microprocessor family.
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Intel 8253
The Intel 8253 and 8254 are Programmable Interval Timers (PITs), which perform timing and counting functions using three 16-bit counters.
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Intel 8255
The Intel 8255 (or i8255) Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) chip was developed and manufactured by Intel in the first half of the 1970s for the Intel 8080 microprocessor.
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Intel 8259
The Intel 8259 is a Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) designed for the Intel 8085 and Intel 8086 microprocessors.
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ISO/IEC 8859-1
ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 1: Latin alphabet No.
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Jerry Pournelle
Jerry Eugene Pournelle (August 7, 1933 – September 8, 2017) was an American science fiction writer, essayist, and journalist who contributed for many years to the computer magazine Byte in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s.
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John C. Dvorak
John Charles Dvorak (born April 5, 1952) is an American columnist and broadcaster in the areas of technology and computing.
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John R. Opel
John Roberts Opel (January 5, 1925, in Kansas City, Missouri – November 3, 2011, in Fort Myers, Florida) was a U.S. computer businessman.
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Jon Shirley
Jon A. Shirley (born April 12, 1938) is a former president, chief operating officer, and director of the Microsoft corporation.
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Jumper (computing)
In electronics and particularly computing, a jumper is a short length of conductor used to close, open or bypass part of an electronic circuit.
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Kermit the Frog
Kermit the Frog is a Muppet character and Jim Henson's most well-known creation.
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Key Tronic
Key Tronic is a contract manufacturer.
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Kilobit
The kilobit is a multiple of the unit bit for digital information or computer storage.
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Kilobyte
The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Laptop
A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.
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List of IBM products
The following is a partial list of products, services, and subsidiaries of International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation and its predecessor corporations, beginning in the 1890s.
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Lockout chip
In a general sense, a lockout chip is a chip within an electronic device to prevent other manufacturers from using a company's device to perform certain functions.
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Lotus 1-2-3
Lotus 1-2-3 is a discontinued spreadsheet program from Lotus Software (later part of IBM).
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Macintosh
The Macintosh (pronounced as; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.
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Mainframe computer
Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron") are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing.
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Mark Dean (computer scientist)
Mark E. Dean (born March 2, 1957) is an American inventor and computer engineer.
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McDonald's
McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.
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Megabyte
The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Micro Channel architecture
Micro Channel architecture, or the Micro Channel bus, was a proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus introduced by IBM in 1987 which was used on PS/2 and other computers until the mid-1990s.
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Microcomputer
A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU).
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Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.
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Microsoft BASIC
Microsoft BASIC is the foundation product of the Microsoft company.
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Mike Markkula
Armas Clifford "Mike" Markkula Jr. (born February 11, 1942) is an American businessman and investor.
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MiniScribe
MiniScribe was a manufacturer of disk storage products, founded in Longmont, Colorado in 1980.
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Mitel
Mitel Networks Corporation is a telecommunications company providing unified communications solutions for business.
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Model M keyboard
Model M is a designation for a group of computer keyboards manufactured by IBM starting in 1984, and later by Lexmark, Unicomp and MaxiSwitch.
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Modem
A modem (modulator–demodulator) is a network hardware device that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information.
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Modern Times (film)
Modern Times is a 1936 American comedy film written and directed by Charlie Chaplin in which his iconic Little Tramp character struggles to survive in the modern, industrialized world.
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Modified Frequency Modulation
Modified Frequency Modulation, commonly MFM, is a run-length limited (RLL) coding scheme used to encode the actual data-bits on most floppy disks.
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Monochrome monitor
A monochrome monitor is a type of CRT computer monitor which was very common in the early days of computing, from the 1960s through the 1980s, before color monitors became popular.
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Montgomery Ward
Montgomery Ward Inc. is the name of two historically distinct American retail enterprises.
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Motherboard
A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, baseboard, planar board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose microcomputers and other expandable systems.
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Motorola
Motorola, Inc. was an American multinational telecommunications company founded on September 25, 1928, based in Schaumburg, Illinois.
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Motorola 68000
The Motorola 68000 ("'sixty-eight-thousand'"; also called the m68k or Motorola 68k, "sixty-eight-kay") is a 16/32-bit CISC microprocessor, which implements a 32-bit instruction set, with 32-bit registers and 32-bit internal data bus, but with a 16-bit data ALU and two 16-bit arithmetic ALUs and a 16-bit external data bus, designed and marketed by Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector.
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MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, was the most commonly used operating system on the System/370 and System/390 IBM mainframe computers.
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National Weather Service
The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States Federal Government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information.
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NEC V20
The NEC V20 (μPD70108) was a processor made by NEC that was a reverse-engineered, pin-compatible version of the Intel 8088 with an instruction set compatible with the Intel 80186.
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Nineteen Eighty-Four
Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.
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Nonvolatile BIOS memory
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings.
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North Star Computers
North Star Computers Inc. (later styled as NorthStar™) was an American computer company based in Berkeley, California existing between June 1976 (when according to popular rumor it was formed as "Kentucky Fried Computers") and 1984.
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Not invented here
Not invented here (NIH) is a stance adopted by social, corporate, or institutional cultures that avoid using or buying already existing products, research, standards, or knowledge because of their external origins and costs, such as royalties.
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Open architecture
Open architecture is a type of computer architecture or software architecture that is designed to make adding, upgrading and swapping components easy.
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Original equipment manufacturer
An Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) is a company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.
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OS/2
OS/2 is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci.
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Osborne 1
The Osborne 1 was the first commercially successful portable microcomputer, released on April 3, 1981, by Osborne Computer Corporation.
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Otrona
Otrona was an early Colorado manufacturer of business portable CP/M and MS-DOS compatible computers.
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Panasonic
, formerly known as, is a Japanese multinational electronics corporation headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan.
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Paper shredder
A paper shredder is a mechanical device used to cut paper into either strips or fine particles.
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PARC (company)
PARC (Palo Alto Research Center; formerly Xerox PARC) is a research and development company in Palo Alto, California, with a distinguished reputation for its contributions to information technology and hardware systems.
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Parity bit
A parity bit, or check bit, is a bit added to a string of binary code to ensure that the total number of 1-bits in the string is even or odd.
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PC Magazine
PC Magazine (shortened as PCMag) is an American computer magazine published by Ziff Davis.
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PC speaker
A PC speaker is a loudspeaker built into most IBM PC compatible computers.
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PC World
PC World, stylized PCWorld, is a global computer magazine published monthly by IDG.
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PC-based IBM-compatible mainframes
Since the rise of the personal computer in the 1980s, IBM and other vendors have created PC-based IBM-compatible mainframes which are compatible with the larger IBM mainframe computers.
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The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
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Pentel
is a privately held Japanese company which produces stationery products.
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Personal computer
A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.
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Philip Don Estridge
Philip Donald Estridge (June 23, 1937 – August 2, 1985), known as Don Estridge, led development of the original IBM Personal Computer (PC), and thus is known as "father of the IBM PC".
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Philips
Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Philips, stylized as PHILIPS) is a Dutch multinational technology company headquartered in Amsterdam currently focused in the area of healthcare.
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Phoenix Technologies
Phoenix Technologies Ltd is an American company that designs, develops and supports core system software for personal computers and other computing devices.
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Plotter
The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics.
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Portable computer
A portable computer was a computer designed to be easily moved from one place to another and included a display and keyboard.
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Price war
Price war is "commercial competition characterized by the repeated cutting of prices below those of competitors".
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Printed circuit board
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.
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Professional Graphics Controller
Professional Graphics Controller (PGC, often called Professional Graphics Adapter and sometimes Professional Graphics Array) is a graphics card manufactured by IBM for PCs.
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Pulse-width modulation
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal.
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QBasic
QBasic, a short form of Quick Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, is an integrated development environment and interpreter for a variety of BASIC programming languages which are based on QuickBASIC.
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RadioShack
RadioShack, formally RadioShack Corporation, is the trade name of an American retailer founded in 1921, which operates a chain of electronics stores.
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Radiosonde
A radiosonde is a battery-powered telemetry instrument package carried into the atmosphere usually by a weather balloon that measures various atmospheric parameters and transmits them by radio to a ground receiver.
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Random-access memory
Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage that stores data and machine code currently being used.
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Read-only memory
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
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Real-time clock
A real-time clock (RTC) is a computer clock (most often in the form of an integrated circuit) that keeps track of the current time.
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Reduced instruction set computer
A reduced instruction set computer, or RISC (pronounced 'risk'), is one whose instruction set architecture (ISA) allows it to have fewer cycles per instruction (CPI) than a complex instruction set computer (CISC).
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Reverse engineering
Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process by which a man-made object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, or to extract knowledge from the object; similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is about a natural phenomenon.
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Richard Sapper
Richard Sapper (30 May 1932 – 31 December 2015) was a German industrial designer based in Milan, Italy.
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RS-232
In telecommunications, RS-232, Recommended Standard 232 is a standard introduced in 1960 for serial communication transmission of data.
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S&P Global
S&P Global Inc. (prior to April 2016 McGraw Hill Financial, Inc., and prior to 2013 McGraw Hill Companies) is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in New York City.
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Sage 50 Accounting
Sage 50 Accounting (US) is a business management software subscription-based product published by Sage Group and sold in the United States.
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Sears
Sears, Roebuck and Company, colloquially known as Sears, is an American chain of department stores founded by Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck in 1892, reincorporated (a formality for a history-making consumer sector initial public offering) by Richard Sears and new partner Julius Rosenwald in 1906.
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Seiko Epson
(Epson being an abbreviation for "Son of Electronic Printer"), or simply Epson, is a Japanese electronics company and one of the world's largest manufacturers of computer printers, and information and imaging related equipment.
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Serial port
In computing, a serial port is a serial communication interface through which information transfers in or out one bit at a time (in contrast to a parallel port).
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Shift key
The shift key is a modifier key on a keyboard, used to type capital letters and other alternate "upper" characters.
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Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.
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Software
Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work.
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Software Arts
Software Arts was a software company founded by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston in 1979 to develop VisiCalc, which was published by a separate company, Personal Software Inc., later named VisiCorp.
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Solder
Solder (or in North America) is a fusible metal alloy used to create a permanent bond between metal workpieces.
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Sony
is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo.
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Source code
In computing, source code is any collection of code, possibly with comments, written using a human-readable programming language, usually as plain text.
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Sperry Corporation
Sperry Corporation (1910−1986) was a major American equipment and electronics company whose existence spanned more than seven decades of the 20th century.
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Startup company
A startup company (startup or start-up) is an entrepreneurial venture which is typically a newly emerged business that aims to meet a marketplace need by developing a viable business model around a product, service, process or a platform.
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Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur and business magnate.
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Super Bowl commercials
The U.S. television broadcast of the Super Bowl – the championship game of the National Football League (NFL) – features many high-profile television commercials, colloquially known as Super Bowl ads.
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System request
System request (often abbreviated SysRq or Sys Req) is a key on personal computer keyboards that has no standard use.
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Tallgrass Technologies
Tallgrass Technologies Corporation was the first manufacturer to offer a hard disk drive product for the IBM PC.
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Tandy Corporation
Tandy Corporation was an American family-owned leather goods company based in Fort Worth, Texas.
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Tecmar
Tecmar was an American manufacturer of PC enhancement products based in Solon, OH.
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Television
Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.
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Television set
A television set or television receiver, more commonly called a television, TV, TV set, or telly, is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers for the purpose of viewing television.
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Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments Inc. (TI) is an American technology company that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally.
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Texas Instruments TI-99/4A
The Texas Instruments TI-99/4A is a home computer, released June 1981 in the United States at a price of $525 ($ adjusted for inflation).
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Texas Instruments TMS9900
Introduced in June 1976, the TMS9900 was one of the first commercially available, single-chip 16-bit microprocessors.
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The Tramp
The Tramp (Charlot in several languages), also known as The Little Tramp, was British actor Charlie Chaplin's most memorable on-screen character and an icon in world cinema during the era of silent film.
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The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.
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ThinkCentre
The ThinkCentre is a line of business-oriented desktop computers first produced by IBM, later Lenovo.
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ThinkPad
ThinkPad is a line of laptop computers and tablets developed by Lenovo.
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Thomas J. Watson Research Center
The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research.
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Time (magazine)
Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.
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Token ring
MAU b) Using several MAUs connected to each other Token ring network IBM hermaphroditic connector with locking clip Token Ring local area network (LAN) technology is a communications protocol for local area networks.
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Tom Hardy (designer)
Tom Hardy (born 1946) is an American design strategist and former corporate head of the IBM Design Program.
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TRS-80
The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80, later renamed the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer launched in 1977 and sold by Tandy Corporation through their Radio Shack stores.
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UCSD Pascal
UCSD Pascal was a Pascal programming language system that ran on the UCSD p-System, a portable, highly machine-independent operating system.
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Unicode
Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems.
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United States dollar
The United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, or American dollar) is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution since 1792.
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UNIVAC
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) is a line of electronic digital stored-program computers starting with the products of the Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation.
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USB
USB (abbreviation of Universal Serial Bus), is an industry standard that was developed to define cables, connectors and protocols for connection, communication, and power supply between personal computers and their peripheral devices.
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Vector Graphic
Vector Graphic was an early microcomputer company founded in 1976, the same year as Apple Computer, during the pre-IBM PC era, along with the NorthStar Horizon, IMSAI, and MITS Altair.
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Vertical integration
In microeconomics and management, vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is owned by that company.
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Video Graphics Array
Video Graphics Array (VGA) is the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987, following CGA and EGA introduced in earlier IBM personal computers.
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VisiCalc
VisiCalc (for "visible calculator") was the first spreadsheet computer program for personal computers, originally released for the Apple II by VisiCorp.
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VisiCorp
VisiCorp was an early personal computer software publisher.
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VT100
The VT100 is a video terminal, introduced in August 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).
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Wait state
A wait state is a delay experienced by a computer processor when accessing external memory or another device that is slow to respond.
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Wally Rhines
Walden C. “Wally” Rhines (born November 11, 1946) is an American engineer and businessman.
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Wang 2200
The Wang 2200 appeared in May 1973, and was Wang Laboratories' first minicomputer that could perform data processing in a common computer language.
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Weather balloon
A weather or sounding balloon is a balloon (specifically a type of high-altitude balloon) that carries instruments aloft to send back information on atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed by means of a small, expendable measuring device called a radiosonde.
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West Coast Computer Faire
The West Coast Computer Faire was an annual computer industry conference and exposition most often associated with San Francisco, its first and most frequent venue.
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William C. Lowe
William Cleland Lowe (January 15, 1941 – October 19, 2013) was a visionary IBM Executive and is known as the "Father of the IBM PC".
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Windows-1251
Windows-1251 is a 8-bit character encoding, designed to cover languages that use the Cyrillic script such as Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian Cyrillic and other languages.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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Xerox Alto
The Xerox Alto is the first computer designed from its inception to support an operating system based on a graphical user interface (GUI), later using the desktop metaphor.
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Yankee Group
Yankee Group was an independent technology research and consulting firm, founded in 1970 by Howard Anderson.
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Yorktown Heights, New York
Yorktown Heights is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Yorktown in Westchester County, New York, United States.
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YouTube
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.
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16550 UART
The 16550 UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) is an integrated circuit designed for implementing the interface for serial communications.
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1984 (advertisement)
"1984" is an American television commercial that introduced the Apple Macintosh personal computer.
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8250 UART
The 8250 UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) is an integrated circuit designed for implementing the interface for serial communications.
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Redirects here:
IBM 5150, IBM 5150 PC, IBM PC, IBM PC 5150, IBM PCs, IBM personal computer, IBM-PC, IBM/PC, IBMPC, Ibm 5150, Project Chess, Project chess.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer
