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Immune system and Microorganism

Shortcuts: Differences, Similarities, Jaccard Similarity Coefficient, References.

Difference between Immune system and Microorganism

Immune system vs. Microorganism

The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.

Similarities between Immune system and Microorganism

Immune system and Microorganism have 43 things in common (in Unionpedia): Animal, Bacteria, Bacteriophage, Biological life cycle, Candidiasis, Carbohydrate, Cell membrane, Ciclosporin, Disease, Enzyme, Eukaryote, Evolution, Fungus, Gastrointestinal tract, Germ theory of disease, Gut flora, HIV/AIDS, Hormone, Human body, Infection, Koch's postulates, Lactobacillus, Louis Pasteur, Malaria, Microbial symbiosis and immunity, Microorganism, Mutation, Non-cellular life, Nutrient, Organism, ..., Parasitism, Pathogen, PH, Plant, Probiotic, Proteomics, Protist, Robert Koch, Streptococcus, Ultraviolet, Virus, Yellow fever, Yogurt. Expand index (13 more) »

Animal

Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.

Animal and Immune system · Animal and Microorganism · See more »

Bacteria

Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.

Bacteria and Immune system · Bacteria and Microorganism · See more »

Bacteriophage

A bacteriophage, also known informally as a phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within Bacteria and Archaea.

Bacteriophage and Immune system · Bacteriophage and Microorganism · See more »

Biological life cycle

In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state.

Biological life cycle and Immune system · Biological life cycle and Microorganism · See more »

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any type of Candida (a type of yeast).

Candidiasis and Immune system · Candidiasis and Microorganism · See more »

Carbohydrate

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words, with the empirical formula (where m may be different from n).

Carbohydrate and Immune system · Carbohydrate and Microorganism · See more »

Cell membrane

The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space).

Cell membrane and Immune system · Cell membrane and Microorganism · See more »

Ciclosporin

Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is an immunosuppressant medication and natural product.

Ciclosporin and Immune system · Ciclosporin and Microorganism · See more »

Disease

A disease is any condition which results in the disorder of a structure or function in an organism that is not due to any external injury.

Disease and Immune system · Disease and Microorganism · See more »

Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

Enzyme and Immune system · Enzyme and Microorganism · See more »

Eukaryote

Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).

Eukaryote and Immune system · Eukaryote and Microorganism · See more »

Evolution

Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Evolution and Immune system · Evolution and Microorganism · See more »

Fungus

A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.

Fungus and Immune system · Fungus and Microorganism · See more »

Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.

Gastrointestinal tract and Immune system · Gastrointestinal tract and Microorganism · See more »

Germ theory of disease

The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory of disease.

Germ theory of disease and Immune system · Germ theory of disease and Microorganism · See more »

Gut flora

Gut flora, or gut microbiota, or gastrointestinal microbiota, is the complex community of microorganisms that live in the digestive tracts of humans and other animals, including insects.

Gut flora and Immune system · Gut flora and Microorganism · See more »

HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

HIV/AIDS and Immune system · HIV/AIDS and Microorganism · See more »

Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle “ὁρμῶ”, "to set in motion, urge on") is any member of a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour.

Hormone and Immune system · Hormone and Microorganism · See more »

Human body

The human body is the entire structure of a human being.

Human body and Immune system · Human body and Microorganism · See more »

Infection

Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.

Immune system and Infection · Infection and Microorganism · See more »

Koch's postulates

Koch's postulates are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease.

Immune system and Koch's postulates · Koch's postulates and Microorganism · See more »

Lactobacillus

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria.

Immune system and Lactobacillus · Lactobacillus and Microorganism · See more »

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur (December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization.

Immune system and Louis Pasteur · Louis Pasteur and Microorganism · See more »

Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.

Immune system and Malaria · Malaria and Microorganism · See more »

Microbial symbiosis and immunity

There are close and often long-term relationships between symbiotic microbes and their host's immune system.

Immune system and Microbial symbiosis and immunity · Microbial symbiosis and immunity and Microorganism · See more »

Microorganism

A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.

Immune system and Microorganism · Microorganism and Microorganism · See more »

Mutation

In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.

Immune system and Mutation · Microorganism and Mutation · See more »

Non-cellular life

Non-cellular life is life that exists without a cellular structure for at least part of its life cycle.

Immune system and Non-cellular life · Microorganism and Non-cellular life · See more »

Nutrient

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce.

Immune system and Nutrient · Microorganism and Nutrient · See more »

Organism

In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.

Immune system and Organism · Microorganism and Organism · See more »

Parasitism

In evolutionary biology, parasitism is a relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or in another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.

Immune system and Parasitism · Microorganism and Parasitism · See more »

Pathogen

In biology, a pathogen (πάθος pathos "suffering, passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") or a '''germ''' in the oldest and broadest sense is anything that can produce disease; the term came into use in the 1880s.

Immune system and Pathogen · Microorganism and Pathogen · See more »

PH

In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

Immune system and PH · Microorganism and PH · See more »

Plant

Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.

Immune system and Plant · Microorganism and Plant · See more »

Probiotic

Probiotics are microorganisms that are claimed to provide health benefits when consumed.

Immune system and Probiotic · Microorganism and Probiotic · See more »

Proteomics

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins.

Immune system and Proteomics · Microorganism and Proteomics · See more »

Protist

A protist is any eukaryotic organism that has cells with nuclei and is not an animal, plant or fungus.

Immune system and Protist · Microorganism and Protist · See more »

Robert Koch

Robert Heinrich Hermann Koch (11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist.

Immune system and Robert Koch · Microorganism and Robert Koch · See more »

Streptococcus

Streptococcus (term coined by Viennese surgeon Albert Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) from strepto- "twisted" + Modern Latin coccus "spherical bacterium," from Greek kokkos meaning "berry") is a genus of coccus (spherical) Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria).

Immune system and Streptococcus · Microorganism and Streptococcus · See more »

Ultraviolet

Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.

Immune system and Ultraviolet · Microorganism and Ultraviolet · See more »

Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

Immune system and Virus · Microorganism and Virus · See more »

Yellow fever

Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration.

Immune system and Yellow fever · Microorganism and Yellow fever · See more »

Yogurt

Yogurt, yoghurt, or yoghourt (or; from yoğurt; other spellings listed below) is a food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk.

Immune system and Yogurt · Microorganism and Yogurt · See more »

The list above answers the following questions

Immune system and Microorganism Comparison

Immune system has 381 relations, while Microorganism has 340. As they have in common 43, the Jaccard index is 5.96% = 43 / (381 + 340).

References

This article shows the relationship between Immune system and Microorganism. To access each article from which the information was extracted, please visit:

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