Impact crater

An impact crater is a depression in the surface of a solid astronomical body formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller object. ^[1]

192 relations: Acceleration, Apollo (crater), Apollo program, Argyre Planitia, Asgard (crater), Asteroid, Asteroid belt, Astronomical object, Atmosphere, Baptistina family, Beethoven (crater), Breccia, Burney (crater), Callisto (moon), Caloris Planitia, Carlyle S. Beals, Carswell impact structure, Chesapeake Bay impact crater, Chicxulub crater, Claude C. Albritton, Clearwater Lakes, Coesite, Complex crater, Compression (physics), Copper, Craton, Cryptoexplosion, David H. Levy, Decorah crater, Depression (geology), Doctor of Philosophy, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Dostoevskij (crater), Earth, Earth Impact Database, Edward C. T. Chao, Ejecta, Energy density, Engelier, Epigeus (crater), Erosion, Escape velocity, Eugene Merle Shoemaker, Europa (moon), Evander (crater), Evaporation, Explosion, Explosion crater, Explosive, Ganymede (moon), ... Expand index (142 more) » « Shrink index
Geology of the Moon
Impact craters
Impact geology

Acceleration

In mechanics, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time.

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Apollo (crater)

Apollo, also called the Apollo basin, is an enormous impact crater located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon.

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The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which succeeded in preparing and landing the first men on the Moon from 1968 to 1972.

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Argyre Planitia

Argyre Planitia is a plain located within the impact basin Argyre in the southern highlands of Mars.

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Asgard (crater)

Asgard is the second largest multi-ringed basin (large impact crater) on Jupiter's moon Callisto.

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Asteroid

An asteroid is a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor an identified comet— that orbits within the inner Solar System.

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Asteroid belt

The asteroid belt is a torus-shaped region in the Solar System, centered on the Sun and roughly spanning the space between the orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars.

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Astronomical object

An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly body is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the observable universe.

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Atmosphere

An atmosphere is a layer of gasses that envelop an astronomical object, held in place by the gravity of the object.

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Baptistina family

The Baptistina family (FIN: 403) is an asteroid family of more than 2500 members that was probably produced by the breakup of an asteroid across 80 million years ago following an impact with a smaller body.

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Beethoven (crater)

Beethoven is a crater at latitude 20°S, longitude 124°W on Mercury.

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Breccia

Breccia is a rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

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Burney (crater)

Burney, sometimes referred to as the Burney basin, is the second-largest known impact basin on the dwarf planet Pluto.

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Callisto (moon)

Callisto, or Jupiter IV, is the second-largest moon of Jupiter, after Ganymede.

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Caloris Planitia

Caloris Planitia is a plain within a large impact basin on Mercury, informally named Caloris, about in diameter.

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Carlyle S. Beals

Carlyle Smith Beals, FRS (June 29, 1899 – July 2, 1979) was a Canadian astronomer.

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Carswell impact structure

Carswell is an impact structure within the Athabasca Basin of the Canadian Shield in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Impact crater and Carswell impact structure are Earth Impact Database.

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Chesapeake Bay impact crater

The Chesapeake Bay impact crater is a buried impact crater, located beneath the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, United States. Impact crater and Chesapeake Bay impact crater are Earth Impact Database.

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Chicxulub crater

The Chicxulub crater is an impact crater buried underneath the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico.

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Claude C. Albritton

Claude C. Albritton Jr. (1913–1988) was a geologist, professor, author and university administrator.

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Clearwater Lakes

The Lac Wiyâshâkimî (the official name, in French, formerly Lac à l'Eau Claire, a calque of the lake's name, Wiyâšâkamî, in Northern East Cree, changed form of wâšâkamî or wâšekamî in more southerly Cree dialects), also called the Clearwater Lakes in English and Allait Qasigialingat by the Inuit, are a pair of annular lakes and impact structures on the Canadian Shield in Quebec, Canada, near Hudson Bay. Impact crater and Clearwater Lakes are Earth Impact Database.

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Coesite

Coesite is a form (polymorph) of silicon dioxide (SiO2) that is formed when very high pressure (2–3 gigapascals), and moderately high temperature, are applied to quartz.

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Complex crater

Complex craters are a type of large impact crater morphology. Impact crater and Complex crater are impact craters and impact geology.

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Compression (physics)

In mechanics, compression is the application of balanced inward ("pushing") forces to different points on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to reduce its size in one or more directions.

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Copper

Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.

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Craton

A craton (or; from κράτος "strength") is an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, which consists of Earth's two topmost layers, the crust and the uppermost mantle.

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Cryptoexplosion

In geology, a cryptoexplosion structure (or cryptovolcanic structure) is an explosion of unknown cause. Impact crater and cryptoexplosion are impact craters.

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David H. Levy

David Howard Levy (born May 22, 1948) is a Canadian amateur astronomer, science writer and discoverer of comets and minor planets, who co-discovered Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 in 1993, which collided with the planet Jupiter in 1994.

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Decorah crater

The Decorah crater, also called the Decorah impact structure, is a possible impact crater located on the east side of the city of Decorah in Iowa, United States.

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Depression (geology)

In geology, a depression is a landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area. Impact crater and depression (geology) are depressions (geology).

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; philosophiae doctor or) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research.

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Dominion Astrophysical Observatory

The Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, located on Observatory Hill, in Saanich, British Columbia, was completed in 1918 by the Canadian government.

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Dostoevskij (crater)

Dostoevskij (sometimes Dostoevskii) is a crater on Mercury.

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Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.

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Earth Impact Database

The Earth Impact Database is a database of confirmed impact structures or craters on Earth. Impact crater and Earth Impact Database are impact geology.

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Edward C. T. Chao

Edward Ching-Te Chao (趙景德; November 30, 1919 – February 3, 2008) was one of the founders of the field of impact metamorphism, the study of the effects of meteorite impacts on the Earth's crust.

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Ejecta

Ejecta (singular ejectum) are particles ejected from an area.

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Energy density

In physics, energy density is the amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume.

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Engelier

Engelier is a 310-mile (500-kilometers) large crater on Saturn's moon Iapetus in Saragossa Terra.

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Epigeus (crater)

Epigeus is the largest known impact crater on Jupiter's Galilean satellite Ganymede, with a diameter of 343 km.

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Erosion

Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust and then transports it to another location where it is deposited.

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Escape velocity

In celestial mechanics, escape velocity or escape speed is the minimum speed needed for an object to escape from contact with or orbit of a primary body, assuming.

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Eugene Merle Shoemaker

Eugene Merle Shoemaker (April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997) was an American geologist.

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Europa (moon)

Europa, or Jupiter II, is the smallest of the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter, and the sixth-closest to the planet of all the 95 known moons of Jupiter.

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Evander (crater)

Evander is the largest impact basin on Saturn's moon Dione.

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Evaporation

Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase.

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Explosion

An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases.

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Explosion crater

An explosion crater is a type of crater formed when material is ejected from the surface of the ground by an explosion at or immediately above or below the surface.

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Explosive

An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure.

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Ganymede (moon)

Ganymede, or Jupiter III, is the largest and most massive natural satellite of Jupiter and in the Solar System.

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Geologic time scale

The geologic time scale or geological time scale (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth.

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Gerin (crater)

Gerin is 445 km (313 mile) wide impact crater on Saturn's moon Iapetus, located on Saragossa Terra.

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Gertrude (crater)

Gertrude is the largest known crater on Uranus's moon Titania.

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Goethe Basin

Goethe Basin is an impact basin at 81.4° N, 54.3° W on Mercury approximately 317 kilometers in diameter.

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Gold

Gold is a chemical element; it has symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and atomic number 79.

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Gosses Bluff impact structure

Gosses Bluff (or Gosse's Bluff) is thought to be the eroded remnant of an impact crater. Impact crater and Gosses Bluff impact structure are Earth Impact Database.

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Grove Karl Gilbert

Grove Karl Gilbert (May 6, 1843 – May 1, 1918), known by the abbreviated name G. K. Gilbert in academic literature, was an American geologist.

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Harry Hammond Hess

Harry Hammond Hess (May 24, 1906 – August 25, 1969) was an American geologist and a United States Navy officer in World War II who is considered one of the "founding fathers" of the unifying theory of plate tectonics.

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Haughton impact crater

Haughton impact crater is located on Devon Island, Nunavut in far Northern Canada.

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Hellas Planitia

Hellas Planitia is a plain located within the huge, roughly circular impact basin Hellas located in the southern hemisphere of the planet Mars.

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Herschel (Mimantean crater)

Herschel is the largest impact crater on the Saturnian moon Mimas.

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Hertzsprung (crater)

Hertzsprung is an enormous lunar impact crater, or impact basin, that is located on the far side of the Moon, beyond the western limb.

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Huygens (crater)

Huygens is an impact crater on Mars named in honour of the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist Christiaan Huygens.

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Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

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Hyperion (moon)

Hyperion, also known as Saturn VII, is the eighth-largest moon of Saturn.

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Hypervelocity

Hypervelocity is very high velocity, approximately over 3,000 meters per second (11,000 km/h, 6,700 mph, 10,000 ft/s, or Mach 8.8).

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Iapetus (moon)

Iapetus is the outermost of Saturn's large moons.

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Impact event

An impact event is a collision between astronomical objects causing measurable effects. Impact crater and impact event are Earth Impact Database.

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Impact structure

An impact structure is a generally circular or craterlike geologic structure of deformed bedrock or sediment produced by impact on a planetary surface, whatever the stage of erosion of the structure. Impact crater and impact structure are impact geology.

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Io (moon)

Io, or Jupiter I, is the innermost and second-smallest of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter.

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Iron

Iron is a chemical element.

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Isidis Planitia

Isidis Planitia is a plain located within a giant impact basin on Mars, located partly in the Syrtis Major quadrangle and partly in the Amenthes quadrangle.

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Isostasy

Isostasy (Greek ''ísos'' 'equal', ''stásis'' 'standstill') or isostatic equilibrium is the state of gravitational equilibrium between Earth's crust (or lithosphere) and mantle such that the crust "floats" at an elevation that depends on its thickness and density.

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Kaali crater

Kaali is a group of nine meteorite craters in the village of Kaali on the Estonian island of Saaremaa. Impact crater and Kaali crater are Earth Impact Database.

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Karakul (Tajikistan)

Karakul or Qarokul (Kyrgyz for "black lake", replacing the older Tajik name Siob; Каракуль; Қарокӯл; translit, Қаракөл; Каракөл) is an endorheic lake, in diameter, located within a impact crater. Impact crater and Karakul (Tajikistan) are Earth Impact Database.

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Korolev (lunar crater)

Korolev is a large lunar impact crater of the walled plain or basin type.

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Late Heavy Bombardment

The Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), or lunar cataclysm, is a hypothesized astronomical event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years (Ga) ago, at a time corresponding to the Neohadean and Eoarchean eras on Earth.

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List of craters on Callisto

This is a list of named craters on Callisto, one of the many moons of Jupiter, the most heavily cratered natural satellite in the Solar System (for other features, see list of geological features on Callisto).

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List of craters on Europa

This is a list of craters on Europa.

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List of craters on Ganymede

Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System, and has a hard surface with many craters.

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List of craters on Mars

This is a list of craters on Mars.

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List of craters on Mercury

This is a list of named craters on Mercury, the innermost planet of the Solar System (for other features, see list of geological features on Mercury).

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List of craters on the Moon

This is a list of named lunar craters.

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List of craters on Venus

This is a list of craters on Venus, named by the International Astronomical Union's (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature.

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List of geological features on Ariel

This list of geological features on Ariel itemizes the named geological features on the moon of Uranus called Ariel.

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List of geological features on Dione

This is a list of named geological features on Dione, a moon of Saturn.

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List of geological features on Enceladus

This is a list of named geological features on Enceladus.

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List of geological features on Iapetus

Most Iapetian geological features are named after characters and locations in the Old French epic poem The Song of Roland, specifically the English translation by Dorothy L. Sayers.

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List of geological features on Mimas

This is a list of named geological features on Mimas, a moon that orbits the planet Saturn.

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List of geological features on Miranda

This is a list of named geological features on Miranda.

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List of geological features on Oberon

This is a list of named geological features (mostly craters) on Oberon.

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List of geological features on Rhea

This is a list of named geological features on Rhea, the second largest moon of Saturn.

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List of geological features on Tethys

This is a list of named geological features on Tethys.

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List of geological features on Titania

This is a list of named geological features on Titania.

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List of geological features on Triton

This is a list of named geological features on Triton.

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List of impact structures on Earth

This list of impact structures on Earth contains a selection of the 190 confirmed craters given in the Earth Impact Database as of 2017. Impact crater and list of impact structures on Earth are Earth Impact Database.

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List of possible impact structures on Earth

According to the Planetary and Space Science Centre (PASSC) at the University of New Brunswick in Canada, there are 190 confirmed impact structures on Earth.

See Impact crater and List of possible impact structures on Earth

Lonar Lake

Lonar Lake, also known as Lonar crater, is a saline, soda lake, located at Lonar, 79 km from Buldhana city in Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. Impact crater and Lonar Lake are Earth Impact Database.

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Lunar and Planetary Institute

The Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) is a scientific research institute dedicated to study of the solar system, its formation, evolution, and current state.

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Manicouagan Reservoir

Manicouagan Reservoir (also Lake Manicouagan) is an annular lake in central Quebec, Canada, covering an area of. Impact crater and Manicouagan Reservoir are Earth Impact Database.

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Manson impact structure

The Manson impact structure is an impact structure near the site of Manson, Iowa where an asteroid or comet nucleus struck the Earth during the Cretaceous Period, approximately 74 Ma. Impact crater and Manson impact structure are Earth Impact Database.

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Mare Imbrium

Mare Imbrium (Latin imbrium, the "Sea of Showers" or "Sea of Rains") is a vast lava plain within the Imbrium Basin on the Moon and is one of the larger craters in the Solar System.

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Mare Nubium

Mare Nubium (Latin nūbium, the "sea of clouds") is a lunar mare in the Nubium basin on the Moon's near side.

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Mare Orientale

Mare Orientale (Latin orientāle, the "eastern sea") is a lunar mare.

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Mare Serenitatis

Mare Serenitatis (Latin serēnitātis, the "Sea of Serenity") is a lunar mare located to the east of Mare Imbrium on the Moon.

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Mare Tranquillitatis

Mare Tranquillitatis (Latin for Sea of Tranquillity or Sea of Tranquility) is a lunar mare that sits within the Tranquillitatis basin on the Moon.

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Mass wasting

Mass wasting, also known as mass movement, is a general term for the movement of rock or soil down slopes under the force of gravity.

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Median

The median of a set of numbers is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution.

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Melting

Melting, or fusion, is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid.

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Menrva (crater)

Menrva is the largest crater on Titan, with a diameter of 392 kilometers.

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Mercury (planet)

Mercury is the first planet from the Sun and the smallest in the Solar System.

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Meteor Crater

Meteor Crater, or Barringer Crater, is an impact crater about east of Flagstaff and west of Winslow in the desert of northern Arizona, United States. Impact crater and Meteor Crater are Earth Impact Database.

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Metric prefix

A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit.

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Mistastin crater

Mistastin crater is a meteorite crater in Labrador, Canada which contains the roughly circular Mistastin Lake. Impact crater and Mistastin crater are Earth Impact Database.

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Moon

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

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Multi-ringed basin

A multi-ringed basin (also a multi-ring impact basin) is not a simple bowl-shaped crater, or a peak ring crater, but one containing multiple concentric topographic rings; a multi-ringed basin could be described as a massive impact crater, surrounded by circular chains of mountains resembling rings on a bull's-eye. Impact crater and multi-ringed basin are impact craters and impact geology.

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Nördlinger Ries

The Nördlinger Ries is an impact crater and large circular depression in western Bavaria and eastern Baden-Württemberg.

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Nevada Test Site

The Nevada National Security Sites (N2S2 or NNSS), popularized as the Nevada Test Site (NTS) until 2010, is a reservation of the United States Department of Energy located in the southeastern portion of Nye County, Nevada, about northwest of the city of Las Vegas.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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North Polar Basin (Mars)

The North Polar Basin, more commonly known as the Borealis Basin, is a large basin in the northern hemisphere of Mars that covers 40% of the planet.

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Nuclear explosion

A nuclear explosion is an explosion that occurs as a result of the rapid release of energy from a high-speed nuclear reaction.

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Nuclear weapon

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion.

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Odysseus (crater)

Odysseus is the largest crater on Saturn's moon Tethys.

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Operation Buster–Jangle

Operation Buster–Jangle was a series of seven (six atmospheric, one cratering) nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States in late 1951 at the Nevada Test Site.

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Operation Teapot

Operation Teapot was a series of 14 nuclear test explosions conducted at the Nevada Test Site in the first half of 1955.

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Palimpsest (planetary astronomy)

A palimpsest, in planetary astronomy, is an ancient crater that has been degraded over time. Impact crater and palimpsest (planetary astronomy) are impact craters and planetary geology.

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Paraboloid

In geometry, a paraboloid is a quadric surface that has exactly one axis of symmetry and no center of symmetry.

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Pascal (unit)

The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI).

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Peak ring

A peak ring crater is a type of complex crater, which is different from a multi-ringed basin or central-peak crater. Impact crater and peak ring are impact craters and impact geology.

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Pergamon Press

Pergamon Press was an Oxford-based publishing house, founded by Paul Rosbaud and Robert Maxwell, that published scientific and medical books and journals.

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Petrarch (crater)

Petrarch is a crater on Mercury.

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Pingualuit crater

The Pingualuit Crater (Cratère des Pingualuit; from Inuit "pimple"), formerly called the "Chubb Crater" and later the "New Quebec Crater" (Cratère du Nouveau-Québec), is a relatively young impact crater located on the Ungava Peninsula in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, Canada. Impact crater and Pingualuit crater are Earth Impact Database.

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Planetary geology

Planetary geology, alternatively known as astrogeology or exogeology, is a planetary science discipline concerned with the geology of celestial bodies such as planets and their moons, asteroids, comets, and meteorites.

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Plate tectonics

Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago.

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Platinum group

The platinum-group metals (PGMs), also known as the platinoids, platinides, platidises, platinum group, platinum metals, platinum family or platinum-group elements (PGEs), are six noble, precious metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table.

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Popigai impact structure

The Popigai impact structure is the eroded remnant of an impact crater in northern Siberia, Russia. Impact crater and Popigai impact structure are Earth Impact Database.

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Porosity

Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%.

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Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.

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Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.

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Puck (moon)

Puck is the sixth-largest moon of Uranus.

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Ralph Belknap Baldwin

Ralph Belknap Baldwin (June 6, 1912 – October 23, 2010)Who's Who in America.

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Ray system

In planetary geology, a ray system comprises radial streaks of fine ejecta thrown out during the formation of an impact crater, looking somewhat like many thin spokes coming from the hub of a wheel. Impact crater and ray system are impact craters.

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Rembrandt (crater)

Rembrandt is a large impact crater on Mercury.

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Rheasilvia

Rheasilvia is the largest impact crater on the asteroid Vesta.

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Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan is a province in Western Canada, bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, to the northeast by Nunavut, and to the south by the United States (Montana and North Dakota).

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Schiaparelli (Martian crater)

Schiaparelli is an impact crater on Mars, located near the planet's equator at latitude 3° south and longitude 344° in the Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle.

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Schrödinger (crater)

Schrödinger is a large lunar impact crater of the form traditionally called a walled plain and is named after Erwin Schrödinger.

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Sedimentary basin

Sedimentary basins are region-scale depressions of the Earth's crust where subsidence has occurred and a thick sequence of sediments have accumulated to form a large three-dimensional body of sedimentary rock.

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Shatter cone

Shatter cones are rare geological features that are only known to form in the bedrock beneath meteorite impact craters or underground nuclear explosions. Impact crater and Shatter cone are impact craters and impact geology.

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Shock metamorphism

Shock metamorphism or impact metamorphism describes the effects of shock-wave related deformation and heating during impact events. Impact crater and shock metamorphism are impact geology.

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Shock wave

In physics, a shock wave (also spelled shockwave), or shock, is a type of propagating disturbance that moves faster than the local speed of sound in the medium.

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Shocked quartz

Shocked quartz is a form of quartz that has a microscopic structure that is different from normal quartz. Impact crater and Shocked quartz are impact geology.

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Shoemaker impact structure

Shoemaker (formerly known as Teague Ring) is an impact structure, the deeply eroded remnant of a former impact crater, situated in arid central Western Australia, about north-northeast of Wiluna. Impact crater and Shoemaker impact structure are Earth Impact Database.

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Sikhote-Alin meteorite

In southeastern Russia, an iron meteorite fell on the Sikhote-Alin Mountains in 1947. Impact crater and Sikhote-Alin meteorite are Earth Impact Database.

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Silicon dioxide

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.

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Siljan Ring

The Siljan Ring (Siljansringen) is a prehistoric impact structure in Dalarna, central Sweden. Impact crater and Siljan Ring are Earth Impact Database.

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Skinakas (hypothetical basin)

The Skinakas basin is the informal name given to a structure on Mercury that appeared to be an extremely large impact basin.

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Solid

Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter along with liquid, gas, and plasma.

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South Pole–Aitken basin

The South Pole–Aitken basin (SPA Basin) is an immense impact crater on the far side of the Moon.

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Spall

Spall are fragments of a material that are broken off a larger solid body.

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Speed of sound

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium.

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Spherulite

In petrology, spherulites are small, rounded bodies that commonly occur in vitreous igneous rocks.

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Sputnik Planitia

Sputnik Planitia (formerly Sputnik Planum) is a large, partially glaciated basin on Pluto.

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Stishovite

Stishovite is an extremely hard, dense tetragonal form (polymorph) of silicon dioxide.

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Subduction

Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.

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Sudbury Basin

The Sudbury Basin, also known as Sudbury Structure or the Sudbury Nickel Irruptive, is a major geological structure in Ontario, Canada. Impact crater and Sudbury Basin are Earth Impact Database.

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Suevite

Suevite is a rock consisting partly of melted material, typically forming a breccia containing glass and crystal or lithic fragments, formed during an impact event.

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Tectonics

Tectonics are the processes that result in the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time.

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Tektite

Tektites are gravel-sized bodies composed of black, green, brown or grey natural glass formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts.

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Terminal velocity

Terminal velocity is the maximum speed attainable by an object as it falls through a fluid (air is the most common example).

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Terraced wall

A terraced wall, also a terrace wall, or a terraced retaining wall is a wall that is divided into sections (terraces) over a slope.

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Tirawa (crater)

Tirawa is the largest impact basin on Saturn's moon Rhea.

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Titan (moon)

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn and the second-largest in the Solar System.

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Tolstoj (crater)

Tolstoj is a large, ancient impact crater on Mercury.

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Topography

Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces.

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Traces of Catastrophe

Traces of Catastrophe: A Handbook of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in Terrestrial Meteorite Impact Structures is a book written by Bevan M. French of the Smithsonian Institution. Impact crater and Traces of Catastrophe are impact geology.

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Triton (moon)

Triton is the largest natural satellite of the planet Neptune.

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Turgis (crater)

Turgis is the largest known crater on Saturn's moon Iapetus.

See Impact crater and Turgis (crater)

Tycho (lunar crater)

Tycho is a prominent lunar impact crater located in the southern lunar highlands, named after the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe (1546–1601).

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Umbriel (moon)

Umbriel is the third-largest moon of Uranus.

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University of Tübingen

The University of Tübingen, officially the Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Universitas Eberhardina Carolina), is a public research university located in the city of Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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Uranium

Uranium is a chemical element; it has symbol U and atomic number 92.

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Valhalla (crater)

Located on Jupiter's moon Callisto, Valhalla is the largest multi-ring impact crater in the Solar System.

See Impact crater and Valhalla (crater)

Venus

Venus is the second planet from the Sun.

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Victoria, British Columbia

Victoria is the capital city of the Canadian province of British Columbia, on the southern tip of Vancouver Island off Canada's Pacific coast.

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Volcanic crater

A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity.

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Volcano

A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

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Vredefort impact structure

The Vredefort impact structure is the largest verified impact structure on Earth.

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Walter Hermann Bucher

Walter Hermann Bucher (March 12, 1888 – February 17, 1965) was a German-American geologist and paleontologist.

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Witwatersrand

The Witwatersrand (locally the Rand or, less commonly, the Reef) is a, north-facing scarp in South Africa.

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Wolf von Engelhardt

Wolf Jürgen Baron von Engelhardt (9 February 1910, Tartu – 4 December 2008, Tübingen) was a German geologist and mineralogist.

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Wolfe Creek Crater

Wolfe Creek Crater is a well-preserved meteorite impact crater (astrobleme) in Western Australia. Impact crater and Wolfe Creek Crater are Earth Impact Database.

See Impact crater and Wolfe Creek Crater

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_crater

Also known as Bowl-shaped crater, Craterlet, Impact basin, Impact basins, Impact craters, Impact theory, Meteor crater, Meteorite crater, Simple crater, Terrestrial meteorite crater.

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