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173 relations: Adrianople Vilayet, Albania, Albert Sonnichsen, Aleksandar Protogerov, Aleksandar Stamboliyski, Alexander I of Yugoslavia, Andon Dimitrov, Andon Kalchev, Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia, Austria-Hungary, Autonomy, Çerçiz Topulli, Štip, Balkan Federation, Balkan Wars, Balkans, Battle of Greece, Belgrade, Bitola, Blagoevgrad Province, Boatmen of Thessaloniki, Boris Sarafov, Bosilegrad, Breakup of Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Action Committees, Bulgarian Communist Party, Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs, Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934, Bulgarian Exarchate, Bulgarian Men's High School of Adrianople, Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki, Bulgarian People's Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee, Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood, Bulgarians, Christian democracy, Cominform, Communist International, Croatia, Dame Gruev, Demographic history of Macedonia, Denes nad Makedonija, Dimitar Vlahov, Dimitrovgrad, Serbia, Dimo Hadzhidimov, East Thrace, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Edessa, Greece, Edirne, ..., European Union, Florina, Frederick B. Chary, General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, German Empire, Goryani, Gotse Delchev, Great power, Greater Bulgaria, Greece, Greek People's Liberation Army, Greeks, Gyorche Petrov, H. N. Brailsford, Hristo Batandzhiev, Hristo Chernopeev, Hristo Tatarchev, Hubert Renfro Knickerbocker, Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising, IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement, Incident at Petrich, Independent Macedonia (1944), Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United), Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – People's Party, Internal Revolutionary Organization, Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation, Ivan Garvanov, Ivan Hadzhinikolov, Ivan Katardžiev, Ivan Mihailov, Ivo Banac, Kastoria, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Kingdom of Italy, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Krste Misirkov, Kruševo Republic, Kyustendil Province, Lake Prespa, League of Communists of Yugoslavia, League of Nations, Liberation of Bulgaria, Louis Barthou, Lyudmila Zhivkova, Macedonia (Greece), Macedonia (region), Macedonian Bulgarians, Macedonian Federative Organization, Macedonian Front, Macedonian nationalism, Macedonian Scientific Institute, Macedonian Struggle, Macedonian Youth Secret Revolutionary Organization, Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps, Macedonians (ethnic group), Marseille, May Manifesto, Metodi Shatorov, Metodija Andonov-Čento, Milan, Montenegrins, National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria, National Ideal for Unity, National Republican Greek League, NATO, Ohrana, Ohrid–Debar uprising, Ottoman Empire, Panko Brashnarov, Pavel Shatev, People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section), People's Republic of Bulgaria, Petar Chaulev, Petar Poparsov, Petrich, Peyo Yavorov, Pitu Guli, Presidium, Princeton University Press, Prohor Pčinjski, Republic of Macedonia, Resolution of the Comintern on the Macedonian Question, Revolutions of 1989, Rhodope Mountains, Rumelia, Second Balkan War, Serbia, Skopje, Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Socialist Republic of Macedonia, Soviet Union, Struma (river), Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee, Svetozar Vukmanović, Terrorism, Theodoros Pangalos (general), Thessaloniki, Thrace, Thracian Bulgarians, Tikveš uprising, Tito–Stalin Split, Todor Aleksandrov, Todor Panitsa, Toplica Uprising, Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Treaty of Niš (1923), Turkey, Turkish people, United Macedonia, Ustashe, Vardar Macedonia, Vasil Kolarov, Vienna, Vlachs, Vlado Chernozemski, VMRO-DPMNE, Western Outlands, Western Thrace, Yane Sandanski, Young Turk Revolution, Young Turks, Yugoslavia. Expand index (123 more) »
Adrianople Vilayet
The Vilayet of Adrianople or Vilayet of Edirne (Ottoman Turkish:, Vilâyet-i Edirne) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire.
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Albania
Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.
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Albert Sonnichsen
Albert Sonnichsen (May 5, 1878, San Francisco, California- August 16, 1931, Willimantic, Connecticut) was an American journalist, author and adventurer.
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Aleksandar Protogerov
Alexandar Protogerov (Bulgarian: Александър Протогеров) (28 February 1867 Ohrid, Ottoman Empire, today Republic of Macedonia – 7 July 1928, Sofia) was a Bulgarian general, politician and revolutionary as well as a member of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia, Thrace and Pomoravlje.
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Aleksandar Stamboliyski
Aleksandar Stamboliyski (Александър Стоименов Стамболийски, variously transliterated such as Aleksandar/Alexander Stamboliyski/Stamboliiski/Stamboliski) (March 1, 1879 – June 14, 1923) was the prime minister of Bulgaria from 1919 until 1923.
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Alexander I of Yugoslavia
Alexander I (– 9 October 1934), also known as Alexander the Unifier, served as a prince regent of the Kingdom of Serbia from 1914 and later became King of Yugoslavia from 1921 to 1934 (prior to 1929 the state was known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes).
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Andon Dimitrov
Andon Dimitrov - (Ayvatovo, today Liti, Greece - January 1867, Sofia, Bulgaria – 13 March 1933) (Андон Димитров) was a Bulgarian 19th-20th century revolutionary.
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Andon Kalchev
Andon Kalchev (Андон Калчев) (1910 – 27 August 1948) was a Bulgarian scientist, army officer, one of the leaders of the Bulgarian-backed Ohrana, a paramilitary formation of Bulgarians in Greek Macedonia during World War II Axis occupation.
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Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia
The Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia (Антифашистичко Собрание за Народно Ослободување на Македонија, Antifašističko Sobranie za Narodno Osloboduvanje na Makedonija; Antifašističko sobranje narodnog oslobođenja Makedonije; abbr. ASNOM) was the supreme legislative and executive people's representative body of the Macedonian state from 1944 until the end of World War II.
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Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.
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Autonomy
In development or moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, un-coerced decision.
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Çerçiz Topulli
Çerçiz Topulli (1880 - 15 July 1915) was a patriotic Albanian nationalist figure and guerrilla fighter.
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Štip
Štip (Штип) is the largest urban agglomeration in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia, serving as the economic, industrial, entertainment and educational focal point for the surrounding municipalities.
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Balkan Federation
The Balkan Federation project was a left-wing political idea to create a "Balkan federation".
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Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars (Balkan Savaşları, literally "the Balkan Wars" or Balkan Faciası, meaning "the Balkan Tragedy") consisted of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan Peninsula in 1912 and 1913.
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Balkans
The Balkans, or the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographic area in southeastern Europe with various and disputed definitions.
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Battle of Greece
The Battle of Greece (also known as Operation Marita, Unternehmen Marita) is the common name for the invasion of Allied Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany in April 1941 during World War II.
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Belgrade
Belgrade (Beograd / Београд, meaning "White city",; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia.
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Bitola
Bitola (Битола known also by several alternative names) is a city in the southwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia.
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Blagoevgrad Province
Blagoevgrad Province (област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia (Пиринска Македония, Pirinska Makedoniya), is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria.
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Boatmen of Thessaloniki
The Boatmen of Thessaloniki (Гемиджиите, Гемиџиите) or the Assassins of Salonica, was an anarchistic group, active in the Ottoman Empire in the years between 1900 and 1903.
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Boris Sarafov
Boris Petrov Sarafov (Bulgarian and Борис Петров Сарафов) (12 June 1872 in Libyahovo, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman Empire, present-day Bulgaria – 28 November 1907 in Sofia, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian officer and revolutionary, one of the leaders of Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee (SMAC) and Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (VMORO).
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Bosilegrad
Bosilegrad (Босилеград) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia.
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Breakup of Yugoslavia
The breakup of Yugoslavia occurred as a result of a series of political upheavals and conflicts during the early 1990s.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Bulgarian Action Committees
The Bulgarian Action Committees in Macedonia were patriotic nationalist organizations of Bulgarians in Macedonia during 1941, emboldened by the invasion Yugoslavia by Nazi Germany, determined to end the Yugoslavian (Serbian) rule in the region, perceived as oppressive by Macedonian Bulgarians and by the representatives of other communities or political tendencies in Vardar Macedonia.
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Bulgarian Communist Party
The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP; Bulgarian: Българска Комунистическа Партия, Bâlgarska Komunisticheska Partiya (БКП)) was the Communist and Marxist-Leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1989 when the country ceased to be a communist state.
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Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs
Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs (also known as Union of the Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs) (Съюз на българските конституционни клубове) was an ethnic Bulgarian political party in the Ottoman Empire, created after the Young Turk Revolution, by members of the Internal Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Organization.
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Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934
The Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934, also known as the 19 May coup d'état (Деветнадесетомайски преврат, Devetnadesetomayski prevrat), was a coup d'état in the Kingdom of Bulgaria carried out by the Zveno military organization and the Military Union with the aid of the Bulgarian Army.
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Bulgarian Exarchate
The Bulgarian Exarchate (Българска екзархия Bǎlgarska ekzarhiya, Bulgar Eksarhlığı) was the official name of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church before its autocephaly was recognized by the Ecumenical See in 1945 and the Bulgarian Patriarchate was restored in 1953.
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Bulgarian Men's High School of Adrianople
The Dr. Petar Beron Bulgarian Men's High School of Addrianople (Одринска българска мъжка гимназия „Д-р Петър Берон“, Odrinska Balgarska Maszka Gimnaziya „Dr. Petar Beron“) was the first Bulgarian high school in Eastern Thrace.
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Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki
The Sts.
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Bulgarian People's Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization
The Bulgarian People's Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (Българска народна македоно-одринска революционна организация) was a short-lived revolutionary organization from the region of Macedonia.
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Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee
The Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee (Български революционен централен комитет) or BRCC was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation founded in 1869 among the Bulgarian emigrant circles in Romania.
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Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood
The Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood (Balgarsko Tayno Revolyutsionno Bratstvo) was organized from a small group of conservatives, adherents of evolutionary methods of struggle, in Salonica.
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Bulgarians
Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.
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Christian democracy
Christian democracy is a political ideology that emerged in nineteenth-century Europe under the influence of Catholic social teaching, as well as Neo-Calvinism.
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Cominform
Founded on October 5, 1947, Cominform (from Communist Information Bureau) is the common name for what was officially referred to as the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties.
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Communist International
The Communist International (Comintern), known also as the Third International (1919–1943), was an international communist organization that advocated world communism.
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Croatia
Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.
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Dame Gruev
Damyan Yovanov Gruev or Damjan Jovanov Gruev, often known by his short name Dame Gruev,The first names are transliterated either as Damjan Jovanov, after the Bulgarian Дамян Йованов Груев and Macedonian Дамјан Јованов Груев.
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Demographic history of Macedonia
The region of Macedonia is known to have been inhabited since Paleolithic times.
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Denes nad Makedonija
"Denes nad Makedonija" (Денес над Македонија,, "Today Over Macedonia") is the national anthem of the Republic of Macedonia.
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Dimitar Vlahov
Dimitar Yanakiev Vlahov (Димитър Янакиев Влахов) (1878 in Kukush, Ottoman Empire – 1953 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia) was a politician from the region of Macedonia and member of the left wing of the Macedonian-Adrianople revolutionary movement (also known as Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO)).
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Dimitrovgrad, Serbia
Dimitrovgrad (Димитровград, Цариброд, Tsaribrod) is a town and municipality located in the Pirot District of southeastern Serbia.
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Dimo Hadzhidimov
Dimo Hadzhidimov (Димо Хаджидимов) (19 February 1875 – 13 September 1924) was a 20th-century Bulgarian revolutionary from Macedonia.
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East Thrace
East Thrace, or Eastern Thrace (Doğu Trakya or simply Trakya; Ανατολική Θράκη, Anatoliki Thraki; Източна Тракия, Iztochna Trakiya), also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of the modern Republic of Turkey that is geographically part of Southeast Europe.
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Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece.
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Edessa, Greece
Edessa (Έδεσσα, Édessa,; until 1923: Vodena (Greek: Βοδενά, Vodená); known as "city of waters"), is a city in northern Greece and the capital of the Pella regional unit, in the Central Macedonia region of Greece.
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Edirne
Edirne, historically known as Adrianople (Hadrianopolis in Latin or Adrianoupolis in Greek, founded by the Roman emperor Hadrian on the site of a previous Thracian settlement named Uskudama), is a city in the northwestern Turkish province of Edirne in the region of East Thrace, close to Turkey's borders with Greece and Bulgaria.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Florina
Florina (Φλώρινα, known also by some alternative names) is a town and municipality in the mountainous northwestern Macedonia, Greece.
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Frederick B. Chary
Frederick B. Chary is an American historian, emeritus professor of history at Indiana University Northwest, College of Arts and Sciences.
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General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire
The General Assembly (Meclis-i Umumî or Genel Parlamento) of the Ottoman Empire was the first attempt at representative democracy at the imperial level in the Ottoman Empire.
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German Empire
The German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich, officially Deutsches Reich),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people.
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Goryani
The Goryani movement (Горянско движение) or Goryanstvo (горянство: Goryanism) was an active guerrilla resistance against the Bulgarian communist regime.
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Gotse Delchev
Georgi Nikolov Delchev (Bulgarian: Георги Николов Делчев), known as Gotse Delchev, also spelled Goce Delčev, Cyrillic: Гоце Делчев, originally spelled in older Bulgarian orthography: Гоце Дѣлчевъ; (February 4, 1872 – May 4, 1903) was an important Bulgarian revolutionary figure in Ottoman-ruled Macedonia and Thrace at the turn of the 20th century.
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Great power
A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.
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Greater Bulgaria
Greater Bulgaria is a term to identify the territory associated with a historical national state and a modern Bulgarian irredentist nationalist movement which would include most of Macedonia, Thrace and Moesia.
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Greece
No description.
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Greek People's Liberation Army
The Greek People's Liberation Army or ELAS (Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós), often mistakenly called the National People's Liberation Army (Εθνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός, Ethnikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós), was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek Resistance until February 1945, then during the Greek Civil War.
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Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
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Gyorche Petrov
Gyorche Petrov Nikolov (Ѓорче Петров; Гьорче Петров), born Georgi Petrov Nikolov (April 2, 1865 – June 28, 1921), was a Bulgarian revolutionary, one of the leaders of the Macedonian-Adrianople revolutionary movement.
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H. N. Brailsford
Henry Noel Brailsford (25 December 1873 – 23 March 1958) was the most prolific British left-wing journalist of the first half of the 20th century.
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Hristo Batandzhiev
Hristo Batandzhiev (Христо Батанджиев) (Христо Батанџиев) (? Goumenissa / Gyumendzhe, present day Greece – 1913, Aegean Sea) was a Bulgarian revolutionary, one of the founders of "The Committee for Obtaining the Political Rights Given to Macedonia by the Congress of Berlin" from which, later developed the IMRO known prior to 1902 as Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (BMARC).
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Hristo Chernopeev
Hristo Chernopeev (Христо Чернопеев) (1868, Dermantsi, Ottoman Empire, today Bulgaria – 6 November 1915, Krivolak, Kingdom of Serbia, today Republic of Macedonia) was a Bulgarian Army officer and member of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia.
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Hristo Tatarchev
Hristo Tatarchev (Macedonian and Христо Татарчев; December 16, 1869 – January 5, 1952) was a Bulgarian army officer, doctor and revolutionary, the first leader of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace.
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Hubert Renfro Knickerbocker
Hubert Renfro Knickerbocker (January 31, 1898 – July 12, 1949) was an American journalist and author.
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Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
The Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising or simply the Ilinden Uprising of August 1903 (Илинденско-Преображенско въстание, Ilindensko-Preobražensko vǎstanie; Илинденско востание, Ilindensko vostanie; Εξέγερση του Ίλιντεν, Eksegersi tou Ilinden), was an organized revolt against the Ottoman Empire, which was prepared and carried out by the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization.
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IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement
The IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement or IMRO-BNM (ВМРО – Българско Национално Движение, VMRO – Bulgarsko Natsionalno Dvizhenie) is a nationalist political party in Bulgaria that was founded in 1991.
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Incident at Petrich
The Incident at Petrich, or the War of the Stray Dog, was a Greek–Bulgarian crisis in 1925, in which there was a short invasion of Bulgaria by Greece near the border town of Petrich, after the killing of a Greek captain and a sentry by Bulgarian soldiers.
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Independent Macedonia (1944)
In September 1944, Nazi Germany briefly sought to establish an Independent State of Macedonia a puppet state in the territory of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia that had been occupied by the Kingdom of Bulgaria following the invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941.
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Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United)
The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (United) (1925–1936) (Macedonian: Внатрешна македонска револуционерна организација (обединета), Vnatrešna makedonska revolucionerna organizacija (obedineta); Bulgarian: Вътрешна македонска революционна организация - обединена, Vatreshna makedonska revolyucionna organizatsiya - Obedinena), commonly known in English as IMRO (United), was the name of a revolutionary political organization active across the entire geographical region of Macedonia.
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Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – People's Party
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization–People's Party (Внатрешна Македонска Револуционерна Организација-Народна Партија, Vnatrešna Makedonska Revolucionerna Organizacija–Narodna Partija) is a conservative political party in the Republic of Macedonia, formed by the followers of the former Prime Minister Ljubčo Georgievski who split from the VMRO–DPMNE.
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Internal Revolutionary Organization
The Internal Revolutionary Organisation (Вътрешна революционна организация) or IRO was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation founded and built up by Bulgarian revolutionary Vasil Levski in the period between 1869 and 1871.
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Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation
The Internal Thracian Revolutionary Organisation (Bulgarian: Вътрешна тракийска революционна организация, Vatreshna trakiyska revolutsionna organizatsiya, ITRO) was a Bulgarian revolutionary organisation active in Western Thrace and southern Bulgaria between 1920 and 1934.
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Ivan Garvanov
Ivan Garvanov (Иван Гарванов) (December 23, 1869 in Stara Zagora, today Bulgaria – November 28, 1907 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian revolutionary and leader of the revolutionary movement in Ottoman Macedonia and Southern Thrace.
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Ivan Hadzhinikolov
Ivan Hadzhinikolov (Иван Хаџиниколов) (Иван Хаджиниколов) (December 24, 1869, Kilkis, Ottoman Empire – July 9, 1934, Sofia, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian revolutionary, leader of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia, Eastern and Western Thrace.
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Ivan Katardžiev
Ivan Katardžiev (Иван Катарджиев) (born 1926) is a Macedonian historian.
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Ivan Mihailov
Ivan Mihailov Gavrilov (Иван Михайлов ГавриловHe is credited in English language sources as Mihailov, while the Bulgarian and Macedonian transliteration schemes would render it Mihaylov and Mihajlov, respectively.; 26 August 1896 – 5 September 1990), sometimes Vancho Mihailov, was a Bulgarian revolutionary in Ottoman and interwar Macedonia, and leader of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) after 1924.
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Ivo Banac
Ivo Banac (born March 1, 1947) is a Croatian historian, a long-time history professor at Yale University and was a politician of the former Liberal Party in Croatia.
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Kastoria
Kastoria (Καστοριά, Kastoriá) is a city in northern Greece in the region of West Macedonia.
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Kingdom of Bulgaria
The Kingdom of Bulgaria (Царство България, Tsarstvo Bǎlgariya), also referred to as the Tsardom of Bulgaria and the Third Bulgarian Tsardom, was a constitutional monarchy in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908 when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a kingdom.
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Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state which existed from 1861—when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy—until 1946—when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
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Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; Кралство Југославија) was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed from 1918 until 1941, during the interwar period and beginning of World War II.
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Krste Misirkov
Krste Petkov Misirkov (Кръстьо Петков Мисирков; Крсте Петков Мисирков) (18 November 1874, Postol, Ottoman Empire – 26 July 1926, Sofia, Kingdom of Bulgaria) was a philologist, slavist, historian and ethnographer.
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Kruševo Republic
The Kruševo Republic (Bulgarian and Kruševska Republika) was a short-lived political entity proclaimed in 1903 by rebels from the Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO) in Kruševo during the anti-Ottoman Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising.
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Kyustendil Province
Kyustendil Province (Област Кюстендил, trl Oblast Kyustendil) is a province in southwestern Bulgaria, extending over an area of 3084.3 km² (constituting 2.7% of the total territory of the Republic of Bulgaria), and with a population of 163,889.
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Lake Prespa
Prespa is the name of two freshwater lakes in southeast Europe, shared by Albania, Greece, and the Republic of Macedonia.
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League of Communists of Yugoslavia
The League of Communists of Yugoslavia, before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, was the country's largest communist party, and the ruling party of SFR Yugoslavia.
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League of Nations
The League of Nations (abbreviated as LN in English, La Société des Nations abbreviated as SDN or SdN in French) was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War.
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Liberation of Bulgaria
In Bulgarian historiography, the Liberation of Bulgaria refers to those events of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 that led to the re-establishment of the Bulgarian state under the Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878.
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Louis Barthou
Jean Louis Barthou (25 August 1862 – 9 October 1934) was a French politician of the Third Republic who served as Prime Minister of France for eight months in 1913.
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Lyudmila Zhivkova
Lyudmila Todorova Zhivkova (Людмила Тодорова Живкова; 26 July 1942 – 21 July 1981) was the daughter of Bulgarian Communist leader Todor Zhivkov, who reached the rank of senior Bulgarian Communist Party functionary and Politburo member.
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Macedonia (Greece)
Macedonia (Μακεδονία, Makedonía) is a geographic and historical region of Greece in the southern Balkans.
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Macedonia (region)
Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe.
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Macedonian Bulgarians
Macedonians or Macedonian Bulgarians (Македонски българи or Mакедонци), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians or Macedo-Bulgarians is a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Macedonia.
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Macedonian Federative Organization
The Macedonian Federative Organization (MFO) was established in Sofia in 1921 by former Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) left wing's activists.
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Macedonian Front
The Macedonian Front, also known as the Salonica Front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the fall of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria.
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Macedonian nationalism
Macedonian nationalism is a general grouping of nationalist ideas and concepts among ethnic Macedonians that were first formed in the late 19th century among separatists seeking the autonomy of the region of Macedonia from the Ottoman Empire.
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Macedonian Scientific Institute
The Macedonian Scientific Institute (MSI, Македонски научен институт) is a Bulgarian scientific organisation, which studies the Region of Macedonia and mostly the Macedonian Bulgarians.
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Macedonian Struggle
The Macedonian Struggle (Μακεδονικὸς Ἀγών, Makedonikos Agon) or Greek Struggle in Macedonia (Гръцка въоръжена пропаганда в Македония, "Greek armed propaganda in Macedonia") was a series of social, political, cultural and military conflicts between Greek and Bulgarian subjects living in Ottoman Macedonia between 1893 and 1908.
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Macedonian Youth Secret Revolutionary Organization
The Macedonian Youth Secret Revolutionary Organization or MYSRO; (Македонска младежка тайна революционна организация, Македонска младинска тајна револуционерна организација), was the name of a secret pro-Bulgarian youth organization established by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, active across the most regions of Macedonia between 1922-1941.
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Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps
The Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps (Македоно-одринско опълчение, Makedono-odrinsko opalchenie) was a volunteer corps of the Bulgarian Army during the Balkan Wars.
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Macedonians (ethnic group)
The Macedonians (Македонци; transliterated: Makedonci), also known as Macedonian Slavs or Slavic Macedonians, are a South Slavic ethnic group native to the region of Macedonia.
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Marseille
Marseille (Provençal: Marselha), is the second-largest city of France and the largest city of the Provence historical region.
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May Manifesto
The "May Manifesto" of May 6, 1924 was a paper in which the objectives of the unified Macedonian liberation movement were presented: independence and unification of partitioned region of Macedonia, fighting all the neighbouring Balkan monarchies, supporting the Balkan Communist Federation and cooperation with the Soviet Union.
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Metodi Shatorov
Metodi Tasev Shatorov - Sharlo (Bulgarian: Методи Шаторов - Шарло and Macedonian Cyrillic: Методиja Шаторов - Шарло) (January 10, 1897, Prilep, Manastir Vilayet, Ottoman Empire – September 12, 1944 near Velingrad, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian communist leader during the first half of 20th century and also temporary leader of the Macedonian communists in 1940-1941.
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Metodija Andonov-Čento
Metodija Andonov-Čento (Методија Андонов Ченто) (August 17, 1902 – July 24, 1957) was a Yugoslav statesman, the first president of the Anti-Fascist Assembly of the National Liberation of Macedonia and of the People's Republic of Macedonia in the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia after the Second World War.
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Milan
Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.
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Montenegrins
Montenegrins (Montenegrin: Црногорци/Crnogorci, or), literally "People of the Black Mountain", are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group native to Montenegro.
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National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria
The National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria or NFSB (Natzionalen Front za Spasenie na Bulgaria) (Национален фронт за спасение на България), is a nationalist political party in Bulgaria.
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National Ideal for Unity
The National Ideal for Unity or NIU (Natzionalen Ideal za Edinstvo) (Национален идеал за единство), was a nationalist political party in Bulgaria.
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National Republican Greek League
The National Republican Greek League or EDES (Εθνικός Δημοκρατικός Ελληνικός Σύνδεσμος (ΕΔΕΣ), Ethnikos Dimokratikos Ellinikos Syndesmos) was one of the major resistance groups formed during the Axis Occupation of Greece during World War II.
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.
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Ohrana
Ohrana (Охрана with meaning: "Protection"); were armed collaborationist detachments organized by the former Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) structures, composed of Bulgarians (i.e. pro-Bulgarian oriented parts of the Slavophone population) in Nazi-occupied Greek Macedonia during World War II and led by officers of the Bulgarian Army.
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Ohrid–Debar uprising
The Ohrid–Debar uprising (translit; translit) was an uprising in Western Macedonia, then Kingdom of Serbia, in September 1913.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
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Panko Brashnarov
Panko Brashnarov (Панко Брашнаров, Панко Брашнар, Panko Brašnar) (1883, Veles, Kosovo Vilayet, Ottoman Empire – 1951, Goli Otok, Yugoslavia) was a revolutionary and member of the left wing of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO) and IMRO (United) later.
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Pavel Shatev
Pavel Potsev Shatev (Bulgarian and Павел Поцев Шатев) (July 15, 1882 – January 30, 1951) was a Bulgarian revolutionary and member of the left wing of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO), later becoming a left-wing political activist.
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People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section)
Dimo Hadzhidimov, Todor Panitsa and Yane Sandanski with the Young Turks The People's Federative Party (Bulgarian Section) (Народна федеративна партия (българска секция)) was a Bulgarian political party in the Ottoman Empire, created after the Young Turk Revolution, by members of the left wing of the Internal Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO).
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People's Republic of Bulgaria
The People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB; Народна република България (НРБ) Narodna republika Bǎlgariya (NRB)) was the official name of Bulgaria when it was a socialist republic.
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Petar Chaulev
Petar Chaulev (Петър Чаулев Petǎr Čaulev) (1882, Ohrid, Manastir Vilayet, Ottoman empire, present-day Republic of Macedonia – 1924, Milan) was a Bulgarian revolutionary in Ottoman Macedonia.
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Petar Poparsov
Petar Pop-Arsov (Петър Попарсов) (August 14, 1868 in Bogomila, present day Čaška Municipality, Republic of Macedonia – January 1, 1941 in Sofia, Bulgaria) was a Bulgarian revolutionary from Macedonia, one of the founders of "The Committee for Obtaining the Political Rights Given to Macedonia by the Congress of Berlin" from which, as Petar Poparsov says in his writings, later developed the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), known prior to 1902 as Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (BMARC).
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Petrich
Petrich (Пѐтрич) is a town in Blagoevgrad Province in southwestern Bulgaria, located at the foot of the Belasica Mountains in the Strumeshnitsa Valley.
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Peyo Yavorov
Peyo Yavorov (Пейо (Кр.) Яворов; born Peyo Totev Kracholov, Пейо Тотев Крачолов; 13 January 1878 – 29 October 1914) was a Bulgarian Symbolist poet.
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Pitu Guli
Pitu Guli (1865–1903) was an Aromanian revolutionary in Ottoman Macedonia, a local leader of what is commonly referred to as the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO).
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Presidium
A presidium or praesidium is a council of executive officers in some political assemblies that collectively administers its business, either alongside an individual president or in place of one.
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Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
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Prohor Pčinjski
The Monastery of Venerable Prohor of Pčinja (Manastir Prepodobnog Prohora Pčinjskog / Манастир Преподобног Прохора Пчињског, commonly known as Prohor Pčinjski) is an 11th-century Serbian Orthodox monastery in the deep south in Serbia, located in the village of Klenike, south of Vranje, near the border with Macedonia.
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Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia (translit), officially the Republic of Macedonia, is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Resolution of the Comintern on the Macedonian Question
The resolution of the Comintern of January 11, 1934, was an official political document, in which for the first time, an authoritative international organization has recognized the existence of a separate Macedonian nation and Macedonian language.
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Revolutions of 1989
The Revolutions of 1989 formed part of a revolutionary wave in the late 1980s and early 1990s that resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.
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Rhodope Mountains
The Rhodopes (Родопи, Rodopi; Ροδόπη, Rodopi; Rodoplar) are a mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece.
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Rumelia
Rumelia (روم ايلى, Rūm-ėli; Rumeli), also known as Turkey in Europe, was a historical term describing the area in southeastern Europe that was administered by the Ottoman Empire, mainly the Balkan Peninsula.
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Second Balkan War
The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 (O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913.
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Serbia
Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.
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Skopje
Skopje (Скопје) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia.
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Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia
Slavic-speakers are a linguistic minority population in the northern Greek region of Macedonia, who are mostly concentrated in certain parts of the peripheries of West and Central Macedonia, adjacent to the territory of the Republic of Macedonia.
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Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia or SFRY) was a socialist state led by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, that existed from its foundation in the aftermath of World War II until its dissolution in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars.
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Socialist Republic of Macedonia
The Socialist Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: Социјалистичка Република Македонија, Socijalistička Republika Makedonija) was one of the six constituent countries of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and a socialist nation state of the Macedonians.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Struma (river)
The Struma or Strymónas (Струма; Στρυμόνας; (Struma) Karasu, 'black water') is a river in Bulgaria and Greece.
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Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee (SMAC), (Върховен македоно - одрински комитет, (ВМОК)), also known as Supreme Macedonian Committee was a Bulgarian revolutionary political organization, active in the Macedonia and Thrace regions of the Ottoman Empire, which bases and main structures were in Bulgaria from 1895 to 1905.
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Svetozar Vukmanović
Svetozar "Tempo" Vukmanović (Светозар Вукмановић Темпо; 14 August 1912 in Podgora village near Cetinje, Kingdom of Montenegro – 6 December 2000 in Reževići village near Budva, Montenegro, FR Yugoslavia) was a leading Montenegrin communist and member of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia.
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Terrorism
Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a financial, political, religious or ideological aim.
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Theodoros Pangalos (general)
Lieutenant General Theodoros Pangalos (11 January 1878 – 26 February 1952) was a Greek soldier, politician and dictator.
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Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη, Thessaloníki), also familiarly known as Thessalonica, Salonica, or Salonika is the second-largest city in Greece, with over 1 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.
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Thrace
Thrace (Modern Θράκη, Thráki; Тракия, Trakiya; Trakya) is a geographical and historical area in southeast Europe, now split between Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey, which is bounded by the Balkan Mountains to the north, the Aegean Sea to the south and the Black Sea to the east.
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Thracian Bulgarians
Thracians or Thracian Bulgarians (Bulgarian: Тракийски българи or Тракийци) are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or native to Thrace.
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Tikveš uprising
Tikvesh uprising (Тиквешко въстание, and Тиквешко востание) was an uprising in the Tikveš region of Macedonia in late June 1913.
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Tito–Stalin Split
The Tito–Stalin Split, or Yugoslav–Soviet Split, was a conflict between the leaders of SFR Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, which resulted in Yugoslavia's expulsion from the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) in 1948.
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Todor Aleksandrov
Todor Aleksandrov Poporushov also transliterated as Todor Alexandrov (Bulgarian: Тодор Александров) also spelt Alexandroff (4 March 1881 – 31 August 1924) was a Macedonian Bulgarian freedom fighter and member of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (BMARC) and later of the Central Committee of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation (IMRO).
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Todor Panitsa
Todor Nikolov Panitsa (Тодор Николов Паница) (July 2, 1879 Oryahovo, Bulgaria – May 7, 1925 Vienna) was a Bulgarian revolutionary figure, active in the region of Macedonia.
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Toplica Uprising
The Toplica Uprising (Топлички устанак) was a Serb rebellion in 1917 carried out by Serbian guerrillas (Chetniks) in the Toplica District against the Bulgarian occupation force in the eastern part of the Kingdom of Serbia, occupied since October 1915.
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Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine required Bulgaria to cede various territories, after Bulgaria had been one of the Central Powers defeated in World War I. The treaty was signed on 27 November 1919 at Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
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Treaty of Niš (1923)
The Treaty of Niš (Нишка спогодба, Нишки споразум/Niški sporazum) was a treaty signed on 23 March 1923 by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and the Kingdom of Bulgaria which obliged the Kingdom of Bulgaria to suppress the operations of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) carried out from Bulgarian territory.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Turkish people
Turkish people or the Turks (Türkler), also known as Anatolian Turks (Anadolu Türkleri), are a Turkic ethnic group and nation living mainly in Turkey and speaking Turkish, the most widely spoken Turkic language.
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United Macedonia
United Macedonia (Обединета Македонија, Obedineta Makedonija), or Greater Macedonia (Голема Македонија, Golema Makedonija), is an irredentist concept among ethnic Macedonian nationalists that aims to unify the transnational region of Macedonia in southeastern Europe (which they claim as their homeland and which they assert was wrongfully divided under the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913) into a single state that would be dominated by ethnic Macedonians but all individuals in all ethnic groups, such as Greek Macedonians and Albanian Macedonians, would have equal rights and protection under the law.
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Ustashe
The Ustasha – Croatian Revolutionary Movement (Ustaša – Hrvatski revolucionarni pokret), commonly known as Ustashe (Ustaše), was a Croatian fascist, racist, ultranationalist and terrorist organization, active, in its original form, between 1929 and 1945.
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Vardar Macedonia
Vardar Macedonia (Macedonian and Вардарска Македонија, Vardarska Makedonija) was the name given to the territory of Kingdom of Serbia and Kingdom of Yugoslavia roughly corresponding to today's Republic of Macedonia.
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Vasil Kolarov
Vasil Petrov Kolarov (Васил Петров Коларов) (16 July 1877 – 23 January 1950) was a Bulgarian communist political leader and leading functionary in the Communist International (Comintern).
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Vienna
Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.
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Vlachs
Vlachs (or, or rarely), also Wallachians (and many other variants), is a historical term from the Middle Ages which designates an exonym (a name given by foreigners) used mostly for the Romanians who lived north and south of the Danube.
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Vlado Chernozemski
Vlado Chernozemski (Владо Черноземски) (19 October 1897 – 9 October 1934), born Velichko Dimitrov Kerin (Величко Димитров Керин), was a Bulgarian revolutionary.
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VMRO-DPMNE
The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity (Внатрешна македонска револуционерна организација – Демократска партија за македонско национално единство), simplified as VMRO-DPMNE, is one of the two major parties in the Republic of Macedonia, the other being the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (SDSM).
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Western Outlands
The Western (Bulgarian) Outlands (transliterated: Zapadni (Balgarski) pokraynini) is a term used by Bulgarians to describe several territorially separate regions located in southeastern Serbia.
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Western Thrace
Western Thrace (Θράκη, Thráki; Batı Trakya; Западна Тракия, Zapadna Trakiya or Беломорска Тракия, Belomorska Trakiya) is a geographic and historical region of Greece, between the Nestos and Evros rivers in the northeast of the country; Eastern Thrace, which lies east of the river Evros, forms the European part of Turkey, and the area to the north, in Bulgaria, is known as Northern Thrace.
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Yane Sandanski
Yane Ivanov Sandanski or Jane Ivanov Sandanski (May 18, 1872 – April 22, 1915), was a Bulgarian revolutionary recognised as a national hero in Bulgaria and the Republic of Macedonia.
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Young Turk Revolution
The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) of the Ottoman Empire was when the Young Turks movement restored the Ottoman constitution of 1876 and ushered in multi-party politics in a two stage electoral system (electoral law) under the Ottoman parliament.
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Young Turks
Young Turks (Jön Türkler, from Les Jeunes Turcs) was a Turkish nationalist party in the early 20th century that consisted of Ottoman exiles, students, civil servants, and army officers.
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Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija/Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија; Pannonian Rusyn: Югославия, transcr. Juhoslavija)Jugosllavia; Jugoszlávia; Juhoslávia; Iugoslavia; Jugoslávie; Iugoslavia; Yugoslavya; Югославия, transcr. Jugoslavija.
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Redirects here:
BMORC, BMORK, Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committee, Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees, IMARO, IMORO, IMRO, Inner Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, Internal Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation, Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organisation, Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, Internal Macedono-Odrinian Revolutionary Organization, Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, Macedonian revolutionary fight day, SMARO, Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, TMORO, VMORO, VMRO, Valandovo action.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization
