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841 relations: 'Ndrangheta, Abies nebrodensis, Abruzzo, Academy Award for Best International Feature Film, Academy Awards, Academy Honorary Award, Acrobatics, Age of Discovery, Age of Enlightenment, Agusta A129 Mangusta, Albano Carrisi, Alcide De Gasperi, Alessandro Manzoni, Alfa Romeo, Allied invasion of Sicily, Allies of World War I, Allies of World War II, AllMusic, Alps, Amerigo Vespucci, Ancient Greek, Ancient Greek cuisine, Ancient Roman cuisine, Andrea Bocelli, Andrea Palladio, Anna Maria Mozzoni, Anti-authoritarianism, Antonio Canova, Antonio Gramsci, Antonio Vivaldi, Aosta Valley, Apennine Mountains, Apulia, Arab cuisine, Arbutus unedo, AREA Science Park, Ariete, Aristotelianism, Armani, Armistice of 11 November 1918, Armistice of Cassibile, Arno, Artemisia Gentileschi, Assumption of Mary, Astronomer, Attack helicopter, Auguste and Louis Lumière, Augustine of Hippo, Augustus, Austria-Hungary, ... Expand index (791 more) »
- 1861 establishments in Europe
- Countries and territories where Italian is an official language
- G20 members
- Member states of NATO
- Member states of the European Union
- Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- OECD members
- States and territories established in 1861
'Ndrangheta
The 'Ndrangheta is an Italian Mafia-type association, Disegno di legge, Senato della Repubblica, 20 May 2010 based in the peninsular region of Calabria and dating back to the 19th century.
Abies nebrodensis
Abies nebrodensis, the Sicilian fir, is a fir native to the Madonie mountains in northern Sicily.
See Italy and Abies nebrodensis
Abruzzo
Abruzzo (Abbrùzze, Abbrìzze or Abbrèzze; Abbrùzzu), historically known as Abruzzi, is a region of Southern Italy with an area of 10,763 square km (4,156 sq mi) and a population of 1.3 million.
Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
The Academy Award for Best International Feature Film (known as Best Foreign Language Film prior to 2020) is one of the Academy Awards handed out annually by the U.S.-based Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
See Italy and Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
Academy Awards
The Academy Awards of Merit, commonly known as the Oscars or Academy Awards, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the film industry.
Academy Honorary Award
The Academy Honorary Award – instituted in 1950 for the 23rd Academy Awards (previously called the Special Award, which was first presented at the 1st Academy Awards in 1929) – is given annually by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
See Italy and Academy Honorary Award
Acrobatics
Acrobatics is the performance of human feats of balance, agility, and motor coordination.
Age of Discovery
The Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of Exploration, was part of the early modern period and largely overlapping with the Age of Sail.
See Italy and Age of Discovery
Age of Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment (also the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment) was the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in Europe in the 17th and the 18th centuries.
See Italy and Age of Enlightenment
Agusta A129 Mangusta
The Agusta A129 Mangusta (Mongoose) is an attack helicopter originally designed and produced by Italian company Agusta.
See Italy and Agusta A129 Mangusta
Albano Carrisi
Albano Antonio Carrisi (born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian tenor and actor.
Alcide De Gasperi
Alcide Amedeo Francesco De Gasperi (3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian politician and statesman who founded the Christian Democracy party and served as prime minister of Italy in eight successive coalition governments from 1945 to 1953.
See Italy and Alcide De Gasperi
Alessandro Manzoni
Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni (7 March 1785 – 22 May 1873) was an Italian poet, novelist and philosopher.
See Italy and Alessandro Manzoni
Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian luxury carmaker known for its sports-oriented vehicles, strong auto racing heritage, and iconic design.
Allied invasion of Sicily
The Allied invasion of Sicily, also known as the Battle of Sicily and Operation Husky, was a major campaign of World War II in which the Allied forces invaded the island of Sicily in July 1943 and took it from the Axis powers (Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany).
See Italy and Allied invasion of Sicily
Allies of World War I
The Allies, the Entente or the Triple Entente was an international military coalition of countries led by France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the United States, Italy, and Japan against the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).
See Italy and Allies of World War I
Allies of World War II
The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.
See Italy and Allies of World War II
AllMusic
AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database.
Alps
The Alps are one of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia.
See Italy and Alps
Amerigo Vespucci
Amerigo Vespucci (9 March 1451 – 22 February 1512) was an Italian explorer and navigator from the Republic of Florence, from whose name the term "America" is derived.
See Italy and Amerigo Vespucci
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
Ancient Greek cuisine
Ancient Greek cuisine was characterized by its frugality for most, reflecting agricultural hardship, but a great diversity of ingredients was known, and wealthy Greeks were known to celebrate with elaborate meals and feasts.
See Italy and Ancient Greek cuisine
Ancient Roman cuisine
The cuisine of ancient Rome changed greatly over the duration of the civilization's existence.
See Italy and Ancient Roman cuisine
Andrea Bocelli
Andrea Bocelli (born 22 September 1958) is an Italian tenor.
Andrea Palladio
Andrea Palladio (Andrea Paładio; 30 November 1508 – 19 August 1580) was an Italian Renaissance architect active in the Venetian Republic.
Anna Maria Mozzoni
Anna Maria Mozzoni (5 May 1837 – 14 June 1920) is commonly held as the founder of the woman's movement in Italy.
See Italy and Anna Maria Mozzoni
Anti-authoritarianism
Anti-authoritarianism is opposition to authoritarianism, which is defined as "a form of social organisation characterised by submission to authority", "favoring complete obedience or subjection to authority as opposed to individual freedom" and to authoritarian government.
See Italy and Anti-authoritarianism
Antonio Canova
Antonio Canova (1 November 1757 – 13 October 1822) was an Italian Neoclassical sculptor, famous for his marble sculptures.
Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Francesco Gramsci (22 January 1891 – 27 April 1937) was an Italian Marxist philosopher, linguist, journalist, writer, and politician.
Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an Italian composer, virtuoso violinist and impresario of Baroque music.
Aosta Valley
The Aosta Valley (Valle d'Aosta; Vallée d'Aoste; Val d'Aoûta) is a mountainous autonomous region in northwestern Italy.
Apennine Mountains
The Apennines or Apennine Mountains (Ἀπέννινα ὄρη or Ἀπέννινον ὄρος; Appenninus or Apenninus Mons– a singular with plural meaning; Appennini)Latin Apenninus (Greek Ἀπέννινος or Ἀπέννινα) has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented Apenn-inus, often used with nouns such as mons ("mountain") or Greek ὄρος, but Apenninus is just as often used alone as a noun.
See Italy and Apennine Mountains
Apulia
Apulia, also known by its Italian name Puglia, is a region of Italy, located in the southern peninsular section of the country, bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Strait of Otranto and Ionian Sea to the southeast and the Gulf of Taranto to the south.
See Italy and Apulia
Arab cuisine
Arab cuisine is the cuisine of the Arab world, defined as the various regional cuisines of the Arab people, spanning from the Maghreb to the Mashriq.
Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo, commonly known as strawberry tree, or chorleywood in the United Kingdom, is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Ericaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Western Europe.
AREA Science Park
The Trieste AREA Science Park is composed of two neighbouring campus developments located near the exit from the motorway linking Trieste to Austria and Slovenia.
See Italy and AREA Science Park
Ariete
The C1 Ariete (ram) is a 3rd generation main battle tank of the Italian Army, developed by Consorzio Iveco Oto Melara (CIO), a consortium formed by IVECO and OTO Melara.
See Italy and Ariete
Aristotelianism
Aristotelianism is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics.
Armani
Giorgio Armani S.p.A., commonly known as Armani, is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in Milan by Giorgio Armani which designs, manufactures, distributes and retails haute couture, ready-to-wear, leather goods, shoes, accessories, and home interiors.
See Italy and Armani
Armistice of 11 November 1918
The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, at sea, and in the air in World War I between the Entente and their last remaining opponent, Germany.
See Italy and Armistice of 11 November 1918
Armistice of Cassibile
The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice that was signed on 3 September 1943 between Italy and the Allies during World War II.
See Italy and Armistice of Cassibile
Arno
The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy.
See Italy and Arno
Artemisia Gentileschi
Artemisia Lomi or Artemisia Gentileschi (8 July 1593) was an Italian Baroque painter.
See Italy and Artemisia Gentileschi
Assumption of Mary
The Assumption of Mary is one of the four Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church.
See Italy and Assumption of Mary
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.
Attack helicopter
An attack helicopter is an armed helicopter with the primary role of an attack aircraft, with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles and fortifications.
See Italy and Attack helicopter
Auguste and Louis Lumière
The Lumière brothers, Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905, which places them among the earliest filmmakers.
See Italy and Auguste and Louis Lumière
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.
See Italy and Augustine of Hippo
Augustus
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.
Austrian Littoral
The Austrian Littoral (Österreichisches Küstenland, Litorale Austriaco, Austrijsko primorje, Avstrijsko primorje, Osztrák Tengermellék) was a crown land (Kronland) of the Austrian Empire, established in 1849.
See Italy and Austrian Littoral
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War, also by many variant names such as Seven Weeks' War, German Civil War, Brothers War or Fraternal War, known in Germany as Deutscher Krieg ("German War"), Deutscher Bruderkrieg ("German war of brothers") and by a variety of other names, was fought in 1866 between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia, with each also being aided by various allies within the German Confederation.
See Italy and Austro-Prussian War
Automotive industry in Italy
The automotive industry in Italy is a quite large employer in the country, it had over 2,131 firms and employed almost 250,000 people in 2006.
See Italy and Automotive industry in Italy
Autonomism
Autonomism, also known as Autonomist Marxism, is an anti-capitalist social movement and Marxist-based theoretical current that first emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerism (operaismo).
Autostrade of Italy
The autostrade (autostrada) are roads forming the Italian national system of motorways.
See Italy and Autostrade of Italy
Avant-garde
In the arts and in literature, the term avant-garde (from French meaning advance guard and vanguard) identifies an experimental genre, or work of art, and the artist who created it; which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable to the artistic establishment of the time.
Aviano Air Base
Aviano Air Base (Base aerea di Aviano) is a base in northeastern Italy, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region.
Axis powers
The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.
Ötzi
Ötzi, also called The Iceman, is the natural mummy of a man who lived between 3350 and 3105 BC.
See Italy and Ötzi
B1 Centauro
The Centauro is a family of Italian military vehicles originating from a wheeled tank destroyer for light to medium territorial defense and tactical reconnaissance.
B61 nuclear bomb
The B61 nuclear bomb is the primary thermonuclear gravity bomb in the United States Enduring Stockpile following the end of the Cold War.
See Italy and B61 nuclear bomb
Balkans
The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.
Balkans campaign (World War II)
The Balkans campaign of World War II began with the Italian invasion of Greece on 28 October 1940.
See Italy and Balkans campaign (World War II)
Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena
Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena S.p.A., known as BMPS or just MPS, is an Italian bank.
See Italy and Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena
Banco del Mutuo Soccorso
Banco del Mutuo Soccorso (English: Bank of Mutual Relief) is an Italian rock band.
See Italy and Banco del Mutuo Soccorso
Barbaresco
Barbaresco is an Italian wine made with the Nebbiolo grape.
Barolo
Barolo (bareul) is a red denominazione di origine controllata e garantita (DOCG) wine produced in the northern Italian region of Piedmont.
See Italy and Barolo
Baroque architecture
Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and gradually spread across Europe.
See Italy and Baroque architecture
Bartolomeo Manfredi
Bartolomeo Manfredi (baptised 25 August 1582 – 12 December 1622) was an Italian painter, a leading member of the Caravaggisti (followers of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio) of the early 17th century.
See Italy and Bartolomeo Manfredi
Basilicata
Basilicata, also known by its ancient name Lucania, is an administrative region in Southern Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south.
Basketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics was the sixteenth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event.
See Italy and Basketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Battle of Vittorio Veneto
The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 (with an armistice taking effect 24 hours later) near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. After having thoroughly defeated Austro-Hungarian troops during the defensive Battle of the Piave River, the Italian army launched a great counter-offensive: the Italian victory marked the end of the war on the Italian Front, secured the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and contributed to the end of the First World War just one week later.
See Italy and Battle of Vittorio Veneto
BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.
Befana
In Italian folklore and folk customs, the Befana is a witch-like old woman who delivers gifts to children throughout Italy on Epiphany Eve (the night of January 5) in a similar way to Santa Claus or the Three Magi.
See Italy and Befana
Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Italy and Belgium are countries in Europe, member states of NATO, member states of the European Union, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and OECD members.
Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats
The Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, also known as the Bern Convention (or Berne Convention), is a binding international legal instrument in the field of Nature Conservation, it covers the natural heritage in Europe, as well as in some African countries.
See Italy and Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats
Bicameralism
Bicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature.
Bicycle Thieves
Bicycle Thieves (Ladri di biciclette), also known as The Bicycle Thief, is a 1948 Italian neorealist drama film directed by Vittorio De Sica.
Biennio Rosso
The Biennio Rosso (English: "Red Biennium" or "Two Red Years") was a two-year period, between 1919 and 1920, of intense social conflict in Italy, following the First World War.
Big Oil
Big Oil is a name sometimes used to describe the world's six or seven largest publicly traded and investor-owned oil and gas companies, also known as supermajors.
Billie Jean King Cup
The Billie Jean King Cup (or the BJK Cup) is the premier international team competition in women's tennis, launched as the Federation Cup in 1963 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the International Tennis Federation (ITF).
See Italy and Billie Jean King Cup
Biodiversity
Biodiversity (or biological diversity) is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
Black Death
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353.
Blue-water navy
A blue-water navy is a maritime force capable of operating globally, essentially across the deep waters of open oceans.
Bocconi University
Bocconi University or Università Bocconi (formally known in Italian as Università Commerciale Luigi Bocconi - Luigi Bocconi Commercial University) is a private university in Milan, Italy.
See Italy and Bocconi University
Brunello di Montalcino
Brunello di Montalcino is a red DOCG Italian wine produced in the vineyards surrounding the town of Montalcino, in the province of Siena, located about 80 km south of Florence, in the Tuscan wine region.
See Italy and Brunello di Montalcino
Bruno Munari
Bruno Munari (24 October 1907 – 29 September 1998) was "one of the greatest actors of 20th-century art, design and graphics".
Bulgari
Bulgari (stylized as BVLGARI) is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1884 and known for its jewellery, watches, fragrances, accessories, and leather goods.
Byzantine cuisine
Byzantine cuisine was the continuation of local ancient Greek cuisine, ancient Roman cuisine and Mediterranean cuisine.
See Italy and Byzantine cuisine
Cabiria
Cabiria is a 1914 Italian epic silent film, directed by Giovanni Pastrone and shot in Turin.
Calabria
Calabria is a region in southern Italy.
Calcio storico fiorentino
Calcio storico fiorentino (also known as calcio in livrea or calcio in costume) is an early form of football that originated during the Middle Ages in Italy.
See Italy and Calcio storico fiorentino
Calendula maritima
Calendula maritima, known as the sea marigold and trailing calendula, is a very rare species from the family of Asteraceae.
See Italy and Calendula maritima
Campania
Campania is an administrative region of Italy; most of it is in the south-western portion of the Italian peninsula (with the Tyrrhenian Sea to its west), but it also includes the small Phlegraean Islands and the island of Capri.
Campione d'Italia
Campione d'Italia (Italian pronunciation: kamˈpjoːne diˈtaːlja, lit. Champion of Italy), (Comasco: Campiùn) is a comune of the Province of Como in the Lombardy region of Italy and an enclave surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino.
See Italy and Campione d'Italia
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes Film Festival (Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (Festival international du film), is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries, from all around the world.
See Italy and Cannes Film Festival
Canticle of the Sun
The Canticle of the Sun, also known as Canticle of the Creatures and Laudes Creaturarum (Praise of the Creatures), is a religious song composed by Saint Francis of Assisi.
See Italy and Canticle of the Sun
Carabinieri
The Carabinieri (also,; formally Arma dei Carabinieri, "Arm of Carabineers"; previously Corpo dei Carabinieri Reali, "Royal Carabineers Corps") are the national gendarmerie of Italy who primarily carry out domestic and foreign policing duties.
Caravaggio
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (also Michele Angelo Merigi or Amerighi da Caravaggio;,,; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610), known mononymously as Caravaggio, was an Italian painter active in Rome for most of his artistic life.
Carbon cycle
The carbon cycle is that part of the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of Earth.
Carlo Collodi
Carlo Lorenzini (24 November 1826 – 26 October 1890), better known by the pen name Carlo Collodi, was an Italian author, humourist, and journalist, widely known for his fairy tale novel The Adventures of Pinocchio.
Carlo Gesualdo
Carlo Gesualdo da Venosa (between 8 March 1566 and 30 March 1566 – 8 September 1613) was an Italian nobleman and composer.
Carlo Penco
Carlo Penco (born August 1948) is an Italian analytic philosopher and full professor in philosophy of language at the University of Genoa in Italy.
Carlo Saraceni
Carlo Saraceni (1579 – 16 June 1620) was an Italian early-Baroque painter, whose reputation as a "first-class painter of the second rank" was improved with the publication of a modern monograph in 1968.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) is a nonpartisan international affairs think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C., with operations in Europe, South and East Asia, and the Middle East as well as the United States.
See Italy and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carrara marble
Carrara marble, or Luna marble to the Romans, is a type of white or blue-grey marble popular for use in sculpture and building decor.
Cassata
Cassata or cassata siciliana is a traditional cake from the Sicily region of Italy.
Catalan language
Catalan (or; autonym: català), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as Valencian (autonym: valencià), is a Western Romance language.
See Italy and Catalan language
Catanzaro
Catanzaro (or; Catanzaru), also known as the "City of the two Seas" (Città tra i due Mari), is an Italian city of 86,183 inhabitants (2020), the capital of the Calabria region and of its province and the second most populated comune of the region, behind Reggio Calabria.
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
Catholic Church by country
The Catholic Church is "the Catholic Communion of Churches, both Roman and Eastern, or Oriental, that are in full communion with the Bishop of Rome (the pope)." The church is also known by members as the People of God, the Body of Christ, the "Temple of the Holy Spirit", among other names.
See Italy and Catholic Church by country
Catholic Church in Italy
The Italian Catholic Church, or Catholic Church in Italy, is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in communion with the Pope in Rome, under the Conference of Italian Bishops.
See Italy and Catholic Church in Italy
Central European Initiative
The Central European Initiative (CEI) is a forum of regional cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe, counting 18 member states.
See Italy and Central European Initiative
Central European Summer Time
Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.
See Italy and Central European Summer Time
Central European Time
Central European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
See Italy and Central European Time
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.
See Italy and Central Intelligence Agency
Central Powers
The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).
Cesare Beccaria
Cesare Bonesana di Beccaria, Marquis of Gualdrasco and Villareggio, (15 March 173828 November 1794) was an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, economist, and politician who is widely considered one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment.
Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
The Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei deputati) is the lower house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, the upper house being the Senate of the Republic.
See Italy and Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
Charlemagne
Charlemagne (2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor, of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire, from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814.
Charles VIII of France
Charles VIII, called the Affable (l'Affable; 30 June 1470 – 7 April 1498), was King of France from 1483 to his death in 1498.
See Italy and Charles VIII of France
Chernobyl disaster
The Chernobyl disaster began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR, close to the border with the Byelorussian SSR, in the Soviet Union.
See Italy and Chernobyl disaster
Chianti
Chianti is an Italian red wine produced in the Chianti region of central Tuscany, principally from the Sangiovese grape.
Christian Democracy (Italy)
Christian Democracy (Democrazia Cristiana, DC and also called White Whale, Balena Bianca) was a Christian democratic political party in Italy.
See Italy and Christian Democracy (Italy)
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus (between 25 August and 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer and navigator from the Republic of Genoa who completed four Spanish-based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.
See Italy and Christopher Columbus
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.
See Italy and Cicero
Cinecittà
Cinecittà Studios (Italian for Cinema City Studios) is a large film studio in Rome, Italy.
Cinema of Italy
The cinema of Italy comprises the films made within Italy or by Italian directors.
Cinema Paradiso
Cinema Paradiso (Nuovo Cinema Paradiso,, literally "New Paradise Cinema") is a 1988 coming-of-age dramedy film written and directed by Giuseppe Tornatore.
Cisalpine Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina, also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata) was the name given, especially during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, to a region of land inhabited by Celts (Gauls), corresponding to what is now most of northern Italy.
Cispadane Republic
The Cispadane Republic was a short-lived client republic located in northern Italy, founded in 1796 with the protection of the French army, led by Napoleon Bonaparte.
See Italy and Cispadane Republic
Citrus
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae.
See Italy and Citrus
Classical music
Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions.
Classical school (criminology)
In criminology, the classical school usually refers to the 18th-century work during the Enlightenment by the utilitarian and social-contract philosophers Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria.
See Italy and Classical school (criminology)
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (baptized 15 May 1567 – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, choirmaster and string player.
See Italy and Claudio Monteverdi
Colosseum
The Colosseum (Colosseo) is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum.
Commercial revolution
In European history, the commercial revolution saw the development of a European economy – based on trade – which began in the 11th century AD and operated until the advent of the Industrial Revolution in the mid-18th century.
See Italy and Commercial revolution
Comune
A comune (comuni) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.
See Italy and Comune
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.
See Italy and Congress of Vienna
Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
Constituent Assembly of Italy
The Italian Constituent Assembly (Italian: Assemblea Costituente della Repubblica Italiana) was a parliamentary chamber which existed in Italy from 25 June 1946 until 31 January 1948.
See Italy and Constituent Assembly of Italy
Constitution of Italy
The Constitution of the Italian Republic (Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana) was ratified on 22 December 1947 by the Constituent Assembly, with 453 votes in favour and 62 against, before coming into force on 1 January 1948, one century after the previous Constitution of the Kingdom of Italy had been enacted.
See Italy and Constitution of Italy
Constitutional Court of Italy
The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law.
See Italy and Constitutional Court of Italy
Cooperative
A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-controlled enterprise".
Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard
The Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard (Corpo delle Capitanerie di porto – Guardia costiera) is the coast guard of Italy and is part of the Italian Navy under the control of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport.
See Italy and Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard
Corsica
Corsica (Corse; Còrsega) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe, CdE) is an international organisation with the goal of upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.
See Italy and Council of Europe
Council of Trent
The Council of Trent (Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.
See Italy and Council of Trent
Counter-Reformation
The Counter-Reformation, also sometimes called the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to, and as an alternative to, the Protestant Reformations at the time.
See Italy and Counter-Reformation
Crimean War
The Crimean War was fought from October 1853 to February 1856 between the Russian Empire and an ultimately victorious alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom, and Sardinia-Piedmont.
Crotone
Crotone (Cutrone or Cutruni) is a city and comune in Calabria, Italy.
Crusades
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.
Cultural hegemony
In Marxist philosophy, cultural hegemony is the dominance of a culturally diverse society by the ruling class who shape the culture of that society—the beliefs and explanations, perceptions, values, and mores—so that the worldview of the ruling class becomes the accepted cultural norm.
See Italy and Cultural hegemony
Culture of Europe
The culture of Europe is diverse, and rooted in its art, architecture, traditions, cuisines, music, folklore, embroidery, film, literature, economics, philosophy and religious customs.
See Italy and Culture of Europe
Culture of Italy
The culture of Italy encompasses the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, and customs of the Italian peninsula and of the Italians throughout history.
See Italy and Culture of Italy
Dalmatia
Dalmatia (Dalmacija; Dalmazia; see names in other languages) is one of the four historical regions of Croatia, alongside Central Croatia, Slavonia, and Istria, located on the east shore of the Adriatic Sea in Croatia.
Dante Alighieri
Dante Alighieri (– September 14, 1321), most likely baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and widely known and often referred to in English mononymously as Dante, was an Italian poet, writer, and philosopher.
Dardo IFV
The Dardo is an infantry fighting vehicle designed for the Italian Army as a replacement for the M113 APC.
Dario Argento
Dario Argento (born 7 September 1940) is an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer.
Dario Fo
Dario Luigi Angelo Fo (24 March 1926 – 13 October 2016) was an Italian playwright, actor, theatre director, stage designer, songwriter, political campaigner for the Italian left wing and the recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Dark Ages (historiography)
The Dark Ages is a term for the Early Middle Ages (–10th centuries), or occasionally the entire Middle Ages (–15th centuries), in Western Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, which characterises it as marked by economic, intellectual, and cultural decline.
See Italy and Dark Ages (historiography)
Davis Cup
The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis.
Denominazione di origine controllata
The following four classifications of wine constitute the Italian system of labelling and legally protecting Italian wine.
See Italy and Denominazione di origine controllata
Deutsche Welle
("German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget.
Developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
See Italy and Developed country
Diocletian
Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.
Disco
Disco is a genre of dance music and a subculture that emerged in the late 1960s from the United States' urban nightlife scene.
See Italy and Disco
Divine Comedy
The Divine Comedy (Divina Commedia) is an Italian narrative poem by Dante Alighieri, begun 1308 and completed around 1321, shortly before the author's death.
Dolce & Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana, also known by initials D&G, is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana.
Dolce Stil Novo
Dolce Stil Novo, Italian for "sweet new style", is the name given to a literary movement in 13th and 14th century Italy.
Dolomites
The Dolomites (Dolomiti), also known as the Dolomite Mountains, Dolomite Alps or Dolomitic Alps, are a mountain range in northeastern Italy.
Domenico Modugno
Domenico Modugno (9 January 1928 – 6 August 1994) was an Italian singer, actor and, later in life, a member of the Italian Parliament.
See Italy and Domenico Modugno
Domenico Scarlatti
Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti (26 October 1685 – 23 July 1757) was an Italian composer.
See Italy and Domenico Scarlatti
Dominus (title)
Dominus is the Latin word for master or owner.
Donatello
Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi (– 13 December 1466), known mononymously as Donatello, was an Italian sculptor of the Renaissance period.
Donato Bramante
Donato Bramante (1444 – 11 April 1514), born as Donato di Pascuccio d'Antonio and also known as Bramante Lazzari, was an Italian architect and painter.
Doric Greek
Doric or Dorian (Dōrismós), also known as West Greek, was a group of Ancient Greek dialects; its varieties are divided into the Doric proper and Northwest Doric subgroups.
Duchy of Amalfi
The Duchy of Amalfi or the Republic of Amalfi was a de facto independent state centered on the Southern Italian city of Amalfi during the 10th and 11th centuries.
Duchy of Milan
The Duchy of Milan (Ducato di Milano; Ducaa de Milan) was a state in Northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city since 1277.
Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century.
See Italy and Early Middle Ages
Early modern human
Early modern human (EMH), or anatomically modern human (AMH), are terms used to distinguish Homo sapiens (the only extant Hominina species) that are anatomically consistent with the range of phenotypes seen in contemporary humans, from extinct archaic human species.
See Italy and Early modern human
Early modern period
The early modern period is a historical period that is part of the modern period based primarily on the history of Europe and the broader concept of modernity.
See Italy and Early modern period
East African campaign (World War II)
The East African campaign (also known as the Abyssinian campaign) was fought in East Africa during the Second World War by Allies of World War II, mainly from the British Empire, against Italy and its colony of Italian East Africa, between June 1940 and November 1941.
See Italy and East African campaign (World War II)
Eight per thousand
Eight per thousand (otto per mille) is an Italian law under which Italian taxpayers devolve a compulsory 8 ‰.
See Italy and Eight per thousand
El Greco
Doménikos Theotokópoulos (Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος,; 1 October 1541 7 April 1614), most widely known as El Greco ("The Greek"), was a Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance.
Electronic music
Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation.
See Italy and Electronic music
Elvenking (band)
Elvenking is a heavy metal band from Sacile, Italy.
See Italy and Elvenking (band)
Elymians
The Elymians (Elymī) were an ancient tribal people who inhabited the western part of Sicily during the Bronze Age and Classical antiquity.
Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna (both also;; Emégglia-Rumâgna or Emîlia-Rumâgna; Emélia-Rumâgna) is an administrative region of northern Italy, comprising the historical regions of Emilia and Romagna.
Emilio Salgari
Emilio Salgari (but often erroneously; 21 August 1862 – 25 April 1911) was an Italian writer of action adventure swashbucklers and a pioneer of science fiction.
Empiricism
In philosophy, empiricism is an epistemological view which holds that true knowledge or justification comes only or primarily from sensory experience and empirical evidence.
Emporium (antiquity)
An emporium refers to a trading post, factory, or market of classical antiquity, derived from the (empórion), which becomes emporium.
See Italy and Emporium (antiquity)
Enclave and exclave
An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity.
See Italy and Enclave and exclave
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
See Italy and Encyclopædia Britannica
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species only being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
English landscape garden
The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the English garden (Jardin à l'anglaise, Giardino all'inglese, Englischer Landschaftsgarten, Jardim inglês, Jardín inglés), is a style of "landscape" garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across Europe, replacing the more formal, symmetrical French formal garden which had emerged in the 17th century as the principal gardening style of Europe.
See Italy and English landscape garden
Eni
Eni S.p.A., acronym for and formerly legally known as Ente nazionale idrocarburi (National Hydrocarbons Board), is an Italian multinational energy company headquartered in Rome.
See Italy and Eni
Ennio Morricone
Ennio Morricone (10 November 19286 July 2020) was an Italian composer, orchestrator, conductor, trumpeter, and pianist who wrote music in a wide range of styles.
Epictetus
Epictetus (Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; 50 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher.
Epiphany (holiday)
Epiphany, or Eid al-Ghitas (عيد الغِطاس), also known as "Theophany" in Eastern Christian tradition, is a Christian feast day commemorating the visit of the Magi, the baptism of Jesus, and the wedding at Cana.
See Italy and Epiphany (holiday)
Eros Ramazzotti
Eros Walter Luciano Ramazzotti (born 28 October 1963) is an Italian pop singer and songwriter.
Ersatz good
An ersatz good is a substitute good, especially one that is considered inferior to the good it replaces.
Ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous.
See Italy and Ethnic cleansing
Etruscan civilization
The Etruscan civilization was an ancient civilization created by the Etruscans, a people who inhabited Etruria in ancient Italy, with a common language and culture who formed a federation of city-states.
See Italy and Etruscan civilization
Eugenio Montale
Eugenio Montale (12 October 1896 – 12 September 1981) was an Italian poet, prose writer, editor and translator, recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Literature and one of the finest literary figures of the 20th century.
Euphrates
The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
Euro
The euro (symbol: €; currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 20 of the member states of the European Union.
See Italy and Euro
Euro sign
The euro sign is the currency sign used for the euro, the official currency of the eurozone and adopted, although not required to, by Kosovo and Montenegro.
European Central Bank
The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central component of the Eurosystem and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) as well as one of seven institutions of the European Union.
See Italy and European Central Bank
European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML) is a European treaty (CETS 148) adopted in 1992 under the auspices of the Council of Europe to protect and promote historical regional and minority languages in Europe.
See Italy and European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
European Commission
The European Commission (EC) is the primary executive arm of the European Union (EU).
See Italy and European Commission
European Communities
The European Communities (EC) were three international organizations that were governed by the same set of institutions.
See Italy and European Communities
European Economic Community
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organisation created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty.
See Italy and European Economic Community
European single market
The European single market, also known as the European internal market or the European common market, is the single market comprising mainly the member states of the European Union (EU).
See Italy and European single market
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. Italy and European Union are G20 members.
Eurostat
Eurostat ('European Statistical Office'; DG ESTAT) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.
Eurovision Song Contest
The Eurovision Song Contest (Concours Eurovision de la chanson), often known simply as Eurovision, is an international song competition organised annually by the European Broadcasting Union.
See Italy and Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1964
The Eurovision Song Contest 1964 was the 9th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest.
See Italy and Eurovision Song Contest 1964
Eurovision Song Contest 1990
The Eurovision Song Contest 1990 was the 35th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 5 May 1990 in the Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall in Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
See Italy and Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Eurozone
The euro area, commonly called the eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.
Expedition of the Thousand
The Expedition of the Thousand (Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the unification of Italy that took place in 1860.
See Italy and Expedition of the Thousand
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
The fall of the Western Roman Empire, also called the fall of the Roman Empire or the fall of Rome, was the loss of central political control in the Western Roman Empire, a process in which the Empire failed to enforce its rule, and its vast territory was divided between several successor polities.
See Italy and Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Fascism
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.
Fauna
Fauna (faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time.
See Italy and Fauna
Federico da Montefeltro
Federico da Montefeltro, also known as Federico III da Montefeltro KG (7 June 1422 – 10 September 1482), was one of the most successful mercenary captains (condottieri) of the Italian Renaissance, and lord of Urbino from 1444 (as Duke from 1474) until his death.
See Italy and Federico da Montefeltro
Federico Fellini
Federico Fellini (20 January 1920 – 31 October 1993) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.
See Italy and Federico Fellini
Feldspar
Feldspar (sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium.
Ferrara
Ferrara (Fràra) is a city and comune (municipality) in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, capital of the province of Ferrara.
Ferrari
Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello.
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. ("Italian State Railways JSC"; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.
See Italy and Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
FIFA World Cup
The FIFA World Cup, often called the World Cup, is an international association football competition among the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body.
Filippo Brunelleschi
Filippo di ser Brunellesco di Lippo Lapi (1377 – 15 April 1446), commonly known as Filippo Brunelleschi and also nicknamed Pippo by Leon Battista Alberti, was an Italian architect, designer, goldsmith and sculptor.
See Italy and Filippo Brunelleschi
Filippo Lippi
Filippo Lippi (– 8 October 1469), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Quattrocento (fifteenth century) and a Carmelite priest.
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
Filippo Tommaso Emilio Marinetti (22 December 1876 – 2 December 1944) was an Italian poet, editor, art theorist, and founder of the Futurist movement.
See Italy and Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
Film genre
A film genre is a stylistic or thematic category for motion pictures based on similarities either in the narrative elements, aesthetic approach, or the emotional response to the film.
Financial Times
The Financial Times (FT) is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and also published digitally that focuses on business and economic current affairs.
FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts which included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie).
See Italy and FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
Flag of Italy
The national flag of Italy (bandiera d'Italia), often referred to in Italian as il Tricolore ("the Tricolour"), is a tricolour featuring three equally sized vertical panels of green, white and red, with the green at the hoist side, as defined by article 12 of the Constitution of the Italian Republic.
Florence
Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.
Florence Cathedral
Florence Cathedral (Duomo di Firenze), formally the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower (Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore), is the cathedral of Florence, Italy.
See Italy and Florence Cathedral
Football in Italy
Football (calcio) is the most popular sport in Italy.
See Italy and Football in Italy
Formula One
Formula One, commonly known as Formula 1 or F1, is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).
Founding of Rome
The founding of Rome was a prehistoric event or process later greatly embellished by Roman historians and poets.
See Italy and Founding of Rome
Francesco Hayez
Francesco Hayez (10 February 1791 – 12 February 1882) was an Italian painter.
Francia
The Kingdom of the Franks (Regnum Francorum), also known as the Frankish Kingdom, the Frankish Empire (Imperium Francorum) or Francia, was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe.
Francis of Assisi
Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone (1181 – 3 October 1226), known as Francis of Assisi, was an Italian mystic, poet, and Catholic friar who founded the religious order of the Franciscans.
See Italy and Francis of Assisi
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.
See Italy and Francisco Franco
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia.
See Italy and Franco-Prussian War
Francoist Spain
Francoist Spain (España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.
Frascati DOC
Frascati, an Italian white wine, takes its name from the town of Frascati, located 25 km southeast of Rome, in Lazio, Italy.
Frecce Tricolori
The Frecce Tricolori, officially known as the 313° Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico, Pattuglia Acrobatica Nazionale (PAN) Frecce Tricolori ("313th Acrobatic Training Group, National Aerobatic Team (PAN) Frecce Tricolori"), is the aerobatic demonstration team of the Italian Air Force.
See Italy and Frecce Tricolori
Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (Friedrich I; Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later in 1190.
See Italy and Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II (German: Friedrich; Italian: Federico; Latin: Fridericus; 26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225.
See Italy and Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.
See Italy and French Revolution
French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion were a series of civil wars between French Catholics and Protestants (called Huguenots) from 1562 to 1598.
See Italy and French Wars of Religion
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute.
See Italy and Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friulian language
Friulian or Friulan (natively or marilenghe; friulano; Furlanisch; furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family, spoken in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy.
See Italy and Friulian language
Futurism
Futurism (Futurismo) was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, and to a lesser extent in other countries, in the early 20th century.
G20
The G20 or Group of 20 is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 sovereign countries, the European Union (EU), and the African Union (AU).
See Italy and G20
G7
The Group of Seven (G7) is an intergovernmental political and economic forum consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States; additionally, the European Union (EU) is a "non-enumerated member".
See Italy and G7
Gabriele D'Annunzio
General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso (12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes written d'Annunzio as he used to sign himself, was an Italian poet, playwright, orator, journalist, aristocrat, and Royal Italian Army officer during World War I. He occupied a prominent place in Italian literature from 1889 to 1910 and in its political life from 1914 to 1924.
See Italy and Gabriele D'Annunzio
Garrigue
Garrigue or garigue, also known as phrygana (φρύγανα, n. pl.), is a type of low scrubland ecoregion and plant community in the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Gastronomy
Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating.
Gelato
Gelato is the common word in Italian for all types of ice cream.
See Italy and Gelato
Gendarmerie
A gendarmerie is a military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is a legal agreement between many countries, whose overall purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas.
See Italy and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union
Three European Union schemes of geographical indications and traditional specialties, known as protected designation of origin (PDO), protected geographical indication (PGI), and traditional speciality guaranteed (TSG), promote and protect names of agricultural products and foodstuffs, wines and spirits.
See Italy and Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union
German Empire
The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.
Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.
See Italy and Germanic peoples
Giacomo da Lentini
Giacomo da Lentini, also known as Jacopo da Lentini or with the appellative Il Notaro, was an Italian poet of the 13th century.
See Italy and Giacomo da Lentini
Giacomo Leopardi
Count Giacomo Taldegardo Francesco di Sales Saverio Pietro Leopardi (29 June 1798 – 14 June 1837) was an Italian philosopher, poet, essayist, and philologist.
See Italy and Giacomo Leopardi
Giacomo Puccini
Giacomo Puccini (22 December 1858 29 November 1924) was an Italian composer known primarily for his operas.
Giallo
In Italian cinema, giallo (gialli; from) is a genre of murder mystery fiction that often contains slasher, thriller, psychological horror, psychological thriller, sexploitation, and, less frequently, supernatural horror elements.
See Italy and Giallo
Giambattista Basile
Giambattista Basile (Giugliano in Campania, – February 1632) was an Italian poet, courtier, and fairy tale collector.
See Italy and Giambattista Basile
Giambattista Vico
Giambattista Vico (born Giovan Battista Vico;; 23 June 1668 – 23 January 1744) was an Italian philosopher, rhetorician, historian, and jurist during the Italian Enlightenment.
See Italy and Giambattista Vico
Gigliola Cinquetti
Gigliola Cinquetti (born Giliola Cinquetti on 20 December 1947) is an Italian singer, songwriter and television presenter.
See Italy and Gigliola Cinquetti
Gioachino Rossini
Gioachino Antonio Rossini (29 February 1792 – 13 November 1868) was an Italian composer who gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber music and piano pieces and some sacred music.
See Italy and Gioachino Rossini
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno (Iordanus Brunus Nolanus; born Filippo Bruno, January or February 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an Italian philosopher, poet, alchemist, astronomer, cosmological theorist, and esotericist.
Giorgia (singer)
Giorgia Todrani (born 26 April 1971), best known as simply Giorgia, is an Italian singer and songwriter.
See Italy and Giorgia (singer)
Giorgio de Chirico
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian artist and writer born in Greece.
See Italy and Giorgio de Chirico
Giorgio Moroder
Giovanni Giorgio Moroder (born 26 April 1940) is an Italian composer and music producer.
Giosuè Carducci
Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an Italian poet, writer, literary critic and teacher.
Giovanni Boccaccio
Giovanni Boccaccio (16 June 1313 – 21 December 1375) was an Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance humanist.
See Italy and Giovanni Boccaccio
Giovanni Francesco Straparola
Giovanni Francesco "Gianfrancesco" Straparola, also known as Zoan or Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio (ca. 1485–1558), was an Italian writer of poetry, and collector and writer of short stories.
See Italy and Giovanni Francesco Straparola
Giovanni Giolitti
Giovanni Giolitti (27 October 1842 – 17 July 1928) was an Italian statesman.
See Italy and Giovanni Giolitti
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Giovanni Pico dei conti della Mirandola e della Concordia (24 February 1463 – 17 November 1494), known as Pico della Mirandola, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and philosopher.
See Italy and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (between 3 February 1525 and 2 February 1526 – 2 February 1594) was an Italian composer of late Renaissance music.
See Italy and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Giro d'Italia
The Giro d'Italia (Tour of Italy; also known as the Giro) is an annual multiple-stage bicycle race primarily held in Italy, while also starting in, or passing through, other countries.
Giuseppe Mazzini
Giuseppe Mazzini (22 June 1805 – 10 March 1872) was an Italian politician, journalist, and activist for the unification of Italy (Risorgimento) and spearhead of the Italian revolutionary movement.
See Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini
Giuseppe Peano
Giuseppe Peano (27 August 1858 – 20 April 1932) was an Italian mathematician and glottologist.
Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for his operas.
Glacier
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight.
Goblin (band)
Goblin (also Back to the Goblin, New Goblin, Goblin Rebirth, the Goblin Keys, the Goblins and Claudio Simonetti's Goblin) is an Italian progressive rock band known for their film scores.
Gold reserve
A gold reserve is the gold held by a national central bank, intended mainly as a guarantee to redeem promises to pay depositors, note holders (e.g. paper money), or trading peers, during the eras of the gold standard, and also as a store of value, or to support the value of the national currency.
Golden age (metaphor)
A golden age is a period considered the peak in the history of a country or people, a time period when the greatest achievements were made.
See Italy and Golden age (metaphor)
Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival.
Government debt
A country's gross government debt (also called public debt or sovereign debt) is the financial liabilities of the government sector.
Gran Sasso raid
During World War II, the Gran Sasso raid (codenamed Unternehmen Eiche,, literally "Operation Oak", by the German military) on 12 September 1943 was a successful operation by German paratroopers and Waffen-SS commandos to rescue the deposed Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini from custody in the Gran Sasso d'Italia massif.
Grand Prix motor racing
Grand Prix motor racing, a form of motorsport competition, has its roots in organised automobile racing that began in France as early as 1894.
See Italy and Grand Prix motor racing
Grand Tour
The Grand Tour was the principally 17th- to early 19th-century custom of a traditional trip through Europe, with Italy as a key destination, undertaken by upper-class young European men of sufficient means and rank (typically accompanied by a tutor or family member) when they had come of age (about 21 years old).
Grand Tour (cycling)
In road bicycle racing, a Grand Tour is one of the three major European professional cycling stage races: Giro d'Italia, Tour de France, and Vuelta a España.
See Italy and Grand Tour (cycling)
Grazia Deledda
Grazia Maria Cosima Damiana Deledda (Sardinian: Gràssia or Gràtzia Deledda; 27 September 1871 – 15 August 1936) was an Italian writer who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1926 "for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general".
Great Turkish War
The Great Turkish War (Großer Türkenkrieg), also called the Wars of the Holy League (Kutsal İttifak Savaşları), was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League consisting of the Holy Roman Empire, Poland-Lithuania, Venice, Russia, and the Kingdom of Hungary.
See Italy and Great Turkish War
Gucci
Guccio Gucci S.p.A., doing business as Gucci, is an Italian luxury fashion house based in Florence, Italy.
See Italy and Gucci
Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (guelfi e ghibellini) were factions supporting respectively the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages.
See Italy and Guelphs and Ghibellines
Guido Guinizelli
Guido Guinizelli (ca. 1225–1276) was an esteemed Italian love poet and is considered the "father" of the Dolce Stil Novo.
See Italy and Guido Guinizelli
Gulf of Salerno
The Gulf of Salerno (Italian: Golfo di Salerno) is a gulf of the Tyrrhenian Sea in the coast of the province of Salerno in south-western Italy.
Gulf of Taranto
The Gulf of Taranto (Golfo di Taranto; Tarantino: Gurfe de Tarde; Sinus Tarentinus) is a gulf of the Ionian Sea, in Southern Italy.
Habitats Directive
The Habitats Directive (more formally known as Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora) is a directive adopted by the European Community in 1992 as a response to the Berne Convention.
See Italy and Habitats Directive
High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance.
See Italy and High Renaissance
History of gardening
The early history of gardening is largely entangled with the history of agriculture, with gardens that were mainly ornamental generally the preserve of the elite until quite recent times.
See Italy and History of gardening
History of Italy
The European country of Italy has been inhabited by humans since at least 850,000 years ago.
See Italy and History of Italy
Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.
See Italy and Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.
See Italy and Holy Roman Empire
Holy See
The Holy See (url-status,; Santa Sede), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome.
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (8 December 65 BC – 27 November 8 BC),Suetonius,. commonly known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his Odes as the only Latin lyrics worth reading: "He can be lofty sometimes, yet he is also full of charm and grace, versatile in his figures, and felicitously daring in his choice of words."Quintilian 10.1.96.
See Italy and Horace
House of Medici
The House of Medici was an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first consolidated power in the Republic of Florence under Cosimo de' Medici during the first half of the 15th century.
House of Savoy
The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia) is an Italian royal house (formally a dynasty) that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region.
Household debt
Household debt is the combined debt of all people in a household, including consumer debt and mortgage loans.
Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential, and agency of human beings, whom it considers the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry.
Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) and snowy winters.
See Italy and Humid continental climate
Idealism
Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical idealism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, spirit, or consciousness; that reality is entirely a mental construct; or that ideas are the highest type of reality or have the greatest claim to being considered "real".
Il Canto degli Italiani
"Il Canto degli Italiani" is a patriotic song written by Goffredo Mameli and set to music by Michele Novaro in 1847, currently used as the national anthem of Italy.
See Italy and Il Canto degli Italiani
Il Postino: The Postman
Il Postino: The Postman ('The Postman'; the title used for the original US release) is a 1994 comedy-drama film co-written by and starring Massimo Troisi and directed by English filmmaker Michael Radford.
See Italy and Il Postino: The Postman
Implementation Force
The Implementation Force (IFOR) was a NATO-led multinational peace enforcement force in Bosnia and Herzegovina under a one-year mandate from 20 December 1995 to 20 December 1996 under the codename Operation Joint Endeavour.
See Italy and Implementation Force
Impressionism
Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, unusual visual angles, and inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience.
Improvisational theatre
Improvisational theatre, often called improvisation or improv, is the form of theatre, often comedy, in which most or all of what is performed is unplanned or unscripted, created spontaneously by the performers.
See Italy and Improvisational theatre
Indro Montanelli
Indro Alessandro Raffaello Schizogene Montanelli (22 April 1909 – 22 July 2001) was an Italian journalist, historian, and writer.
See Italy and Indro Montanelli
Infantry fighting vehicle
An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), also known as a mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV), is a type of armoured fighting vehicle used to carry infantry into battle and provide direct-fire support.
See Italy and Infantry fighting vehicle
Inner Carniola
Inner Carniola (Notranjska; Innerkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the southwestern part of the larger Carniola region.
Intangible cultural heritage
An intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is a practice, representation, expression, knowledge, or skill considered by UNESCO to be part of a place's cultural heritage.
See Italy and Intangible cultural heritage
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) was established as a project of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in 1983.
See Italy and International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is a research center for physical and mathematical sciences, located in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.
See Italy and International Centre for Theoretical Physics
International Hydrographic Organization
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) (French: Organisation hydrographique internationale) is an intergovernmental organisation representing hydrography.
See Italy and International Hydrographic Organization
International Institute for Strategic Studies
The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is an international research institute or think tank focusing on defence and security issues.
See Italy and International Institute for Strategic Studies
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
See Italy and International Monetary Fund
International Obesity Task Force
The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) is an organization designed to combat obesity around the world.
See Italy and International Obesity Task Force
International trade
International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories because there is a need or want of goods or services.
See Italy and International trade
Interventionism (politics)
Interventionism, in international politics, is the interference of a state or group of states into the domestic affairs of another state for the purposes of coercing that state to do something or refrain from doing something.
See Italy and Interventionism (politics)
Investiture Controversy
The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest (Investiturstreit) was a conflict between the Church and the state in medieval Europe over the ability to choose and install bishops (investiture) and abbots of monasteries and the pope himself.
See Italy and Investiture Controversy
Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea (Iónio Pélagos,; Mar Ionio or Mar Jonio,; Deti Jon) is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea.
Ionians
The Ionians (Ἴωνες, Íōnes, singular Ἴων, Íōn) were one of the four major tribes that the Greeks considered themselves to be divided into during the ancient period; the other three being the Dorians, Aeolians, and Achaeans.
Ischia
Ischia is a volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
See Italy and Ischia
Islam in Italy
Islam is a minority religion in Italy.
Istria
Istria (Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria) is the largest peninsula to border the Adriatic Sea.
See Italy and Istria
Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
The Istrian–Dalmatian exodus was the post-World War II exodus and departure of local ethnic Italians (Istrian Italians and Dalmatian Italians) as well as ethnic Slovenes and Croats from Yugoslavia.
See Italy and Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
Italian Air Force
The Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare; AM) is the air force of the Italian Republic.
See Italy and Italian Air Force
Italian Army
The Italian Army is the land force branch of the Italian Armed Forces.
Italian art
Since ancient times, Greeks, Etruscans and Celts have inhabited the south, centre and north of the Italian peninsula respectively.
Italian campaign (World War II)
The Italian campaign of World War II, also called the Liberation of Italy following the German occupation in September 1943, consisted of Allied and Axis operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to 1945.
See Italy and Italian campaign (World War II)
Italian city-states
The Italian city-states were numerous political and independent territorial entities that existed in the Italian Peninsula from antiquity to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy in the late 19th century.
See Italy and Italian city-states
Italian cuisine
Italian cuisine is a Mediterranean cuisineDavid 1988, Introduction, pp.101–103 consisting of the ingredients, recipes, and cooking techniques developed in Italy since Roman times and later spread around the world together with waves of Italian diaspora.
Italian diaspora
The Italian diaspora (emigrazione italiana) is the large-scale emigration of Italians from Italy.
See Italy and Italian diaspora
Italian East Africa
Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) was an Italian colony in the Horn of Africa.
See Italy and Italian East Africa
Italian fascism
Italian fascism (fascismo italiano), also classical fascism and Fascism, is the original fascist ideology, which Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini developed in Italy.
Italian folk music
Italian folk music has a deep and complex history.
See Italy and Italian folk music
Italian futurism in cinema
Italian futurist cinema (Cinema futurista) was the oldest movement of European avant-garde cinema.
See Italy and Italian futurism in cinema
Italian Grand Prix
The Italian Grand Prix (Gran Premio d'Italia) is the fifth oldest national motor racing Grand Prix (after the French Grand Prix, the United States Grand Prix, the Spanish Grand Prix and the Russian Grand Prix), having been held since 1921.
See Italy and Italian Grand Prix
Italian hip hop
Italian hip hop is hip hop music rapped in the Italian language and/or made by Italian artists.
Italian language
Italian (italiano,, or lingua italiana) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire.
See Italy and Italian language
Italian lira
The lira (lire) was the currency of Italy between 1861 and 2002.
Italian literature
Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy.
See Italy and Italian literature
Italian National Institute of Statistics
The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the primary source of official statistics in Italy.
See Italy and Italian National Institute of Statistics
Italian nationality law
Italian nationality law is the law of Italy governing the acquisition, transmission and loss of Italian citizenship.
See Italy and Italian nationality law
Italian Navy
The Italian Navy (Military Navy; abbreviated as MM) is one of the four branches of Italian Armed Forces and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the Regia Marina (Royal Navy) after World War II.
Italian neorealism
Italian neorealism (Neorealismo), also known as the Golden Age of Italian Cinema, was a national film movement characterized by stories set amongst the poor and the working class.
See Italy and Italian neorealism
Italian Open (tennis)
The Italian Open (Internazionali d'Italia) is an annual professional tennis tournament held in Rome, Italy.
See Italy and Italian Open (tennis)
Italian opera
Italian opera is both the art of opera in Italy and opera in the Italian language.
Italian Parliament
The Italian Parliament (Parlamento italiano) is the national parliament of the Italian Republic.
See Italy and Italian Parliament
Italian participation on the Eastern Front
The Italian participation on the Eastern Front represented the military intervention of the Kingdom of Italy in the Operation Barbarossa, launched by Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union in 1941.
See Italy and Italian participation on the Eastern Front
Italian Peninsula
The Italian Peninsula (Italian: penisola italica or penisola italiana), also known as the Italic Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula or Italian Boot, is a peninsula extending from the southern Alps in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south, which comprises much of the country of Italy and the enclaved microstates of San Marino and Vatican City.
See Italy and Italian Peninsula
Italian Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance (Rinascimento) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries.
See Italy and Italian Renaissance
Italian resistance movement
The Italian Resistance (Resistenza italiana,, or simply La Resistenza) consisted of all the Italian resistance groups who fought the occupying forces of Nazi Germany and the fascist collaborationists of the Italian Social Republic during the Second World War in Italy from 1943 to 1945.
See Italy and Italian resistance movement
Italian Social Republic
The Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana,; RSI), known prior to December 1943 as the National Republican State of Italy (Stato Nazionale Repubblicano d'Italia; SNRI), but more popularly known as the Republic of Salò (Repubblica di Salò), was a German Fascist puppet state with limited diplomatic recognition that was created during the latter part of World War II.
See Italy and Italian Social Republic
Italian Socialist Party
The Italian Socialist Party (PSI) was a social-democratic and democratic-socialist political party in Italy, whose history stretched for longer than a century, making it one of the longest-living parties of the country.
See Italy and Italian Socialist Party
Italian Somaliland
Italian Somaliland (Somalia Italiana; Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; Dhulka Soomaalida ee Talyaaniga) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and Majeerteen in the north, and in the south by the political entities; Hiraab Imamate and the Geledi Sultanate.
See Italy and Italian Somaliland
Italian war crimes
Italian war crimes have mainly been associated with the Kingdom of Italy from the Italo-Turkish War then to Pacification of Libya, the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, the Spanish Civil War, and World War II.
See Italy and Italian war crimes
Italian Wars
The Italian Wars were a series of conflicts fought between 1494 and 1559, mostly in the Italian Peninsula, but later expanding into Flanders, the Rhineland and Mediterranean Sea.
Italian wine
Italian wine (vino italiano) is produced in every region of Italy.
Italian wolf
The Italian wolf (Canis lupus italicus or Canis lupus lupus), also known as the Apennine wolf, is a subspecies of the grey wolf native to the Italian Peninsula.
Italians
Italians (italiani) are an ethnic group native to the Italian geographical region.
Italic peoples
The concept of Italic peoples is widely used in linguistics and historiography of ancient Italy.
Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (also,;. RAI (circa 1970), retrieved 25 October 2012. 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian writer and journalist.
Italo-Normans
The Italo-Normans (Italo-Normanni), or Siculo-Normans (Siculo-Normanni) when referring to Sicily and Southern Italy, are the Italian-born descendants of the first Norman conquerors to travel to Southern Italy in the first half of the eleventh century.
Italus
Italus or Italos (from) was a legendary king of the Oenotrians, ancient people of Italic origin who inhabited the region now called Calabria, in southern Italy.
See Italy and Italus
Italy at the Olympics
Italy has sent athletes to most of the modern Olympic Games held since 1896, outside of not having officially participated (as a national delegation) in the 1904 Summer Olympics.
See Italy and Italy at the Olympics
Italy men's national basketball team
The Italy men's national basketball team (Nazionale di pallacanestro dell'Italia) represents Italy in international basketball tournaments.
See Italy and Italy men's national basketball team
Italy national football team
The Italy national football team (Nazionale di calcio dell'Italia) has represented Italy in men's international football since its first match in 1910.
See Italy and Italy national football team
Italy national rugby union team
The Italy national rugby union team (nazionale di rugby a 15 dell'Italia) represents the Italian Rugby Federation in men's international rugby union.
See Italy and Italy national rugby union team
Jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues, ragtime, European harmony and African rhythmic rituals.
See Italy and Jazz
Jewish cuisine
Jewish cuisine refers to the worldwide cooking traditions of the Jewish people.
Joachim Murat
Joachim Murat (also,; Gioacchino Murat; 25 March 1767 – 13 October 1815) was a French military commander and statesman who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars.
Jovanotti
Lorenzo Cherubini (born 27 September 1966), better known as Jovanotti, is an Italian singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer and DJ.
Juggling
Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.
Julian March
The Julian March (Croatian and Julijska krajina), also called Julian Venetia (Venezia Giulia; Venesia Julia; Vignesie Julie; Julisch Venetien), is an area of southern Central Europe which is currently divided among Croatia, Italy, and Slovenia.
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.
See Italy and Köppen climate classification
King of Italy
King of Italy (Re d'Italia; Rex Italiae) was the title given to the ruler of the Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
The Kingdom of Italy (Regnum Italiae or Regnum Italicum; Regno d'Italia; Königreich Italien), also called Imperial Italy (Italia Imperiale, Reichsitalien), was one of the constituent kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire, along with the kingdoms of Germany, Bohemia, and Burgundy.
See Italy and Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia; Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) that was a client state of Napoleon's French Empire.
See Italy and Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples (Regnum Neapolitanum; Regno di Napoli; Regno 'e Napule), was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816.
See Italy and Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae; Regno di Sicilia; Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in Sicily and the south of the Italian Peninsula plus, for a time, in Northern Africa from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816.
See Italy and Kingdom of Sicily
Kosovo Force
The Kosovo Force (KFOR) is a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo.
Kvarner Gulf
The Kvarner Gulf, sometimes also Kvarner Bay, is a bay in the northern Adriatic Sea, located between the Istrian peninsula and the northern Croatian Littoral mainland.
La dolce vita
La dolce vita (Italian for 'the sweet life' or 'the good life'Kezich, 203) is a 1960 satirical comedy-drama film directed by Federico Fellini.
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the largest underground research center in the world.
See Italy and Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Lacuna Coil
Lacuna Coil is an Italian gothic metal band from Milan.
Ladin language
Ladin (autonym: ladin; ladino; Ladinisch) is a Romance language of the Rhaeto-Romance subgroup, mainly spoken in the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy in the provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, and Belluno, by the Ladin people.
Lake Como
Lake Como (Lago di Como), also known as Lario, is a lake of glacial origin in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of, making it the third-largest lake in Italy, after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore. At over deep, it is the fifth-deepest lake in Europe and the deepest outside Norway; the bottom of the lake is below sea level.
Lake Garda
Lake Garda (Lago di Garda,, or (Lago) Benaco,; Lach de Garda; Ƚago de Garda) is the largest lake in Italy.
Lake Maggiore
Lake Maggiore (Lago Maggiore; Lagh Maggior; Lagh Magior; literally 'greater lake') or Verbano (Lacus Verbanus) is a large lake located on the south side of the Alps.
Lamborghini
Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of luxury sports cars and SUVs based in Sant'Agata Bolognese.
Lancia
Lancia is an Italian car manufacturer and a subsidiary of Stellantis Europe, which is currently a Stellantis division.
See Italy and Lancia
Languages of Italy
The languages of Italy include Italian, which serves as the country's national language, in its standard and regional forms, as well as numerous local and regional languages, most of which, like Italian, belong to the broader Romance group.
See Italy and Languages of Italy
Lateran Treaty
The Lateran Treaty (Patti Lateranensi; Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel III (with his Prime Minister Benito Mussolini) and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle the long-standing Roman question.
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
See Italy and Latin
Latin Union
The Latin Union is an international organization of nations that use Romance languages, whose activities have been suspended since 2012.
Laura Pausini
Laura Pausini (born 16 May 1974) is an Italian singer and songwriter.
Law enforcement in Italy
Law enforcement in Italy is centralized on a national level, carried out by multiple national forces, helped by few limited local agencies.
See Italy and Law enforcement in Italy
Lazio
Lazio or Latium (from the original Latin name) is one of the 20 administrative regions of Italy.
See Italy and Lazio
Lazzi
Lazzi (from the Italian lazzo, a joke or witticism) are stock comedic routines that are associated with commedia dell'arte.
See Italy and Lazzi
Le Orme
Le Orme (Italian: "The Footprints") is an Italian progressive rock band formed in 1966 in Marghera, a frazione of Venice.
League of Nations
The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.
See Italy and League of Nations
Lega Basket Serie A
The Lega Basket Serie A (LBA) is a professional men's club basketball league that has been organised in Italy since 1920.
See Italy and Lega Basket Serie A
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519) was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect.
See Italy and Leonardo da Vinci
Leopard 1
The Kampfpanzer Leopard (styled as Kampfpanzer Leopard 1 or Leopard I after the introduction of the Leopard 2) is a main battle tank designed by Porsche and manufactured by Krauss-Maffei in West Germany, first entering service in 1965.
Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli
Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali "Guido Carli" (English: Free International University of Social Studies "Guido Carli"), known by the acronym "LUISS" or "LUISS Guido Carli", is a private university located in Rome, Italy, founded in 1974 by a group of entrepreneurs led by Umberto Agnelli.
See Italy and Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli
Life expectancy
Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age.
Life Is Beautiful
Life Is Beautiful (La vita è bella) is a 1997 Italian comedy-drama film directed by and starring Roberto Benigni, who co-wrote the film with Vincenzo Cerami.
See Italy and Life Is Beautiful
Liguria
Liguria (Ligûria) is a region of north-western Italy; its capital is Genoa.
Ligurian Sea
The Ligurian Sea (Mar Ligure; Mer Ligurienne; Mâ Ligure; Mari Liguru) is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea.
List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
This is a list of sovereign states and territories by carbon dioxide emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the created by European Commission and Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
See Italy and List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
List of countries by GDP (nominal)
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.
See Italy and List of countries by GDP (nominal)
List of countries by GDP (PPP)
GDP (PPP) means gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity.
See Italy and List of countries by GDP (PPP)
List of countries by Human Development Index
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) compiles the Human Development Index (HDI) of 193 nations in the annual Human Development Report.
See Italy and List of countries by Human Development Index
List of countries by life expectancy
This list of countries by life expectancy provides a comprehensive list of countries alongside their respective life expectancy figures.
See Italy and List of countries by life expectancy
List of historical states of Italy
Italy, up until the Unification of Italy in 1861, was a conglomeration of city-states, republics, and other independent entities.
See Italy and List of historical states of Italy
List of islands of Italy
This is a list of islands of Italy.
See Italy and List of islands of Italy
List of Italian explorers
This is list of Italian explorers and navigators (esploratori) in alphabetical order.
See Italy and List of Italian explorers
List of Italian film directors
The following is a list of film directors from Italy.
See Italy and List of Italian film directors
List of Italian PDO cheeses
This List of Italian PDO/DOP cheeses includes all the Italian cheeses which have protected designation of origin (denominazione di origine protetta, or DOP/PDO), status under European Union regulations.
See Italy and List of Italian PDO cheeses
List of members of the United Nations Security Council
Membership of the United Nations Security Council is held by the five permanent members and ten elected, non-permanent members.
See Italy and List of members of the United Nations Security Council
List of oldest universities in continuous operation
This is a list of the oldest existing universities in continuous operation in the world.
See Italy and List of oldest universities in continuous operation
List of universities in Italy
This is the list of universities in Italy, sorted in ascending order by the name of the city where they are situated.
See Italy and List of universities in Italy
List of wine-producing regions
Wines are produced in significant growing regions where vineyards are planted.
See Italy and List of wine-producing regions
Little Red Riding Hood
Little Red Riding Hood is a European fairy tale about a young girl and a sly wolf.
See Italy and Little Red Riding Hood
Livy
Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.
See Italy and Livy
Lombard League
The Lombard League (Liga Lombarda in Lombard, Lega Lombarda in Italian) was a medieval alliance formed in 1167, supported by the popes, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman emperors to assert influence over the Kingdom of Italy as a part of the Holy Roman Empire.
Lombards
The Lombards or Longobards (Longobardi) were a Germanic people who conquered most of the Italian Peninsula between 568 and 774.
Lombardy
Lombardy (Lombardia; Lombardia) is an administrative region of Italy that covers; it is located in northern Italy and has a population of about 10 million people, constituting more than one-sixth of Italy's population.
London School of Economics
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) is a public research university in London, England, and amember institution of the University of London.
See Italy and London School of Economics
Lorenzo de' Medici
Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici, known as Lorenzo the Magnificent (Lorenzo il Magnifico; 1 January 1449 – 8 April 1492), was an Italian statesman, the de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic, and the most powerful patron of Renaissance culture in Italy.
See Italy and Lorenzo de' Medici
Lower Paleolithic
The Lower Paleolithic (or Lower Palaeolithic) is the earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age.
See Italy and Lower Paleolithic
Lucania
Lucania was a historical region of Southern Italy, corresponding to the modern-day region of Basilicata.
Luchino Visconti
Luchino Visconti di Modrone, Count of Lonate Pozzolo (2 November 1906 – 17 March 1976) was an Italian filmmaker, theatre and opera director, and screenwriter.
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Luciano Floridi
Luciano Floridi (born 16 November 1964) is an Italian and British philosopher.
Luciano Pavarotti
Luciano Pavarotti (12 October 19356 September 2007) was an Italian operatic tenor who during the late part of his career crossed over into popular music, eventually becoming one of the most acclaimed tenors of all time.
See Italy and Luciano Pavarotti
Lucio Fontana
Lucio Fontana (19 February 1899 – 7 September 1968) was an Argentine-Italian painter, sculptor and theorist.
Lucretius
Titus Lucretius Carus (–) was a Roman poet and philosopher.
Luigi Pirandello
Luigi Pirandello (28 June 1867 – 10 December 1936) was an Italian dramatist, novelist, poet, and short story writer whose greatest contributions were his plays.
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Luigi Vanvitelli
Luigi Vanvitelli (12 May 1700 – 1 March 1773), known in Dutch as italics, was an Italian architect and painter.
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M113 armored personnel carrier
The M113 is a fully tracked armored personnel carrier (APC) that was developed and produced by the FMC Corporation.
See Italy and M113 armored personnel carrier
Macchiaioli
The Macchiaioli were a group of Italian painters active in Tuscany in the second half of the nineteenth century.
Magna Graecia
Magna Graecia is a term that was used for the Greek-speaking areas of Southern Italy, in the present-day Italian regions of Calabria, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania and Sicily; these regions were extensively populated by Greek settlers starting from the 8th century BC.
Malta
Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea. Italy and Malta are countries in Europe, member states of the European Union, member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, member states of the United Nations and republics.
See Italy and Malta
Mani pulite
Mani pulite was a nationwide judicial investigation into political corruption in Italy held in the early 1990s, resulting in the demise of the First Italian Republic and the disappearance of many political parties.
Manifesto of Futurism
The Manifesto of Futurism (Italian: Manifesto del Futurismo) is a manifesto written by the Italian poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and published in 1909.
See Italy and Manifesto of Futurism
Mannerism
Mannerism is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, spreading by about 1530 and lasting until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style largely replaced it.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation.
Maquis shrubland
Low maquis in Corsica High ''macchia'' in Sardinia i or i (often macchia mediterranea in Italian; machja,; makija) is a shrubland biome in the Mediterranean region, typically consisting of densely growing evergreen shrubs.
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March on Rome
The March on Rome (Marcia su Roma) was an organized mass demonstration in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy.
Marche
Marche, in English sometimes referred to as the Marches, is one of the twenty regions of Italy.
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Marco Polo
Marco Polo (8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (English:; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher.
Maria Montessori
Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori (31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952) was an Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education and her writing on scientific pedagogy.
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Mario Draghi
Mario Draghi (born 3 September 1947) is an Italian economist, academic, banker, statesman and civil servant who served as the prime minister of Italy from February 2021 to October 2022.
Mario Monti
Mario Monti (born 19 March 1943) is an Italian economist and academic who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from 2011 to 2013, leading a technocratic government in the wake of the Italian debt crisis.
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.
Marsilio Ficino
Marsilio T. Ficino (Latin name: Marsilius Ficinus; 19 October 1433 – 1 October 1499) was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance.
Masaccio
Masaccio (December 21, 1401 – summer 1428), born Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone, was a Florentine artist who is regarded as the first great Italian painter of the Quattrocento period of the Italian Renaissance.
Mascarpone
Mascarpone is a soft Italian acid-set cream cheese.
Maserati
Maserati S.p.A. is an Italian luxury vehicle manufacturer.
Matteo Salvini
Matteo Salvini (born 9 March 1973) is an Italian politician who has been serving as Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Minister of Infrastructure and Transport since 2022.
Matterhorn
The italics (Cervino; Cervin; Mont(e) Cervin(u))There are several different Romansh dialects, each with its own slight variation on the name for the Matterhorn.
Maurizio Pollini
Maurizio Pollini (5 January 1942 – 23 March 2024) was an Italian pianist and conductor.
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Medieval Latin
Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
Mediterranean diet
The Mediterranean diet is a diet inspired by the eating habits and traditional food typical of southern Spain, southern Italy, and Crete, and formulated in the early 1960s.
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Italy and Mediterranean Sea
Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Mesopotamia was the name of a Roman province, initially a short-lived creation of the Roman emperor Trajan in 116–117 and then re-established by Emperor Septimius Severus in c. 198.
See Italy and Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Metropole
A metropole is the homeland, central territory or the state exercising power over a colonial empire.
Michelangelo
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564), known mononymously as Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance.
Michelangelo Antonioni
Michelangelo Antonioni (29 September 1912 – 30 July 2007) was an Italian director and filmmaker.
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Milan
Milan (Milano) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, and the second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome.
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Milan Cathedral
Milan Cathedral (Duomo di Milano; Domm de Milan), or Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica of the Nativity of Saint Mary (Basilica cattedrale metropolitana di Santa Maria Nascente), is the cathedral church of Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
Military police
Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state.
Mina (Italian singer)
Mina Anna Maria Mazzini (born 25 March 1940) or Mina Anna Quaini (for the Swiss civil registry), known mononymously as Mina, is an Italian singer and actress.
See Italy and Mina (Italian singer)
Mixed economy
A mixed economy is an economic system that accepts both private businesses and nationalized government services, like public utilities, safety, military, welfare, and education.
Modern philosophy
Modern philosophy is philosophy developed in the modern era and associated with modernity.
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Molise
Molise (Mulise) is a region of Southern Italy.
See Italy and Molise
Mont Blanc
Mont Blanc (BrE:; AmE:; Mont Blanc; Monte Bianco, both meaning "white mountain") is the highest mountain in the Alps and Western Europe, and the highest mountain in Europe outside the Caucasus mountains, rising above sea level, located on the Franco-Italian border.
Monte Poggiolo
Monte Poggiolo is a hill near Forlì, Italy in the Emilia-Romagna area.
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo is an Italian red wine made from the Montepulciano wine grape in the Abruzzo region of east-central Italy.
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Montessori education
The Montessori method of education is a type of educational method that involves children's natural interests and activities rather than formal teaching methods.
See Italy and Montessori education
Monza Circuit
The Monza Circuit (Italian: Autodromo Nazionale Monza) is a race track near the city of Monza, north of Milan, in Italy.
Morellino di Scansano
Morellino di Scansano DOCG is an Italian red wine made in the hilly environs of the village of Scansano, GR, in the Maremma region of coastal Tuscany, which has an ancient but obscure tradition of winemaking.
See Italy and Morellino di Scansano
Moses (Michelangelo)
Moses (Mosè) is a sculpture by the Italian High Renaissance artist Michelangelo, housed in the church of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome.
See Italy and Moses (Michelangelo)
Mount Etna
Mount Etna, or simply Etna (Etna or Mongibello; Muncibbeḍḍu or 'a Muntagna; Aetna; Αἴτνα and Αἴτνη), is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Catania, between the cities of Messina and Catania.
Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius is a somma–stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
Mundys
Mundys SpA (formerly Atlantia SpA) is an Italian holding company active in the motorway and airport infrastructure and mobility-related services industry, operating tolling services in 24 countries, including 11 for motorway and airport infrastructure concessions (France, Italy, Poland, United Kingdom and Spain in Europe and worldwide in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, India and Puerto Rico).
See Italy and Mundys
Music of Italy
In Italy, music has traditionally been one of the cultural markers of Italian national cultures and ethnic identity and holds an important position in society and in politics.
Muslim Sicily
The island of SicilyIn Arabic, the island was known as.
Mycenaean Greece
Mycenaean Greece (or the Mycenaean civilization) was the last phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece, spanning the period from approximately 1750 to 1050 BC.
See Italy and Mycenaean Greece
Naming of the Americas
The naming of the Americas, or America, occurred shortly after Christopher Columbus's first voyage to the Americas in 1492.
See Italy and Naming of the Americas
Naples
Naples (Napoli; Napule) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's administrative limits as of 2022.
See Italy and Naples
Napoleonic Code
The Napoleonic Code, officially the Civil Code of the French (simply referred to as Code civil), is the French civil code established during the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force in France, although heavily and frequently amended since its inception.
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of conflicts fought between the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte (1804–1815) and a fluctuating array of European coalitions.
Nationalencyklopedin
("The National Encyclopedia" in English), abbreviated NE, is a comprehensive contemporary Swedish-language encyclopedia with several hundred thousand articles.
See Italy and Nationalencyklopedin
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.
See Italy and NATO
Natural theology
Natural theology, once also termed physico-theology, is a type of theology that seeks to provide arguments for theological topics (such as the existence of a deity) based on reason and the discoveries of science, the project of arguing for the existence of God on the basis of observed natural facts, and through natural phenomena viewed as divine, or complexities of nature seen as evidence of a divine plan (see predestination) or Will of God, which includes nature itself.
See Italy and Natural theology
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.
Nek
Filippo Neviani (born 6 January 1972), known by his stage name Nek, is an Italian singer-songwriter and musician.
See Italy and Nek
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture, sometimes referred to as Classical Revival architecture, is an architectural style produced by the Neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century in Italy, France and Germany.
See Italy and Neoclassical architecture
New World
The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Niccolò Machiavelli
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was a Florentine diplomat, author, philosopher, and historian who lived during the Italian Renaissance.
See Italy and Niccolò Machiavelli
Niccolò Paganini
Niccolò (or Nicolò) Paganini (27 October 178227 May 1840) was an Italian violinist and composer.
See Italy and Niccolò Paganini
Nice
Nice (Niçard: Niça, classical norm, or Nissa, Mistralian norm,; Nizza; Nissa; Νίκαια; Nicaea) is a city in and the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France.
See Italy and Nice
Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Norse people) were a North Germanic linguistic group of the Early Middle Ages, during which they spoke the Old Norse language.
North African campaign
The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers.
See Italy and North African campaign
Nostromo
Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard is a 1904 novel by Joseph Conrad, set in the fictitious South American republic of "Costaguana".
Nuclear sharing
Nuclear sharing is a concept in NATO's policy of nuclear deterrence, which allows member countries without nuclear weapons of their own to participate in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO.
Observational astronomy
Observational astronomy is a division of astronomy that is concerned with recording data about the observable universe, in contrast with theoretical astronomy, which is mainly concerned with calculating the measurable implications of physical models.
See Italy and Observational astronomy
Occitan language
Occitan (occitan), also known as (langue d'oc) by its native speakers, sometimes also referred to as Provençal, is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran in Catalonia; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania.
See Italy and Occitan language
Oceanic climate
An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification represented as Cfb, typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool to warm summers and cool to mild winters (for their latitude), with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature.
Odoacer
Odoacer (– 15 March 493 AD), also spelled Odovacer or Odovacar, was a barbarian soldier and statesman from the Middle Danube who deposed the Western Roman child emperor Romulus Augustulus and became the ruler of Italy (476–493).
Oenotrians
The Oenotrians or Enotrians (tribe led by Oenotrus' or 'people from the land of vines) were an ancient Italic people who inhabited a territory in Southern Italy from Paestum to southern Calabria.
Olive
The olive, botanical name Olea europaea, meaning 'European olive', is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin.
See Italy and Olive
Olive oil
Olive oil is a liquid fat obtained by pressing whole olives, the fruit of Olea europaea, a traditional tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin, and extracting the oil.
Once Upon a Time in the West
Once Upon a Time in the West ("Once upon a time (there was) the West") is a 1968 epic spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Leone, who co-wrote it with Sergio Donati based on a story by Dario Argento, Bernardo Bertolucci and Leone.
See Italy and Once Upon a Time in the West
Ontologism
Ontologism is a philosophical system most associated with Nicholas Malebranche (1638–1715) which maintains that God and divine ideas are the first object of our intelligence and the intuition of God the first act of our intellectual knowledge.
Operation Enduring Freedom
Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) was the official name used by the U.S. government for both the first stage (2001–2014) of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) and the larger-scale Global War on Terrorism.
See Italy and Operation Enduring Freedom
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is a regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization comprising member states in Europe, North America, and Asia.
See Italy and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Organized crime in Italy
Criminal organizations have been prevalent in Italy, especially in the southern part of the country, for centuries and have affected the social and economic life of many Italian regions.
See Italy and Organized crime in Italy
Origines
Origines ("Origins") is the title of a lost work on Roman and Italian history by Cato the Elder, composed in the early-2nd centuryBC.
Oscan language
Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy.
Ostrogothic Kingdom
The Ostrogothic Kingdom, officially the Kingdom of Italy (Regnum Italiae), was a barbarian kingdom established by the Germanic Ostrogoths that controlled Italy and neighbouring areas between 493 and 553.
See Italy and Ostrogothic Kingdom
Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were a Roman-era Germanic people.
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
Ovid
Publius Ovidius Naso (20 March 43 BC – AD 17/18), known in English as Ovid, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus.
See Italy and Ovid
Pact of Steel
The Pact of Steel (Stahlpakt, Patto d'Acciaio), formally known as the Pact of Friendship and Alliance between Germany and Italy was a military and political alliance between Italy and Germany.
Pagani Automobili
Pagani Automobili S.p.A. (commonly referred to as Pagani) is an Italian manufacturer of sports cars and carbon fiber components.
See Italy and Pagani Automobili
Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi
The Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi (Italian for 'hunting residence' of Stupinigi) is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy in the Metropolitan City of Turin in northern Italy, part of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list.
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Palazzo Madama, Rome
Palazzo Madama in Rome is the seat of the Senate of the Italian Republic, the upper house of the Italian Parliament.
See Italy and Palazzo Madama, Rome
Palazzo Montecitorio
Palazzo Montecitorio is a palace in Rome and the seat of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the Italian Parliament.
See Italy and Palazzo Montecitorio
Palestinian Authority
The Palestinian Authority, officially known as the Palestinian National Authority or the State of Palestine, is the Fatah-controlled government body that exercises partial civil control over the Palestinian enclaves in the Israeli-occupied West Bank as a consequence of the 1993–1995 Oslo Accords.
See Italy and Palestinian Authority
Palio di Siena
The Palio di Siena (known locally simply as Il Palio; from Latin pallium) is a horse race held twice each year, on 2 July and 16 August, in Siena, Italy.
Palladian architecture
Palladian architecture is a European architectural style derived from the work of the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio (1508–1580).
See Italy and Palladian architecture
Paolo Gentiloni
Paolo Gentiloni Silveri (born 22 November 1954) is an Italian politician who has been serving as European Commissioner for Economy in the von der Leyen Commission since 1 December 2019.
Papal States
The Papal States (Stato Pontificio), officially the State of the Church (Stato della Chiesa; Status Ecclesiasticus), were a conglomeration of territories on the Apennine Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope from 756 to 1870.
Parliamentary republic
A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament).
See Italy and Parliamentary republic
Parliamentary system
A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.
See Italy and Parliamentary system
Parmenides
Parmenides of Elea (Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia.
Patronal festival
A patronal feast or patronal festival (fiesta patronal; festa patronal; festa patronal; festa patronale; fête patronale) is a yearly celebration dedicated – in countries influenced by Christianity – to the 'heavenly advocate' or 'patron' of the location holding the festival, who is a saint or virgin.
See Italy and Patronal festival
Pax Romana
The (Latin for "Roman peace") is a roughly 200-year-long period of Roman history which is identified as a golden age of increased and sustained Roman imperialism, relative peace and order, prosperous stability, hegemonic power, and regional expansion.
Penology
Penology is a subfield of criminology that deals with the philosophy and practice of various societies in their attempts to repress criminal activities, and satisfy public opinion via an appropriate treatment regime for persons convicted of criminal offences.
Pentamerone
The Pentamerone, subtitled Lo cunto de li cunti ("The Tale of Tales"), is a seventeenth-century Neapolitan fairy tale collection by Italian poet and courtier Giambattista Basile.
Perspective (graphical)
Linear or point-projection perspective is one of two types of graphical projection perspective in the graphic arts; the other is parallel projection.
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Petrarch
Francis Petrarch (20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374; Franciscus Petrarcha; modern Francesco Petrarca), born Francesco di Petracco, was a scholar from Arezzo and poet of the early Italian Renaissance and one of the earliest humanists.
Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations.
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Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.
Piedmont
Piedmont (Piemonte,; Piemont), located in northwest Italy, is one of the 20 regions of Italy.
Pienza
Pienza is a town and comune in the province of Siena, Tuscany, in the historical region of Val d'Orcia.
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Pier Paolo Pasolini
Pier Paolo Pasolini (5 March 1922 – 2 November 1975) was an Italian poet, film director, writer, actor and playwright.
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Piero della Francesca
Piero della Francesca (– 12 October 1492) was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance.
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Piero Manzoni
Piero Manzoni di Chiosca e Poggiolo, better known as Piero Manzoni (July 13, 1933 – February 6, 1963) was an Italian artist best known for his ironic approach to avant-garde art.
Pietà (Michelangelo)
The Madonna della Pietà (1498–1499), otherwise known as La Pietà, is a marble sculpture of Jesus and Mary at Mount Golgotha representing the "Sixth Sorrow" of the Blessed Virgin Mary by Michelangelo Buonarroti, now in Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City.
See Italy and Pietà (Michelangelo)
Pisa Cathedral
Pisa Cathedral (Cattedrale Metropolitana Primaziale di Santa Maria Assunta; Duomo di Pisa) is a medieval Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, in the Piazza dei Miracoli in Pisa, Italy, the oldest of the three structures in the plaza followed by the Pisa Baptistry and the Campanile known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
Pliny the Elder
Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.
Pliny the Younger
Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo (61 –), better known as Pliny the Younger, was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome.
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Plutarch
Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.
Political demonstration
A political demonstration is an action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause or people partaking in a protest against a cause of concern; it often consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, in order to hear speakers.
See Italy and Political demonstration
Political science
Political science is the scientific study of politics.
See Italy and Political science
Polizia di Stato
The Polizia di Stato (State Police or P.S.) is one of the national police forces of Italy.
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Polytechnic University of Milan
The Polytechnic University of Milan (Politecnico di Milano, abbreviated as Polimi) is the largest technical university in Italy, with about 42,000 students.
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Polytechnic University of Turin
The Polytechnic University of Turin (Politecnico di Torino, abbreviated as PoliTO) is the oldest Italian public technical university.
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Pontifical Academy of Arcadia
The Accademia degli Arcadi or Accademia dell'Arcadia, "Academy of Arcadia" or "Academy of the Arcadians", was an Italian literary academy founded in Rome in 1690.
See Italy and Pontifical Academy of Arcadia
Pontormo
Jacopo Carucci or Carrucci (May 24, 1494 – January 2, 1557), usually known as Jacopo (da) Pontormo or simply Pontormo, was an Italian Mannerist painter and portraitist from the Florentine School.
Pope
The pope (papa, from lit) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church.
See Italy and Pope
Pope Clement VII
Pope Clement VII (Clemens VII; Clemente VII; born Giulio de' Medici; 26 May 1478 – 25 September 1534) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 November 1523 to his death on 25 September 1534.
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Pope Julius II
Pope Julius II (Iulius II; Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 144321 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1503 to his death, in February 1513.
Pope Leo X
Pope Leo X (Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 14751 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death, in December 1521.
Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII (Leone XIII; born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 until his death in July 1903.
Pope Martin V
Pope Martin V (Martinus V; Martino V; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born Otto (or Oddone) Colonna, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431.
Pope Nicholas V
Pope Nicholas V (Nicholaus V; Niccolò V; 15 November 1397 – 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 March 1447 until his death, in March 1455.
Pope Paul III
Pope Paul III (Paulus III; Paolo III; 29 February 1468 – 10 November 1549), born Alessandro Farnese, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 October 1534 to his death, in November 1549.
Pope Pius II
Pope Pius II (Pius PP., Pio II), born Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini (Aeneas Silvius Bartholomeus; 18 October 1405 – 14 August 1464), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 August 1458 to his death.
Power (international relations)
In international relations, power is defined in several different ways.
See Italy and Power (international relations)
Pozzolana
Pozzolana or pozzuolana, also known as pozzolanic ash (pulvis puteolanus), is a natural siliceous or siliceous-aluminous material which reacts with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water at room temperature (cf. pozzolanic reaction).
Prada
Prada S.p.A. is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1913 in Milan by Mario Prada.
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Premiata Forneria Marconi
Premiata Forneria Marconi (PFM) (translation: Award-winning Marconi Bakery) is an Italian progressive rock band founded in 1970 which continues to the present day.
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Presidency of the Council of the European Union
The presidency of the Council of the European Union is responsible for the functioning of the Council of the European Union, which is the co-legislator of the EU legislature alongside the European Parliament.
See Italy and Presidency of the Council of the European Union
President of Italy
The president of Italy, officially titled President of the Italian Republic (Presidente della Repubblica Italiana), is the head of state of Italy.
See Italy and President of Italy
Prima donna
In opera or commedia dell'arte, a prima donna (Italian for 'first lady';: prime donne) is the leading female singer in the company, the person to whom the prime roles would be given.
Prime Minister of Italy
The prime minister of Italy, officially the president of the Council of Ministers (Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri), is the head of government of the Italian Republic.
See Italy and Prime Minister of Italy
Progressive rock
Progressive rock (shortened as prog rock or simply prog) is a broad genre of rock music that primarily developed in the United Kingdom through the mid- to late 1960s, peaking in the early 1970s.
See Italy and Progressive rock
Propertius
Sextus Propertius was a Latin elegiac poet of the Augustan age.
Proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body.
See Italy and Proportional representation
Prosecco
Prosecco is an Italian DOC or DOCG white wine produced in a large area spanning nine provinces in the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia regions, and named after the village of Prosecco, in the province of Trieste, Italy.
Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans are a hypothetical prehistoric ethnolinguistic group of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.
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Province of Gorizia
The province of Gorizia (provincia di Gorizia; Goriška pokrajina; provincie di Gurize) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.
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Province of Trieste
The province of Trieste (provincia di Trieste) is a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.
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Province of Udine
The province of Udine (provincia di Udine; provincie di Udin; Videmska pokrajina; Vydänskä provinčjä; Provinz Weiden) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy, bordering Austria and Slovenia, with the capital in the city of Udine.
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Provinces of Italy
The provinces of Italy (province d'Italia) are the second-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, on an intermediate level between a municipality (comune) and a region (regione).
See Italy and Provinces of Italy
Provincial police
In Italy, the polizia provinciale (Italian for 'provincial police') are the provincial-level police forces.
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Prussia
Prussia (Preußen; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions.
Pumice
Pumice, called pumicite in its powdered or dust form, is a volcanic rock that consists of extremely vesicular rough-textured volcanic glass, which may or may not contain crystals.
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Puppet state
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government is a state that is de jure independent but de facto completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders.
Pyrrhic War
The Pyrrhic War (280–275 BC) was largely fought between the Roman Republic and Pyrrhus, the king of Epirus, who had been asked by the people of the Greek city of Tarentum in southern Italy to help them in their war against the Romans.
Pythagoras
Pythagoras of Samos (Πυθαγόρας; BC) was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism.
Raffaella Carrà
Raffaella Maria Roberta Pelloni (18 June 1943 – 5 July 2021), better known professionally by her stage name as Raffaella Carrà, also sometimes known mononymously as Raffaella was an Italian singer, dancer, actress, television presenter and model.
Rail transport in Italy
The Italian railway system is one of the most important parts of the infrastructure of Italy, with a total length of of which active lines are.
See Italy and Rail transport in Italy
Raphael
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (March 28 or April 6, 1483April 6, 1520), now generally known in English as Raphael, was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance.
Realism (international relations)
Realism, a school of thought in international relations theory, is a theoretical framework that views world politics as an enduring competition among self-interested states vying for power and positioning within an anarchic global system devoid of a centralized authority.
See Italy and Realism (international relations)
Reformation
The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.
Regia Aeronautica
The Royal Italian Air Force (Regia Aeronautica Italiana) (RAI) was the air force of the Kingdom of Italy.
See Italy and Regia Aeronautica
Regia Marina
The paren) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Regional Italian
Regional Italian (italiano regionale) is any regional"Regional" in the broad sense of the word; not to be confused with the Italian endonym, for Italy's administrative units.
See Italy and Regional Italian
Regional power
In international relations, regional power, since the late 20thcentury has been used for a sovereign state that exercises significant power within its geographical region.
Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level.
See Italy and Regions of Italy
REN21
REN21 (Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century) is a policy network and a multistakeholder governance group which is focused on renewable energy policy.
See Italy and REN21
Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries.
Renaissance architecture
Renaissance architecture is the European architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 16th centuries in different regions, demonstrating a conscious revival and development of certain elements of ancient Greek and Roman thought and material culture.
See Italy and Renaissance architecture
Republic of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa (Repúbrica de Zêna; Repubblica di Genova; Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast.
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Republic of Pisa
The Republic of Pisa (Repubblica di Pisa) was an independent state existing from the 11th to the 15th century and centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa.
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Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice, traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and maritime republic with its capital in Venice.
See Italy and Republic of Venice
Revolution
In political science, a revolution (revolutio, 'a turn around') is a rapid, fundamental transformation of a society's state, class, ethnic or religious structures.
Rhapsody of Fire
Rhapsody of Fire (formerly known as Rhapsody) is an Italian symphonic power metal band formed by Luca Turilli and Alex Staropoli, widely seen as a pioneer of the symphonic power metal subgenre.
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Ricotta
Ricotta is an Italian whey cheese made from sheep, cow, goat, or Italian water buffalo milk whey left over from the production of other cheeses.
Rijeka
Rijeka (local Chakavian: Reka or Rika; Reka, Fiume (Fiume; Fiume; outdated German name: Sankt Veit am Flaum), is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea and in 2021 had a population of 108,622 inhabitants.
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Roberto Rossellini
Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini (8 May 1906 – 3 June 1977) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer.
See Italy and Roberto Rossellini
Roman art
The art of Ancient Rome, and the territories of its Republic and later Empire, includes architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work.
Roman Britain
Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain.
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
Roman gardens
Roman gardens and ornamental horticulture became highly developed under Roman civilization, and thrived from 150 BC to 350 AD.
Roman Italy
Italia (in both the Latin and Italian languages), also referred to as Roman Italy, was the homeland of the ancient Romans.
Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom, also referred to as the Roman monarchy or the regal period of ancient Rome, was the earliest period of Roman history when the city and its territory were ruled by kings.
Roman law
Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables, to the (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most widely used legal system today, and the terms are sometimes used synonymously.
Roman numerals
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages.
Roman province
The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.
Romance languages
The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin.
See Italy and Romance languages
Romanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe that was predominant in the 11th and 12th centuries.
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Romanian diaspora
The Romanian diaspora is the ethnically Romanian population outside Romania and Moldova.
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Romano Prodi
Romano Prodi (born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician who served as President of the European Commission from 1999 to 2004 and twice as Prime Minister of Italy, from 1996 to 1998, and again 2006 to 2008.
Rome
Rome (Italian and Roma) is the capital city of Italy.
See Italy and Rome
Rome Fiumicino Airport
Leonardo da Vinci Rome Fiumicino Airport (Aeroporto Leonardo da Vinci di Roma–Fiumicino) is an international airport in Fiumicino, Italy, serving Rome.
See Italy and Rome Fiumicino Airport
Rory Carroll
Rory Carroll (born 1972) is an Irish journalist working for The Guardian who has reported from the Balkans, Afghanistan, Iraq, Latin America and Los Angeles.
Royal Palace of Caserta
The Royal Palace of Caserta (Reggia di Caserta; Reggia 'e Caserta) is a former royal residence in Caserta, Campania, 35km north of Naples in southern Italy, constructed by the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies as their main residence as kings of Naples.
See Italy and Royal Palace of Caserta
Rubicon
The Rubicon (Rubico; Rubicone; Rubicôn) is a shallow river in northeastern Italy, just south of Cesena and north of Rimini.
Rugby World Cup
The Men's Rugby World Cup is a rugby union tournament contested every four years between the top international teams, the winners of which are recognised as the World champions of the sport.
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social change in Russia, starting in 1917.
See Italy and Russian Revolution
Samnite Wars
The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe.
San Marino
San Marino (San Maréin or San Maroin), officially the Republic of San Marino (Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a European microstate and enclave within Italy. Italy and San Marino are countries and territories where Italian is an official language, countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Sandro Botticelli
Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi (– May 17, 1510), better known as Sandro Botticelli or simply Botticelli, was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance.
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Sanremo Music Festival
The Sanremo Music Festival, officially the Italian Song Festival, is the most popular Italian song contest and awards ceremony, held annually in the city of Sanremo, Liguria, organized and broadcast by Italian public broadcaster RAI.
See Italy and Sanremo Music Festival
Sapienza University of Rome
The Sapienza University of Rome (Sapienza – Università di Roma), formally the Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", abbreviated simply as Sapienza ("wisdom"), is a public research university located in Rome, Italy.
See Italy and Sapienza University of Rome
Sardinia
Sardinia (Sardegna; Sardigna) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the twenty regions of Italy.
Sardinian language
Sardinian or Sard (sardu,, limba sarda,, or lìngua sarda) is a Romance language spoken by the Sardinians on the Western Mediterranean island of Sardinia.
See Italy and Sardinian language
Sarno
Sarno is a town and comune and former Latin Catholic bishopric of Campania, Italy, in the province of Salerno, 20 km northeast from the city of Salerno and 60 km east of Naples by the main railway.
See Italy and Sarno
Sassari
Sassari (Sàssari; Tàtari) is an Italian city and the second-largest of Sardinia in terms of population with 127,525 inhabitants, and a Functional Urban Area of about 260,000 inhabitants.
Savoy
Savoy (Savouè; Savoie; Italian: Savoia) is a cultural-historical region in the Western Alps.
See Italy and Savoy
Science museum
A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science.
Science park
A science park (also called a "university research park", "technology park", "technopark", "technopolis", "technopole", or a "science and technology park") is defined as being a property-based development that accommodates and fosters the growth of tenant firms and that are affiliated with a university (or a government and private research bodies) based on proximity, ownership, and/or governance.
Scientific method
The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has characterized the development of science since at least the 17th century.
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Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.
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Scuderia Ferrari
Scuderia Ferrari is the racing division of luxury Italian auto manufacturer Ferrari and the racing team that competes in Formula One racing.
See Italy and Scuderia Ferrari
Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
The Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa (commonly known in Italy as "la Normale") is a public university institution in Pisa and Florence, Tuscany, Italy, currently attended by about 600 undergraduate and postgraduate (PhD) students.
See Italy and Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
Second Italian War of Independence
The Second Italian War of Independence, also called the Sardinian War, the Austro-Sardinian War, the Franco-Austrian War, or the Italian War of 1859 (Italian: Seconda guerra d'indipendenza italiana; German: Sardinischer Krieg; French: Campagne d'Italie), was fought by the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859 and played a crucial part in the process of Italian Unification.
See Italy and Second Italian War of Independence
Second Italo-Ethiopian War
The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Italy against Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to February 1937.
See Italy and Second Italo-Ethiopian War
Self-determination
Self-determination refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage.
See Italy and Self-determination
Senate of the Republic (Italy)
The Senate of the Republic (Senato della Repubblica), or simply the Senate (Senato), is the upper house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, the lower house being the Chamber of Deputies.
See Italy and Senate of the Republic (Italy)
Senator for life
A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure.
See Italy and Senator for life
Seneca the Younger
Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger (AD 65), usually known mononymously as Seneca, was a Stoic philosopher of Ancient Rome, a statesman, dramatist, and in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature.
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Sergio Leone
Sergio Leone (3 January 1929 – 30 April 1989) was an Italian filmmaker, credited as the pioneer of the spaghetti Western genre.
Serie A
The Serie A, officially known as Serie A enilive in Italy and Serie A Made in Italy abroad for sponsorship reasons, is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the Italian football league system.
Seveso disaster
The Seveso disaster was an industrial accident that occurred around 12:37 pm on 10 July 1976, in a small chemical manufacturing plant approximately north of Milan in the Lombardy region of Italy.
Sicani
The Sicani or Sicanians were one of three ancient peoples of Sicily present at the time of Phoenician and Greek colonization.
See Italy and Sicani
Sicilian Mafia
The Sicilian Mafia or Cosa Nostra ("our thing"), also referred to as simply Mafia, is a criminal society originating on the island of Sicily and dates back to the mid-19th century.
Silent film
A silent film is a film without synchronized recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue).
Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi (29 September 1936 – 12 June 2023) was an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011.
See Italy and Silvio Berlusconi
Sister republic
A sister republic (république sœur) was a republic established by the French First Republic or by local revolutionaries during the French Revolutionary Wars.
Six Nations Championship
The Six Nations Championship (known as the Guinness Six Nations for sponsorship reasons) is an annual international men's rugby union competition between the teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales.
See Italy and Six Nations Championship
Slovene language
Slovene or Slovenian (slovenščina) is a South Slavic language of the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family.
See Italy and Slovene language
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel and revenue numbers fall below certain limits.
See Italy and Small and medium-sized enterprises
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe.
See Italy and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Solar energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that is harnessed using a range of technologies such as solar power to generate electricity, solar thermal energy (including solar water heating), and solar architecture.
Sonata
Sonata (Italian:, pl. sonate; from Latin and Italian: sonare, "to sound"), in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to a cantata (Latin and Italian cantare, "to sing"), a piece sung.
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Sonnet
The term sonnet derives from the Italian word sonetto (from the Latin word sonus). It refers to a fixed verse poetic form, traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme.
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Sophia Loren
Sofia Costanza Brigida Villani Scicolone (born 20 September 1934), known professionally as Sophia Loren, is an Italian actress, active in her native country and the United States.
Sound film
A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film.
South Tyrol
South Tyrol (Südtirol,; Alto Adige,; Südtirol) is an autonomous province in northern Italy.
South Tyrolean People's Party
The South Tyrolean People's Party (Südtiroler Volkspartei, SVP) is a regionalist and mostly Christian-democratic political party in South Tyrol, an autonomous province with a German-speaking majority in northern Italy.
See Italy and South Tyrolean People's Party
Southern Italy
Southern Italy (Sud Italia,, or Italia meridionale,; 'o Sudde; Italia dû Suddi), also known as Meridione or Mezzogiorno (Miezojuorno; Menzujornu), is a macroregion of Italy consisting of its southern regions.
Sovereignty
Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority.
Spaghetti Western
The spaghetti Western is a broad subgenre of Western films produced in Europe.
See Italy and Spaghetti Western
Sparkling wine
Sparkling wine is a wine with significant levels of carbon dioxide in it, making it fizzy.
SPQR
SPQR, an initialism for Senatus Populusque Romanus, is an emblematic phrase referring to the government of the Roman Republic.
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St Mark's Basilica
The Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark (Basilica Cattedrale Patriarcale di San Marco), commonly known as St Mark's Basilica (Basilica di San Marco; Baxéłega de San Marco), is the cathedral church of the Patriarchate of Venice; it became the episcopal seat of the Patriarch of Venice in 1807, replacing the earlier cathedral of San Pietro di Castello.
See Italy and St Mark's Basilica
St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican (Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica (Basilica Sancti Petri; Basilica di San Pietro), is a church of the Italian High Renaissance located in Vatican City, an independent microstate enclaved within the city of Rome, Italy.
See Italy and St. Peter's Basilica
Strait of Messina
The Strait of Messina (Stretto di Messina; Strittu di Missina) is a narrow strait between the eastern tip of Sicily (Punta del Faro) and the western tip of Calabria (Punta Pezzo) in Southern Italy.
See Italy and Strait of Messina
Stromboli
Stromboli (Struògnuli) is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily, containing Mount Stromboli, one of the four active volcanoes in Italy.
Sugar beet
A sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
Summer Olympic Games
The Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Games of the Olympiad, is a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years.
See Italy and Summer Olympic Games
Sun Sentinel
The Sun Sentinel (also known as the South Florida Sun Sentinel, known until 2008 as the Sun-Sentinel, and stylized on its masthead as SunSentinel) is the main daily newspaper of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and Broward County, and covers Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties and state-wide news, as well.
Supreme Court of Cassation (Italy)
The Supreme Court of Cassation (Corte Suprema di Cassazione) is the highest court of appeal or court of last resort in Italy.
See Italy and Supreme Court of Cassation (Italy)
Surrealism
Surrealism is an art and cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists aimed to allow the unconscious mind to express itself, often resulting in the depiction of illogical or dreamlike scenes and ideas.
Swashbuckler
A swashbuckler is a genre of European adventure literature that focuses on a heroic protagonist stock character who is skilled in swordsmanship, acrobatics, and guile, and possesses chivalrous ideals.
Swiss franc
The Swiss franc, or simply the franc (Swiss German; franc; franco; franc), is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
Sword-and-sandal
Sword-and-sandal, also known as peplum (pepla), is a subgenre of largely Italian-made historical, mythological, or biblical epics mostly set in the Greco-Roman antiquity or the Middle Ages.
See Italy and Sword-and-sandal
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra.
Syracuse, Sicily
Syracuse (Siracusa; Sarausa) is a historic city on the Italian island of Sicily, the capital of the Italian province of Syracuse.
See Italy and Syracuse, Sicily
Tampa Bay Times
The Tampa Bay Times, called the St.
Tank
A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat.
See Italy and Tank
Tank destroyer
A tank destroyer, tank hunter or tank killer is a type of armoured fighting vehicle, predominantly intended for anti-tank duties.
Teano
Teano is a town and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy, northwest of Caserta on the main line to Rome from Naples.
See Italy and Teano
Telefoni Bianchi
Telefoni Bianchi (white telephones) films, also called deco films, were made by the Italian film industry in the 1930s and the 1940s in imitation of American comedies of the time in a sharp contrast to the other important style of the era, calligrafismo, which was highly artistic.
See Italy and Telefoni Bianchi
Telephone numbers in Switzerland
Telephone numbers in Switzerland are defined and assigned according to the Swiss telephone numbering plan administered by the Swiss Federal Office of Communications.
See Italy and Telephone numbers in Switzerland
Thalassocracy
A thalassocracy or thalattocracy, sometimes also maritime empire, is a state with primarily maritime realms, an empire at sea, or a seaborne empire.
The Adventures of Pinocchio
The Adventures of Pinocchio (Le avventure di Pinocchio., i.e. "The Adventures of Pinocchio. Story of a Puppet"), commonly shortened to Pinocchio, is an 1883 children's fantasy novel by Italian author Carlo Collodi.
See Italy and The Adventures of Pinocchio
The Boston Globe
The Boston Globe, also known locally as the Globe, is an American daily newspaper founded and based in Boston, Massachusetts.
See Italy and The Boston Globe
The Economist
The Economist is a British weekly newspaper published in printed magazine format and digitally.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo, literally "The good, the ugly, the bad") is a 1966 Italian spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood as "the Good", Lee Van Cleef as "the Bad", and Eli Wallach as "the Ugly".
See Italy and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
The History of Rome (Mommsen)
The History of Rome (Römische Geschichte) is a multi-volume history of ancient Rome written by Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903).
See Italy and The History of Rome (Mommsen)
The Hollywood Reporter
The Hollywood Reporter (THR) is an American digital and print magazine which focuses on the Hollywood film, television, and entertainment industries.
See Italy and The Hollywood Reporter
The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper.
The Local
The Local is a multi-regional, European, English-language digital news publisher with local editions in Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland.
The Prince
The Prince (Il Principe; De Principatibus) is a 16th-century political treatise written by the Italian diplomat, philosopher, and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli in the form of a realistic instruction guide for new princes.
The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
See Italy and The World Factbook
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.
See Italy and Thirty Years' War
Tiber
The Tiber (Tevere; Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the River Aniene, to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between Ostia and Fiumicino.
See Italy and Tiber
Times Colonist
The Times Colonist is an English-language daily newspaper in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Tintoretto
Jacopo Robusti (late September or early October 1518Bernari and de Vecchi 1970, p. 83.31 May 1594), best known as Tintoretto, was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school.
Tiramisu
Tiramisu (Italian: tiramisù) is an Italian dessert made of ladyfinger pastries (savoiardi) dipped in coffee, layered with a whipped mixture of eggs, sugar, and mascarpone and flavoured with cocoa.
Titian
Tiziano Vecelli or Vecellio (27 August 1576), Latinized as Titianus, hence known in English as Titian, was an Italian Renaissance painter, the most important artist of Renaissance Venetian painting.
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Tiziano Ferro
Tiziano Ferro (born 21 February 1980) is an Italian singer, songwriter, producer, and author.
Total fertility rate
The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life.
See Italy and Total fertility rate
Totem
A totem (from ᑑᑌᒼ or ᑑᑌᒻ doodem) is a spirit being, sacred object, or symbol that serves as an emblem of a group of people, such as a family, clan, lineage, or tribe, such as in the Anishinaabe clan system.
See Italy and Totem
Toto Cutugno
Salvatore "Toto" Cutugno (7 July 1943 – 22 August 2023) was an Italian pop singer-songwriter, musician, and television presenter.
Tourism in Italy
Tourism in Italy is one of the largest economic sectors of the country.
See Italy and Tourism in Italy
Treaty of London (1915)
The Treaty of London (Trattato di Londra) or the Pact of London (Patto di Londra) was a secret agreement concluded on 26 April 1915 by the United Kingdom, France, and Russia on the one part, and Italy on the other, in order to entice the latter to enter World War I on the side of the Triple Entente.
See Italy and Treaty of London (1915)
Treaty of Paris between Italy and the Allied Powers
The Treaty of Paris between Italy and the Allied Powers was signed on 10 February 1947, formally ending hostilities between both parties.
See Italy and Treaty of Paris between Italy and the Allied Powers
Treaty of Rapallo (1920)
The Treaty of Rapallo was an agreement between the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in the aftermath of the First World War.
See Italy and Treaty of Rapallo (1920)
Treaty of Rome (1924)
The Treaty of Rome was agreed on 27 January 1924, when Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes agreed that Fiume would be annexed to Italy as the Province of Fiume, and the town of Sušak would be part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
See Italy and Treaty of Rome (1924)
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (Traité de Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was signed on 10 September 1919 by the victorious Allies of World War I on the one hand and by the Republic of German-Austria on the other.
See Italy and Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
Treccani
The Institute of the Italian Encyclopaedia Treccani (Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani), also known as the Treccani Institute, is a cultural institution of national interest, active in the publishing field, founded by Giovanni Treccani in 1925.
Trenitalia
Trenitalia SpA is the primary train operator of Italy.
Trentino
Provincia autonoma di Trento (Provinzia Autonoma de Trent; Autonome Provinz Trient), commonly known as Trentino, is an autonomous province of Italy in the country's far north.
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol (Trentino-Alto Adige) is an autonomous region of Italy, located in the northern part of the country.
See Italy and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Trieste
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy.
Tripartite Pact
The Tripartite Pact, also known as the Berlin Pact, was an agreement between Germany, Italy, and Japan signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940 by, respectively, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Galeazzo Ciano, and Saburō Kurusu (in that order) and in the presence of Adolf Hitler.
Triple Alliance (1882)
The Triple Alliance was a defensive military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
See Italy and Triple Alliance (1882)
Trompe-l'œil
paren) is an artistic term for the highly realistic optical illusion of three-dimensional space and objects on a two-dimensional surface. Trompe l'œil, which is most often associated with painting, tricks the viewer into perceiving painted objects or spaces as real. Forced perspective is a related illusion in architecture.
Troubadour
A troubadour (trobador archaically: -->) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350).
Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno or)Mer Tyrrhénienne Tyrrhēnum mare, Mare Tirrenu, Mari Tirrenu, Mari Tirrenu, Mare Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy.
UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The UCI Road World Championships Elite Men's Road Race is a one-day event for professional cyclists that takes place annually. The winner is considered the World Cycling Champion (or World Road Cycling Champion) and earns the right to wear the Rainbow Jersey for a full year in road race or stage events.
See Italy and UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
UEFA Euro 1968
The 1968 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in Italy.
UEFA European Championship
The UEFA European Football Championship, less formally the European Championship and informally the Euro or Euros, is the primary association football tournament organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA).
See Italy and UEFA European Championship
Ugo Foscolo
Ugo Foscolo (6 February 177810 September 1827), born Niccolò Foscolo, was a Greek-Italian writer, revolutionary and poet.
Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian medievalist, philosopher, semiotician, novelist, cultural critic, and political and social commentator.
Umberto II of Italy
Umberto II (15 September 190418 March 1983) was the last King of Italy.
See Italy and Umberto II of Italy
Umberto Tozzi
Umberto Antonio Tozzi (born 4 March 1952) is an Italian pop and rock singer and composer.
Umbria
Umbria is a region of central Italy.
See Italy and Umbria
Umbrian language
Umbrian is an extinct Italic language formerly spoken by the Umbri in the ancient Italian region of Umbria.
See Italy and Umbrian language
UN Tourism
UN Tourism (UNWTO until 2023) is a specialized agency of the United Nations which promotes responsible, sustainable and universally-accessible tourism.
Unification of Italy
The unification of Italy (Unità d'Italia), also known as the Risorgimento, was the 19th century political and social movement that in 1861 resulted in the consolidation of various states of the Italian Peninsula and its outlying isles into a single state, the Kingdom of Italy.
See Italy and Unification of Italy
Unified Task Force
The Unified Task Force (UNITAF) was a United States-led, United Nations-sanctioned multinational force which operated in Somalia from 5 December 1992 until 4 May 1993.
See Italy and Unified Task Force
United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
See Italy and United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (قوة الأممالمتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL (يونيفيل, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping mission established on 19 March 1978 by United Nations Security Council Resolutions 425 and 426, to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon which Israel had invaded five days prior, in order to ensure that the government of Lebanon would restore its effective authority in the area.
See Italy and United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
United Nations Operation in Mozambique
The United Nations Operations in Mozambique (ONUMOZ, Operação das Nações Unidas em Moçambique) was a UN peace mission to Mozambique established in December 1992 under Security Council Resolution 797 with the assignment to monitor the implementation of the Rome General Peace Accords agreed upon by the Mozambican president Joaquim Chissano of FRELIMO, the Front for Liberation of Mozambique, and Afonso Dhlakama of RENAMO, the Mozambican National Resistance.
See Italy and United Nations Operation in Mozambique
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.
See Italy and United Nations Security Council
United States Commercial Service
The United States Commercial Service is an agency of the International Trade Administration under the United States Department of Commerce that assists United States businesses with exports and sales in foreign markets.
See Italy and United States Commercial Service
Universal Newsreel
Universal Newsreel (sometimes known as Universal-International Newsreel or just U-I Newsreel) was a series of 7- to 10-minute newsreels that were released twice a week between 1929 and 1967 by Universal Studios.
See Italy and Universal Newsreel
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore is an Italian private research university founded in 1921.
See Italy and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
University of Bologna
The University of Bologna (Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, abbreviated Unibo) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy.
See Italy and University of Bologna
University of Milan
The University of Milan (Università degli Studi di Milano; Universitas Studiorum Mediolanensis), officially abbreviated as UNIMI, or colloquially referred to as La Statale ("the Statal "), is a public research university in Milan, Italy.
See Italy and University of Milan
Upland and lowland
Upland and lowland are conditional descriptions of a plain based on elevation above sea level.
See Italy and Upland and lowland
Urbino
Urbino (Romagnol: Urbìn) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.
See Italy and Urbino
Vajont Dam
The Vajont Dam or Vaiont Dam is a disused hydro-electric dam in northern Italy.
Vascular plant
Vascular plants, also called tracheophytes or collectively tracheophyta, form a large group of land plants (accepted known species) that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant.
Vassal state
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe.
Vatican City
Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a landlocked sovereign country, city-state, microstate, and enclave within Rome, Italy. Italy and Vatican City are countries and territories where Italian is an official language and countries in Europe.
Veneto
Veneto or the Venetia is one of the 20 regions of Italy, located in the north-east of the country.
See Italy and Veneto
Venice
Venice (Venezia; Venesia, formerly Venexia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
See Italy and Venice
Venice Film Festival
The Venice Film Festival or Venice International Film Festival (Mostra Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica della Biennale di Venezia, "International Exhibition of Cinematographic Art of the Venice Biennale") is an annual film festival held in Venice, Italy.
See Italy and Venice Film Festival
Versace
Gianni Versace S.r.l., usually referred to as Versace, is an Italian luxury fashion company founded by Gianni Versace in 1978.
Vibo Valentia
Vibo Valentia (Monteleone before 1861; Monteleone di Calabria from 1861 to 1928; Vibbu Valenzia or Muntalaùni) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Calabria, near the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Victor Emmanuel II
Victor Emmanuel II (Vittorio Emanuele II; full name: Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was King of Sardinia (also known as Piedmont-Sardinia) from 23 March 1849 until 17 March 1861, when he assumed the title of King of Italy and became the first king of an independent, united Italy since the 6th century, a title he held until his death in 1878.
See Italy and Victor Emmanuel II
Victor Emmanuel II Monument
The Victor Emmanuel II National Monument (Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II), also known as the Vittoriano or Altare della Patria ("Altar of the Fatherland"), is a large national monument built between 1885 and 1935 to honour Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a unified Italy, in Rome, Italy.
See Italy and Victor Emmanuel II Monument
Victor Emmanuel III
Victor Emmanuel III (11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947), born Vittorio Emanuele Ferdinando Maria Gennaro di Savoia, was King of Italy from 29 July 1900 until his abdication on 9 May 1946.
See Italy and Victor Emmanuel III
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice.
Virgil
Publius Vergilius Maro (traditional dates 15 October 70 BC21 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period.
See Italy and Virgil
Viterbo
Viterbo (Viterbese: Veterbe; Viterbium) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Lazio region of Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo.
Vittorio Alfieri
Count Vittorio Alfieri (also,; 16 January 17498 October 1803) was an Italian dramatist and poet, considered the "founder of Italian tragedy." He wrote nineteen tragedies, sonnets, satires, and a notable autobiography.
See Italy and Vittorio Alfieri
Vittorio De Sica
Vittorio De Sica (7 July 1901 – 13 November 1974) was an Italian film director and actor, a leading figure in the neorealist movement.
See Italy and Vittorio De Sica
Volcanic island
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin.
Volcanism of Italy
The volcanism of Italy is due chiefly to the presence, a short distance to the south, of the boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the African Plate.
See Italy and Volcanism of Italy
Vulcano
Vulcano (Vurcanu) or Vulcan is a small volcanic island belonging to Italy in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.
War of the Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict fought between 1701 and 1714.
See Italy and War of the Spanish Succession
Wartime collaboration
Wartime collaboration is cooperation with the enemy against one's country of citizenship in wartime.
See Italy and Wartime collaboration
Water police
Water police, also called bay constables, coastal police, harbor patrols, marine/maritime police/patrol, nautical patrols, port police, or river police are a specialty law enforcement portion of a larger police organization, who patrol in water craft.
WebCite
WebCite is an intermittently available archive site, originally designed to digitally preserve scientific and educationally important material on the web by taking snapshots of Internet contents as they existed at the time when a blogger or a scholar cited or quoted from it.
Western Schism
The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism, was a split within the Roman Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417 in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually joined by a third line of Pisan claimants in 1409.
Wind power
Wind power is the use of wind energy to generate useful work.
Winter Olympic Games
The Winter Olympic Games (Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice.
See Italy and Winter Olympic Games
Workerism
Workerism is a political theory that emphasizes the importance of or glorifies the working class.
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
See Italy and World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites by country
As of July 2024, there are a total of 1,223 World Heritage Sites located across 168 countries, of which 952 are cultural, 231 are natural, and 40 are mixed properties.
See Italy and World Heritage Sites by country
World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland that regulates and facilitates international trade.
See Italy and World Trade Organization
World Travel and Tourism Council
The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) is a forum for the travel and tourism industry.
See Italy and World Travel and Tourism Council
World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
Xenophanes
Xenophanes of Colophon (Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος; c. 570 – c. 478 BC) was a Greek philosopher, theologian, poet, and critic of Homer from Ionia who travelled throughout the Greek-speaking world in early Classical Antiquity.
Young Italy
Young Italy (La Giovine Italia) was an Italian political movement founded in 1831 by Giuseppe Mazzini.
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: Partizani, Партизани or the National Liberation Army,Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); Народноослободителна војска (НОВ); Narodnoosvobodilna vojska (NOV) officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia,Народноослободилачка војска и партизански одреди Југославије (НОВ и ПОЈ); Народноослободителна војска и партизански одреди на Југославија (НОВ и ПОЈ); Narodnoosvobodilna vojska in partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV in POJ) was the communist-led anti-fascist resistance to the Axis powers (chiefly Nazi Germany) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
See Italy and Yugoslav Partisans
Zadar
Zadar (Zara; see also other names) is the oldest continuously inhabited city in Croatia.
See Italy and Zadar
Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea (Ζήνων ὁ Ἐλεᾱ́της) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher.
.eu
.eu is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the European Union (EU).
See Italy and .eu
.it
.it is the national top-level domain (ccTLD) assigned to Italy.
See Italy and .it
1896 Summer Olympics
The 1896 Summer Olympics (Therinoí Olympiakoí Agónes 1896), officially known as the Games of the I Olympiad (Agónes tis 1is Olympiádas) and commonly known as Athens 1896 (Αθήνα 1896), were the first international Olympic Games held in modern history.
See Italy and 1896 Summer Olympics
1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904.
See Italy and 1904 Summer Olympics
1934 FIFA World Cup
The 1934 FIFA World Cup was the second edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams.
See Italy and 1934 FIFA World Cup
1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the third edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams.
See Italy and 1938 FIFA World Cup
1946 Italian institutional referendum
An institutional referendum (referendum istituzionale, or referendum sulla forma istituzionale dello Stato) was held by universal suffrage in the Kingdom of Italy on 2 June 1946, a key event of contemporary Italian history.
See Italy and 1946 Italian institutional referendum
1948 Italian general election
General elections were held in Italy on 18 April 1948 to elect the first Parliament of the Italian Republic.
See Italy and 1948 Italian general election
1956 Winter Olympics
The 1956 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VII Olympic Winter Games (VII Giochi Olimpici invernali) and commonly known as Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956 (Anpezo 1956 or Ampëz 1956), was a multi-sport event held in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 26 January to 5 February 1956.
See Italy and 1956 Winter Olympics
1960 Summer Olympics
The 1960 Summer Olympics (Giochi Olimpici estivi del 1960), officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad (Giochi della XVII Olimpiade) and commonly known as Rome 1960 (Roma 1960), were an international multi-sport event held from 25 August to 11 September 1960 in Rome, Italy.
See Italy and 1960 Summer Olympics
1973 oil crisis
In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) announced that it was implementing a total oil embargo against the countries who had supported Israel at any point during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, which began after Egypt and Syria launched a large-scale surprise attack in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to recover the territories that they had lost to Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War.
1980 Italian Grand Prix
The 1980 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 14 September 1980 at the Autodromo Dino Ferrari in Imola, Italy.
See Italy and 1980 Italian Grand Prix
1982 FIFA World Cup
The 1982 FIFA World Cup was the 12th FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial football tournament for men's senior national teams, and was played in Spain from 13 June to 11 July 1982.
See Italy and 1982 FIFA World Cup
2006 FIFA World Cup
The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament.
See Italy and 2006 FIFA World Cup
2006 Winter Olympics
The 2006 Winter Olympics (2006 Olimpiadi invernali), officially the XX Olympic Winter Games (XX Giochi olimpici invernali) and also known as Torino 2006, were a winter multi-sport event held from 10 to 26 February in Turin, Italy.
See Italy and 2006 Winter Olympics
8½
(Italian title: Otto e mezzo) is a 1963 comedy-drama film directed and co-written (with Tullio Pinelli, Ennio Flaiano and Brunello Rondi) by Federico Fellini.
See Italy and 8½
See also
1861 establishments in Europe
Countries and territories where Italian is an official language
- Italy
- List of countries and territories where Italian is an official language
- San Marino
- Switzerland
- Vatican City
G20 members
- African Union
- Argentina
- Australia
- Brazil
- Canada
- China
- European Union
- France
- Germany
- India
- Indonesia
- Italy
- Japan
- Mexico
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- South Korea
- Turkey
- United Kingdom
- United States
Member states of NATO
- Albania
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada and NATO
- Croatia
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- Finland and NATO
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Member states of NATO
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- North Macedonia and NATO
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Romania and NATO
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Sweden and NATO
- Turkey
- United Kingdom
- United States
Member states of the European Union
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Danish Realm
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- List of European Union member states by political system
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Member state of the European Union
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Portugal
- Republic of Ireland
- Romania
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean
- Albania
- Algeria
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Denmark
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Israel
- Italy
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Tunisia
- Turkey
OECD members
- Australia
- Austria
- Belgium
- Canada
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Italy
- Japan
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Republic of Ireland
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- South Korea
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom
States and territories established in 1861
- Annexation of the Dominican Republic to Spain
- Central Provinces
- Colorado
- Colorado Territory
- Confederate Arizona
- Confederate States of America
- Confederate government of Kentucky
- Confederate government of Missouri
- Dakota Territory
- Ekostrovskoye Rural Community
- Italy
- Jubbulpore Division
- Kandalakshskoye Rural Community
- Kansas
- Kingdom of Italy
- Nevada Territory
- Ormsby County, Nevada
- Pechengskoye Rural Community
- Restored Government of Virginia
- Roop County, Nevada
- Southland Province
- State of Kanawha
- State of Scott
- Voronyinskoye Rural Community
References
Also known as Administrative subdivisions of Italy, Biodiversity in Italy, Biodiversity of Italy, Environment of Italy, Environmental issues in Italy, Etymology of Italy, ISO 3166-1:IT, Infrastructure in Italy, Itali, Itàlia, Italian Republic, Italie, Italija, Italiën, Itlay, Pollution in Italy, Repubblica Italiana, Republic of Italy, Roman New Republic, Subdivisions of Italy, The Italian Republic.
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for International Peace, Carrara marble, Cassata, Catalan language, Catanzaro, Catholic Church, Catholic Church by country, Catholic Church in Italy, Central European Initiative, Central European Summer Time, Central European Time, Central Intelligence Agency, Central Powers, Cesare Beccaria, Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Charlemagne, Charles VIII of France, Chernobyl disaster, Chianti, Christian Democracy (Italy), Christopher Columbus, Cicero, Cinecittà, Cinema of Italy, Cinema Paradiso, Cisalpine Gaul, Cispadane Republic, Citrus, Classical music, Classical school (criminology), Claudio Monteverdi, Colosseum, Commercial revolution, Comune, Congress of Vienna, Constantinople, Constituent Assembly of Italy, Constitution of Italy, Constitutional Court of Italy, Cooperative, Corps of the Port Captaincies – Coast Guard, Corsica, Council of Europe, Council of Trent, Counter-Reformation, Crimean War, Crotone, Crusades, Cultural hegemony, Culture of Europe, Culture of Italy, Dalmatia, Dante 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