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Japanese encephalitis

Index Japanese encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). [1]

115 relations: Antibody, Antigen, Apoptosis, Arctigenin, Asia, Asymptomatic, Australia, Autoimmunity, Autotoxicity, Biological E. Limited, Blood–brain barrier, Booster dose, Brain, Cachexia, Cambodia, Capsid, Cell culture, Cell membrane, Central nervous system, Cerebrospinal fluid, Chemokine, China, CLEC5A, Culex, Culex bitaeniorhynchus, Culex gelidus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Curcumin, Degree of polymerization, ELISA, Encephalitis, Endoplasmic reticulum, Epileptic seizure, Federation of Malaya, Feeding tube, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus, Formaldehyde, Gracilaria, Helicase, Hemiparesis, Hippocampus, Hives, Horse, Immunity (medical), Immunofluorescence, In vitro, Inactivated vaccine, Incubation period, India, ..., Infectious disease (medical specialty), Intellectual disability, Intercell, Interleukin-1 family, Intracranial pressure, Japan, Japanese encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, Journal of Medical Entomology, Kachin State, Lumen (anatomy), Macrophage, Malaise, Malaysia, Malkangiri district, Mannitol, Mechanical ventilation, Microarray, Microglia, Minocycline, Monocyte, Monostroma, Mosquito, Murinae, Myalgia, Myanmar, Nepal, Neuroblastoma, Neuroinflammation, Neuron, Neurotoxin, Neurotransmitter, Oligosaccharide, Outbreak, Pacific Ocean, Pig, Placebo, Polymerase, Proinflammatory cytokine, Prostaglandin, Proteasome, Reactive oxygen species, RNA, Rosmarinic acid, Saint Louis encephalitis, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Striatum, Symptom, Taiwan, Testicle, Thailand, Thalamus, Therapy, Thiomersal, Torres Strait Islands, Transcriptomics technologies, Transmission (medicine), Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Urbanization, Vaccine, Vietnam, West Nile virus, White blood cell, WikiVet. Expand index (65 more) »

Antibody

An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

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Antigen

In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

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Arctigenin

Arctigenin is a lignan found in certain plants of the Asteraceae, including the greater burdock (Arctium lappa) and ''Saussurea heteromalla''.

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Asia

Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.

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Asymptomatic

In medicine, a disease is considered asymptomatic if a patient is a carrier for a disease or infection but experiences no symptoms.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Autoimmunity

Autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells and tissues.

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Autotoxicity

Autotoxicity is a biological phenomenon whereby a species inhibits growth or reproduction of members of that same species through the production of chemicals that are released into the environment.

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Biological E. Limited

Biological E limited is a privately held biopharmaceutical company based in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

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Blood–brain barrier

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable membrane barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid in the central nervous system (CNS).

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Booster dose

In medical terms, a booster dose is an extra administration of a vaccine after an earlier (prime) dose.

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Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

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Cachexia

Cachexia, or wasting syndrome, is loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight.

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Cambodia

Cambodia (កម្ពុជា, or Kampuchea:, Cambodge), officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia (ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə,; Royaume du Cambodge), is a sovereign state located in the southern portion of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.

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Capsid

A capsid is the protein shell of a virus.

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Cell culture

Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside their natural environment.

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Cell membrane

The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space).

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Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

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Cerebrospinal fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord.

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Chemokine

Chemokines (Greek -kinos, movement) are a family of small cytokines, or signaling proteins secreted by cells.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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CLEC5A

C-type lectin domain family 5 member A or CLEC5A, also known as C-type lectin superfamily member 5 (CLECSF5) and myeloid DAP12-associating lectin 1 (MDL1) is a C-type lectin that in humans is encoded by the CLEC5A gene.

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Culex

Culex is a genus of mosquitoes, several species of which serve as vectors of one or more important diseases of birds, humans, and other animals.

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Culex bitaeniorhynchus

Culex (Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus Culex.

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Culex gelidus

Culex (Culex) gelidus is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus Culex.

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Culex tritaeniorhynchus

Culex (Culex) tritaeniorhynchus is a species of mosquito and is the main vector of the disease Japanese encephalitis.

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Curcumin

Curcumin is a bright yellow chemical produced by some plants.

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Degree of polymerization

The degree of polymerization, or DP, is the number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule.

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ELISA

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a test that uses antibodies and color change to identify a substance.

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Encephalitis

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.

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Endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae.

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Epileptic seizure

An epileptic seizure is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.

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Federation of Malaya

The Federation of Malaya (Persekutuan Tanah Melayu; Jawi: ڤرسكوتوان تانه ملايو) was a federation of 11 states (nine Malay states and two of the British Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca)See: Cabinet Memorandum by the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

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Feeding tube

A feeding tube is a medical device used to provide nutrition to people who cannot obtain nutrition by mouth, are unable to swallow safely, or need nutritional supplementation.

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Flaviviridae

Flaviviridae is a family of viruses.

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Flavivirus

Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae.

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Formaldehyde

No description.

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Gracilaria

Gracilaria is a genus of red algae (Rhodophyta) notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte, as well as its use as a food for humans and various species of shellfish.

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Helicase

Helicases are a class of enzymes vital to all living organisms.

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Hemiparesis

Hemiparesis, or unilateral paresis, is weakness of one entire side of the body (hemi- means "half").

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Hippocampus

The hippocampus (named after its resemblance to the seahorse, from the Greek ἱππόκαμπος, "seahorse" from ἵππος hippos, "horse" and κάμπος kampos, "sea monster") is a major component of the brains of humans and other vertebrates.

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Hives

Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps.

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Horse

The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''.

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Immunity (medical)

In biology, immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases.

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Immunofluorescence

Immunofluorescence is a technique used for light microscopy with a fluorescence microscope and is used primarily on microbiological samples.

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In vitro

In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.

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Inactivated vaccine

An inactivated vaccine (or killed vaccine) is a vaccine consisting of virus particles, bacteria, or other pathogens that have been grown in culture and then killed using a method such as heat or formaldehyde.

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Incubation period

Incubation period is the time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Infectious disease (medical specialty)

Infectious disease, also known as infectious diseases, infectious medicine, infectious disease medicine or infectiology, is a medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis, control and treatment of infections.

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Intellectual disability

Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability, and mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.

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Intercell

Intercell AG was a biotechnology company based in Vienna which focused on the development of modern prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against infectious diseases.

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Interleukin-1 family

The Interleukin-1 family (IL-1 family) is a group of 11 cytokines that plays a central role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses to infections or sterile insults.

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Intracranial pressure

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure inside the skull and thus in the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Japanese encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).

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Japanese encephalitis vaccine

Japanese encephalitis vaccine is a vaccine that protects against Japanese encephalitis.

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Journal of Medical Entomology

The Journal of Medical Entomology is a peer-review bimonthly scientific journal published by Oxford University Press for the Entomological Society of America.

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Kachin State

Kachin State (Kachin: Jingphaw Mungdaw; ကခ်င္ျပည္နယ္) is the northernmost state of Myanmar.

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Lumen (anatomy)

In biology, a lumen (plural lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine.

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Macrophage

Macrophages (big eaters, from Greek μακρός (makrós).

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Malaise

Malaise is a feeling of general discomfort, uneasiness or pain, often the first indication of an infection or other disease.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Malkangiri district

Malkangiri district is a district of the state of Odisha, India.

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Mannitol

Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol which is also used as a medication.

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Mechanical ventilation

Mechanical ventilation is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator or the breathing may be assisted by an anesthesiologist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, physician, physician assistant, respiratory therapist, paramedic, EMT, or other suitable person compressing a bag or set of bellows. Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument penetrating the trachea through the mouth, such as an endotracheal tube or the skin, such as a tracheostomy tube. There are two main types: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure ventilation, where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs. There are many modes of mechanical ventilation, and their nomenclature has been revised over the decades as the technology has continually developed.

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Microarray

A microarray is a multiplex lab-on-a-chip.

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Microglia

Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord.

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Minocycline

Minocycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, and has a broader spectrum than the other members of the group.

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Monocyte

Monocytes are a type of leukocyte, or white blood cell.

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Monostroma

Monostroma is a genus of marine green algae (seaweed) in the family Monostromataceae.

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Mosquito

Mosquitoes are small, midge-like flies that constitute the family Culicidae.

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Murinae

The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species.

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Myalgia

Myalgia, or muscle pain, is a symptom of many diseases and disorders.

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Myanmar

Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.

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Nepal

Nepal (नेपाल), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल), is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

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Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a type of cancer that forms in certain types of nerve tissue. It most frequently starts from one of the adrenal glands, but can also develop in the neck, chest, abdomen, or spine. Symptoms may include bone pain, a lump in the abdomen, neck, or chest, or a painless bluish lump under the skin. Occasionally, neuroblastoma may be due to a mutation inherited from a person's parents. Environmental factors have not been found to be involved. Diagnosis is based on a tissue biopsy. Occasionally it may be found in a baby by ultrasound during pregnancy. At diagnosis, the cancer has usually already spread. The cancer is divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups based on a child's age, cancer stage, and what the cancer looks like. Treatment and outcomes depends on the risk group a person is in. Treatments may include observation, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or stem cell transplantation. Low-risk disease in babies typically has a good outcome with surgery or simply observation. In high-risk disease, chances of long-term survival, however, are less than 40% despite aggressive treatment. Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in babies and the third-most common cancer in children after leukemia and brain cancer. About one in every 7,000 children is affected at some time. About 90% of cases occur in children less than 5 years old and it is rare in adults. Of cancer deaths in children, about 15% are due to neuroblastoma. The disease was first described in the 1800s.

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Neuroinflammation

Neuroinflammation is inflammation of the nervous tissue.

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Neuron

A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.

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Neurotoxin

Neurotoxins are toxins that are poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity).

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Neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.

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Oligosaccharide

An oligosaccharide (from the Greek ὀλίγος olígos, "a few", and σάκχαρ sácchar, "sugar") is a saccharide polymer containing a small number (typically three to ten) of monosaccharides (simple sugars).

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Outbreak

In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease in a particular time and place.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.

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Pig

A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae.

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Placebo

A placebo is a substance or treatment of no intended therapeutic value.

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Polymerase

A polymerase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids.

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Proinflammatory cytokine

A proinflammatory cytokine or more simply an inflammatory cytokine is a type of signaling molecule (a cytokine) that is excreted from immune cells like helper T cells (Th) and macrophages, and certain other cell types that promote inflammation.

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Prostaglandin

The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects in animals.

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Proteasome

Proteasomes are protein complexes which degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds.

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Reactive oxygen species

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.

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RNA

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

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Rosmarinic acid

Rosmarinic acid is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants.

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Saint Louis encephalitis

Saint Louis encephalitis is a disease caused by the mosquito borne Saint Louis encephalitis virus.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.

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Striatum

The striatum, or corpus striatum (also called the neostriatum and the striate nucleus) is a nucleus (a cluster of neurons) in the subcortical basal ganglia of the forebrain.

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Symptom

A symptom (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident, misfortune, that which befalls", from συμπίπτω, "I befall", from συν- "together, with" and πίπτω, "I fall") is a departure from normal function or feeling which is noticed by a patient, reflecting the presence of an unusual state, or of a disease.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.

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Testicle

The testicle or testis is the male reproductive gland in all animals, including humans.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.

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Thalamus

The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is the large mass of gray matter in the dorsal part of the diencephalon of the brain with several functions such as relaying of sensory signals, including motor signals, to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

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Therapy

Therapy (often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx) is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis.

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Thiomersal

Thiomersal (INN), or thimerosal (USAN, JAN), is an organomercury compound.

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Torres Strait Islands

The Torres Strait Islands are a group of at least 274 small islands which lie in Torres Strait, the waterway separating far northern continental Australia's Cape York Peninsula and the island of New Guinea.

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Transcriptomics technologies

Transcriptomics technologies are the techniques used to study an organism’s transcriptome, the sum of all of its RNA transcripts.

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Transmission (medicine)

In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.

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Tumor necrosis factor alpha

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα, cachexin, or cachectin) is a cell signaling protein (cytokine) involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines that make up the acute phase reaction.

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Urbanization

Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban residency, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to this change.

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Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

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Vietnam

Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.

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West Nile virus

West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever.

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White blood cell

White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

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WikiVet

WikiVet is a wiki of veterinary content based on the MediaWiki platform.

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Encephalitis virus, japanese, Encephalitis viruses, japanese, Encephalitis, Japanese, Encephalitis, japanese, JEV, Japanese B encephalitis, Japanese Encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis virus, 日本脳炎.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_encephalitis

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