Lanthanide and Monazite

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Difference between Lanthanide and Monazite

Lanthanide vs. Monazite

The lanthanide or lanthanoid series of chemical elements comprises the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium. Monazite is a reddish-brown phosphate mineral containing rare-earth metals.

Bastnäsite

The mineral bastnäsite (or bastnaesite) is one of a family of three carbonate-fluoride minerals, which includes bastnäsite-(Ce) with a formula of (Ce, La)CO3F, bastnäsite-(La) with a formula of (La, Ce)CO3F, and bastnäsite-(Y) with a formula of (Y, Ce)CO3F.

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Cerium

Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58.

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Europium

Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63.

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Gadolinium

Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64.

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Lanthanum

Lanthanum is a chemical element with symbol La and atomic number 57.

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Neodymium

Neodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60.

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Praseodymium

Praseodymium is a chemical element with symbol Pr and atomic number 59.

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Rare-earth element

A rare-earth element (REE) or rare-earth metal (REM), as defined by IUPAC, is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium.

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Samarium

Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62.

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Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·n. The monohydrate NaOH· crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, it is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes.

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Thorium

Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.

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Yttrium

Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39.

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