Linux and List of Linux distributions

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Difference between Linux and List of Linux distributions

Linux vs. List of Linux distributions

Linux is both an open-source Unix-like kernel and a generic name for a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. This page provides general information about notable Linux distributions in the form of a categorized list.

Alpine Linux

Alpine Linux is a Linux distribution designed to be small, simple, and secure.

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Android (operating system)

Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.

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Apple silicon

Apple silicon refers to a series of system on a chip (SoC) and system in a package (SiP) processors designed by Apple Inc., mainly using the ARM architecture.

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APT (software)

Advanced package tool, or APT, is a free-software user interface that works with core libraries to handle the installation and removal of software on Debian and Debian-based Linux distributions.

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Arch Linux

Arch Linux is an independently developed x86-64 general-purpose Linux distribution that strives to provide the latest stable versions of most software by following a rolling-release model.

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Blend word

In linguistics, a blend—also known as a blend word, lexical blend, or portmanteau—is a word formed, usually intentionally, by combining the sounds and meanings of two or more words.

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BusyBox

BusyBox is a software suite that provides several Unix utilities in a single executable file.

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Canonical (company)

Canonical Ltd. is a privately held computer software company based in London, England.

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Chromebook

Chromebook (sometimes stylized in lowercase as chromebook) is a line of laptop and tablet computers that runs using ChromeOS, an operating system developed by Google.

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ChromeOS

ChromeOS, sometimes styled as chromeOS and formerly styled as Chrome OS, is a Linux distribution developed and designed by Google.

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Cinnamon (desktop environment)

Cinnamon is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems, which was originally based on GNOME 3, but follows traditional desktop metaphor conventions.

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Comparison of Linux distributions

Technical variations of Linux distributions include support for different hardware devices and systems or software package configurations.

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Computer cluster

A computer cluster is a set of computers that work together so that they can be viewed as a single system.

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Debian

Debian, also known as Debian GNU/Linux, is a Linux distribution composed of free and open-source software and optionally non-free firmware or software developed by the community-supported Debian Project, which was established by Ian Murdock on August 16, 1993.

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Desktop environment

In computing, a desktop environment (DE) is an implementation of the desktop metaphor made of a bundle of programs running on top of a computer operating system that share a common graphical user interface (GUI), sometimes described as a graphical shell.

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Dpkg

dpkg is the software at the base of the package management system in the free operating system Debian and its numerous derivatives.

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Dwm

dwm is a minimalist dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed by Suckless that has influenced the development of several other X window managers, including xmonad and awesome.

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Elementary OS

elementary OS is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu LTS.

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Embedded system

An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system.

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Enlightenment (window manager)

Enlightenment, also known simply as E, is a compositing window manager for the X Window System.

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Fedora Linux

Fedora Linux is a Linux distribution developed by the Fedora Project.

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File system

In computing, a file system or filesystem (often abbreviated to FS or fs) governs file organization and access.

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Fork (software development)

In software engineering, a project fork happens when developers take a copy of source code from one software package and start independent development on it, creating a distinct and separate piece of software.

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France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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Free and open-source software

Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software that is available under a license that grants the right to use, modify, and distribute the software, modified or not, to everyone free of charge.

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Free software

Free software, libre software, libreware or rarely known as freedom-respecting software is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions.

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Free Software Foundation

The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on October 4, 1985, to support the free software movement, with the organization's preference for software being distributed under copyleft ("share alike") terms, such as with its own GNU General Public License.

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Gentoo Linux

Gentoo Linux (pronounced) is a Linux distribution built using the Portage package management system.

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Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

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GNOME

GNOME, originally an acronym for GNU Network Object Model Environment, is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial intelligence (AI).

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Graphical user interface

A graphical user interface, or GUI, is a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation.

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GTK

GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free software cross-platform widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company, commonly shortened to Hewlett-Packard or HP, was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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I3 (window manager)

i3 is a tiling window manager designed for X11, inspired by wmii and written in C. It supports tiling, stacking, and tabbing layouts, which are handled manually.

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Init

In Unix-based computer operating systems, init (short for initialization) is the first process started during booting of the operating system.

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Intel

Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware.

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KDE

KDE is an international free software community that develops free and open-source software.

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KDE Plasma

Plasma is a set of graphical shells developed by KDE for Unix-like operating systems.

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KDE Plasma 5

KDE Plasma 5 is the fifth generation of the KDE Plasma graphical workspaces environment, created by KDE primarily for Linux systems.

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LAMP (software bundle)

A LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python) is one of the most common software stacks for the web's most popular applications.

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Linux distribution

A Linux distribution (often abbreviated as distro) is an operating system made from a software collection that includes the Linux kernel and often a package management system.

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Linux kernel

The Linux kernel is a free and open source, UNIX-like kernel that is used in many computer systems worldwide.

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LXDE

LXDE (abbreviation for Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment) is a free desktop environment with comparatively low resource requirements.

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Mac (computer)

Mac, short for Macintosh (its official name until 1999), is a family of personal computers designed and marketed by Apple.

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MacOS

macOS, originally Mac OS X, previously shortened as OS X, is an operating system developed and marketed by Apple since 2001.

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MATE (desktop environment)

MATE is a desktop environment composed of free and open-source software that runs on Linux, and other Unix-like operating systems such as BSD, and illumos operating systems.

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Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a product line of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft.

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Mobile device

A mobile device or handheld computer is a computer small enough to hold and operate in hand.

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Musl

musl is a C standard library intended for operating systems based on the Linux kernel, released under the MIT License.

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Netbook

A netbook is a small and inexpensive laptop designed primarily as a means of accessing the Internet.

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OpenRC

OpenRC is a dependency-based init system for Unix-like computer operating systems.

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OpenSUSE

openSUSE is a free and open-source Linux distribution developed by the openSUSE project.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.

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Oracle Corporation

Oracle Corporation is an American multinational computer technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas.

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Package manager

A package manager or package-management system is a collection of software tools that automates the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing computer programs for a computer in a consistent manner.

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Personal digital assistant

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a multi-purpose mobile device which functions as a personal information manager.

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Portage (software)

Portage is a package management system originally created for and used by Gentoo Linux and also by ChromeOS, Calculate, Sabayon, and Funtoo Linux among others.

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PowerPC

PowerPC (with the backronym Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing, sometimes abbreviated as PPC) is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–Motorola alliance, known as AIM.

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Proprietary software

Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms.

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Ratpoison

ratpoison is a tiling window manager for the X Window System primarily developed by Shawn Betts.

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Red Hat

Red Hat, Inc. (formerly Red Hat Software, Inc.) is an American software company that provides open source software products to enterprises and is a subsidiary of IBM.

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a commercial open-source Linux distribution developed by Red Hat for the commercial market.

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Red Hat Linux

Red Hat Linux was a widely used commercial open-source Linux distribution created by Red Hat until its discontinuation in 2004.

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Red Star OS

Red Star OS is a North Korean Linux distribution, with development first starting in 1998 at the Korea Computer Center (KCC).

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RPM Package Manager

RPM Package Manager (RPM) (originally Red Hat Package Manager, now a recursive acronym) is a free and open-source package management system.

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Smart TV

A smart TV, also known as a connected TV (CTV), is a traditional television set with integrated Internet and interactive Web 2.0 features that allow users to stream music and videos, browse the internet, and view photos.

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Smartphone

A smartphone, often simply called a phone, is a mobile device that combines the functionality of a traditional mobile phone with advanced computing capabilities.

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Steam Deck

The Steam Deck is a handheld gaming computer developed by Valve and released on February 25, 2022.

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SteamOS

SteamOS is a Linux distribution developed by Valve.

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SUSE Linux

SUSE Linux is a computer operating system developed by SUSE.

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SUSE Linux Enterprise

SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) is a Linux-based operating system developed by SUSE.

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SUSE S.A.

SUSE S.A. is a Luxembourgish multinational open-source software company that develops and sells Linux products to business customers.

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Systemd

systemd is a software suite that provides an array of system components for Linux operating systems.

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Tablet computer

A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a mobile device, typically with a mobile operating system and touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single, thin and flat package.

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Tar (computing)

In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes.

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Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a Linux distribution derived from Debian and composed mostly of free and open-source software.

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Unix

Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.

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Valve Corporation

Valve Corporation, also known as Valve Software, is an American video game developer, publisher, and digital distribution company headquartered in Bellevue, Washington.

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Video games and Linux

Linux-based operating systems can be used for playing video games.

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Void Linux

Void Linux is an independent Linux distribution that uses the X Binary Package System (XBPS) package manager, which was designed and implemented from scratch, and the runit init system.

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Xfce

Xfce or XFCE (pronounced as four individual letters) is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems.

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Yum (software)

The Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) is a free and open-source command-line package-management utility for computers running the Linux operating system using the RPM Package Manager.

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ZDNET

ZDNET is a business technology news website owned and operated by Red Ventures.

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