Linux and Research Unix

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Difference between Linux and Research Unix

Linux vs. Research Unix

Linux is both an open-source Unix-like kernel and a generic name for a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. The term "Research Unix" refers to early versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center (CSRC).

AWK

AWK is a domain-specific language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool.

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BASIC

BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use.

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Bell Labs

Bell Labs is an American industrial research and scientific development company credited with the development of radio astronomy, the transistor, the laser, the photovoltaic cell, the charge-coupled device (CCD), information theory, the Unix operating system, and the programming languages B, C, C++, S, SNOBOL, AWK, AMPL, and others.

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C (programming language)

C (pronounced – like the letter c) is a general-purpose programming language.

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Compiler

In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language).

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Dennis Ritchie

Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist.

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Douglas McIlroy

Malcolm Douglas McIlroy (born 1932) is an American mathematician, engineer, and programmer.

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Fortran

Fortran (formerly FORTRAN) is a third generation, compiled, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.

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Free and open-source software

Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software that is available under a license that grants the right to use, modify, and distribute the software, modified or not, to everyone free of charge.

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Grep

grep is a command-line utility for searching plaintext datasets for lines that match a regular expression.

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Init

In Unix-based computer operating systems, init (short for initialization) is the first process started during booting of the operating system.

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Inter-process communication

In computer science, inter-process communication (IPC), also spelled interprocess communication, are the mechanisms provided by an operating system for processes to manage shared data.

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Lisp (programming language)

Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation.

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List of POSIX commands

This is a list of POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) commands as specified by IEEE Std 1003.1-2024, which is part of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS).

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Make (software)

In software development, Make is a command-line interface (CLI) software tool that performs actions ordered by configured dependencies as defined in a configuration file called a makefile.

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Minix

MINIX (from mini-Unix) is a Unix-like operating system based on a microkernel architecture.

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Pascal (programming language)

Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, designed by Niklaus Wirth as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring.

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Sed

sed ("stream editor") is a Unix utility that parses and transforms text, using a simple, compact programming language.

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Software license

A software license is a legal instrument governing the use or redistribution of software.

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Tar (computing)

In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes.

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Unix

Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.

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Unix-like

A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X or *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification.

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