OutgoingIncoming

🌟We've simplified our design for better navigation!

Table of Contents

1. 872 relations: Abel Tasman, Abomey, Achelous River, Achilles, Aconcagua River, Acts of Union 1707, Aegean Sea, Afghanistan, Afrikaans, Akaba of Dahomey, Akkadian language, Albania, Albanians, Alemannic German, Alexander the Great, Alfred the Great, Algeria, Algiers, Algonquin language, Almagest, American Civil War, Amerigo Vespucci, Amphictyon, Amphictyonic league, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul, Ancient Greek, Ancient Rome, Andorra, Anglicisation, Angola, Anna Komnene, Antigua and Barbuda, Antonio José de Sucre, Aotearoa, Apollo, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabs, Aramaic, Arame of Urartu, Aras (river), Arawak, Aristotle, Armenian language, Arthashastra, Asunción, Atlantic slave trade, Atropatene, Aurochs, ... Expand index (822 more) » « Shrink index

2. Lists of country names
3. Lists of place name etymologies

Abel Tasman

Abel Janszoon Tasman (160310 October 1659) was a Dutch seafarer and explorer, best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644 in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC).

See List of country-name etymologies and Abel Tasman

Abomey

Abomey is the capital of the Zou Department of Benin.

See List of country-name etymologies and Abomey

Achelous River

The Achelous (Αχελώος, Ἀχελῷος Akhelôios), also Acheloos, is a river in Epirus, western Greece.

See List of country-name etymologies and Achelous River

Achilles

In Greek mythology, Achilles or Achilleus (Achilleús) was a hero of the Trojan War who was known as being the greatest of all the Greek warriors.

See List of country-name etymologies and Achilles

Aconcagua River

The Aconcagua River is a river in Chile that rises from the conflux of two minor tributary rivers at above sea level in the Andes, Juncal River from the east (which rise in the Nevado Juncal) and Blanco River from the south east.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aconcagua River

Acts of Union 1707

The Acts of Union refer to two Acts of Parliament, one by the Parliament of England in 1706, the other by the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.

See List of country-name etymologies and Acts of Union 1707

Aegean Sea

The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aegean Sea

Afghanistan

Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Afghanistan

Afrikaans

Afrikaans is a West Germanic language, spoken in South Africa, Namibia and (to a lesser extent) Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Afrikaans

Akaba of Dahomey

Akaba also known as Adahunzo or Housseou was an early King of the Kingdom of Dahomey, in present-day Benin, from 1685 until c.1716.

See List of country-name etymologies and Akaba of Dahomey

Akkadian language

Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Akkadian language

Albania

Albania (Shqipëri or Shqipëria), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Albania

Albanians

The Albanians (Shqiptarët) are an ethnic group native to the Balkan Peninsula who share a common Albanian ancestry, culture, history and language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Albanians

Alemannic German

Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (Alemannisch), is a group of High German dialects.

See List of country-name etymologies and Alemannic German

Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Alexander the Great

Alfred the Great

Alfred the Great (also spelled Ælfred; – 26 October 899) was King of the West Saxons from 871 to 886, and King of the Anglo-Saxons from 886 until his death in 899.

See List of country-name etymologies and Alfred the Great

Algeria

Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Algeria

Algiers

Algiers (al-Jazāʾir) is the capital and largest city of Algeria, located in the north-central part of the country.

See List of country-name etymologies and Algiers

Algonquin language

Algonquin (also spelled Algonkin; in Algonquin: Anicinàbemowin or Anishinàbemiwin) is either a distinct Algonquian language closely related to the Ojibwe language or a particularly divergent Ojibwe dialect.

See List of country-name etymologies and Algonquin language

Almagest

The Almagest is a 2nd-century mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths, written by Claudius Ptolemy in Koine Greek.

See List of country-name etymologies and Almagest

American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.

See List of country-name etymologies and American Civil War

Amerigo Vespucci

Amerigo Vespucci (9 March 1451 – 22 February 1512) was an Italian explorer and navigator from the Republic of Florence, from whose name the term "America" is derived.

See List of country-name etymologies and Amerigo Vespucci

Amphictyon

Amphictyon or Amphiktyon (Ἀμφικτύων), in Greek mythology, was a king of Thermopylae and later Athens.

See List of country-name etymologies and Amphictyon

Amphictyonic league

In Archaic Greece, an amphictyony (ἀμφικτυονία, a "league of neighbors"), or Amphictyonic League, was an ancient religious association of tribes formed before the rise of the Greek polis.

See List of country-name etymologies and Amphictyonic league

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul

The ancient Egyptians believed that a soul (kꜣ and bꜣ; Egypt. pron. ka/ba) was made up of many parts.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ancient Greek

Ancient Rome

In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ancient Rome

Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is a sovereign landlocked country on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south.

See List of country-name etymologies and Andorra

Anglicisation

Anglicisation is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into, influenced by or dominated by the culture of England.

See List of country-name etymologies and Anglicisation

Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-central coast of Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Angola

Anna Komnene

Anna Komnene (Ánna Komnēnḗ; 1 December 1083 – 1153), commonly Latinized as Anna Comnena, was a Byzantine Greek princess and historian.

See List of country-name etymologies and Anna Komnene

Antigua and Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda is a sovereign island country in the Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Antigua and Barbuda

Antonio José de Sucre

Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá (3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" ("Grand Marshal of Ayacucho"), was a Venezuelan general and politician who served as the president of Bolivia from 1825 to 1828.

See List of country-name etymologies and Antonio José de Sucre

Aotearoa

Aotearoa is the Māori-language name for New Zealand. List of country-name etymologies and Aotearoa are country name etymology.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aotearoa

Apollo

Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.

See List of country-name etymologies and Apollo

Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arabian Peninsula

Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arabic

Arabs

The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arabs

Aramaic

Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aramaic

Arame of Urartu

Arame or Aramu (Armenian: Արամե) (Ruled 858–844 BC) was the first known king of Urartu.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arame of Urartu

Aras (river)

The Aras (also known as the Araks, Arax, Araxes, or Araz) is a river in the Caucasus.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aras (river)

Arawak

The Arawak are a group of Indigenous peoples of northern South America and of the Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arawak

Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aristotle

Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Armenian language

Arthashastra

The Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्रम्) is an Ancient Indian Sanskrit treatise on statecraft, political science, economic policy and military strategy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Arthashastra

Asunción

Asunción is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay.

See List of country-name etymologies and Asunción

Atlantic slave trade

The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people to the Americas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Atlantic slave trade

Atropatene

Atropatene (Ātṛpātakāna; Pahlavi: Ādurbādagān Ἀτροπατηνή), also known as Media Atropatene, was an ancient Iranian kingdom established in by the Persian satrap Atropates.

See List of country-name etymologies and Atropatene

Aurochs

The aurochs (Bos primigenius) is an extinct cattle species, considered to be the wild ancestor of modern domestic cattle.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aurochs

Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

See List of country-name etymologies and Austria-Hungary

Austrian Netherlands

The Austrian Netherlands Oostenrijkse Nederlanden; Pays-Bas Autrichiens; Österreichische Niederlande; Belgium Austriacum.

See List of country-name etymologies and Austrian Netherlands

Avestan

Avestan is an umbrella term for two Old Iranian languages, Old Avestan (spoken in the 2nd to 1st millennium BC) and Younger Avestan (spoken in the 1st millennium BC).

See List of country-name etymologies and Avestan

Axum

Axum, also spelled Aksum (pronounced), is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia with a population of 66,900 residents (as of 2015).

See List of country-name etymologies and Axum

Aymara language

Aymara (also Aymar aru) is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara people of the Bolivian Andes.

See List of country-name etymologies and Aymara language

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Azerbaijan

Azores

The Azores (Açores), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (Região Autónoma dos Açores), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with Madeira).

See List of country-name etymologies and Azores

Éire

Éire is the Irish Gaelic name for "Ireland".

See List of country-name etymologies and Éire

Ériu

In Irish mythology, Ériu (Éire), daughter of Delbáeth and Ernmas of the Tuatha Dé Danann, was the eponymous matron goddess of Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ériu

Baiyue

The Baiyue, Hundred Yue, or simply Yue, were various ethnic groups who inhabited the regions of Southern China and Northern Vietnam during the 1st millennium BC and 1st millennium AD.

See List of country-name etymologies and Baiyue

Balochistan, Pakistan

Balochistan (بلۏچستان; بلوچستان) is a province of Pakistan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Balochistan, Pakistan

Baltic Germans

Baltic Germans (Deutsch-Balten or Deutschbalten, later BaltendeutscheАндреева Н. С.2001. Кто такие «остзейцы»? (pp 173-175). Вопросы истории. No 10 173—175-->) are ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Baltic Germans

Baltic languages

The Baltic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively or as a second language by a population of about 6.5–7.0 million people mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the Baltic Sea in Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Baltic languages

Balts

The Balts or Baltic peoples (baltai, balti) are a group of peoples inhabiting the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea who speak Baltic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Balts

Bambara language

Bambara, also known as Bamana (N'Ko script: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲) or Bamanankan (N'Ko script: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲ߞߊ߲; Arabic script: بَمَنَنكَن), is a lingua franca and national language of Mali spoken by perhaps 14 million people, natively by 4.2 million Bambara people and about 10 million second-language users.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bambara language

Banba

In Irish mythology, Banba (modern spelling: Banbha), daughter of Delbáeth and Ernmas of the Tuatha Dé Danann, is a matron goddess of Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Banba

Bangladesh

Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bangladesh

Barbados

Barbados is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the Caribbean region next to North America and north of South America, and is the most easterly of the Caribbean islands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Barbados

Barbuda

Barbuda is an island and dependency located in the eastern Caribbean forming part of the twin-island state of Antigua and Barbuda as an autonomous entity.

See List of country-name etymologies and Barbuda

Bartolomé de las Casas

Bartolomé de las Casas, OP (11 November 1484 – 18 July 1566) was a Spanish clergyman, writer, and activist best known for his work as an historian and social reformer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bartolomé de las Casas

Basque language

Basque (euskara) is the only surviving Paleo-European language spoken in Europe, predating the arrival of speakers of the Indo-European languages that dominate the continent today. Basque is spoken by the Basques and other residents of the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France.

See List of country-name etymologies and Basque language

Basutoland

Basutoland was a British Crown colony that existed from 1884 to 1966 in present-day Lesotho, bordered with the Cape Colony, Natal Colony and Orange River Colony until 1910 and completely surrounded by South Africa from 1910.

See List of country-name etymologies and Basutoland

Batavi (Germanic tribe)

The Batavi were an ancient Germanic tribe that lived around the modern Dutch Rhine delta in the area that the Romans called Batavia, from the second half of the first century BC to the third century AD.

See List of country-name etymologies and Batavi (Germanic tribe)

Bảo Đại

Bảo Đại (大, lit. "keeper of greatness", 22 October 191331 July 1997), born Nguyễn Phúc (Phước) Vĩnh Thụy, was the 13th and final emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bảo Đại

Bechuanaland Protectorate

The Bechuanaland Protectorate was a protectorate established on 31 March 1885 in Southern Africa by the United Kingdom.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bechuanaland Protectorate

Bedouin

The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).

See List of country-name etymologies and Bedouin

Behistun Inscription

The Behistun Inscription (also Bisotun, Bisitun or Bisutun; بیستون, Old Persian: Bagastana, meaning "the place of god") is a multilingual Achaemenid royal inscription and large rock relief on a cliff at Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah Province of Iran, near the city of Kermanshah in western Iran, established by Darius the Great.

See List of country-name etymologies and Behistun Inscription

Beja, Portugal

Beja is a city and a municipality in the Alentejo region, Portugal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Beja, Portugal

Belarus

Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belarus

Belarusian language

Belarusian (label) is an East Slavic language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belarusian language

Belarusians

Belarusians (biełarusy) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belarusians

Belgae

The Belgae were a large confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel, the west bank of the Rhine, and the northern bank of the river Seine, from at least the third century BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belgae

Belgian Congo

The Belgian Congo (Congo belge,; Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960 and became the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville).

See List of country-name etymologies and Belgian Congo

Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belgium

Belize

Belize (Bileez) is a country on the north-eastern coast of Central America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Belize

Bengal

Geographical distribution of the Bengali language Bengal (Bôṅgo) or endonym Bangla (Bāṅlā) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bengal

Benin

Benin (Bénin, Benɛ, Benen), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin), and also known as Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Benin

Benin City

Benin City is the capital and largest city of Edo State, southern Nigeria.

See List of country-name etymologies and Benin City

Berber languages

The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages or Tamazight, are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Berber languages

Berbers

Berbers, or the Berber peoples, also called by their endonym Amazigh or Imazighen, are a diverse grouping of distinct ethnic groups indigenous to North Africa who predate the arrival of Arabs in the Arab migrations to the Maghreb.

See List of country-name etymologies and Berbers

Berlin Conference

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 met on 15 November 1884 and, after an adjournment, concluded on 26 February 1885 with the signature of a General Act, by Keith, Arthur Berriedale, 1919, p. 52.

See List of country-name etymologies and Berlin Conference

Bible

The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία,, 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures, some, all, or a variant of which are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and other Abrahamic religions.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bible

Bight of Benin

The Bight of Benin or Bay of Benin is a bight in the Gulf of Guinea area on the western African coast that derives its name from the historical Kingdom of Benin.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bight of Benin

Biscay

Biscay (Bizkaia; Vizcaya) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Vascongadas, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay.

See List of country-name etymologies and Biscay

Black Ruthenia

Black Ruthenia (Ruthenia Nigra), or Black Rus' (translit; Juodoji Rusia; Ruś Czarna), is a historical region on the Upper Neman, including Novogrudok, Grodno and Slonim.

See List of country-name etymologies and Black Ruthenia

Black Sea

The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Black Sea

Boeotia

Boeotia, sometimes Latinized as Boiotia or Beotia (Βοιωτία; modern:; ancient) is one of the regional units of Greece.

See List of country-name etymologies and Boeotia

Bogotá

Bogotá (also), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá during the Spanish Colonial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, and one of the largest cities in the world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bogotá

Bohemia

Bohemia (Čechy; Böhmen; Čěska; Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bohemia

Boii

The Boii (Latin plural, singular Boius; Βόιοι) were a Celtic tribe of the later Iron Age, attested at various times in Cisalpine Gaul (present-day Northern Italy), Pannonia (present-day Austria and Hungary), present-day Bavaria, in and around present-day Bohemia (after whom the region is named in most languages; comprising the bulk of today's Czech Republic), parts of present-day Slovakia and Poland, and Gallia Narbonensis (located in modern Languedoc and Provence).

See List of country-name etymologies and Boii

Bokmål

Bokmål is one of the official written standards for the Norwegian language, alongside Nynorsk.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bokmål

Bolivia

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bolivia

Book of Genesis

The Book of Genesis (from Greek; בְּרֵאשִׁית|Bərēʾšīṯ|In beginning; Liber Genesis) is the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament.

See List of country-name etymologies and Book of Genesis

Borneo

Borneo (also known as Kalimantan in the Indonesian language) is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of.

See List of country-name etymologies and Borneo

Bosna (river)

The Bosna (Босна) is the third longest river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is considered one of the country's three major internal rivers, along with the Neretva and the Vrbas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bosna (river)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina (Босна и Херцеговина), sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnian language

Bosnian (bosanski / босански), sometimes referred to as Bosniak language, is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language mainly used by ethnic Bosniaks.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bosnian language

Botswana

Botswana, officially the Republic of Botswana, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Botswana

Brazil

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and Latin America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Brazil

Brazzaville

Brazzaville (Ntamo, Ntambo, Kintamo, Kintambo, Tandala, Mavula; Teke: M'fa, Mfaa, Mfa, MfoaRoman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2013, p. 60) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo (Congo Republic).

See List of country-name etymologies and Brazzaville

Breton language

Breton (brezhoneg or in Morbihan) is a Southwestern Brittonic language of the Celtic language group spoken in Brittany, part of modern-day France.

See List of country-name etymologies and Breton language

Brigid

Brigid or Brigit (meaning 'exalted one'),Campbell, Mike See also Xavier Delamarre, brigantion / brigant-, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise (Éditions Errance, 2003) pp.

See List of country-name etymologies and Brigid

British Guiana

British Guiana was a British colony, part of the mainland British West Indies.

See List of country-name etymologies and British Guiana

British Honduras

British Honduras was a Crown colony on the east coast of Central America, south of Mexico, from 1783 to 1964, then a self-governing colony, renamed Belize in June 1973,, Caribbean Community.

See List of country-name etymologies and British Honduras

British Somaliland

British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate (Maxmiyadda Dhulka Soomaalida), was a protectorate of the United Kingdom in modern Somaliland.

See List of country-name etymologies and British Somaliland

British Togoland

British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa under the administration of the United Kingdom, which subsequently entered a union with Ghana, part of which became its Volta Region.

See List of country-name etymologies and British Togoland

Brittany

Brittany (Bretagne,; Breizh,; Gallo: Bertaèyn or Bertègn) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation.

See List of country-name etymologies and Brittany

Bronze Age

The Bronze Age was a historical period lasting from approximately 3300 to 1200 BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bronze Age

Brunei

Brunei, officially Brunei Darussalam, is a country in Southeast Asia, situated on the northern coast of the island of Borneo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Brunei

Brutus of Troy

Brutus, also called Brute of Troy, is a mythical British king.

See List of country-name etymologies and Brutus of Troy

Bulgaria

Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the 16th largest country in Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bulgaria

Bulgars

The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari, Proto-Bulgarians) were Turkic semi-nomadic warrior tribes that flourished in the Pontic–Caspian steppe and the Volga region between the 5th and 7th centuries.

See List of country-name etymologies and Bulgars

Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Burkina Faso

Burmese language

Burmese is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Myanmar, where it is the official language, lingua franca, and the native language of the Bamar, the country's principal ethnic group.

See List of country-name etymologies and Burmese language

Business

Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (such as goods and services).

See List of country-name etymologies and Business

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR or Byelorussian SSR; Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка; Белорусская Советская Социалистическая Республика), also known as Byelorussia, was a republic of the Soviet Union (USSR).

See List of country-name etymologies and Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

Cacique

A cacique, sometimes spelled as cazique (feminine form: cacica), was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, who were the indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles at the time of European contact with those places.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cacique

Cailleach

In Gaelic (Irish, Scottish and Manx) myth, the Cailleach is a divine hag and ancestor, associated with the creation of the landscape and with the weather, especially storms and winter.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cailleach

Calabria

Calabria is a region in southern Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Calabria

Cambodia

Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cambodia

Cameroon

Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cameroon

Canada East

Canada East (Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada.

See List of country-name etymologies and Canada East

Canadian Confederation

Canadian Confederation (Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.

See List of country-name etymologies and Canadian Confederation

Cap-Vert

Cap-Vert, or the Cape Verde Peninsula, and Kap Weert or Bopp bu Nëtëx (in Wolof), is a peninsula in Senegal and the westernmost point of the continent of Africa and of the Afro-Eurasia mainland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cap-Vert

Carol I of Romania

Carol I or Charles I of Romania (born Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen; 20 April 1839 –), was the monarch of Romania from 1866 to his death in 1914, ruling as Prince (Domnitor) from 1866 to 1881, and as King from 1881 to 1914.

See List of country-name etymologies and Carol I of Romania

Carpathian Mountains

The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Carpathian Mountains

Catalan language

Catalan (or; autonym: català), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as Valencian (autonym: valencià), is a Western Romance language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Catalan language

Catalogue of Ships

The Catalogue of Ships (νεῶν κατάλογος, neōn katálogos) is an epic catalogue in Book 2 of Homer's Iliad (2.494–759), which lists the contingents of the Achaean army that sailed to Troy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Catalogue of Ships

Cathay

Cathay is a historical name for China that was used in Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cathay

Caucasian Albania

Caucasian Albania is a modern exonym for a former state located in ancient times in the Caucasus, mostly in what is now Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located).

See List of country-name etymologies and Caucasian Albania

Côte d'Ivoire

Côte d'Ivoire, also known as Ivory Coast and officially known as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Côte d'Ivoire

Cecil Rhodes

Cecil John Rhodes (5 July 185326 March 1902) was an English mining magnate and politician in southern Africa who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cecil Rhodes

Celtic languages

The Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family, descended from Proto-Celtic.

See List of country-name etymologies and Celtic languages

Celts

The Celts (see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples were a collection of Indo-European peoples.

See List of country-name etymologies and Celts

Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR), formerly known as Ubangi-Shari, is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Central African Republic

Chad

Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of North and Central Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Chad

Champa

Champa (Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ; ចាម្ប៉ា; Chiêm Thành 占城 or Chăm Pa 占婆) was a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is present-day central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century CE until 1832.

See List of country-name etymologies and Champa

Charlemagne

Charlemagne (2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor, of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire, from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814.

See List of country-name etymologies and Charlemagne

Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Chile

Chili pepper

Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli, are varieties of the berry-fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency.

See List of country-name etymologies and Chili pepper

China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and China

China proper

China proper, also called Inner China are terms used primarily in the West in reference to the traditional "core" regions of China centered in the southeast.

See List of country-name etymologies and China proper

Chinese characters

Chinese characters are logographs used to write the Chinese languages and others from regions historically influenced by Chinese culture.

See List of country-name etymologies and Chinese characters

Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus (between 25 August and 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer and navigator from the Republic of Genoa who completed four Spanish-based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Christopher Columbus

Civilization

A civilization (civilisation) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts).

See List of country-name etymologies and Civilization

Cognate

In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cognate

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Colombia

Comoros

The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelagic country made up of three islands in Southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Comoros

Comune

A comune (comuni) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality.

See List of country-name etymologies and Comune

Conakry

Conakry (Kɔnakiri) is the capital and largest city of Guinea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Conakry

Congo Free State

The Congo Free State, also known as the Independent State of the Congo (État indépendant du Congo), was a large state and absolute monarchy in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908.

See List of country-name etymologies and Congo Free State

Congo River

The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third-largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around.

See List of country-name etymologies and Congo River

Conquistador

Conquistadors or conquistadores (lit 'conquerors') was a term used to refer to Spanish and Portuguese colonialists of the early modern period.

See List of country-name etymologies and Conquistador

Constantine VII

Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Kōnstantinos Porphyrogennētos; 17 May 905 – 9 November 959) was the fourth Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty, reigning from 6 June 913 to 9 November 959.

See List of country-name etymologies and Constantine VII

Constitution of the United States

The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States.

See List of country-name etymologies and Constitution of the United States

Coptic language

Coptic (Bohairic Coptic) is a group of closely related Egyptian dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third century AD in Roman Egypt.

See List of country-name etymologies and Coptic language

Cornish language

Cornish (Standard Written Form: Kernewek or Kernowek) is a Southwestern Brittonic language of the Celtic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cornish language

Costa Rica

Costa Rica (literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in the Central American region of North America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Costa Rica

Country

A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity.

See List of country-name etymologies and Country

Creation myth

A creation myth or cosmogonic myth is a type of cosmogony, a symbolic narrative of how the world began and how people first came to inhabit it.

See List of country-name etymologies and Creation myth

Croatia

Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Croatia

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland

The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Corona Regni Poloniae) was a political and legal idea formed in the 14th century, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state.

See List of country-name etymologies and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland

Cuanza River

The Kwanza River, also known as the Coanza, the Quanza, and the Cuanza, is the longest river in Angola.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cuanza River

Cumae

Cumae ((Kumē) or Κύμαι or Κύμα; Cuma) was the first ancient Greek colony of Magna Graecia on the mainland of Italy and was founded by settlers from Euboea in the 8th century BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cumae

Cupressus

Cupressus is one of several genera of evergreen conifers within the family Cupressaceae that have the common name cypress; for the others, see cypress.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cupressus

Cush (Bible)

Cush or Kush (כּוּשׁ Kūš; ኩሽ), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the oldest son of Ham and a grandson of Noah.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cush (Bible)

Cyprus

Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cyprus

Cyrenaica

Cyrenaica or Kyrenaika (Barqah, Kurēnaïkḗ, after the city of Cyrene), is the eastern region of Libya.

See List of country-name etymologies and Cyrenaica

Czech language

Czech (čeština), historically also known as Bohemian (lingua Bohemica), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, written in Latin script.

See List of country-name etymologies and Czech language

Czech Republic

The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Czech Republic

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

See List of country-name etymologies and Czechoslovakia

Czechs

The Czechs (Češi,; singular Czech, masculine: Čech, singular feminine: Češka), or the Czech people (Český lid), are a West Slavic ethnic group and a nation native to the Czech Republic in Central Europe, who share a common ancestry, culture, history, and the Czech language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Czechs

Dacia

Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dacia

Dacians

The Dacians (Daci; loc Δάοι, Δάκαι) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dacians

Dahomey

The Kingdom of Dahomey was a West African kingdom located within present-day Benin that existed from approximately 1600 until 1904.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dahomey

Damballa

Damballa, also spelled Damballah, Dambala, Dambalah, among other variations (Danbala), is one of the most important of all loa, spirits in West African Vodun, Haitian Voodoo and other African diaspora religious traditions such as Obeah.

See List of country-name etymologies and Damballa

Danes (tribe)

The Danes were a North Germanic tribe inhabiting southern Scandinavia, including the area now comprising Denmark proper, northern and eastern England, and the Scanian provinces of modern-day southern Sweden, during the Nordic Iron Age and the Viking Age.

See List of country-name etymologies and Danes (tribe)

Darius the Great

Darius I (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE.

See List of country-name etymologies and Darius the Great

David Livingstone

David Livingstone (19 March 1813 – 1 May 1873) was a Scottish physician, Congregationalist, pioneer Christian missionary with the London Missionary Society, and an explorer in Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and David Livingstone

De Administrando Imperio

("On the Governance of the Empire") is the Latin title of a Greek-language work written by the 10th-century Eastern Roman Emperor Constantine VII.

See List of country-name etymologies and De Administrando Imperio

Dead Sea

The Dead Sea (al-Baḥr al-Mayyit, or label; Yām hamMelaḥ), also known by other names, is a landlocked salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Israel to the west.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dead Sea

Demeter

In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Demeter (Attic: Δημήτηρ Dēmḗtēr; Doric: Δαμάτηρ Dāmā́tēr) is the Olympian goddess of the harvest and agriculture, presiding over crops, grains, food, and the fertility of the earth.

See List of country-name etymologies and Demeter

Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Zaire, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Democratic Republic of the Congo

Demographics of Malaysia

The demographics of Malaysia are represented by the multiple ethnic groups that exist in the country.

See List of country-name etymologies and Demographics of Malaysia

Denmark

Denmark (Danmark) is a Nordic country in the south-central portion of Northern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Denmark

Deucalion

In Greek mythology, Deucalion (Δευκαλίων) was the son of Prometheus; ancient sources name his mother as Clymene, Hesione, or Pronoia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Deucalion

Dʿmt

Dʿmt (Unvocalized Ge'ez: ደዐመተ, DʿMT theoretically vocalized as ዳዓማት, *Daʿamat or ዳዕማት, *Daʿəmat) was a Sabean colony located in Eritrea and northern Ethiopia which existed between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dʿmt

Diadochi

The Diadochi (singular: Diadochos; from Successors) were the rival generals, families, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Diadochi

Diego de Almagro

Diego de Almagro (– July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits in western South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Diego de Almagro

Diminutive

A diminutive is a word obtained by modifying a root word to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment, and sometimes to derogatorily belittle something or someone.

See List of country-name etymologies and Diminutive

Diyarbakır

Diyarbakır (local pronunciation: Dikranagerd), formerly Diyarbekir, is the largest Kurdish-majority city in Turkey.

See List of country-name etymologies and Diyarbakır

Djenné

Djenné (Jɛ̀nɛ́; also known as Djénné, Jenné, and Jenne) is a Songhai town and urban commune in the Inland Niger Delta region of central Mali.

See List of country-name etymologies and Djenné

Dodona

Dodona (Ionic and, script) in Epirus in northwestern Greece was the oldest Hellenic oracle, possibly dating to the 2nd millennium BCE according to Herodotus.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dodona

Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a North American country on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dominican Republic

Dorians

The Dorians (Δωριεῖς, Dōrieîs, singular Δωριεύς, Dōrieús) were one of the four major ethnic groups into which the Hellenes (or Greeks) of Classical Greece divided themselves (along with the Aeolians, Achaeans, and Ionians).

See List of country-name etymologies and Dorians

Douro

The Douro (Duero; Mirandese: Douro ˈdowɾʊ; Durius) is the largest river of the Iberian Peninsula by discharge.

See List of country-name etymologies and Douro

Dragon's blood

Dragon's blood is a bright red resin which is obtained from different species of a number of distinct plant genera: Calamus spp.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dragon's blood

Duchy of Schleswig

The Duchy of Schleswig (Hertugdømmet Slesvig; Herzogtum Schleswig; Hartogdom Sleswig; Härtochduum Slaswik) was a duchy in Southern Jutland (Sønderjylland) covering the area between about 60 km (35 miles) north and 70 km (45 mi) south of the current border between Germany and Denmark.

See List of country-name etymologies and Duchy of Schleswig

Durrës

Durrës (Durrësi) is the second-most-populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Durrës County and Durrës Municipality.

See List of country-name etymologies and Durrës

Dutch East India Company

The United East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, abbreviated as VOC), commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dutch East India Company

Dyula language

Dyula (or Jula, Dioula, Julakan ߖߎ߬ߟߊ߬ߞߊ߲) is a language of the Mande language family spoken mainly in Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Mali, and also in some other countries, including Ghana, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau.

See List of country-name etymologies and Dyula language

East India Company

The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874.

See List of country-name etymologies and East India Company

East Pakistan

East Pakistan was the eastern province of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, covering the territory of the modern country Bangladesh.

See List of country-name etymologies and East Pakistan

Ebla

Ebla (Sumerian: eb₂-la, إبلا., modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ebla

Ecuador

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ecuador

Edward Sapir

Edward Sapir (January 26, 1884 – February 4, 1939) was an American anthropologist-linguist, who is widely considered to be one of the most important figures in the development of the discipline of linguistics in the United States.

See List of country-name etymologies and Edward Sapir

Egyptian language

The Egyptian language, or Ancient Egyptian, is an extinct branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages that was spoken in ancient Egypt.

See List of country-name etymologies and Egyptian language

El Salvador

El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America.

See List of country-name etymologies and El Salvador

Elamite language

Elamite, also known as Hatamtite and formerly as Susian, is an extinct language that was spoken by the ancient Elamites.

See List of country-name etymologies and Elamite language

Emir

Emir (أمير, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.

See List of country-name etymologies and Emir

Emirate

An emirate is a territory ruled by an emir, a title used by monarchs or high officeholders in the Muslim world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Emirate

Emirate of Transjordan

The Emirate of Transjordan (the emirate east of the Jordan), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921,, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on April 11, 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946" which remained as such until achieving formal independence in 1946.

See List of country-name etymologies and Emirate of Transjordan

Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Encyclopædia Britannica

Epic poetry

An epic poem, or simply an epic, is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants.

See List of country-name etymologies and Epic poetry

Epirus

Epirus is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Epirus

Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea (Guinea Ecuatorial; Guinée équatoriale; Guiné Equatorial), officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (República de Guinea Ecuatorial, République de Guinée équatoriale, República da Guiné Equatorial), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of.

See List of country-name etymologies and Equatorial Guinea

Estonian language

Estonian (eesti keel) is a Finnic language of the Uralic family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Estonian language

Estuary

An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Estuary

Eswatini

Eswatini (eSwatini), officially the Kingdom of Eswatini and also known by its former official name Swaziland and formerly the Kingdom of Swaziland, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Eswatini

Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ethiopia

Euphrates

The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Euphrates

European bison

The European bison (bison) (Bison bonasus) or the European wood bison, also known as the wisent, the zubr, or sometimes colloquially as the European buffalo, is a European species of bison.

See List of country-name etymologies and European bison

European maritime exploration of Australia

The maritime European exploration of Australia consisted of several waves of European seafarers who sailed the edges of the Australian continent.

See List of country-name etymologies and European maritime exploration of Australia

Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.

See List of country-name etymologies and Eusebius

Ewe language

Ewe (Eʋe or Eʋegbe) is a language spoken by approximately 5 million people in West Africa, mainly in Ghana and Togo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ewe language

False etymology

A false etymology (fake etymology or pseudo-etymology) is a false theory about the origin or derivation of a specific word or phrase.

See List of country-name etymologies and False etymology

Fódla

In Irish mythology, Fódla or Fótla (modern spelling: Fódhla, Fodhla or Fóla), daughter of Delbáeth and Ernmas of the Tuatha Dé Danann, was one of the tutelary goddesses of Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fódla

Federated States of Micronesia

The Federated States of Micronesia (abbreviated FSM), or simply Micronesia, is an island country in Micronesia, a subregion of Oceania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Federated States of Micronesia

Fen

A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fen

Fenni

The Fenni were an ancient people of northeastern Europe, first described by Cornelius Tacitus in Germania in AD 98.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fenni

Fezzan

Fezzan (Fezzan; فَزَّان|Fazzān; Phazania) is the southwestern region of modern Libya.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fezzan

Ficus

Ficus is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ficus

Fiji

Fiji (Viti,; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, Fijī), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fiji

Fijian language

Fijian (Na vosa vaka-Viti) is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken by some 350,000–450,000 ethnic Fijians as a native language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fijian language

Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Finland

Finno-Ugric languages

Finno-Ugric is a traditional grouping of all languages in the Uralic language family except the Samoyedic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Finno-Ugric languages

Finns

Finns or Finnish people (suomalaiset) are a Baltic Finnic ethnic group native to Finland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Finns

Firth

Firth is a word in the English and Scots languages used to denote various coastal waters in the United Kingdom, predominantly within Scotland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Firth

Fjord

In physical geography, a fjord or fiord is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fjord

Fon language

Fon (fɔ̀ngbè) also known as Dahomean is the language of the Fon people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fon language

Food and Agriculture Organization

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.

See List of country-name etymologies and Food and Agriculture Organization

Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)

Fort Zeelandia was a fortress built over ten years from 1624 to 1634 by the Dutch East India Company (VOC), in the town of Anping (now Anping District of Tainan) on Formosa, the former name of central island of Taiwan, during their 38-year rule over the western part of the island.

See List of country-name etymologies and Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)

Francesco Crispi

Francesco Crispi (4 October 1818 – 11 August 1901) was an Italian patriot and statesman.

See List of country-name etymologies and Francesco Crispi

Francisco de Miranda

Sebastián Francisco de Miranda y Rodríguez de Espinoza (28 March 1750 – 14 July 1816), commonly known as Francisco de Miranda, was a Venezuelan military leader and revolutionary who fought in the American Revolutionary War, the French Revolution and the Spanish American wars of independence.

See List of country-name etymologies and Francisco de Miranda

Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick III (German: Friedrich III, 21 September 1415 – 19 August 1493) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 until his death in 1493.

See List of country-name etymologies and Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor

French Algeria

French Algeria (Alger until 1839, then Algérie afterwards; unofficially Algérie française, الجزائر المستعمرة), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of Algerian history when the country was a colony and later an integral part of France.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Algeria

French colonization of the Americas

France began colonizing the Americas in the 16th century and continued into the following centuries as it established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere.

See List of country-name etymologies and French colonization of the Americas

French Congo

The French Congo (Congo français) or Middle Congo (Moyen-Congo) was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo and parts of Gabon, and the Central African Republic.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Congo

French Fifth Republic

The Fifth Republic (Cinquième République) is France's current republican system of government.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Fifth Republic

French Guinea

French Guinea (Guinée française) was a French colonial possession in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Guinea

French Indochina

French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), officially known as the Indochinese Union and after 1946 as the French Union, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Mainland Southeast Asia until its end in 1954. It comprised Cambodia, Laos (from 1899), the Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan (from 1898 until 1945), and the Vietnamese regions of Tonkin in the north, Annam in the centre, and Cochinchina in the south.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Indochina

French language

French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

See List of country-name etymologies and French language

French Somaliland

French Somaliland (lit; Xeebta Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiiska) was a French colony in the Horn of Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Somaliland

French Sudan

French Sudan (Soudan français; السودان الفرنسي) was a French colonial territory in the Federation of French West Africa from around 1880 until 1959, when it joined the Mali Federation, and then in 1960, when it became the independent state of Mali.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Sudan

French Territory of the Afars and the Issas

The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (FTAI; Territoire français des Afars et des Issas) was the name given to present-day Djibouti between 1967 and 1977, while it was still an overseas territory of France.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Territory of the Afars and the Issas

French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.

See List of country-name etymologies and French Third Republic

Gabon

Gabon (Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (République gabonaise), is a country on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, on the equator, bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, the Republic of the Congo on the east and south, and the Gulf of Guinea to the west.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gabon

Gallia Belgica

Gallia Belgica ("Belgic Gaul") was a province of the Roman Empire located in the north-eastern part of Roman Gaul, in what is today primarily northern France, Belgium, and Luxembourg, along with parts of the Netherlands and Germany.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gallia Belgica

Gambia River

The Gambia River (formerly known as the River Gambra, French: Fleuve Gambie, Portuguese: Rio Gâmbia) is a major river in West Africa, running from the Fouta Djallon plateau in north Guinea westward through Senegal and The Gambia to the Atlantic Ocean at the city of Banjul.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gambia River

Gaul

Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gaul

Geʽez

Geez (or; ግዕዝ, and sometimes referred to in scholarly literature as Classical Ethiopic) is an ancient South Semitic language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Geʽez

Genitive case

In grammar, the genitive case (abbreviated) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun.

See List of country-name etymologies and Genitive case

Geoffrey of Monmouth

Geoffrey of Monmouth (Galfridus Monemutensis, Galfridus Arturus; Gruffudd ap Arthur, Sieffre o Fynwy) was a Catholic cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the development of British historiography and the popularity of tales of King Arthur.

See List of country-name etymologies and Geoffrey of Monmouth

Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Georgia (country)

Georgian language

Georgian (ქართული ენა) is the most widely spoken Kartvelian language; it serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Georgian language

Georgians

The Georgians, or Kartvelians (tr), are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to present-day Georgia and surrounding areas historically associated with the Georgian kingdoms.

See List of country-name etymologies and Georgians

German language

German (Standard High German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.

See List of country-name etymologies and German language

Germania

Germania, also called Magna Germania (English: Great Germania), Germania Libera (English: Free Germania), or Germanic Barbaricum to distinguish it from the Roman province of the same name, was a historical region in north-central Europe during the Roman era, which was associated by Roman authors with the Germanic people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Germania

Germania (book)

The Germania, written by the Roman historian Publius Cornelius Tacitus around 98 AD and originally entitled On the Origin and Situation of the Germans (De origine et situ Germanorum), is a historical and ethnographic work on the Germanic peoples outside the Roman Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Germania (book)

Germanic languages

The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Germanic languages

Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Germany

Ghana

Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ghana

Gilbert and Ellice Islands

The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean were part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gilbert and Ellice Islands

Gilbert Islands

The Gilbert Islands (Tungaru;Reilly Ridgell. Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. 3rd. Ed. Honolulu: Bess Press, 1995. p. 95. formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill IslandsVery often, this name applied only to the southern islands of the archipelago, the northern half being designated as the Scarborough Islands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gilbert Islands

Gilgamesh

Gilgamesh (𒀭𒄑𒂆𒈦|translit.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gilgamesh

Goguryeo

Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) (high castle; Old Korean: Guryeo) also later known as Goryeo (high and beautiful; Middle Korean: 고ᇢ롕〮, kwòwlyéy), was a Korean kingdom which was located on the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of modern-day Northeast China (Manchuria).

See List of country-name etymologies and Goguryeo

Gojoseon

Gojoseon, also called Joseon, was the first kingdom on the Korean Peninsula.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gojoseon

Gold Coast (British colony)

The Gold Coast was a British Crown colony on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa from 1821 until its independence in 1957 as Ghana.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gold Coast (British colony)

Golden Horde

The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus (in Kipchak Turkic), was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Golden Horde

Goryeo

Goryeo (Hanja: 高麗) was a Korean state founded in 918, during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period, that unified and ruled the Korean Peninsula until the establishment of Joseon in 1392.

See List of country-name etymologies and Goryeo

Governor of New South Wales

The governor of New South Wales is the representative of the monarch, King Charles III, in the state of New South Wales.

See List of country-name etymologies and Governor of New South Wales

Grammatical gender

In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns.

See List of country-name etymologies and Grammatical gender

Granada

Granada is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain.

See List of country-name etymologies and Granada

Great Zimbabwe

Great Zimbabwe is a medieval city in the south-eastern hills of the modern country of Zimbabwe, near Lake Mutirikwe and the town of Masvingo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Great Zimbabwe

Greece

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Greece

Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Greek language

Greenland

Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat,; Grønland) is a North American island autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark.

See List of country-name etymologies and Greenland

Grenadines

The Grenadines is a chain of small islands that lie on a line between the larger islands of Saint Vincent and Grenada in the Lesser Antilles.

See List of country-name etymologies and Grenadines

Guaraní people

The Guarani are a group of culturally-related indigenous peoples of South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Guaraní people

Guarani language

Guarani, specifically the primary variety known as Paraguayan Guarani (avañeʼẽ "the people's language"), is a South American language that belongs to the Tupi–Guarani branch of the Tupian language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Guarani language

Guinea

Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea (République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau (Guiné-Bissau; script; Mandinka: ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫ ߓߌߛߊߥߏ߫ Gine-Bisawo), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a country in West Africa that covers with an estimated population of 2,026,778.

See List of country-name etymologies and Guinea-Bissau

Guizhou

Guizhou is an inland province in Southwestern China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Guizhou

Gulf of Guinea

The Gulf of Guinea is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gulf of Guinea

Gustav Nachtigal

Gustav Nachtigal (born 23 February 1834 – 20 April 1885) was a German military surgeon and explorer of Central and West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Gustav Nachtigal

Haiti

Haiti, officially the Republic of Haiti, is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Haiti

Ham (son of Noah)

Ham (in), according to the Table of Nations in the Book of Genesis, was the second son of Noah and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut and Canaan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ham (son of Noah)

Hastings Banda

Hastings Kamuzu Banda (– 25 November 1997) was the leader of Malawi from 1964 to 1994.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hastings Banda

Hayk

Hayk (Հայկ), also known as Hayk Nahapet (Հայկ Նահապետ), is the legendary patriarch and founder of the Armenian nation.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hayk

Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Hebrew), also known in Hebrew as Miqra (Hebrew), is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures, comprising the Torah, the Nevi'im, and the Ketuvim.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hebrew Bible

Hebrew language

Hebrew (ʿÎbrit) is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hebrew language

Hebrides

The Hebrides (Innse Gall,; Southern isles) are an archipelago off the west coast of the Scottish mainland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hebrides

Hecataeus of Miletus

Hecataeus of Miletus (Ἑκαταῖος ὁ Μιλήσιος;Named after the Greek goddess Hecate--> c. 550 – c. 476 BC), son of Hegesander, was an early Greek historian and geographer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hecataeus of Miletus

Helen of Troy

Helen (Helénē), also known as Helen of Troy, Helen of Argos, or Helen of Sparta, and in Latin as Helena, was a figure in Greek mythology said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Helen of Troy

Hellen

In Greek mythology, Hellen (Héllēn) is the eponymous progenitor of the Hellenes.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hellen

Hellenistic period

In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hellenistic period

Helmand River

The Helmand (also spelled Helmend, or Helmund, Hirmand; Pashto/Persian: هیرمند / هلمند; Greek: Ἐτύμανδρος, Etýmandros; Latin: Erymandrus) is the longest river in Afghanistan and the primary watershed for the endorheic Sistan Basin.

See List of country-name etymologies and Helmand River

Helvetia

Helvetia is a national personification of Switzerland, officially Confoederatio Helvetica, the Swiss Confederation.

See List of country-name etymologies and Helvetia

Helvetii

The Helvetii (Gaulish: *Heluētī), anglicized as Helvetians, were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Helvetii

Henry Morton Stanley

Sir Henry Morton Stanley (born John Rowlands; 28 January 1841 – 10 May 1904) was a Welsh-American explorer, journalist, soldier, colonial administrator, author and politician who was famous for his exploration of Central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone.

See List of country-name etymologies and Henry Morton Stanley

Hercules

Hercules is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hercules

Herodotus

Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Herodotus

Hesychius of Alexandria

Hesychius of Alexandria (lit) was a Greek grammarian who, probably in the 5th or 6th century AD, compiled the richest lexicon of unusual and obscure Greek words that has survived, probably by absorbing the works of earlier lexicographers.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hesychius of Alexandria

Hibernia

Hibernia is the Classical Latin name for Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hibernia

Himalayas

The Himalayas, or Himalaya.

See List of country-name etymologies and Himalayas

Hindi

Modern Standard Hindi (आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, Ādhunik Mānak Hindī), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in Devanagari script.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hindi

Hindustan

Hindūstān is a name for India, broadly referring to the entirety or northern half of the Indian subcontinent.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hindustan

Hippopotamus

The hippopotamus (hippopotamuses or hippopotami; Hippopotamus amphibius), also shortened to hippo (hippos), further qualified as the common hippopotamus, Nile hippopotamus, or river hippopotamus, is a large semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hippopotamus

Hispanic America

The region known as Hispanic America (Hispanoamérica or América Hispana) and historically as Spanish America (América Española) is all the Spanish-speaking countries of the Americas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hispanic America

Hispaniola

Hispaniola (also) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hispaniola

History of Haiti

The recorded history of Haiti began in 1492, when the European captain and explorer Christopher Columbus landed on a large island in the region of the western Atlantic Ocean that later came to be known as the Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and History of Haiti

Ho Chi Minh

italic (19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), colloquially known as Uncle Ho (Bác Hồ) or just Uncle (Bác), and by other aliases and sobriquets, was a Vietnamese communist revolutionary, nationalist, and politician.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ho Chi Minh

Holland

Holland is a geographical regionG.

See List of country-name etymologies and Holland

Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Holy Roman Emperor

Homer

Homer (Ὅμηρος,; born) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature.

See List of country-name etymologies and Homer

Homonhon

Homonhon Island is an island in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines, on the east side of Leyte Gulf.

See List of country-name etymologies and Homonhon

Honduras

Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Honduras

Honey

Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several species of bees, the best-known of which are honey bees.

See List of country-name etymologies and Honey

Houegbadja

Houegbadja or Wegbaja or Aho was a King in the Kingdom of Dahomey, in present-day Benin, from around 1645 until 1685.

See List of country-name etymologies and Houegbadja

House of Saud

The House of Al Saud (ʾĀl Suʿūd) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia.

See List of country-name etymologies and House of Saud

House of Stuart

The House of Stuart, originally spelled Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain.

See List of country-name etymologies and House of Stuart

Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hungary

Huns

The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.

See List of country-name etymologies and Huns

Hypercorrection

In sociolinguistics, hypercorrection is the nonstandard use of language that results from the overapplication of a perceived rule of language-usage prescription.

See List of country-name etymologies and Hypercorrection

Iceland

Iceland (Ísland) is a Nordic island country between the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Iceland

Ifẹ

Ifẹ̀ (Ifẹ̀, Ilé-Ifẹ̀) is an ancient Yoruba city in south-western Nigeria, founded approximately between the 1000 BC and 600 BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ifẹ

Illyrians

The Illyrians (Ἰλλυριοί, Illyrioi; Illyrii) were a group of Indo-European-speaking people who inhabited the western Balkan Peninsula in ancient times.

See List of country-name etymologies and Illyrians

Immaculate Conception

The Immaculate Conception is the belief that the Virgin Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception.

See List of country-name etymologies and Immaculate Conception

Inca Empire

The Inca Empire, officially known as the Realm of the Four Parts (Tawantinsuyu, "four parts together"), was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Inca Empire

India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and India

Indigenous peoples

There is no generally accepted definition of Indigenous peoples, although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territory, and an experience of subjugation and discrimination under a dominant cultural model.

See List of country-name etymologies and Indigenous peoples

Indo-Gangetic Plain

The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain encompassing northern regions of the Indian subcontinent, including most of modern-day northern and eastern India, most of eastern-Pakistan, virtually all of Bangladesh and southern plains of Nepal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Indo-Gangetic Plain

Indonesia

Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans.

See List of country-name etymologies and Indonesia

Indonesian language

Indonesian is the official and national language of Indonesia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Indonesian language

Indus River

The Indus is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and Central Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Indus River

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

See List of country-name etymologies and Iran

Irish Free State

The Irish Free State (6 December 192229 December 1937), also known by its Irish name i, was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921.

See List of country-name etymologies and Irish Free State

Iroquoian languages

The Iroquoian languages are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Iroquoian languages

Isatis tinctoria

Isatis tinctoria, also called woad, dyer's woad, dyer's-weed, or glastum, is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae (the mustard family) with a documented history of use as a blue dye and medicinal plant.

See List of country-name etymologies and Isatis tinctoria

Ischia

Ischia is a volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ischia

Isis

Isis was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Isis

Italian language

Italian (italiano,, or lingua italiana) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Italian language

Italian Somaliland

Italian Somaliland (Somalia Italiana; Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; Dhulka Soomaalida ee Talyaaniga) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and Majeerteen in the north, and in the south by the political entities; Hiraab Imamate and the Geledi Sultanate.

See List of country-name etymologies and Italian Somaliland

Italians

Italians (italiani) are an ethnic group native to the Italian geographical region.

See List of country-name etymologies and Italians

Italus

Italus or Italos (from) was a legendary king of the Oenotrians, ancient people of Italic origin who inhabited the region now called Calabria, in southern Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Italus

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Italy

Jacob

Jacob (Yaʿqūb; Iakṓb), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites and is an important figure in Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Samaritanism, Christianity, and Islam.

See List of country-name etymologies and Jacob

Jacques Cartier

Jacques Cartier (Jakez Karter; 31 December 14911 September 1557) was a French-Breton maritime explorer for France.

See List of country-name etymologies and Jacques Cartier

Jamaica

Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean Sea and the West Indies. At, it is the third largest island—after Cuba and Hispaniola—of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean. Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, west of Hispaniola (the island containing Haiti and the Dominican Republic), and south-east of the Cayman Islands (a British Overseas Territory).

See List of country-name etymologies and Jamaica

James Cook

Captain James Cook (– 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, cartographer and naval officer famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean and to New Zealand and Australia in particular.

See List of country-name etymologies and James Cook

James Rennell

Major James Rennell, (3 December 1742 – 29 March 1830) was an English geographer, historian and a pioneer of oceanography.

See List of country-name etymologies and James Rennell

Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Japan

Java

Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Java

Javanese language

Javanese (basa Jawa, Javanese script: ꦧꦱꦗꦮ, Pegon: باسا جاوا, IPA) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, Indonesia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Javanese language

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (1605–1689) was a 17th-century French gem merchant and traveler.

See List of country-name etymologies and Jean-Baptiste Tavernier

Jordan River

The Jordan River or River Jordan (نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ, Nahr al-ʾUrdunn; נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, Nəhar hayYardēn), also known as Nahr Al-Sharieat (نهر الشريعة.), is a river in the Levant that flows roughly north to south through the freshwater Sea of Galilee and on to the salt water Dead Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Jordan River

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.

See List of country-name etymologies and Julius Caesar

Kalinago

The Kalinago, formerly known as Island Caribs or simply Caribs, are an Indigenous people of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kalinago

Kamerun

Kamerun was an African colony of the German Empire from 1884 to 1920 in the region of today's Republic of Cameroon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kamerun

Kanuri language

Kanuri is a Saharan dialect continuum of the Nilo–Saharan language family spoken by the Kanuri and Kanembu peoples in Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon, as well as by a diaspora community residing in Sudan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kanuri language

Kashmir

Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kashmir

Kashubian language

Kashubian or Cassubian (kaszëbsczi jãzëk, język kaszubski) is a West Slavic language belonging to the Lechitic subgroup.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kashubian language

Katipunan

The Katipunan, officially known as the Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo) and abbreviated as the KKK, was a revolutionary organization founded in 1892 by a group of Filipino nationalists Deodato Arellano, Andrés Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, José Dizon, and Teodoro Plata.

See List of country-name etymologies and Katipunan

Kazakh language

Kazakh or Qazaq is a Turkic language of the Kipchak branch spoken in Central Asia by Kazakhs.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kazakh language

Kazakhs

The Kazakhs (also spelled Qazaqs; Kazakh: қазақ, qazaq,, қазақтар, qazaqtar) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia and Eastern Europe, mainly Kazakhstan, but also parts of northern Uzbekistan and the border regions of Russia, as well as northwestern China (specifically Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture) and western Mongolia (Bayan-Ölgii Province).

See List of country-name etymologies and Kazakhs

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country mostly in Central Asia, with a part in Eastern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kazakhstan

Kazi Nazrul Islam

Kazi Nazrul Islam (কাজী নজরুল ইসলাম,; 25 May 1899 – 29 August 1976) was a Bengali poet, writer, journalist, and musician.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kazi Nazrul Islam

Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya (Jamhuri ya Kenya), is a country in East Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kenya

Khanty

The Khanty (Khanty: ханти, hanti), also known in older literature as Ostyaks (остяки), are a Ugric Indigenous people, living in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a region historically known as "Yugra" in Russia, together with the Mansi.

See List of country-name etymologies and Khanty

Khazars

The Khazars were a nomadic Turkic people that, in the late 6th-century CE, established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Khazars

Khoekhoe language

Khoekhoe (Khoekhoegowab), also known by the ethnic terms Nama (Namagowab), Damara (ǂNūkhoegowab), or Nama/Damara and formerly as Hottentot, is the most widespread of the non-Bantu languages of Southern Africa that make heavy use of click consonants and therefore were formerly classified as Khoisan, a grouping now recognized as obsolete.

See List of country-name etymologies and Khoekhoe language

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (خېبر پښتونخوا; Hindko and,; abbr. KP), formerly known as North West Frontier Province (NWFP), is a province of Pakistan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Kikuyu people

The Kikuyu (also Agĩkũyũ/Gĩkũyũ) are a Bantu ethnic group native to East Africa Central Kenya.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kikuyu people

Kingdom of England

The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 886, when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, which would later become the United Kingdom.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kingdom of England

Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 to the end of 1800.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kingdom of Great Britain

Kingdom of Iberia

In Greco-Roman geography, Iberia (Ancient Greek: Ἰβηρία Iberia; Hiberia; Parthian:; Middle Persian) was an exonym for the Georgian kingdom of Kartli (ႵႠႰႧႪႨ), known after its core province, which during Classical Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages was a significant monarchy in the Caucasus, either as an independent state or as a dependent of larger empires, notably the Sassanid and Roman empires.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kingdom of Iberia

Kingdom of Ireland

The Kingdom of Ireland (Ríoghacht Éireann; Ríocht na hÉireann) was a dependent territory of England and then of Great Britain from 1542 to the end of 1800.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kingdom of Ireland

Kinshasa

Kinshasa (Kinsásá), formerly named Léopoldville until June 30, 1966, is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kinshasa

Kinyarwanda

Kinyarwanda, Rwandan or Rwanda, officially known as Ikinyarwanda, is a Bantu language and the national language of Rwanda.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kinyarwanda

Kiribati

Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati (Ribaberiki Kiribati),.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kiribati

Kongo language

Kongo or Kikongo is one of the Bantu languages spoken by the Kongo people living in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Angola.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kongo language

Kongo people

The Kongo people (Bisi Kongo., EsiKongo, singular: Musi Kongo; also Bakongo, singular: Mukongo or M'kongo) are a Bantu ethnic group primarily defined as the speakers of Kikongo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kongo people

Kosovo Polje

Kosovo Polje (Косово Поље, "Kosovo Field") or Fushë Kosova (Albanian indefinite form: Fushë Kosovë), is a town and municipality located in the District of Pristina in Kosovo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kosovo Polje

Kura (river)

The Kura is an east-flowing river south of the Greater Caucasus Mountains which drains the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus east into the Caspian Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kura (river)

Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia, lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain ranges.

See List of country-name etymologies and Kyrgyzstan

L. Frank Baum

Lyman Frank Baum (May 15, 1856 – May 6, 1919) was an American author best known for his children's fantasy books, particularly The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, part of a series.

See List of country-name etymologies and L. Frank Baum

Lachlan Macquarie

Major General Lachlan Macquarie, CB (Lachlann MacGuaire; 31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lachlan Macquarie

Laguna (province)

Laguna, officially the Province of Laguna (Lalawigan ng Laguna), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Laguna (province)

Lake Chad

Lake Chad (Kanuri: Sádǝ) is an endorheic freshwater lake located at the junction of four countries: Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon in western and central Africa respectively, with a catchment area of.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lake Chad

Lake Malawi

Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lake Malawi

Lake Maracaibo

Lake Maracaibo (Lago de Maracaibo) is a brackish lake located in northwestern Venezuela, between the states of Zulia, Trujillo, and Mérida.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lake Maracaibo

Lake Nicaragua

Lake Nicaragua or Cocibolca or Granada (Lago de Nicaragua, Lago Cocibolca, Mar Dulce, Gran Lago, Gran Lago Dulce, or Lago de Granada) is a freshwater lake in Nicaragua.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lake Nicaragua

Lake Tanganyika

Lake Tanganyika (Ikiyaga ca Tanganyika) is an African Great Lake.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lake Tanganyika

Lan Xang

Lan Xang or Lancang was a Lao kingdom that held the area of present-day Laos from 1353 to 1707.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lan Xang

Languages of India

Languages spoken in the Republic of India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 78.05% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 19.64% of Indians; both families together are sometimes known as Indic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Languages of India

Lanka

Lanka is the name given in Hindu epics to the island fortress capital of the legendary asura king Ravana in the epics of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lanka

Lao language

Lao (Lao: ພາສາລາວ), sometimes referred to as Laotian, is the official language of Laos and a significant language in the Isan region of northeastern Thailand, where it is usually referred to as the Isan language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lao language

Lao people

The Lao people are a Tai ethnic group native to Southeast Asia, who speak the Lao language of the Kra–Dai languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lao people

Laos

Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country and one of the two Marxist-Leninist states in Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Laos

Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Latin

Latvia

Latvia (Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Latvia

Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lebanon

Leo Africanus

Johannes Leo Africanus (born al-Hasan Muhammad al-Wazzan al-Fasi, الحسن محمد الوزان الفاسي; &ndash) was an Andalusi diplomat and author who is best known for his 1526 book Cosmographia et geographia de Affrica, later published by Giovanni Battista Ramusio as Descrittione dell'Africa (Description of Africa) in 1550, centered on the geography of the Maghreb and Nile Valley.

See List of country-name etymologies and Leo Africanus

Leopold II of Belgium

Leopold II (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor; Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor; 9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908.

See List of country-name etymologies and Leopold II of Belgium

Lesotho

Lesotho, formally the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lesotho

Leyte

Leyte is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines.

See List of country-name etymologies and Leyte

Liberia

Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast.

See List of country-name etymologies and Liberia

Libya

Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Libya

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein, officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east and north and Switzerland in the west and south.

See List of country-name etymologies and Liechtenstein

Lion

The lion (Panthera leo) is a large cat of the genus Panthera, native to Africa and India.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lion

Lisbon

Lisbon (Lisboa) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131 as of 2023 within its administrative limits and 2,961,177 within the metropolis.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lisbon

List of Byzantine emperors

The foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD marks the conventional start of the Eastern Roman Empire, which fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of Byzantine emperors

List of continent name etymologies

This is a list of the etymologies of continent names as they are currently found on Earth. List of country-name etymologies and list of continent name etymologies are lists of place name etymologies.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of continent name etymologies

List of etymologies of administrative divisions

This article provides a collection of the etymology of the names of administrative divisions. List of country-name etymologies and List of etymologies of administrative divisions are lists of place name etymologies.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of etymologies of administrative divisions

List of kings of Rwanda

This article contains a list of kings of Rwanda.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of kings of Rwanda

List of places named after people

There are a number of places named after famous people. List of country-name etymologies and List of places named after people are lists of place name etymologies.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of places named after people

List of Spanish monarchs

This is a list of monarchs of Spain, a dominion started with the dynastic union of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of Spanish monarchs

List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States

The fifty U.S. states, the District of Columbia, the five inhabited U.S. territories, and the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands have taken their names from a wide variety of languages. List of country-name etymologies and List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States are lists of place name etymologies.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States

List of sultans of Brunei

The Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of sultans of Brunei

List of United Kingdom county name etymologies

This toponymical list of counties of the United Kingdom is a list of the origins of the names of counties of the United Kingdom.

See List of country-name etymologies and List of United Kingdom county name etymologies

Lists of etymologies

This is a list of etymological lists.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lists of etymologies

Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lithuania

Lithuanian language

Lithuanian is an East Baltic language belonging to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lithuanian language

Littoral zone

The littoral zone, also called litoral or nearshore, is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore.

See List of country-name etymologies and Littoral zone

Livonian language

The Livonian language (līvõ kēļ or rāndakēļ) is a Finnic language whose native land is the Livonian Coast of the Gulf of Riga, located in the north of the Kurzeme peninsula in Latvia but also used to be spoken in the Salaca River valley.

See List of country-name etymologies and Livonian language

Lot (biblical person)

Lot (לוֹט Lōṭ, lit. "veil" or "covering"; Λώτ Lṓt; لُوط Lūṭ; Syriac: ܠܘܛ Lōṭ) was a man mentioned in the biblical Book of Genesis, chapters 11–14 and 19.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lot (biblical person)

Louis the Pious

Louis the Pious (Ludwig der Fromme; Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813.

See List of country-name etymologies and Louis the Pious

Louis XV

Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774.

See List of country-name etymologies and Louis XV

Low German

Low German is a West Germanic language spoken mainly in Northern Germany and the northeastern Netherlands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Low German

Lower Austria

Lower Austria (Niederösterreich abbreviation LA or NÖ; Austro-Bavarian: Niedaöstareich, Niedaestareich, Dolné Rakúsko, Dolní Rakousy) is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lower Austria

Lower Canada

The Province of Lower Canada (province du Bas-Canada) was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791–1841).

See List of country-name etymologies and Lower Canada

Lusitania

Lusitania was an ancient Iberian Roman province encompassing most of modern-day Portugal (south of the Douro River) and a large portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and Province of Salamanca).

See List of country-name etymologies and Lusitania

Lusitanians

The Lusitanians were an Indo-European-speaking people living in the far west of the Iberian Peninsula, in present-day central Portugal and Extremadura and Castilla y Leon of Spain.

See List of country-name etymologies and Lusitanians

Luxembourg

Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxemburg; Luxembourg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small landlocked country in Western Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Luxembourg

Macedonia (ancient kingdom)

Macedonia (Μακεδονία), also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece.

See List of country-name etymologies and Macedonia (ancient kingdom)

Macedonia (region)

Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Macedonia (region)

Madagascar

Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar and the Fourth Republic of Madagascar, is an island country comprising the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Madagascar

Maghreb

The Maghreb (lit), also known as the Arab Maghreb (اَلْمَغْرِبُ الْعَرَبِيُّ) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of the Arab world.

See List of country-name etymologies and Maghreb

Mahabharata

The Mahābhārata (महाभारतम्) is one of the two major Smriti texts and Sanskrit epics of ancient India revered in Hinduism, the other being the Rāmāyaṇa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mahabharata

Mainland Southeast Asia

Mainland Southeast Asia (also known Indochina or the Indochinese Peninsula) is the continental portion of Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mainland Southeast Asia

Malawi

Malawi (in Chichewa and Chitumbuka), officially the Republic of Malawi and formerly known as Nyasaland, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malawi

Malay language

Malay (Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malay language

Malay Peninsula

The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malay Peninsula

Malayalam

Malayalam is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malayalam

Malays (ethnic group)

Malays (Orang Melayu, Jawi) are an Austronesian ethnoreligious group native to eastern Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula and coastal Borneo, as well as the smaller islands that lie between these locations.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malays (ethnic group)

Maldives

The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Maldives

Mali

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mali

Malta

Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Malta

Maltese language

Maltese (Malti, also L-Ilsien Malti or Lingwa Maltija) is a Semitic language derived from late medieval Sicilian Arabic with Romance superstrata.

See List of country-name etymologies and Maltese language

Mandarin Chinese

Mandarin is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mandarin Chinese

Mandeville's Travels

The Travels of Sir John Mandeville, commonly known as Mandeville's Travels, is a book written between 1357 and 1371 that purports to be the travel memoir of an Englishman named Sir John Mandeville across the Islamic world as far as India and China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mandeville's Travels

Mansi people

The Mansi (Mansi: Мāньси / Мāньси мāхум, Māńsi / Māńsi māhum) are an Ob-Ugric Indigenous people living in Khanty–Mansia, an autonomous okrug within Tyumen Oblast in Russia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mansi people

Mapocho River

The River Mapocho (Río Mapocho) (Mapudungun: Mapu chuco, "water that penetrates the land") is a river in Chile.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mapocho River

Mapuche language

Mapuche (from mapu 'land' and che 'people', meaning 'the people of the land') or Mapudungun (from mapu 'land' and dungun 'speak, speech', meaning 'the speech of the land'; also spelled Mapuzugun and Mapudungu) is an Araucanian language related to Huilliche spoken in south-central Chile and west-central Argentina by the Mapuche people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mapuche language

March (territory)

In medieval Europe, a march or mark was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a state's "heartland".

See List of country-name etymologies and March (territory)

Marco Polo

Marco Polo (8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.

See List of country-name etymologies and Marco Polo

Marcus Terentius Varro

Marcus Terentius Varro (116–27 BC) was a Roman polymath and a prolific author.

See List of country-name etymologies and Marcus Terentius Varro

Mari language

The Mari language (марий йылме,; p), formerly known as the Cheremiss language, spoken by approximately 400,000 people, belongs to the Uralic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mari language

Marrakesh

Marrakesh or Marrakech (or; murrākuš) is the fourth-largest city in Morocco.

See List of country-name etymologies and Marrakesh

Marshall Islands

The Marshall Islands (Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands (Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ), is an island country west of the International Date Line and north of the equator in the Micronesia region in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Marshall Islands

Marshallese language

Marshallese (Kajin M̧ajel‌̧ or Kajin Majōl), also known as Ebon, is a Micronesian language spoken in the Marshall Islands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Marshallese language

Mauretania

Mauretania is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mauretania

Maurice, Prince of Orange

Maurice of Orange (Maurits van Oranje; 14 November 1567 – 23 April 1625) was stadtholder of all the provinces of the Dutch Republic except for Friesland from 1585 at the earliest until his death in 1625.

See List of country-name etymologies and Maurice, Prince of Orange

Mauritius

Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, about off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mauritius

Mayan languages

The Mayan languagesIn linguistics, it is conventional to use Mayan when referring to the languages, or an aspect of a language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mayan languages

Māori language

Māori, or te reo Māori ('the Māori language'), commonly shortened to te reo, is an Eastern Polynesian language and the language of the Māori people, the indigenous population of mainland New Zealand.

See List of country-name etymologies and Māori language

Memphis, Egypt

Memphis (Manf,; Bohairic ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ; Μέμφις), or Men-nefer, was the ancient capital of Inebu-hedj, the first nome of Lower Egypt that was known as mḥw ("North").

See List of country-name etymologies and Memphis, Egypt

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mesopotamia

Metathesis (linguistics)

Metathesis (from Greek, from "I put in a different order"; Latin: transpositio) is the transposition of sounds or syllables in a word or of words in a sentence.

See List of country-name etymologies and Metathesis (linguistics)

Metonymy

Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept.

See List of country-name etymologies and Metonymy

Meuse

The Meuse (Moûze) or Maas (Maos or Maas) is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta.

See List of country-name etymologies and Meuse

Middle Chinese

Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.

See List of country-name etymologies and Middle Chinese

Miguel López de Legazpi

Miguel López de Legazpi (12 June 1502 – 20 August 1572), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo (The Elder), was a Spanish conquistador who financed and led an expedition to conquer the Philippine islands in the mid-16th century.

See List of country-name etymologies and Miguel López de Legazpi

Milesians (Irish)

The Milesians or sons of Míl are the final race to settle in Ireland, according to the Lebor Gabála Érenn, a medieval Irish Christian history.

See List of country-name etymologies and Milesians (Irish)

Mindon Min

Mindon Min (မင်းတုန်းမင်း,; 1808 – 1878), born Maung Lwin, was the penultimate king of Burma (Myanmar) from 1853 to 1878.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mindon Min

Mindoro

Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mindoro

Mingrelian language

Mingrelian, or Megrelian (მარგალური ნინა) is a Kartvelian language spoken in Western Georgia (regions of Mingrelia and Abkhazia), primarily by the Mingrelians.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mingrelian language

Ministry of finance

A ministry of finance is a ministry or other government agency in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ministry of finance

Moa

Moa (order Dinornithiformes) are an extinct group of flightless birds formerly endemic to New Zealand.

See List of country-name etymologies and Moa

Modern Greek

Modern Greek (Νέα Ελληνικά, Néa Elliniká, or Κοινή Νεοελληνική Γλώσσα, Kiní Neoellinikí Glóssa), generally referred to by speakers simply as Greek (Ελληνικά, italic), refers collectively to the dialects of the Greek language spoken in the modern era, including the official standardized form of the language sometimes referred to as Standard Modern Greek.

See List of country-name etymologies and Modern Greek

Mogadishu

Mogadishu (also; Muqdisho, Wadaad: or Xamar, Wadaad:; مقديشو, Italian: Mogadiscio), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mogadishu

Moldavia

Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei, literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic: Молдова or Цара Мѡлдовєй) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River.

See List of country-name etymologies and Moldavia

Moldova

Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, on the northeastern corner of the Balkans.

See List of country-name etymologies and Moldova

Mon language

The Mon language (ဘာသာမန်; Mon-Thai ဘာသာမည်; မွန်ဘာသာစကား; ภาษามอญ; formerly known as Peguan and Talaing) is an Austroasiatic language spoken by the Mon people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mon language

Monaco

Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, on the Mediterranean Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Monaco

Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mongol Empire

Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mongolia

Mongolian language

Mongolian is the principal language of the Mongolic language family that originated in the Mongolian Plateau.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mongolian language

Mongolic languages

The Mongolic languages are a language family spoken by the Mongolic peoples in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, North Asia and East Asia, mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas and in Kalmykia and Buryatia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mongolic languages

Mongols

The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (majority in Inner Mongolia), as well as Buryatia and Kalmykia of Russia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mongols

Montenegro

Montenegro is a country in Southeastern Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula.

See List of country-name etymologies and Montenegro

Moors

The term Moor is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim populations of the Maghreb, al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Moors

Moravia

Moravia (Morava; Mähren) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Moravia

Morocco

Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Morocco

Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya (Meru: Kĩrĩmaara, Kikuyu: Kĩrĩnyaga, Kamba: Ki Nyaa, Embu: Kirinyaa) is an extinct volcano in Kenya and the second-highest peak in Africa, after Kilimanjaro.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mount Kenya

Mount Lebanon

Mount Lebanon (جَبَل لُبْنَان, jabal lubnān,; ܛܘܪ ܠܒ݂ܢܢ,,, ṭūr lewnōn) is a mountain range in Lebanon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mount Lebanon

Mozambique

Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country located in southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini and South Africa to the southwest.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mozambique

Muhammad al-Idrisi

Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti, or simply al-Idrisi (أبو عبد الله محمد الإدريسي القرطبي الحسني السبتي; Dreses; 1100–1165), was a Muslim geographer and cartographer who served in the court of King Roger II at Palermo, Sicily.

See List of country-name etymologies and Muhammad al-Idrisi

Murmansk

Murmansk (Мурманск; Мурман ланнҍ; Muurman and Murmánska) is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far northwest part of Russia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Murmansk

Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

See List of country-name etymologies and Muslims

Myanmar

Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma (the official name until 1989), is a country in Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest.

See List of country-name etymologies and Myanmar

Mycenaean Greek

Mycenaean Greek is the most ancient attested form of the Greek language, on the Greek mainland and Crete in Mycenaean Greece (16th to 12th centuries BC), before the hypothesised Dorian invasion, often cited as the terminus ad quem for the introduction of the Greek language to Greece.

See List of country-name etymologies and Mycenaean Greek

Names of China

The names of China include the many contemporary and historical designations given in various languages for the East Asian country known as in Standard Chinese, a form based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. List of country-name etymologies and names of China are country name etymology.

See List of country-name etymologies and Names of China

Namib

The Namib (Namibe) is a coastal desert in Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Namib

Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Namibia

Natural History (Pliny)

The Natural History (Naturalis Historia) is a Latin work by Pliny the Elder.

See List of country-name etymologies and Natural History (Pliny)

Nauru

Nauru (or; Naoero), officially the Republic of Nauru (Repubrikin Naoero) and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country and microstate in Micronesia, part of Oceania in the Central Pacific.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nauru

Nauruan language

Nauruan or Nauru is an Austronesian language, spoken natively in the island country of Nauru.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nauruan language

Neo-Latin

Neo-LatinSidwell, Keith Classical Latin-Medieval Latin-Neo Latin in; others, throughout.

See List of country-name etymologies and Neo-Latin

Nepal

Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nepal

Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Netherlands

Nevis

Nevis is an island in the Caribbean Sea that forms part of the inner arc of the Leeward Islands chain of the West Indies.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nevis

New Hebrides

New Hebrides, officially the New Hebrides Condominium (Condominium des Nouvelles-Hébrides) and named after the Hebrides in Scotland, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu.

See List of country-name etymologies and New Hebrides

New Kingdom of Egypt

The New Kingdom, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, was the ancient Egyptian state between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and New Kingdom of Egypt

Nicaragua

Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the geographically largest country in Central America, comprising.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nicaragua

Niger

Niger or the Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Niger

Niger River

The Niger River is the main river of West Africa, extending about. Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through Mali, Niger, on the border with Benin and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Niger River

Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nigeria

Nile

The Nile (also known as the Nile River) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nile

Nimrod

Nimrod (ܢܡܪܘܕ; Numrūd) is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Genesis and Books of Chronicles.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nimrod

North Korea

North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and North Korea

Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann; Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland that is variously described as a country, province or region.

See List of country-name etymologies and Northern Ireland

Northern Rhodesia

Northern Rhodesia was a British protectorate in Southern Africa, now the independent country of Zambia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Northern Rhodesia

Norway

Norway (Norge, Noreg), formally the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula.

See List of country-name etymologies and Norway

Nyasaland

Nyasaland was a British protectorate located in Africa that was established in 1907 when the former British Central Africa Protectorate changed its name.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nyasaland

Nynorsk

Nynorsk is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål.

See List of country-name etymologies and Nynorsk

Oba of Benin

The Oba of Benin is the traditional ruler and the custodian of the culture of the Edo people and all Edoid people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Oba of Benin

Old Chinese

Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old Chinese

Old East Slavic

Old East Slavic (traditionally also Old Russian) was a language (or a group of dialects) used by the East Slavs from the 7th or 8th century to the 13th or 14th century, until it diverged into the Russian and Ruthenian languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old East Slavic

Old English

Old English (Englisċ or Ænglisc), or Anglo-Saxon, was the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old English

Old French

Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; ancien français) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France approximately between the late 8th and the mid-14th century.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old French

Old High German

Old High German (OHG; Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old High German

Old Norse

Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old Norse

Old Persian

Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire).

See List of country-name etymologies and Old Persian

Old Testament

The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Israelites.

See List of country-name etymologies and Old Testament

Oman

Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country in West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Oman

Oracle

An oracle is a person or thing considered to provide insight, wise counsel or prophetic predictions, most notably including precognition of the future, inspired by deities.

See List of country-name etymologies and Oracle

Orosius

Paulus Orosius (born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Orosius

Oscan language

Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Oscan language

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Turkish

Ottoman Turkish (Lisân-ı Osmânî,; Osmanlı Türkçesi) was the standardized register of the Turkish language in the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE).

See List of country-name etymologies and Ottoman Turkish

Oxford English Dictionary

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP), a University of Oxford publishing house.

See List of country-name etymologies and Oxford English Dictionary

Pakistan

Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pakistan

Palau

Palau, officially the Republic of Palau, is an island country in the Micronesia subregion of Oceania in the western Pacific.

See List of country-name etymologies and Palau

Palauan language

Palauan (a tekoi er a Belau) is a Malayo-Polynesian language native to the Republic of Palau, where it is one of the two official languages, alongside English.

See List of country-name etymologies and Palauan language

Pali

Pāli, also known as Pali-Magadhi, is a Middle Indo-Aryan liturgical language on the Indian subcontinent.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pali

Panama

Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Panama

Panama City

Panama City, also known as Panama (or Panamá in Spanish), is the capital and largest city of Panama.

See List of country-name etymologies and Panama City

Panchen Lama

The Panchen Lama is a tulku of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.

See List of country-name etymologies and Panchen Lama

Pantikapaion

Pantikapaion (Παντικάπαιον, from Scythian *Pantikapa 'fish-path'; Panticapaeum) was an ancient Greek city on the eastern shore of Crimea, which the Greeks called Taurica.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pantikapaion

Papal States

The Papal States (Stato Pontificio), officially the State of the Church (Stato della Chiesa; Status Ecclesiasticus), were a conglomeration of territories on the Apennine Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope from 756 to 1870.

See List of country-name etymologies and Papal States

Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia).

See List of country-name etymologies and Papua New Guinea

Paraguay

Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay (República del Paraguay; Paraguái Tavakuairetã), is a landlocked country in South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Paraguay

Paraná River

The Paraná River (Rio Paraná; Río Paraná; Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some."Parana River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012.

See List of country-name etymologies and Paraná River

Partitions of Poland

The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 123 years.

See List of country-name etymologies and Partitions of Poland

Patriarch

The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate), the Hussite Church, Church of the East, and some Independent Catholic Churches are termed patriarchs (and in certain cases also popes – such as the Pope of Rome or Pope of Alexandria, and catholicoi – such as Catholicos Karekin II, and Baselios Thomas I Catholicos of the East).

See List of country-name etymologies and Patriarch

Paubrasilia

Paubrasilia echinata is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil.

See List of country-name etymologies and Paubrasilia

Pechenegs

The Pechenegs or PatzinaksPeçeneq(lər), Peçenek(ler), Middle Turkic: بَجَنَكْ, Pecenegi, Печенег(и), Печеніг(и), Besenyő(k), Πατζινάκοι, Πετσενέγοι, Πατζινακίται, პაჭანიკი, pechenegi, печенези,; Печенези, Pacinacae, Bisseni were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia who spoke the Pecheneg language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pechenegs

Pedro de Alvarado

Pedro de Alvarado (c. 1485 – 4 July 1541) was a Spanish conquistador and governor of Guatemala.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pedro de Alvarado

Perseus

In Greek mythology, Perseus (Greek: Περσεύς, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of the Perseid dynasty.

See List of country-name etymologies and Perseus

Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Persian Gulf

Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Persian language

Personal union

A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct.

See List of country-name etymologies and Personal union

Peru

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River.

See List of country-name etymologies and Peru

Philip II of Spain

Philip II (21 May 152713 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent (Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598.

See List of country-name etymologies and Philip II of Spain

Philippines

The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Philippines

Philistines

The Philistines (Pəlīštīm; LXX: Phulistieím; Philistaei) were an ancient people who lived on the south coast of Canaan during the Iron Age in a confederation of city-states generally referred to as Philistia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Philistines

Phoenician language

Phoenician (Phoenician) is an extinct Canaanite Semitic language originally spoken in the region surrounding the cities of Tyre and Sidon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Phoenician language

Phthia

In Greek mythology Phthia (Φθία or Φθίη Phthía, Phthíē) was a city or district in ancient Thessaly.

See List of country-name etymologies and Phthia

Pictish language

Pictish is an extinct Brittonic Celtic language spoken by the Picts, the people of eastern and northern Scotland from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pictish language

Picts

The Picts were a group of peoples in what is now Scotland north of the Firth of Forth, in the Early Middle Ages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Picts

Piedmont

Piedmont (Piemonte,; Piemont), located in northwest Italy, is one of the 20 regions of Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Piedmont

Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza

Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de Brazza (born Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà; 26 January 1852 – 14 September 1905) was an Italian-French explorer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza

Pinyin

Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pinyin

Piracy

Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods.

See List of country-name etymologies and Piracy

Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pliny the Elder

Podgorica

Podgorica (Подгорица) is the capital and largest city of Montenegro.

See List of country-name etymologies and Podgorica

Poland

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Poland

Polis

Polis (πόλις), plural poleis (πόλεις), means ‘city’ in ancient Greek.

See List of country-name etymologies and Polis

Pomponius Mela

Pomponius Mela, who wrote around AD 43, was the earliest known Roman geographer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pomponius Mela

Pontifex maximus

The pontifex maximus (Latin for "supreme pontiff") was the chief high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pontifex maximus

Pope

The pope (papa, from lit) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pope

Porto

Porto, also known as Oporto, is the second largest city in Portugal, after Lisbon.

See List of country-name etymologies and Porto

Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.

See List of country-name etymologies and Portugal

Portuguese Empire

The Portuguese Empire (Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas or the Portuguese Colonial Empire, was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and later overseas territories, governed by the Kingdom of Portugal, and later the Republic of Portugal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Portuguese Empire

Portuguese Guinea

Portuguese Guinea (Guiné Portuguesa), called the Overseas Province of Guinea from 1951 until 1972 and then State of Guinea from 1972 until 1974, was a West African colony of Portugal from 1588 until 10 September 1974, when it gained independence as Guinea-Bissau.

See List of country-name etymologies and Portuguese Guinea

Portuguese Timor

Portuguese Timor (Timor Português) was a colonial possession of Portugal that existed between 1702 and 1975.

See List of country-name etymologies and Portuguese Timor

Prasat Baksei Chamkrong

Baksei Chamkrong (ប្រាសាទបក្សីចាំក្រុង, Prasat Băksei Chămkrŏng) is a small Hindu temple located in the Angkor complex (Siem Reap, Cambodia).

See List of country-name etymologies and Prasat Baksei Chamkrong

Prince of Orange

Prince of Orange (or Princess of Orange if the holder is female) is a title associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France and subsequently held by the stadtholders of, and then the heirs apparent of, the Netherlands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Prince of Orange

Proto-Germanic language

Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; also called Common Germanic) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Proto-Germanic language

Proto-Indo-European language

Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Proto-Indo-European language

Province of Canada

The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867.

See List of country-name etymologies and Province of Canada

Province of Granada

Granada is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Province of Granada

Province of Quebec (1763–1791)

The Province of Quebec (Province de Québec) was a colony in British North America which comprised the former French colony of Canada.

See List of country-name etymologies and Province of Quebec (1763–1791)

Ptah

Ptah (ptḥ, reconstructed; Φθά; ⲡⲧⲁϩ; Phoenician: 𐤐𐤕𐤇, romanized: ptḥ) is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god and patron deity of craftsmen and architects.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ptah

Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ptolemy

Punjab, Pakistan

Punjab (abbr. PB) is a province of Pakistan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Punjab, Pakistan

Pyrrha

In Greek mythology, Pyrrha (Pýrrha) was the daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora and wife of Deucalion of whom she had three sons, Hellen, Amphictyon, Orestheus; and three daughters Protogeneia, Pandora II and Thyia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Pyrrha

Qara Khitai

The Qara Khitai, or Kara Khitai, also known as the Western Liao, officially the Great Liao, was a dynastic regime based in Central Asia ruled by the Yelü clan of the Khitan people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Qara Khitai

Qin (state)

Qin (or Ch'in) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.

See List of country-name etymologies and Qin (state)

Qin dynasty

The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Qin dynasty

Quanzhou

Quanzhou is a prefecture-level port city on the north bank of the Jin River, beside the Taiwan Strait in southern Fujian, People's Republic of China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Quanzhou

Quebec Act

The Quebec Act, 1774 (Acte de Québec de 1774) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which set procedures of governance in the Province of Quebec.

See List of country-name etymologies and Quebec Act

Quebec City

Quebec City (or; Ville de Québec), officially known as Québec, is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec.

See List of country-name etymologies and Quebec City

Quechuan languages

Quechua, also called Runasimi ('people's language') in Southern Quechua, is an indigenous language family that originated in central Peru and thereafter spread to other countries of the Andes.

See List of country-name etymologies and Quechuan languages

Quito

Quito (Kitu), officially San Francisco de Quito, is the capital of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its metropolitan area.

See List of country-name etymologies and Quito

Quran

The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).

See List of country-name etymologies and Quran

Rab (island)

Rab (Arba, Arba, Arbe, Arbey) is an island in the northern Dalmatia region in Croatia, located just off the northern Croatian coast in the Adriatic Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Rab (island)

Ramayana

The Ramayana (translit-std), also known as Valmiki Ramayana, as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the Itihasas, the other being the Mahabharata.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ramayana

Ravana

Ravana was an ancient mythological king of the island of Lanka, and the chief antagonist in the Hindu epic Ramayana.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ravana

Río de la Plata

The Río de la Plata, also called the River Plate or La Plata River in English, is the estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River at Punta Gorda.

See List of country-name etymologies and Río de la Plata

Red Ruthenia

Red Ruthenia, or Red Rus' (Chervona Rus'; Ruś Czerwona; Ruthenia Rubra; Russia Rubra; Chervonnaya Rus' or Krasnaya Rus'; Rutenia Roșie), is a term used since the Middle Ages for the south-western principalities of the Kievan Rus', namely the Principality of Peremyshl and the Principality of Belz.

See List of country-name etymologies and Red Ruthenia

Red Sea

The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Red Sea

Republic of Genoa

The Republic of Genoa (Repúbrica de Zêna; Repubblica di Genova; Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast.

See List of country-name etymologies and Republic of Genoa

Republic of Ireland

Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Republic of Ireland

Republic of Upper Volta

The Republic of Upper Volta (République de Haute-Volta) was a landlocked West African country established on 11 December 1958 as a self-governing state within the French Community.

See List of country-name etymologies and Republic of Upper Volta

Republic of Venice

The Republic of Venice, traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and maritime republic with its capital in Venice.

See List of country-name etymologies and Republic of Venice

Rhine

--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.

See List of country-name etymologies and Rhine

Rhodesia

Rhodesia (Rodizha), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979.

See List of country-name etymologies and Rhodesia

Richard Francis Burton

Sir Richard Francis Burton (19 March 1821 – 20 October 1890) was a British explorer, writer, orientalist scholar, and soldier.

See List of country-name etymologies and Richard Francis Burton

Romagna

Romagna (Rumâgna) is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Romagna

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

See List of country-name etymologies and Roman Empire

Roman province

The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Roman province

Romance languages

The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin.

See List of country-name etymologies and Romance languages

Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Romania

Romanian language

Romanian (obsolete spelling: Roumanian; limba română, or românește) is the official and main language of Romania and Moldova.

See List of country-name etymologies and Romanian language

Romanians

Romanians (români,; dated exonym Vlachs) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation native to Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a common culture and ancestry, they speak the Romanian language and live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2021 Romanian census found that 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.

See List of country-name etymologies and Romanians

Roslagen

Roslagen is the name of the coastal areas of Uppland province in Sweden, which also constitutes the northern part of the Stockholm archipelago.

See List of country-name etymologies and Roslagen

Rouran Khaganate

The Rouran Khaganate, also known as Ruanruan or Juan-juan (or variously Jou-jan, Ruruan, Ju-juan, Ruru, Ruirui, Rouru, Rouruan or Tantan) was a tribal confederation and later state founded by a people of Proto-Mongolic Donghu origin.

See List of country-name etymologies and Rouran Khaganate

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, and a component of His Majesty's Naval Service.

See List of country-name etymologies and Royal Navy

Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Russia

Ruthenia

Ruthenia is an exonym, originally used in Medieval Latin, as one of several terms for Kievan Rus'.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ruthenia

Ruthenian language

Ruthenian (ру́скаꙗ мо́ва or ру́скїй ѧзы́къ; see also other names) is an exonymic linguonym for a closely related group of East Slavic linguistic varieties, particularly those spoken from the 15th to 18th centuries in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and in East Slavic regions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ruthenian language

Ruy López de Villalobos

Ruy López de Villalobos (– 23 April 1546) was a Spanish explorer who led a failed attempt to colonize the Philippines in 1544, attempting to assert Spanish control there under the terms of the treaties of Tordesillas and Zaragoza.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ruy López de Villalobos

Rwanda

Rwanda, officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

See List of country-name etymologies and Rwanda

Sabah

Sabah, or given nickname Sabah Bumi Di Bawah Bayu (means Sabah Land Below The Wind) is a state of Malaysia located on the northern portion of Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sabah

Saga

Sagas are prose stories and histories, composed in Iceland and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Scandinavia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saga

Sahel

The Sahel region or Sahelian acacia savanna is a biogeographical region in Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sahel

Sahrawis

The Sahrawis, or Sahrawi people (صحراويون), are an ethnic group native to the western part of the Sahara desert, which includes the Western Sahara, southern Morocco, much of Mauritania, and along the southwestern border of Algeria.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sahrawis

Saint Christopher

Saint Christopher (Ἅγιος Χριστόφορος,,; Sanctus Christophorus) is venerated by several Christian denominations as a martyr killed in the reign of the 3rd-century Roman emperor Decius, or alternatively under the emperor Maximinus Daia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Christopher

Saint Dominic

Saint Dominic, (Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), also known as Dominic de Guzmán, was a Castilian-French Catholic priest and the founder of the Dominican Order.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Dominic

Saint George

Saint George (Geṓrgios;Geʽez: ጊዮርጊስ, Geōrgius, გიორგი, Ge'orgiyos, Mar Giwargis, translit died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was an early Christian martyr who is venerated as a saint in Christianity.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint George

Saint Kitts

Saint Kitts, officially Saint Christopher, is an island in the West Indies.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Kitts

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Saint Kitts and Nevis, officially the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, is an island country consisting of the two islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis, both located in the West Indies, in the Leeward Islands chain of the Lesser Antilles.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Kitts and Nevis

Saint Lucia

Saint Lucia is an island country of the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Lucia

Saint Lucy

Lucia of Syracuse (283–304AD), also called Saint Lucia (Sancta Lucia) (and better known as Saint Lucy) was a Roman Christian martyr who died during the Diocletianic Persecution.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Lucy

Saint Marinus

Marinus (San Marino) was an Early Christian and the founder of a chapel and monastery in 301 from whose initial community the state of San Marino later grew.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Marinus

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island country in the eastern Caribbean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Samar

Samar is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census.

See List of country-name etymologies and Samar

Samoa

Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands (Manono and Apolima); and several smaller, uninhabited islands, including the Aleipata Islands (Nu'utele, Nu'ulua, Fanuatapu and Namua).

See List of country-name etymologies and Samoa

Samoan language

Samoan (Gagana faa Sāmoa or Gagana Sāmoa) is a Polynesian language spoken by Samoans of the Samoan Islands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Samoan language

Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain (Fichier OrigineFor a detailed analysis of his baptismal record, see RitchThe baptism act does not contain information about the age of Samuel, neither his birth date nor his place of birth. – 25 December 1635) was a French explorer, navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler.

See List of country-name etymologies and Samuel de Champlain

Samuel Purchas

Samuel Purchas (– 1626) was an English Anglican cleric who published several volumes of reports by travellers to foreign countries.

See List of country-name etymologies and Samuel Purchas

San Marino

San Marino (San Maréin or San Maroin), officially the Republic of San Marino (Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a European microstate and enclave within Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and San Marino

San Salvador

San Salvador is the capital and the largest city of El Salvador and its eponymous department.

See List of country-name etymologies and San Salvador

Sanjak

A sanjak (سنجاق,, "flag, banner") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sanjak

Sanskrit

Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sanskrit

Santo Domingo

Santo Domingo (meaning "Saint Dominic" but verbatim "Holy Sunday"), once known as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, known as Ciudad Trujillo between 1936 and 1961, is the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic and the largest metropolitan area in the Caribbean by population.

See List of country-name etymologies and Santo Domingo

Sarasvati River

The Sarasvati River is a mythologized and deified ancient river first mentioned in the Rigveda and later in Vedic and post-Vedic texts.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sarasvati River

Sarawak

Sarawak is a state of Malaysia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sarawak

Satrap

A satrap was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires.

See List of country-name etymologies and Satrap

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia and the Middle East.

See List of country-name etymologies and Saudi Arabia

Sámi peoples

The Sámi (also spelled Sami or Saami) are the traditionally Sámi-speaking Indigenous peoples inhabiting the region of Sápmi, which today encompasses large northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and of the Kola Peninsula in Russia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sámi peoples

Scheldt

The Scheldt (Escaut; Schelde) is a river that flows through northern France, western Belgium, and the southwestern part of the Netherlands, with its mouth at the North Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Scheldt

Schwyz

Schwyz (Schwytz; Svitto) is a town and the capital of the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Schwyz

Scoti

Scoti or Scotti is a Latin name for the Gaels,Duffy, Seán.

See List of country-name etymologies and Scoti

Scots language

ScotsThe endonym for Scots is Scots.

See List of country-name etymologies and Scots language

Scottish Gaelic

Scottish Gaelic (endonym: Gàidhlig), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland.

See List of country-name etymologies and Scottish Gaelic

Sebastian Cabot (explorer)

Sebastian Cabot (Italian and Sebastiano Caboto,; Sebastián Caboto, Gaboto or Cabot; 1474 – December 1557) was a Venetian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic and a Venetian citizen.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sebastian Cabot (explorer)

Seleucus I Nicator

Seleucus I Nicator (Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ) was a Macedonian Greek general, officer and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found the eponymous Seleucid Empire, led by the Seleucid dynasty.

See List of country-name etymologies and Seleucus I Nicator

Self-governing colony

In the British Empire, a self-governing colony was a colony with an elected government in which elected rulers were able to make most decisions without referring to the colonial power with nominal control of the colony.

See List of country-name etymologies and Self-governing colony

Semitic languages

The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Semitic languages

Senegal

Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. Senegal is bordered by Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea to the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to the southwest. Senegal nearly surrounds The Gambia, a country occupying a narrow sliver of land along the banks of the Gambia River, which separates Senegal's southern region of Casamance from the rest of the country.

See List of country-name etymologies and Senegal

Serbia

Serbia, officially the Republic of Serbia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Southeast and Central Europe, located in the Balkans and the Pannonian Plain.

See List of country-name etymologies and Serbia

Serbia and Montenegro

The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (Državna zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora) or simply Serbia and Montenegro (Srbija i Crna Gora), known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Savezna Republika Jugoslavija), FR Yugoslavia (FRY) or simply Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija), was a country in Southeast Europe located in the Balkans that existed from 1992 to 2006, following the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia).

See List of country-name etymologies and Serbia and Montenegro

Serbian language

Serbian (српски / srpski) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Serbs.

See List of country-name etymologies and Serbian language

Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian – also called Serbo-Croat, Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.

See List of country-name etymologies and Serbo-Croatian

Seychelles

Seychelles, officially the Republic of Seychelles (République des Seychelles; Seychellois Creole: Repiblik Sesel), is an island country and archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands (as per the Constitution) in the Indian Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Seychelles

Shah

Shah (شاه) is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of Indian and Iranian monarchies.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shah

Shan people

The Shan people (တႆး,; ရှမ်းလူမျိုး), also known as the Tai Long or Tai Yai, are a Tai ethnic group of Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shan people

Shanghainese

The Shanghainese language, also known as the Shanghai dialect, or Hu language, is a variety of Wu Chinese spoken in the central districts of the city of Shanghai and its surrounding areas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shanghainese

Sheikh

Sheikh (shaykh,, شُيُوخ, shuyūkh) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder".

See List of country-name etymologies and Sheikh

Shetland

Shetland, also called the Shetland Islands, is an archipelago in Scotland lying between Orkney, the Faroe Islands, and Norway.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shetland

Shona language

Shona (chiShona) is a Bantu language of the Shona people of Zimbabwe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shona language

Shri

Shri is a Sanskrit term denoting resplendence, wealth and prosperity, primarily used as an honorific.

See List of country-name etymologies and Shri

Siberia

Siberia (Sibir') is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.

See List of country-name etymologies and Siberia

Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone, (also,; Salone) officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sierra Leone

Sima Qian

Sima Qian (司馬遷; was a Chinese historian during the early Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his Records of the Grand Historian, a general history of China covering more than two thousand years beginning from the rise of the legendary Yellow Emperor and the formation of the first Chinese polity to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, during which Sima wrote.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sima Qian

Simón Bolívar

Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco (24July 178317December 1830) was a Venezuelan statesman and military officer who led what are currently the countries of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Panama, and Bolivia to independence from the Spanish Empire.

See List of country-name etymologies and Simón Bolívar

Sindh

Sindh (سِنْدھ,; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind) is a province of Pakistan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sindh

Singapore

Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Singapore

Sinicization

Sinicization, sinofication, sinification, or sinonization (from the prefix, 'Chinese, relating to China') is the process by which non-Chinese societies or groups are acculturated or assimilated into Chinese culture or society, particularly the language, societal norms, culture, and ethnic identity of the Han Chinese—the largest ethnic group of China.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sinicization

Slavic languages

The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slavic languages

Slavs

The Slavs or Slavic people are groups of people who speak Slavic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slavs

Slovakia

Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slovakia

Slovaks

The Slovaks (Slováci, singular: Slovák, feminine: Slovenka, plural: Slovenky) are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak the Slovak language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slovaks

Slovene language

Slovene or Slovenian (slovenščina) is a South Slavic language of the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slovene language

Slovenia

Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene), is a country in southern Central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Slovenia

Solomon

Solomon, also called Jedidiah, was a monarch of ancient Israel and the son and successor of King David, according to the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament.

See List of country-name etymologies and Solomon

Solomon Islands

Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, Islands of Destiny, Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is a country consisting of 21 major islands Guadalcanal, Malaita, Makira, Santa Isabel, Choiseul, New Georgia, Kolombangara, Rennell, Vella Lavella, Vangunu, Nendo, Maramasike, Rendova, Shortland, San Jorge, Banie, Ranongga, Pavuvu, Nggela Pile and Nggela Sule, Tetepare, (which are bigger in area than 100 square kilometres) and over 900 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, to the northeast of Australia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Solomon Islands

Somalia

Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Somalia

Somaliland

Somaliland, officially the Republic of Somaliland, is an unrecognised country in the Horn of Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Somaliland

Sorbs

Sorbs (Serbja, Serby, Sorben, Lužičtí Srbové, Serbołużyczanie; also known as Lusatians, Lusatian Serbs and Wends) are a West Slavic ethnic group predominantly inhabiting the parts of Lusatia located in the German states of Saxony and Brandenburg.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sorbs

Sotho language

Sotho Sesotho, also known as Southern Sotho or Sesotho sa Borwa is a Southern Bantu language of the Sotho–Tswana ("S.30") group, spoken in Lesotho, and South Africa where it is an official language.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sotho language

Sotho people

The Sotho, also known as the Basotho, are a prominent Sotho-Tswana ethnic group native to Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sotho people

South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and South Korea

South West Africa

South West Africa, renamed to Namibia from 12 June 1968, was a South African Province under South African administration from 1915 to 1990, after which it became modern-day Namibia.

See List of country-name etymologies and South West Africa

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Southeast Asia

Southern Rhodesia

Southern Rhodesia was a landlocked, self-governing British Crown colony in Southern Africa, established in 1923 and consisting of British South Africa Company (BSAC) territories lying south of the Zambezi River.

See List of country-name etymologies and Southern Rhodesia

Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

See List of country-name etymologies and Soviet Union

Spain

Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Spain

Spanish Empire

The Spanish Empire, sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy, was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976.

See List of country-name etymologies and Spanish Empire

Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Spanish language

Spanish March

The Spanish March or Hispanic March was a military buffer zone established c.795 by Charlemagne in the eastern Pyrenees and nearby areas, to protect the new territories of the Christian Carolingian Empire - the Duchy of Gascony, the Duchy of Aquitaine, and Septimania - from the Muslim Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in al-Andalus.

See List of country-name etymologies and Spanish March

Spice trade

The spice trade involved historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Spice trade

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, historically known as Ceylon, and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sri Lanka

St. Lawrence River

The St.

See List of country-name etymologies and St. Lawrence River

Stadtholder

In the Low Countries, a stadtholder (stadhouder) was a steward, first appointed as a medieval official and ultimately functioning as a national leader.

See List of country-name etymologies and Stadtholder

State of Palestine

Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in the southern Levant region of West Asia, encompassing the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, within the larger historic Palestine region.

See List of country-name etymologies and State of Palestine

Strabo

StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.

See List of country-name etymologies and Strabo

Stratovolcano

A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra.

See List of country-name etymologies and Stratovolcano

Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa, Subsahara, or Non-Mediterranean Africa is the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lie south of the Sahara.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sub-Saharan Africa

Sudan

Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sudan

Sumatra

Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sumatra

Sumer

Sumer is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sumer

Sumerian language

Sumerian (Also written 𒅴𒄀 eme-gi.ePSD2 entry for emegir.|'native language'|) was the language of ancient Sumer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sumerian language

Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.

See List of country-name etymologies and Sun

Suriname

Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname (Republiek Suriname), is a country in northern South America, sometimes considered part of the Caribbean and the West Indies.

See List of country-name etymologies and Suriname

Swazi people

The Swazi or Swati (Swati: Emaswati, singular Liswati) are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa, inhabiting Eswatini, a sovereign kingdom in Southern Africa, and South Africa's Mpumalanga province.

See List of country-name etymologies and Swazi people

Swedes (tribe)

The Swedes (svear; Old Norse: svíar; probably from the PIE reflexive pronominal root *s(w)e, "one's own ";Bandle, Oskar. 2002. The Nordic languages: an international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. 2002. P.391 Swēon) were a North Germanic tribe who inhabited Svealand ("land of the Swedes") in central Sweden and one of the progenitor groups of modern Swedes, along with Geats and Gutes.

See List of country-name etymologies and Swedes (tribe)

Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Switzerland

Syriac

Syriac may refer to.

See List of country-name etymologies and Syriac

Syriac language

The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.

See List of country-name etymologies and Syriac language

Tagalog language

Tagalog (Baybayin) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the population of the Philippines, and as a second language by the majority.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tagalog language

Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Taiwan

Tajikistan

Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tajikistan

Tajiks

Tajiks (Tājīk, Tājek; Tojik) are a Persian-speaking Iranian ethnic group native to Central Asia, living primarily in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tajiks

Tamil language

Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tamil language

Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty (唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tang dynasty

Tanganyika (1961–1964)

Tanganyika was a sovereign state, comprising the mainland part of present-day Tanzania, that existed from 1961 until 1964.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tanganyika (1961–1964)

Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, (formerly Swahililand) is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tanzania

Tbilisi State University

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (tr; often shortened to its historical name, Tbilisi State University or TSU) is a public research university established on 8 February 1918 in Tbilisi, Georgia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tbilisi State University

Temasek

Temasek (also spelt Temasik) is an early recorded name of a settlement on the site of modern Singapore.

See List of country-name etymologies and Temasek

Tengri

Tengri (lit; Old Uyghur: tängri; Middle Turkic: تآنغرِ; تڭری; Теңир; Тәңір; Tanrı; Tanrı; Тангра; Proto-Turkic: *teŋri / *taŋrɨ; Mongolian script:, T'ngri; Тэнгэр, Tenger; تەڭرى, tengri) is the all-encompassing God of Heaven in the traditional Turkic, Yeniseian, Mongolic, and various other nomadic Altaic religious beliefs.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tengri

Terceira Island

Terceira is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago, about a third of the way across the North Atlantic Ocean at a similar latitude to Portugal's capital Lisbon, and the island group is an insular part of Portugal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Terceira Island

Terra Australis

Terra Australis (Latin) was a hypothetical continent first posited in antiquity and which appeared on maps between the 15th and 18th centuries.

See List of country-name etymologies and Terra Australis

Teutons

The Teutons (Teutones, Teutoni, Τεύτονες) were an ancient northern European tribe mentioned by Roman authors.

See List of country-name etymologies and Teutons

Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula.

See List of country-name etymologies and Thailand

The Bahamas

The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and The Bahamas

The Gambia

The Gambia, officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and The Gambia

The Wizard of Oz

The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM).

See List of country-name etymologies and The Wizard of Oz

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a 1900 children's novel written by author L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W. W. Denslow.

See List of country-name etymologies and The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

Thessaly

Thessaly (translit; ancient Thessalian: Πετθαλία) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name.

See List of country-name etymologies and Thessaly

Thomas Sankara

Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara (21 December 1949 – 15 October 1987) was a Burkinabè military officer, Marxist revolutionary and Pan-Africanist who served as President of Burkina Faso from his coup in 1983 to his assassination in 1987.

See List of country-name etymologies and Thomas Sankara

Thomas the Apostle

Thomas the Apostle (Θωμᾶς, romanized: Thōmâs; Aramaic ܬܐܘܡܐ, romanized:, meaning "the twin"), also known as Didymus (Greek: Δίδυμος, romanized: Dídymos, meaning "twin"), was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament.

See List of country-name etymologies and Thomas the Apostle

Thoth

Thoth (from Θώθ Thṓth, borrowed from Ⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧ Thōout, Egyptian:, the reflex of ḏḥwtj " is like the ibis") is an ancient Egyptian deity.

See List of country-name etymologies and Thoth

Three Kingdoms of Korea

The Three Kingdoms of Korea or Samhan (Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla) competed for hegemony over the Korean Peninsula during the ancient period of Korean history.

See List of country-name etymologies and Three Kingdoms of Korea

Tibet

Tibet (Böd), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tibet

Tigris

The Tigris (see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tigris

Timor

Timor (Ilha de Timor, Illa Timór, Pulau Timor) is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Timor

Tocharian languages

The Tocharian (sometimes Tokharian) languages, also known as the Arśi-Kuči, Agnean-Kuchean or Kuchean-Agnean languages, are an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family spoken by inhabitants of the Tarim Basin, the Tocharians.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tocharian languages

Togo

Togo, officially the Togolese Republic, is a country in West Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Togo

Tonga

Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga (Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tonga

Tongan language

Tongan (English pronunciation:; lea fakatonga) is an Austronesian language of the Polynesian branch native to the island nation of Tonga.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tongan language

Toponymy

Toponymy, toponymics, or toponomastics is the study of toponyms (proper names of places, also known as place names and geographic names), including their origins, meanings, usage and types.

See List of country-name etymologies and Toponymy

Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR or TSFSR), also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, or simply Transcaucasia, was a republic of the Soviet Union that existed from 1922 to 1936.

See List of country-name etymologies and Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

Transliteration

Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one script to another that involves swapping letters (thus trans- + liter-) in predictable ways, such as Greek →, Cyrillic →, Greek → the digraph, Armenian → or Latin →.

See List of country-name etymologies and Transliteration

Treaty of Tordesillas

The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in Tordesillas, Spain, on 7 June 1494, and ratified in Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile, along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Treaty of Tordesillas

Trinity

The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (from 'threefold') is the central doctrine concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three,, consubstantial divine persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Spirit, three distinct persons (hypostases) sharing one essence/substance/nature (homoousion).

See List of country-name etymologies and Trinity

Tripoli, Libya

Tripoli (translation) is the capital and largest city of Libya, with a population of about 1.183 million people in 2023.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tripoli, Libya

Troy

Troy (translit; Trōia; 𒆳𒌷𒋫𒊒𒄿𒊭|translit.

See List of country-name etymologies and Troy

Tswana language

Tswana, also known by its native name Setswana, and previously spelled Sechuana in English, is a Bantu language spoken in and indigenous to Southern Africa by about 8.2 million people.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tswana language

Tswana people

The Tswana (Batswana, singular Motswana) are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tswana people

Tuareg languages

The Tuareg languages constitute a group of closely related Berber languages and dialects.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tuareg languages

Tunis

Tunis (تونس) is the capital and largest city of Tunisia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tunis

Tunisia

Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is the northernmost country in Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tunisia

Tupi language

Old Tupi, Ancient Tupi or Classical Tupi is a classical Tupian language which was spoken by the indigenous Tupi people of Brazil, mostly those who inhabited coastal regions in South and Southeast Brazil.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tupi language

Turkic languages

The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Turkic languages

Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Turkic peoples

Turkish language

Turkish (Türkçe, Türk dili also Türkiye Türkçesi 'Turkish of Turkey') is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 90 to 100 million speakers.

See List of country-name etymologies and Turkish language

Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.

See List of country-name etymologies and Turkmenistan

Tutsi

The Tutsi, also called Watusi, Watutsi or Abatutsi, are an ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tutsi

Tuvalu

Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is an island country in the Polynesian subregion of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean, about midway between Hawaii and Australia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tuvalu

Tuvaluan language

Tuvaluan, often called Tuvalu, is a Polynesian language closely related to the Ellicean group spoken in Tuvalu.

See List of country-name etymologies and Tuvaluan language

Ubangi River

The Ubangi River, also spelled Oubangui, (Mto Ubangi, Fleuve Oubangui, Mubangi Stroom) is a river in Central Africa, and the largest right-bank tributary of the Congo River. It begins at the confluence of the Mbomou (mean annual discharge 1,350 m3/s) and Uele Rivers (mean annual discharge 1,550 m3/s) and flows west, forming the border between Central African Republic (CAR) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

See List of country-name etymologies and Ubangi River

Ubangi-Shari

Ubangi-Shari (Oubangui-Chari) was a French colony in central Africa, a part of French Equatorial Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ubangi-Shari

Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uganda

Ugric languages

The Ugric or Ugrian languages are a branch of the Uralic language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ugric languages

Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ukraine

Ukrainian language

Ukrainian (label) is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European language family spoken primarily in Ukraine.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ukrainian language

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991.

See List of country-name etymologies and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

Unification of Italy

The unification of Italy (Unità d'Italia), also known as the Risorgimento, was the 19th century political and social movement that in 1861 resulted in the consolidation of various states of the Italian Peninsula and its outlying isles into a single state, the Kingdom of Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Unification of Italy

United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE), or simply the Emirates, is a country in West Asia, in the Middle East.

See List of country-name etymologies and United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

See List of country-name etymologies and United Kingdom

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.

See List of country-name etymologies and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

United States Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence, formally titled The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen States of America in both the engrossed version and the original printing, is the founding document of the United States.

See List of country-name etymologies and United States Declaration of Independence

University of Michigan

The University of Michigan (U-M, UMich, or simply Michigan) is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

See List of country-name etymologies and University of Michigan

University of Tartu

The University of Tartu (UT; Tartu Ülikool; Universitas Tartuensis) is a public research university located in the city of Tartu, Estonia.

See List of country-name etymologies and University of Tartu

Upper Canada

The Province of Upper Canada (province du Haut-Canada) was a part of British Canada established in 1791 by the Kingdom of Great Britain, to govern the central third of the lands in British North America, formerly part of the Province of Quebec since 1763.

See List of country-name etymologies and Upper Canada

Upper Peru

Upper Peru is a name for the land that was governed by the Real Audiencia of Charcas.

See List of country-name etymologies and Upper Peru

Uralic languages

The Uralic languages, sometimes called the Uralian languages, form a language family of 42 languages spoken predominantly in Europe and North Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uralic languages

Urartian language

Urartian or Vannic is an extinct Hurro-Urartian language which was spoken by the inhabitants of the ancient kingdom of Urartu (Biaini or Biainili in Urartian), which was centered on the region around Lake Van and had its capital, Tushpa, near the site of the modern town of Van in the Armenian highlands, now in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey.

See List of country-name etymologies and Urartian language

Urdu

Urdu (اُردُو) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Urdu

Uruguay

Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uruguay

Uruguay River

The Uruguay River (Río Uruguay; Rio Uruguai) is a major river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano and Colonia in Uruguay.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uruguay River

Uruk

Uruk, known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uruk

Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Uzbekistan

Vaduz

Vaduz (or, High Alemannic pronunciation)Hans Stricker, Toni Banzer, Herbert Hilbe: Liechtensteiner Namenbuch.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vaduz

Vanuatu

Vanuatu, officially the Republic of Vanuatu (République de Vanuatu; Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country in Melanesia, located in the South Pacific Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vanuatu

Vasco da Gama

D. Vasco da Gama, 1st Count of Vidigueira (– 24 December 1524), was a Portuguese explorer and nobleman who was the first European to reach India by sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vasco da Gama

Vatican City

Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a landlocked sovereign country, city-state, microstate, and enclave within Rome, Italy.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vatican City

Vatican Hill

Vatican Hill (Mons Vaticanus; Colle Vaticano) is a hill in Rome, located on the right bank of Tiber river, opposite to the traditional seven hills of Rome.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vatican Hill

Vedic Sanskrit

Vedic Sanskrit, also simply referred as the Vedic language, is an ancient language of the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European language family.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vedic Sanskrit

Venetian language

Venetian, wider Venetian or Venetan (łengua vèneta or vèneto) is a Romance language spoken natively in the northeast of Italy,Ethnologue mostly in Veneto, where most of the five million inhabitants can understand it.

See List of country-name etymologies and Venetian language

Venezuela

Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea.

See List of country-name etymologies and Venezuela

Venice

Venice (Venezia; Venesia, formerly Venexia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.

See List of country-name etymologies and Venice

Viceroyalty of New Granada

The Viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada (Virreinato del Nuevo Reino de Granada), also called Viceroyalty of New Granada or Viceroyalty of Santafé, was the name given on 27 May 1717 to the jurisdiction of the Spanish Empire in northern South America, corresponding to modern Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Venezuela.

See List of country-name etymologies and Viceroyalty of New Granada

Viet Minh

The Việt Minh (abbreviated from Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh, 越南獨立同盟; Ligue pour l'indépendance du Viêt Nam) was a national independence coalition formed at Pác Bó by Hồ Chí Minh on 19 May 1941.

See List of country-name etymologies and Viet Minh

Vietnam

Vietnam, officially the (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vietnam

Vila Nova de Gaia

Vila Nova de Gaia (Cale), or simply Gaia, is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vila Nova de Gaia

Visconte Maggiolo

Visconte Maggiolo (1478 – after 1549), also spelled Maiollo and Maiolo, was a Genoese cartographer.

See List of country-name etymologies and Visconte Maggiolo

Vistula Veneti

The Vistula Veneti, also called Baltic Veneti or Venedi, were an Indo-European people that inhabited the lands of central Europe east of the Vistula River and the Bay of Gdańsk.

See List of country-name etymologies and Vistula Veneti

Voivode

Voivode, also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode, voivoda, vojvoda or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Middle Ages.

See List of country-name etymologies and Voivode

Volta River

The Volta River (Asuo Firaw, Amuga) is the main river system in the West African country of Ghana.

See List of country-name etymologies and Volta River

Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia (lit,; Old Romanian: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рꙋмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of modern-day Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia was traditionally divided into two sections, Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia).

See List of country-name etymologies and Wallachia

Wallonia

Wallonia (Wallonie), officially the Walloon Region (Région wallonne), is one of the three regions of Belgium—along with Flanders and Brussels.

See List of country-name etymologies and Wallonia

West Bank

The West Bank (aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; HaGadáh HaMaʽarávit), so called due to its location relative to the Jordan River, is the larger of the two Palestinian territories (the other being the Gaza Strip).

See List of country-name etymologies and West Bank

West Bengal

West Bengal (Bengali: Poshchim Bongo,, abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India.

See List of country-name etymologies and West Bengal

West Slavic languages

The West Slavic languages are a subdivision of the Slavic language group.

See List of country-name etymologies and West Slavic languages

West Timor

West Timor (Timor Barat) is an area covering the western part of the island of Timor, except for the district of Oecussi-Ambeno (an East Timorese exclave).

See List of country-name etymologies and West Timor

Western Sahara

Western Sahara is a disputed territory in North-western Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Western Sahara

White Cliffs of Dover

The White Cliffs of Dover are the region of English coastline facing the Strait of Dover and France.

See List of country-name etymologies and White Cliffs of Dover

White people

White (often still referred to as Caucasian) is a racial classification of people generally used for those of mostly European ancestry.

See List of country-name etymologies and White people

White Sea

The White Sea (Beloye more; Karelian and lit; Serako yam) is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia.

See List of country-name etymologies and White Sea

Wolof language

Wolof (Wolof làkk, وࣷلࣷفْ لࣵکّ) is a Niger–Congo language spoken by the Wolof people in much of West African subregion of Senegambia that is split between the countries of Senegal, Mauritania, and the Gambia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Wolof language

Xhosa language

Xhosa, formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Nguni language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

See List of country-name etymologies and Xhosa language

Yahweh

Yahweh was an ancient Levantine deity, and the national god of the Israelite kingdoms of Israel and Judah, later the god of Judaism and its other descendant Abrahamic religions.

See List of country-name etymologies and Yahweh

Yaqut al-Hamawi

Yāqūt Shihāb al-Dīn ibn-ʿAbdullāh al-Rūmī al-Ḥamawī (1179–1229) (ياقوت الحموي الرومي) was a Muslim scholar of Byzantine ancestry active during the late Abbasid period (12th–13th centuries).

See List of country-name etymologies and Yaqut al-Hamawi

Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a sovereign state in West Asia.

See List of country-name etymologies and Yemen

Yoruba language

Yoruba (Yor. Èdè Yorùbá,; Ajami: عِدعِ يوْرُبا) is a language that is spoken in West Africa, primarily in Southwestern and Central Nigeria.

See List of country-name etymologies and Yoruba language

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia (Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија) was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992.

See List of country-name etymologies and Yugoslavia

Zachlumia

Zachlumia or Zachumlia (Захумље), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, respectively).

See List of country-name etymologies and Zachlumia

Zaire

Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire, was the name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1971 to 1997.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zaire

Zambezi

The Zambezi (also spelled Zambeze and Zambesi) is the fourth-longest river in Africa, the longest east-flowing river in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa. Its drainage basin covers, slightly less than half of the Nile's. The river rises in Zambia and flows through eastern Angola, along the north-eastern border of Namibia and the northern border of Botswana, then along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe to Mozambique, where it crosses the country to empty into the Indian Ocean.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zambezi

Zambia

Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zambia

Zanzibar

Zanzibar is an insular semi-autonomous region which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zanzibar

Zeeland

Zeeland (Zeêland; historical English exonym Zealand) is the westernmost and least populous province of the Netherlands.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zeeland

Zeta (river)

The Zeta (Serbian Cyrillic: Зета) is a river in Montenegro.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zeta (river)

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, relief map Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe Rhodesia

Zimbabwe Rhodesia, alternatively known as Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, also informally known as Zimbabwe or Rhodesia, was a short-lived sovereign state that existed from 1 June 1979 to 18 April 1980, though lacked international recognition.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zimbabwe Rhodesia

Zirid dynasty

The Zirid dynasty (translit), Banu Ziri (translit), was a Sanhaja Berber dynasty from what is now Algeria which ruled the central Maghreb from 972 to 1014 and Ifriqiya (eastern Maghreb) from 972 to 1148.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zirid dynasty

Zoroastrianism

Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion.

See List of country-name etymologies and Zoroastrianism

See also

Lists of country names

• List of Latin names of countries
• List of Latin names of regions
• List of alternative country names
• List of countries and dependencies and their capitals in native languages
• List of countries named after people
• List of country-name etymologies
• List of homonymous states and regions
• List of official names of South Africa
• Names of the Qing dynasty

Lists of place name etymologies

• Etymology of localities of Hyderabad
• List of Antarctic features named after Norwegian royalty
• List of Australian place names of Aboriginal origin
• List of Brazil state name etymologies
• List of Bulgaria province name etymologies
• List of Celtic place names in Portugal
• List of Etosha National Park placename etymologies
• List of Hong Kong placename etymologies
• List of Indian state and union territory name etymologies
• List of Irish county nicknames
• List of Japanese prefectural name etymologies
• List of Kangchu system placename etymologies
• List of Korean placename etymologies
• List of Mexican state name etymologies
• List of Nepal placename etymologies
• List of New Zealand place name etymologies
• List of Romania county name etymologies
• List of Russian federal subject name etymologies
• List of continent name etymologies
• List of countries named after people
• List of country-name etymologies
• List of districtual name etymologies of Ho Chi Minh City
• List of etymologies of administrative divisions
• List of features in Greenland named after Greenlandic Inuit
• List of generic Chinese toponyms
• List of geographic acronyms and initialisms
• List of geographic anagrams and anadromes
• List of geographic portmanteaus
• List of locations in Sri Lanka with an English name
• List of locations named after Corinth
• List of national capital city name etymologies
• List of placenames of Indigenous origin in the Americas
• List of places named after animals
• List of places named after people
• List of places named after places in the United States
• List of places named after the Jews
• List of places named for their main products
• List of populated places named after populated places
• List of provincial name etymologies of the Philippines
• List of river name etymologies
• List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States
• List of tautological place names
• Lists of North American place name etymologies
• Place names in China

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_country-name_etymologies

Also known as Country etymologies, Country name etymologies, Country name meanings, Country names etymology, Etymology of country names, List of country name etymologies, List of etymologies of country names, List of meanings of countries' names, Name of Kuwait, Name of the United Arab Emirates, Origin of state names.

, Austria-Hungary, Austrian Netherlands, Avestan, Axum, Aymara language, Azerbaijan, Azores, Éire, Ériu, Baiyue, Balochistan, Pakistan, Baltic Germans, Baltic languages, Balts, Bambara language, Banba, Bangladesh, Barbados, Barbuda, Bartolomé de las Casas, Basque language, Basutoland, Batavi (Germanic tribe), Bảo Đại, Bechuanaland Protectorate, Bedouin, Behistun Inscription, Beja, Portugal, Belarus, Belarusian language, Belarusians, Belgae, Belgian Congo, Belgium, Belize, Bengal, Benin, Benin City, Berber languages, Berbers, Berlin Conference, Bible, Bight of Benin, Biscay, Black Ruthenia, Black Sea, Boeotia, Bogotá, Bohemia, Boii, Bokmål, Bolivia, Book of Genesis, Borneo, Bosna (river), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnian language, Botswana, Brazil, Brazzaville, Breton language, Brigid, British Guiana, British Honduras, British Somaliland, British Togoland, Brittany, Bronze Age, Brunei, Brutus of Troy, Bulgaria, Bulgars, Burkina Faso, Burmese language, Business, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Cacique, Cailleach, Calabria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada East, Canadian Confederation, Cap-Vert, Carol I of Romania, Carpathian Mountains, Catalan language, Catalogue of Ships, Cathay, Caucasian Albania, Côte d'Ivoire, Cecil Rhodes, Celtic languages, Celts, Central African Republic, Chad, Champa, Charlemagne, Chile, Chili pepper, China, China proper, Chinese characters, Christopher Columbus, Civilization, Cognate, Colombia, Comoros, Comune, Conakry, Congo Free State, Congo River, Conquistador, Constantine VII, Constitution of the United States, Coptic language, Cornish language, Costa Rica, Country, Creation myth, Croatia, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Cuanza River, Cumae, Cupressus, Cush (Bible), Cyprus, Cyrenaica, Czech language, Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia, Czechs, Dacia, Dacians, Dahomey, Damballa, Danes (tribe), Darius the Great, David Livingstone, De Administrando Imperio, Dead Sea, Demeter, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Demographics of Malaysia, Denmark, Deucalion, Dʿmt, Diadochi, Diego de Almagro, Diminutive, Diyarbakır, Djenné, Dodona, Dominican Republic, Dorians, Douro, Dragon's blood, Duchy of Schleswig, Durrës, Dutch East India Company, Dyula language, East India Company, East Pakistan, Ebla, Ecuador, Edward Sapir, Egyptian language, El Salvador, Elamite language, Emir, Emirate, Emirate of Transjordan, Encyclopædia Britannica, Epic poetry, Epirus, Equatorial Guinea, Estonian language, Estuary, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Euphrates, European bison, European maritime exploration of Australia, Eusebius, Ewe language, False etymology, Fódla, Federated States of Micronesia, Fen, Fenni, Fezzan, Ficus, Fiji, Fijian language, Finland, Finno-Ugric languages, Finns, Firth, Fjord, Fon language, Food and Agriculture Organization, Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan), Francesco Crispi, Francisco de Miranda, Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, French Algeria, French colonization of the Americas, French Congo, French Fifth Republic, French Guinea, French Indochina, French language, French Somaliland, French Sudan, French Territory of the Afars and the Issas, French Third Republic, Gabon, Gallia Belgica, Gambia River, Gaul, Geʽez, Genitive case, Geoffrey of Monmouth, Georgia (country), Georgian language, Georgians, German language, Germania, Germania (book), Germanic languages, Germany, Ghana, Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Gilbert Islands, Gilgamesh, Goguryeo, Gojoseon, Gold Coast (British colony), Golden Horde, Goryeo, Governor of New South Wales, Grammatical gender, Granada, Great Zimbabwe, Greece, Greek language, Greenland, Grenadines, Guaraní people, Guarani language, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guizhou, Gulf of Guinea, Gustav Nachtigal, Haiti, Ham (son of Noah), Hastings Banda, Hayk, Hebrew Bible, Hebrew language, Hebrides, Hecataeus of Miletus, Helen of Troy, Hellen, Hellenistic period, Helmand River, Helvetia, Helvetii, Henry Morton Stanley, Hercules, Herodotus, Hesychius of Alexandria, Hibernia, Himalayas, Hindi, Hindustan, Hippopotamus, Hispanic America, Hispaniola, History of Haiti, Ho Chi Minh, Holland, Holy Roman Emperor, Homer, Homonhon, Honduras, Honey, Houegbadja, House of Saud, House of Stuart, Hungary, Huns, Hypercorrection, Iceland, Ifẹ, Illyrians, Immaculate Conception, Inca Empire, India, Indigenous peoples, Indo-Gangetic Plain, Indonesia, Indonesian language, Indus River, Iran, Irish Free State, Iroquoian languages, Isatis tinctoria, Ischia, Isis, Italian language, Italian Somaliland, Italians, Italus, Italy, Jacob, Jacques Cartier, Jamaica, James Cook, James Rennell, Japan, Java, Javanese language, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Jordan River, Julius Caesar, Kalinago, Kamerun, Kanuri language, Kashmir, Kashubian language, Katipunan, Kazakh language, Kazakhs, Kazakhstan, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Kenya, Khanty, Khazars, Khoekhoe language, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kikuyu people, Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Great Britain, Kingdom of Iberia, Kingdom of Ireland, Kinshasa, Kinyarwanda, Kiribati, Kongo language, Kongo people, Kosovo Polje, Kura (river), Kyrgyzstan, L. Frank Baum, Lachlan Macquarie, Laguna (province), Lake Chad, Lake Malawi, Lake Maracaibo, Lake Nicaragua, Lake Tanganyika, Lan Xang, Languages of India, Lanka, Lao language, Lao people, Laos, Latin, Latvia, Lebanon, Leo Africanus, Leopold II of Belgium, Lesotho, Leyte, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lion, Lisbon, List of Byzantine emperors, List of continent name etymologies, List of etymologies of administrative divisions, List of kings of Rwanda, List of places named after people, List of Spanish monarchs, List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States, List of sultans of Brunei, List of United Kingdom county name etymologies, Lists of etymologies, Lithuania, Lithuanian language, Littoral zone, Livonian language, Lot (biblical person), Louis the Pious, Louis XV, Low German, Lower Austria, Lower Canada, Lusitania, Lusitanians, Luxembourg, Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedonia (region), Madagascar, Maghreb, Mahabharata, Mainland Southeast Asia, Malawi, Malay language, Malay Peninsula, Malayalam, Malays (ethnic group), Maldives, Mali, Malta, Maltese language, Mandarin Chinese, Mandeville's Travels, Mansi people, Mapocho River, Mapuche language, March (territory), Marco Polo, Marcus Terentius Varro, Mari language, Marrakesh, Marshall Islands, Marshallese language, Mauretania, Maurice, Prince of Orange, Mauritius, Mayan languages, Māori language, Memphis, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Metathesis (linguistics), Metonymy, Meuse, Middle Chinese, Miguel López de Legazpi, Milesians (Irish), Mindon Min, Mindoro, Mingrelian language, Ministry of finance, Moa, Modern Greek, Mogadishu, Moldavia, Moldova, Mon language, Monaco, Mongol Empire, Mongolia, Mongolian language, Mongolic languages, Mongols, Montenegro, Moors, Moravia, Morocco, Mount Kenya, Mount Lebanon, Mozambique, Muhammad al-Idrisi, Murmansk, Muslims, Myanmar, Mycenaean Greek, Names of China, Namib, Namibia, Natural History (Pliny), Nauru, Nauruan language, Neo-Latin, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevis, New Hebrides, New Kingdom of Egypt, Nicaragua, Niger, Niger River, Nigeria, Nile, Nimrod, North Korea, Northern Ireland, Northern Rhodesia, Norway, Nyasaland, Nynorsk, Oba of Benin, Old Chinese, Old East Slavic, Old English, Old French, Old High German, Old Norse, Old Persian, Old Testament, Oman, Oracle, Orosius, Oscan language, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turkish, Oxford English Dictionary, Pakistan, Palau, Palauan language, Pali, Panama, Panama City, Panchen Lama, Pantikapaion, Papal States, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Paraná River, Partitions of Poland, Patriarch, Paubrasilia, Pechenegs, Pedro de Alvarado, Perseus, Persian Gulf, Persian language, Personal union, Peru, Philip II of Spain, Philippines, Philistines, Phoenician language, Phthia, Pictish language, Picts, Piedmont, Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, Pinyin, Piracy, Pliny the Elder, Podgorica, Poland, Polis, Pomponius Mela, Pontifex maximus, Pope, Porto, Portugal, Portuguese Empire, Portuguese Guinea, Portuguese Timor, Prasat Baksei Chamkrong, Prince of Orange, Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Indo-European language, Province of Canada, Province of Granada, Province of Quebec (1763–1791), Ptah, Ptolemy, Punjab, Pakistan, Pyrrha, Qara Khitai, Qin (state), Qin dynasty, Quanzhou, Quebec Act, Quebec City, Quechuan languages, Quito, Quran, Rab (island), Ramayana, Ravana, Río de la Plata, Red Ruthenia, Red Sea, Republic of Genoa, Republic of Ireland, Republic of Upper Volta, Republic of Venice, Rhine, Rhodesia, Richard Francis Burton, Romagna, Roman Empire, Roman province, Romance languages, Romania, Romanian language, Romanians, Roslagen, Rouran Khaganate, Royal Navy, Russia, Ruthenia, Ruthenian language, Ruy López de Villalobos, Rwanda, Sabah, Saga, Sahel, Sahrawis, Saint Christopher, Saint Dominic, Saint George, Saint Kitts, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Lucy, Saint Marinus, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samar, Samoa, Samoan language, Samuel de Champlain, Samuel Purchas, San Marino, San Salvador, Sanjak, Sanskrit, Santo Domingo, Sarasvati River, Sarawak, Satrap, Saudi Arabia, Sámi peoples, Scheldt, Schwyz, Scoti, Scots language, Scottish Gaelic, Sebastian Cabot (explorer), Seleucus I Nicator, Self-governing colony, Semitic languages, Senegal, Serbia, Serbia and Montenegro, Serbian language, Serbo-Croatian, Seychelles, Shah, Shan people, Shanghainese, Sheikh, Shetland, Shona language, Shri, Siberia, Sierra Leone, Sima Qian, Simón Bolívar, Sindh, Singapore, Sinicization, Slavic languages, Slavs, Slovakia, Slovaks, Slovene language, Slovenia, Solomon, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Somaliland, Sorbs, Sotho language, Sotho people, South Korea, South West Africa, Southeast Asia, Southern Rhodesia, Soviet Union, Spain, Spanish Empire, Spanish language, Spanish March, Spice trade, Sri Lanka, St. Lawrence River, Stadtholder, State of Palestine, Strabo, Stratovolcano, Sub-Saharan Africa, Sudan, Sumatra, Sumer, Sumerian language, Sun, Suriname, Swazi people, Swedes (tribe), Switzerland, Syriac, Syriac language, Tagalog language, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tajiks, Tamil language, Tang dynasty, Tanganyika (1961–1964), Tanzania, Tbilisi State University, Temasek, Tengri, Terceira Island, Terra Australis, Teutons, Thailand, The Bahamas, The Gambia, The Wizard of Oz, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Thessaly, Thomas Sankara, Thomas the Apostle, Thoth, Three Kingdoms of Korea, Tibet, Tigris, Timor, Tocharian languages, Togo, Tonga, Tongan language, Toponymy, Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Transliteration, Treaty of Tordesillas, Trinity, Tripoli, Libya, Troy, Tswana language, Tswana people, Tuareg languages, Tunis, Tunisia, Tupi language, Turkic languages, Turkic peoples, Turkish language, Turkmenistan, Tutsi, Tuvalu, Tuvaluan language, Ubangi River, Ubangi-Shari, Uganda, Ugric languages, Ukraine, Ukrainian language, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Unification of Italy, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United States Declaration of Independence, University of Michigan, University of Tartu, Upper Canada, Upper Peru, Uralic languages, Urartian language, Urdu, Uruguay, Uruguay River, Uruk, Uzbekistan, Vaduz, Vanuatu, Vasco da Gama, Vatican City, Vatican Hill, Vedic Sanskrit, Venetian language, Venezuela, Venice, Viceroyalty of New Granada, Viet Minh, Vietnam, Vila Nova de Gaia, Visconte Maggiolo, Vistula Veneti, Voivode, Volta River, Wallachia, Wallonia, West Bank, West Bengal, West Slavic languages, West Timor, Western Sahara, White Cliffs of Dover, White people, White Sea, Wolof language, Xhosa language, Yahweh, Yaqut al-Hamawi, Yemen, Yoruba language, Yugoslavia, Zachlumia, Zaire, Zambezi, Zambia, Zanzibar, Zeeland, Zeta (river), Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Rhodesia, Zirid dynasty, Zoroastrianism.

Unionpedia is a concept map or semantic network organized like an encyclopedia – dictionary. It gives a brief definition of each concept and its relationships.

This is a giant online mental map that serves as a basis for concept diagrams. It's free to use and each article or document can be downloaded. It's a tool, resource or reference for study, research, education, learning or teaching, that can be used by teachers, educators, pupils or students; for the academic world: for school, primary, secondary, high school, middle, technical degree, college, university, undergraduate, master's or doctoral degrees; for papers, reports, projects, ideas, documentation, surveys, summaries, or thesis. Here is the definition, explanation, description, or the meaning of each significant on which you need information, and a list of their associated concepts as a glossary. Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Polish, Dutch, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, Swedish, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Catalan, Czech, Hebrew, Danish, Finnish, Indonesian, Norwegian, Romanian, Turkish, Vietnamese, Korean, Thai, Greek, Bulgarian, Croatian, Slovak, Lithuanian, Filipino, Latvian, Estonian and Slovenian. More languages soon.

The information is based on Wikipedia articles and other Wikimedia projects, and it's available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

Unionpedia is not endorsed by or affiliated with the Wikimedia Foundation.

Google Play, Android and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Privacy Policy