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198 relations: Absolute zero, Actuator, Adam Steltzner, Aeolis Palus, Aeolis quadrangle, Aerobraking, Aerojet, Aeroshell, Air & Space/Smithsonian, Alpha particle, Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Antenna (radio), Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo program, Applied Optics, Astrobiology, Atlas V, Atmosphere of Mars, Atmospheric entry, Attitude control, Bayer filter, Biology, Biomolecule, Biosignature, Bradbury Landing, California Institute of Technology, Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41, Carbon dioxide, Cassini–Huygens, Centaur (rocket stage), Center of mass, Central processing unit, Charge-coupled device, Charles Elachi, CheMin, Chemistry and Camera complex, Chloride, CHON, Clay minerals, Climate of Mars, Color balance, Common Core Booster, Coordinated Universal Time, Cosmic ray, Cruise (aeronautics), Curiosity (rover), Digital image processing, ..., Doug McCuistion, Drag (physics), Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons, Dynamic random-access memory, Earth, Eberswalde (crater), EEPROM, Electra (radio), Electric power system, Endospore, ExoMars, Exploration of Mars, False color, Finland, Flash memory, G-force, Gale (crater), Geochemistry, Geodetic datum, Geology of Mars, Geostationary transfer orbit, Gigabyte, Glenelg, Mars, Hazcam, Heliocentric orbit, Hematite, HiRISE, Holden (Martian crater), Human mission to Mars, Hydrazine, Hydrogen, IBM RAD6000, InSight, Iron oxide, Isotope, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, John M. Grunsfeld, John P. Grotzinger, Kilobyte, Large Strategic Science Missions, Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Launch Services Program, Lift (force), List of Ministers of Education of Spain, List of missions to Mars, List of rocks on Mars, Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Low Earth orbit, Malin Space Science Systems, Mars, Mars 2020, Mars 3, Mars Exploration Program, Mars Exploration Rover, Mars Express, Mars Hand Lens Imager, Mars Pathfinder, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars rover, MAVEN, Mawrth Vallis, Megabyte, Microscope, Mineral hydration, Monopropellant, Morse code, Mount Sharp, Multi-layer insulation, Multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator, Multistage rocket, NASA, NASA Deep Space Network, NASA Eyes Visualization, NASA TV, Navcam, Neutron source, New Horizons, Opportunity (rover), Organic compound, Parachute, Payload fairing, PDF, Pedology, Peter Theisinger, Photovoltaic system, Planetary geology, Planetary habitability, Propellant, Propulsion, Pyrotechnic fastener, RAD750, Radiation, Radiation assessment detector, Radiation hardening, RD-180, Reaction control system, Real-time operating system, Retrorocket, Robotic spacecraft, Rocker-bogie, Rocknest (Mars), Rover (space exploration), Rover Environmental Monitoring Station, Sample Analysis at Mars, Science (journal), Scientific information from the Mars Exploration Rover mission, Silicate minerals, Silicon dioxide, Sky & Telescope, Small Deep Space Transponder, Software-defined radio, Solar cell, Solar particle event, Solid rocket booster, Space debris, Space probe, Space Science Reviews, Space.com, Spacecraft Event Time, Speed of light, Spirit (rover), Sulfate, Taphonomy, The New York Times, Timekeeping on Mars, Titanium, Trajectory, Tungsten, Two-stage-to-orbit, U.S. space exploration history on U.S. stamps, Ultra high frequency, Ultraviolet, United Launch Alliance, Universe Today, USA Today, Viking program, VxWorks, Water on Mars, Wind River Systems, Wired (magazine), Wolfram Alpha, X band, X-ray, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray spectroscopy, 2001 Mars Odyssey, 35 mm film. Expand index (148 more) »
Absolute zero
Absolute zero is the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reach their minimum value, taken as 0.
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Actuator
An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system, for example by opening a valve.
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Adam Steltzner
Adam Diedrich Steltzner (born 1963) is an American NASA engineer who works for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
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Aeolis Palus
Aeolis Palus is a plain between the northern wall of Gale crater and the northern foothills of Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) on Mars.
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Aeolis quadrangle
The Aeolis quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program.
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Aerobraking
Aerobraking is a spaceflight maneuver that reduces the high point of an elliptical orbit (apoapsis) by flying the vehicle through the atmosphere at the low point of the orbit (periapsis).
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Aerojet
Aerojet was an American rocket and missile propulsion manufacturer based primarily in Rancho Cordova, California, with divisions in Redmond, Washington, Orange and Gainesville in Virginia, and Camden, Arkansas.
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Aeroshell
An aeroshell is a rigid heat-shielded shell that helps decelerate and protects a spacecraft vehicle from pressure, heat, and possible debris created by drag during atmospheric entry (see blunt body theory).
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Air & Space/Smithsonian
Air & Space/Smithsonian magazine is a bimonthly magazine put out by the National Air and Space Museum.
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Alpha particle
Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.
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Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer
An alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) is a spectrometer that analyses the chemical element composition of a sample from the scattered alpha particles, and fluorescent X-rays after the sample is irradiated with alpha particles and X-rays from radioactive sources.
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American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is a professional society for the field of aerospace engineering.
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Antenna (radio)
In radio, an antenna is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver.
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Apollo Command/Service Module
The Command/Service Module (CSM) was one of the two United States '''Apollo''' spacecraft, used for the Apollo program which landed astronauts on the Moon between 1969 and 1972.
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Apollo program
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.
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Applied Optics
Applied Optics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by The Optical Society three times a month.
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Astrobiology
Astrobiology is a branch of biology concerned with the origins, early evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe.
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Atlas V
Atlas V ("V" is pronounced "Five") is an expendable launch system in the Atlas rocket family.
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Atmosphere of Mars
The atmosphere of the planet Mars is composed mostly of carbon dioxide.
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Atmospheric entry
Atmospheric entry is the movement of an object from outer space into and through the gases of an atmosphere of a planet, dwarf planet or natural satellite.
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Attitude control
Attitude control is controlling the orientation of an object with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity like the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.
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Bayer filter
A Bayer filter mosaic is a color filter array (CFA) for arranging RGB color filters on a square grid of photosensors.
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Biology
Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.
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Biomolecule
A biomolecule or biological molecule is a loosely used term for molecules and ions that are present in organisms, essential to some typically biological process such as cell division, morphogenesis, or development.
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Biosignature
A biosignature (sometimes called chemical fossil or molecular fossil) is any substance – such as an element, isotope, molecule, or phenomenon – that provides scientific evidence of past or present life.
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Bradbury Landing
Bradbury Landing is a landing location on the planet Mars inside Gale crater.
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California Institute of Technology
The California Institute of Technology (abbreviated Caltech)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; other spellings such as.
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Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, from the Spanish Cabo Cañaveral, is a cape in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast.
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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) (known as Cape Kennedy Air Force Station from 1963 to 1973) is an installation of the United States Air Force Space Command's 45th Space Wing.
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Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 41 (SLC-41), previously Launch Complex 41 (LC-41), is an active launch site at the north end of Cape Canaveral, Florida at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Cassini–Huygens
The Cassini–Huygens mission, commonly called Cassini, was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites.
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Centaur (rocket stage)
Centaur has been designed to be the upper stage of space launch vehicles and is used on the Atlas V. Centaur was the world's first high-energy upper stage, burning liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX).
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Center of mass
In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero, or the point where if a force is applied it moves in the direction of the force without rotating.
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Central processing unit
A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.
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Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.
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Charles Elachi
Charles Elachi (born April 18, 1947 in Lebanon) is a Lebanese-American professor (emeritus) of electrical engineering and planetary science at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).
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CheMin
CheMin, short for Chemistry and Mineralogy, is an instrument located in the interior of the ''Curiosity'' rover that is exploring the surface of Gale crater on Mars.
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Chemistry and Camera complex
Chemistry and Camera complex (ChemCam) is a suite of remote sensing instruments on Mars for the ''Curiosity'' rover.
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Chloride
The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.
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CHON
CHON is a mnemonic acronym for the four most common elements in living organisms: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
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Clay minerals
Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces.
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Climate of Mars
The climate of the planet Mars has been an issue of scientific curiosity for centuries, in part because it is the only terrestrial planet whose surface can be directly observed in detail from the Earth with help from a telescope.
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Color balance
In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors).
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Common Core Booster
The Common Core Booster (CCB) is an American rocket stage, which is used as the first stage of the Atlas V rocket as part of its modular design.
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Coordinated Universal Time
No description.
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Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays are high-energy radiation, mainly originating outside the Solar System and even from distant galaxies.
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Cruise (aeronautics)
Cruise is a flight phase that occurs when the aircraft levels after a climb to a set altitude and before it begins to descend.
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Curiosity (rover)
Curiosity is a car-sized rover designed to explore Gale Crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission (MSL).
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Digital image processing
In computer science, Digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images.
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Doug McCuistion
Doug McCuistion was the Director of NASA's Mars Exploration Program.
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Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called air resistance, a type of friction, or fluid resistance, another type of friction or fluid friction) is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
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Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons
The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument is an experiment mounted on the Mars Science Laboratory ''Curiosity'' rover.
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Dynamic random-access memory
Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.
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Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
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Eberswalde (crater)
Eberswalde, formerly known as Holden NE, is a partially buried impact crater in Margaritifer Terra, Mars.
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EEPROM
EEPROM (also E2PROM) stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers, integrated in microcontrollers for smart cards and remote keyless system, and other electronic devices to store relatively small amounts of data but allowing individual bytes to be erased and reprogrammed.
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Electra (radio)
Electra, formally called the Electra Proximity Link Payload, is a telecommunications package that acts as a communications relay and navigation aid for Mars spacecraft and rovers.
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Electric power system
An electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, and use electric power.
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Endospore
An endospore is a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria from the Firmicute phylum.
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ExoMars
ExoMars (Exobiology on Mars) is a two-part astrobiology project to search for evidence of life on Mars, a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian space agency Roscosmos.
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Exploration of Mars
The planet Mars has been explored remotely by spacecraft.
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False color
False color (or false colour) refers to a group of color rendering methods used to display images in color which were recorded in the visible or non-visible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Finland
Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.
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Flash memory
Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state) non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
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G-force
The gravitational force, or more commonly, g-force, is a measurement of the type of acceleration that causes a perception of weight.
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Gale (crater)
Gale is a crater, and probable dry lake, on Mars near the northwestern part of the Aeolis quadrangle at.
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Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.
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Geodetic datum
A geodetic datum or geodetic system is a coordinate system, and a set of reference points, used to locate places on the Earth (or similar objects).
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Geology of Mars
The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars.
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Geostationary transfer orbit
A geosynchronous transfer orbit or geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit—an elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane—used to reach geosynchronous or geostationary orbit using high-thrust chemical engines.
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Gigabyte
The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Glenelg, Mars
Glenelg, Mars (or Glenelg Intrigue) is a location on Mars near the Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity rover) landing site ("Bradbury Landing") in Gale Crater marked by a natural intersection of three kinds of terrain.
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Hazcam
Hazcams (short for hazard avoidance cameras) are photographic cameras mounted on the front and rear of NASA's ''Spirit'', ''Opportunity'' and ''Curiosity'' rover missions to Mars and on the lower front portion of Chinese ''Yutu'' rover mission to the Moon.
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Heliocentric orbit
A heliocentric orbit (also called circumsolar orbit) is an orbit around the barycenter of the Solar System, which is usually located within or very near the surface of the Sun.
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Hematite
Hematite, also spelled as haematite, is the mineral form of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3), one of several iron oxides.
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HiRISE
For the Apple accessory see Twelve South High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment is a camera on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
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Holden (Martian crater)
Holden is a 140 km wide crater situated within the Margaritifer Sinus quadrangle (MC-19) region of the planet Mars, located with the southern highlands.
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Human mission to Mars
A human mission to Mars has been the subject of science fiction, aerospace engineering, and scientific proposals since the 19th century.
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Hydrazine
Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (also written), called diamidogen, archaically.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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IBM RAD6000
The RAD6000 radiation-hardened single board computer, based on the IBM RISC Single Chip CPU, was manufactured by IBM Federal Systems.
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InSight
InSight is a robotic lander designed to study the interior of the planet Mars.
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Iron oxide
Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen.
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Isotope
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in Pasadena, California, United States, with large portions of the campus in La Cañada Flintridge, California.
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John M. Grunsfeld
John Mace Grunsfeld (born October 10, 1958) is an American physicist and a former NASA astronaut.
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John P. Grotzinger
John P. Grotzinger is the Fletcher Jones Professor of Geology at California Institute of Technology and chair of the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences.
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Kilobyte
The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Large Strategic Science Missions
NASA's Large Strategic Science Missions, formerly known as Flagship missions or Flagship-class missions, are the costliest and most capable NASA science spacecraft.
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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a type of atomic emission spectroscopy which uses a highly energetic laser pulse as the excitation source.
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Launch Services Program
Launch Services Program (LSP) is responsible for NASA oversight of launch operations and countdown management, providing added quality and mission assurance in lieu of the requirement for the launch service provider to obtain a commercial launch license.
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Lift (force)
A fluid flowing past the surface of a body exerts a force on it.
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List of Ministers of Education of Spain
The Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional) is the ministry of the government of Spain responsible for the administration and the preservation of the non-university education and vocational training.
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List of missions to Mars
There are a number of derelict orbiters around Mars whose location is not known precisely; there is a proposal to search for small moons, dust rings, and old orbiters with the Optical Navigation Camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
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List of rocks on Mars
This is an alphabetical list of named rocks (and meteorites) found on Mars, by mission.
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Lockheed Martin Space Systems
Lockheed Martin Space is one of the four major business divisions of Lockheed Martin.
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Low Earth orbit
A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with an altitude of or less, and with an orbital period of between about 84 and 127 minutes.
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Malin Space Science Systems
Malin Space Science Systems (or MSSS) is a San Diego, California company that designs, develops, and operates instruments to fly on unmanned spacecraft.
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Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.
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Mars 2020
Mars 2020 is a Mars rover mission by NASA's Mars Exploration Program with a planned launch in 2020.
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Mars 3
Mars 3 was an unmanned space probe of the Soviet Mars program which spanned the years between 1960 and 1973.
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Mars Exploration Program
The Mars Exploration Program (MEP) is a long-term effort to explore the planet Mars, funded and led by NASA.
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Mars Exploration Rover
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission is an ongoing robotic space mission involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, exploring the planet Mars.
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Mars Express
Mars Express is a space exploration mission being conducted by the European Space Agency (ESA).
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Mars Hand Lens Imager
Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) is one of seventeen cameras on the Curiosity rover on the Mars Science Laboratory mission.
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Mars Pathfinder
Mars Pathfinder (MESUR Pathfinder) is an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997.
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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is a multipurpose spacecraft designed to conduct reconnaissance and exploration of Mars from orbit.
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Mars rover
A Mars rover is an automated motor vehicle that propels itself across the surface of the planet Mars upon arrival.
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MAVEN
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) is a space probe developed by NASA to study the Martian atmosphere while orbiting Mars.
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Mawrth Vallis
Mawrth Vallis (Mawrth means "Mars" in Welsh) is a valley on Mars, located in the Oxia Palus quadrangle at 22.3°N, 343.5°E with an elevation approximately two kilometers below datum.
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Megabyte
The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.
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Microscope
A microscope (from the μικρός, mikrós, "small" and σκοπεῖν, skopeîn, "to look" or "see") is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
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Mineral hydration
Mineral hydration is an inorganic chemical reaction where water is added to the crystal structure of a mineral, usually creating a new mineral, usually called a hydrate.
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Monopropellant
Monopropellants are propellants consisting of chemicals that release energy through exothermic chemical decomposition.
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Morse code
Morse code is a method of transmitting text information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment.
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Mount Sharp
Mount Sharp, officially Aeolis Mons, is a mountain on Mars.
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Multi-layer insulation
Multi-layer insulation, or MLI, is thermal insulation composed of multiple layers of thin sheets and is often used on spacecraft.
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Multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator
The multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator (MMRTG) is a type of radioisotope thermoelectric generator developed for NASA space missions such as the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Energy's Office of Space and Defense Power Systems within the Office of Nuclear Energy.
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Multistage rocket
A multistage rocket, or step rocket is a launch vehicle that uses two or more rocket stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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NASA Deep Space Network
The NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) is a worldwide network of US spacecraft communication facilities, located in the United States (California), Spain (Madrid), and Australia (Canberra), that supports NASA's interplanetary spacecraft missions.
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NASA Eyes Visualization
NASA Eyes is a freely available suite of computer visualization applications created by the Visualization Technology Applications and Development Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Experience Earth and our solar system, the universe and the spacecraft exploring them, with immersive apps for Mac, PC and mobile devices.
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NASA TV
NASA TV (originally NASA Select) is the television service of the United States government agency NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration).
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Navcam
Navcam, short for navigational camera, is a type of camera found on certain robotic rovers or spacecraft used for navigation without interfering with scientific instruments.
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Neutron source
A neutron source is any device that emits neutrons, irrespective of the mechanism used to produce the neutrons.
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New Horizons
New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe that was launched as a part of NASA's New Frontiers program.
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Opportunity (rover)
Opportunity, also known as MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B) or MER-1, is a robotic rover active on Mars since 2004.
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Organic compound
In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.
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Parachute
A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).
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Payload fairing
A payload fairing is a nose cone used to protect a spacecraft (launch vehicle payload) against the impact of dynamic pressure and aerodynamic heating during launch through an atmosphere.
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The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
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Pedology
Pedology (from Greek: πέδον, pedon, "soil"; and λόγος, logos, "study") is the study of soils in their natural environment.
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Peter Theisinger
Peter C. Theisinger (born 1945 in Fresno, California) is the director of the Engineering and Science Directorate at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California and was the project manager of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission and later project manager for the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory mission.
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Photovoltaic system
A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.
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Planetary geology
Planetary geology, alternatively known as astrogeology or exogeology, is a planetary science discipline concerned with the geology of the celestial bodies such as the planets and their moons, asteroids, comets, and meteorites.
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Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to have habitable environments hospitable to life, or its ability to generate life endogenously.
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Propellant
A propellant or propellent is a chemical substance used in the production of energy or pressurized gas that is subsequently used to create movement of a fluid or to generate propulsion of a vehicle, projectile, or other object.
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Propulsion
Propulsion means to push forward or drive an object forward.
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Pyrotechnic fastener
A pyrotechnic fastener (also called an explosive bolt, or pyro, within context) is a fastener, usually a nut or bolt, that incorporates a pyrotechnic charge that can be initiated remotely.
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RAD750
The RAD750 is a radiation-hardened single board computer manufactured by BAE Systems Electronics, Intelligence & Support.
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Radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.
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Radiation assessment detector
The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) is an instrument mounted on the Mars Science Laboratory ''Curiosity'' rover.
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Radiation hardening
Radiation hardening is the act of making electronic components and systems resistant to damage or malfunctions caused by ionizing radiation (particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation), such as those encountered in outer space and high-altitude flight, around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.
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RD-180
The RD-180 (РД-180, Ракетный Двигатель-180, Rocket Engine-180) is a rocket engine designed and built in Russia.
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Reaction control system
A reaction control system (RCS) is a spacecraft system that uses thrusters to provide attitude control, and sometimes translation.
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Real-time operating system
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) intended to serve real-time applications that process data as it comes in, typically without buffer delays.
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Retrorocket
A retrorocket (short for retrograde rocket) is a rocket engine providing thrust opposing the motion of a vehicle, thereby causing it to decelerate.
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Robotic spacecraft
A robotic spacecraft is an uncrewed spacecraft, usually under telerobotic control.
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Rocker-bogie
The rocker-bogie system is the suspension arrangement used in the Mars rovers (mechanical robot) introduced for the Mars Pathfinder and also used on the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) missions.
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Rocknest (Mars)
Rocknest is a sand patch on the surface of Aeolis Palus, between Peace Vallis and Aeolis Mons ("Mount Sharp"), in Gale crater on the planet Mars.
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Rover (space exploration)
A rover (or sometimes planetary rover) is a space exploration vehicle designed to move across the surface of a planet or other celestial body.
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Rover Environmental Monitoring Station
Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) is a weather station on Mars for Curiosity rover contributed by Spain and Finland.
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Sample Analysis at Mars
Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) is a suite of instruments on the Mars Science Laboratory ''Curiosity'' rover.
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Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
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Scientific information from the Mars Exploration Rover mission
NASA's 2003 Mars Exploration Rover Mission has amassed an enormous amount of scientific information related to the Martian geology and atmosphere, as well as providing some astronomical observations from Mars.
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Silicate minerals
Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals with predominantly silicate anions.
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Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica (from the Latin silex), is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, most commonly found in nature as quartz and in various living organisms.
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Sky & Telescope
Sky & Telescope (S&T) is a monthly American magazine covering all aspects of amateur astronomy, including the following.
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Small Deep Space Transponder
The Small Deep Space Transponder is a transponder designed by JPL specifically for deep space probes.
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Software-defined radio
Software-defined radio (SDR) is a radio communication system where components that have been traditionally implemented in hardware (e.g. mixers, filters, amplifiers, modulators/demodulators, detectors, etc.) are instead implemented by means of software on a personal computer or embedded system.
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Solar cell
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.
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Solar particle event
A solar proton event (SPE), or "proton storm", occurs when particles (mostly protons) emitted by the Sun become accelerated either close to the Sun during a flare or in interplanetary space by CME shocks.
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Solid rocket booster
Solid-fuel rocket boosters (SRBs) are large solid propellant motors used to provide thrust in spacecraft launches from initial launch through the first ascent stage.
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Space debris
Space debris (also known as space junk, space waste, space trash, space litter or space garbage) is a term for the mass of defunct, artificially created objects in space, most notably in Earth orbit, such as old satellites and spent rocket stages.
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Space probe
A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that does not orbit the Earth, but, instead, explores further into outer space.
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Space Science Reviews
Space Science Reviews is a peer reviewed, scientific journal of space science.
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Space.com
Space.com is a space and astronomy news website.
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Spacecraft Event Time
Spacecraft Event Time (SCET) is the spacecraft-local time for events that happen at the spacecraft.
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Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics.
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Spirit (rover)
Spirit, also known as MER-A (Mars Exploration Rover – A) or MER-2, is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010.
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Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate (see spelling differences) ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula.
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Taphonomy
Taphonomy is the study of how organisms decay and become fossilized.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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Timekeeping on Mars
Various schemes have been used or proposed for timekeeping on the planet Mars independently of Earth time and calendars.
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Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22.
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Trajectory
A trajectory or flight path is the path that a massive object in motion follows through space as a function of time.
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Tungsten
Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.
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Two-stage-to-orbit
A two-stage-to-orbit or two-stage rocket launch vehicle is a spacecraft in which two distinct stages provide propulsion consecutively in order to achieve orbital velocity.
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U.S. space exploration history on U.S. stamps
With the advent of unmanned and manned space flight a new era of American history had presented itself.
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Ultra high frequency
Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one decimeter.
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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United Launch Alliance
United Launch Alliance (ULA) is a joint venture of Lockheed Martin Space Systems and Boeing Defense, Space & Security.
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Universe Today
Universe Today (UT) is a popular North American-based non-commercial space and astronomy news website.
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USA Today
USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily, middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company.
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Viking program
The Viking program consisted of a pair of American space probes sent to Mars, Viking 1 and Viking 2.
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VxWorks
VxWorks is a real-time operating system (RTOS) developed as proprietary software by Wind River Systems, an Intel subsidiary of Alameda, California, US.
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Water on Mars
Almost all water on Mars today exists as ice, though it also exists in small quantities as vapor in the atmosphere and occasionally as low-volume liquid brines in shallow Martian soil.
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Wind River Systems
Wind River Systems, also known as Wind River, is an Alameda, California-based wholly owned subsidiary of TPG Capital.
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Wired (magazine)
Wired is a monthly American magazine, published in print and online editions, that focuses on how emerging technologies affect culture, the economy, and politics.
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Wolfram Alpha
Wolfram Alpha (also styled WolframAlpha, and Wolfram|Alpha) is a computational knowledge engine or answer engine developed by Wolfram Alpha LLC, a subsidiary of Wolfram Research.
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X band
The X band is the designation for a band of frequencies in the microwave radio region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.
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X-ray fluorescence
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.
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X-ray spectroscopy
X-ray spectroscopy is a gathering name for several spectroscopic techniques for characterization of materials by using x-ray excitation.
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2001 Mars Odyssey
2001 Mars Odyssey is a robotic spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars.
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35 mm film
35 mm film (millimeter) is the film gauge most commonly used for motion pictures and chemical still photography (see 135 film).
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Redirects here:
2011-070A, 2012 Mars landing, MSL09, Mars Science Lab, Mars Science Lander, Mars science laboratory mission, Msl mission, Msl project, Retropropulsion, Seven minutes of terror, Seven minutes of triumph.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Science_Laboratory
